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(Bacillariophyta) I Procena Ekološkog Statusa Reke Timok

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(Bacillariophyta) I Procena Ekološkog Statusa Reke Timok UNIVERZITET EDUCONS Fakultet zaštite životne sredine Sremska Kamenica PROSTORNA I VREMENSKA VARIJABILNOST SILIKATNIH ALGI (BACILLARIOPHYTA) I PROCENA EKOLOŠKOG STATUSA REKE TIMOK Doktorska disertacija Mentor: Kandidat: Dr Snežana Štrbac, naučni saradnik Nikola Đukić Sremska Kamenica, 2020. 1 UNIVERZITET EDUCONS Fakultet zaštite životne sredine KLJUČNA DOKUMENTACIJSKA INFORMACIJA Redni broj: RBR Identifikacioni broj: IBR Tip dokumentacije: Monografska dokumentacija DT Tip zapisa: Tekstualni štampani materijal TR Vrsta rada (dipl, mag, dr): Doktorska disertacija VR Ime i prezime autora Nikola Đukić, dipl. biolog AU Mentor (titular, ime, prezime, zvanje): dr Snežana Štrbac, vanredni profesor MN Naslov rada: Prostorna i vremenska varijabilnost silikatnih algi NR (Bacillariophyta) i procena ekološkog statusa reke Timok Jezik publikacije: Srpski LP Jezik izvoda/apstrakta Srpski/engleski JI Zemlja publikovanja: Srbija ZP Uže geografsko područje: Srbija UGP Godina: 2020. GO Izdavač: Autorski reprint IZ Mesto i adresa: Univerzitet Educons, Fakultet za zaštitu životne sredine, MA Vojvode Putnika 87, Sremska Kamenica Fizički opis rada: Sedam poglavlja, 323 strana, 121 tabela, 70 slika, 99 grafikona, FO 246 referenci Naučna oblast: Zaštita životne sredine NO Naučna disciplina: Zaštita životne sredine ND Predmetne odrednice, ključne reči: Biomonitoring, bentosne silikatne alge, dijatomni indeksi, PO kvalitet voda, reka Timok UDK Čuva se u: Biblioteka Univerziteta Educons, Sremska Kamenica ČU Važna napomena: Nema. VN Silikatne alge su u mnogim zemljama, kao i u Srbiji, prihvaćene Izvod/Apstrakt: u naučnim istraživanjima i u rutinskom monitoringu kao IZ indikatori stanja i kvaliteta vode vodenih ekosistema. Istraživanje silikatnih algi u slivu reke Timok sprovedeno je sa ciljem da se utvrdi ekološki status reke Timok i njenih pritoka. Istraživanje je obuhvatalo šest reka u istočnoj Srbiji. Uzorci su sezonski sakupljani tokom 2016. godine na 30 lokaliteta i tokom 2017. godine na 8 lokaliteta. U ispitivanom slivu reke Timok utvrđeno je prisustvo ukupno 129 taksona silikatnih algi. Najzastupljeniji rodovi su bili Navicula, Nitzschia i Gomphonema. U sprovedenom istraživanju CCA analiza je pokazala da su pH i temperatura imali uticaja na sezonsku dinamiku zajednica silikatnih algi, dok je NMDS analiza pokazala da na njihovu prostornu varijabilnost najveći uticaj imaju provodljivost i salinitet. NMDS i analiza Indikatorskih vrsta je pokazala i međuzavisnost provodljivosti i saliniteta i relativne brojnosti taksona Nitzschia capitellata, Nitzschia palea, Nitzschia linearis, Nitzschia recta i Achnanthidium minutissimum. Na osnovu rezultata fitobentosa i fizičko-hemijskih parametara, Trgoviški Timok se izdvaja kao reka sa najboljim konačnim ekološkim statusom vode, ocenjenim kao veoma dobar (I klasa). Konačni ekološki status Svrljiškog Timoka je loš (IV klasa) a ekološki status Borske reke, Belog, Crnog i Velikog Timoka veoma loš (V klasa). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata predlaže se upotreba IPS indeksa sa strožijim granicama klasa za tipove vodotoka 2 i 3, jer pruža pouzdaniju ocenu ekološkog statusa u odnosu na CEE indeks, koji je kao i prethodni indeks propisan Pravilnikom Republike Srbije. Datum prihvatanja od strane NN veća: DP Datum odbrane: DO Članovi komisije (ime i prezime, Predsednik: dr Nataša Stojić, docent, Fakultet zaštite životne titular, zvanje, naziv institucije, sredine, Univerzitet Educons status): Član: dr Tatjana Jakšić, vanredni profesor, Prirodno-matematički KO fakultet Univerziteta u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici Mentor: dr Snežana Štrbac, naučni saradnik, Institut za hemiju, tehnologiju i metalurgiju, Univerzitet u Beogradu EDUCONS UNIVERISTY Faculty of Environmental Protection KEY DOCUMENT INFORMATION Number *consequtive: ANO Identification mumber: INO Document type: Monograph documentation DT Type of record: Textual printed material TR Contents code (BA/BSc, MA/MSc, PhD): PhD CC Author: Nikola Đukić, dipl. biologist AU Mentor (title, name, post): dr Snežana Štrbac, Associate Professor MN Document title: TI Language of main text: Serbian LT Language of abstract: English/Serbian LA Country of publication: Serbia CP Locality of publication: Serbia LP Year of publication: 2020. PY Publisher: Author PU Place of publication: PP Physical description: 7 chapters, 323 pages, 121 tables, 70 figures, 99 graphicons, PD 246 references Scientific field: Environmental Science SF Scientific discipline: Environmental Science SD Subject, Key words: biomonitoring, benthic diatoms, diatom indices, water quality, SKW Timok River UC (universal class. code) Holding data: In the Library of the Educons University, Sremska Kamenica HD Note: No note N Diatoms are accepted in many countries, as well as in Serbia, in Abstract: scientific research and in routine monitoring as indicators of the AB condition and water quality of aquatic ecosystems. The research of diatoms in the Timok River Basin was conducted with the aim of determining the ecological status of the Timok river and its tributaries. The research included six rivers in eastern Serbia. Samples were collected seasonally during 2016 at 30 sites and during 2017 at 8 sites. A total of 129 taxa of diatoms were found in the investigated Timok River Basin. The most common genera were Navicula, Nitzschia and Gomphonema. In the conducted research, CCA analysis showed that pH and temperature had an impact on the seasonal dynamics of diatom communities, while NMDS analysis showed that conductivity and salinity have the greatest influence on their spatial variability. NMDS and analysis of Indicator Species also showed the interdependence of conductivity and salinity and the relative abundance of taxa of Nitzschia capitellata, Nitzschia palea, Nitzschia linearis, Nitzschia recta and Achnanthidium minutissimum. Based on the results of phytobenthos and physico-chemical parameters, and according to the Ordinance on the parameters of the ecological and chemical status of surface waters and the parameters of the chemical and quantitative status of groundwater, Trgoviški Timok stands out as a river with the best final ecological status of water, rated as very good (class I). The final ecological status of Svrljiški Timok is bad (IV class) and the ecological status of Borska reka river, Beli, Crni and Veliki Timok is very bad (V class). Based on the obtained results, the use of IPS index with stricter class boundaries for watercourse types 2 and 3 is proposed, because it provides a more reliable assessment of ecological status in relation to the CEE index, which like the previous index is prescribed by the Ordinance on the parameters of the ecological and chemical status of surface waters and the parameters of the chemical and quantitative status of groundwater. Accepted by Sc. Board on: AS Defended/Viva voce Ph D exam on: DE Chairperson: PhD Nataša Stojić, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Environmental Protection, University Educons Member: PhD Tatajana Jakšić, Associate Professor, Faculty of PhD Examination Panel: Science and Mathematics, University in Priština - Kosovska DB Mitrovica Mentor: PhD Snežana Štrbac, Research Associate, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade SADRAŽAJ: 1. UVOD ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Opšte karakteristike silikatnih algi ............................................................................. 1 1.2. Ekologija, prostorna i vremenska varijabilnost bentosnih silikatnih algi ................... 3 1.3. Silikatne alge kao bioindikatori površinskih voda ..................................................... 6 1.4. Dijatomni indeksi ....................................................................................................... 8 1.5. Okvirna Direktiva Evropske Unije o vodama .......................................................... 10 1.6. Ocena kvaliteta vode površinskih vodotokova u Srbiji ............................................ 12 1.7. Pregled algoloških istraživanja silikatnih algi u slivu reke Timok ........................... 14 1.8. Metodologija istraživanja ......................................................................................... 15 1.8.1. Predmet i cilj istraživanja ...................................................................................... 15 1.8.2. Zadaci istraživanja ................................................................................................. 16 1.8.3. Hipoteze istraživanja ............................................................................................. 16 1.8.4. Naučni doprinos sprovedenog istraživanja ............................................................ 17 2. MATERIJAL I METODE RADA ............................................................................... 18 2.2. Opis istraživanog područja ....................................................................................... 18 2.2.1. Područje istraživanja.............................................................................................. 18 2.2.2. Geomorfološke karakteristike sliva reke Timoka .................................................. 20 2.2.3. Zemljište sliva reke Timoka .................................................................................. 24 2.2.4. Klimatske karakteristike sliva reke Timoka .......................................................... 25 2.2.4.1. Temperatura .......................................................................................................
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