Indo-German Environment Partnership | Sustainable Urban Habitat

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) Country: Overall Term: March 2012 to February 2015 Implementing Agencies: GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH) of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ); the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) and the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) of the Government of India (GoI); and the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) of Shimla, Nashik, and .

Context Under its flagship program for improvement of urban governance and urban infrastructure called the Jawaharlal Urban India is facing a huge challenge to cope with the Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) launched infrastructural requirements of the ever-increasing population. in 2005, MoUD identified interventions in 65 Indian According to the 2011 census, population of India was 121 including seven mega cities. MSW was one of the aspects crores (1.21 billion) of which 31% live in cities. It is projected covered under the program. that by 2050 half of India’s population will live in cities Further, in 2009, MoUD initiated Service Level Benchmarking Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) remains a (SLB) with respect to basic municipal services including solid major infrastructure requirement that needs to be improved. waste management. SLB has been introduced in 30 states and Approximately 50 million metric tonnes (115,000 metric tonnes across 1700 ULBs. Performance-related funds under the 13th per day) of solid waste is generated every year by the urban Finance Commission have been linked to improvements in SLBs population in India. The per capita generation of waste in including SWM. Indian cities ranges from 0.17kg to 0.62kg/capita/day depending upon population size and its socio-economic profile. Segregation The 13th Finance Commission also recommends that of all at source, collection, transportation, treatment and scientific grants to be given to the ULBs, 50% should be for SWM (2010- disposal of waste is largely insufficient leading to degradation of 2015). Moreover, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy environment and poor quality of life. has funded five Waste-to-Energy plants for utilization of MSW.

In order to streamline the municipal solid waste management Despite huge investments and the encouragement of the Central system, the MoEF formulated the Municipal Solid Waste Government to invest in and adapt to the MSW (M&H) Rules (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000. Also, an elaborate 2000, improvement in this sector is slow. tool for implementation of these rules was prepared by the MoUD in the form of Municipal Solid Waste Manual in 2000. Based on the initiatives of the Government of India, the Government of Germany through the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH has been supporting the MSW sector since 2009. The technical cooperation began under the Advisory Services in Environmental Management (ASEM) and is being continued under the new Indo-German Environment Partnership (IGEP) programme.

GIZ-IGEP provides technical support for municipal solid waste management to selected Indian cities following a participatory

An open dumpsite approach with the concerned ministries. The selected cities are • Implementation of an integrated SWM system for Tirupati Shimla, Nashik and Tirupati. in Andhra Pradesh • Co-processing of dry-waste fractions of MSW with cement Objective industry (as element of a SWM system). The model will be in The primary objective of the intervention is to incorporate Nashik, . Geocycle, a subsidiary of Holcim, will environmental considerations more systematically while partner with GIZ planning, designing and implementing a comprehensive solid • Development of hilly area landfill model for Shimla waste management system in the supported cities. • Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan for Nashik, Shimla, Tirupati and Raipur Approach • Financial Sustainability for SWM services in Tirupati and A three-tiered approach is followed in order to achieve the preparation of the necessary framework desired outcome at national, state and level. In its current • Waste-to-Energy project for Nashik: Co-fermentation of support, in agreement with the MoUD, GIZ envisages extending organic solid waste with septage as a pilot demonstration the support to three cities and states through select initiatives in Nashik for strengthening the overall solid waste management system. Activities/interventions undertaken/foreseen at For this purpose, GIZ has established cells at national, state and city levels in order to coordinate and upscale on-going activities. the state-level: During implementation further assistance is provided through • State Strategy for Municipal Solid Waste for Himachal Pradesh a team of international and national solid waste management • Improvements in SLBs for waste in Himachal Pradesh experts. Moreover, capacity building for all relevant stakeholders • Toolkit for ULBs for attaining Financial Sustainability for is supported. SWM services for Andhra Pradesh

Transportation of waste and placing of wet waste Windrow composting in windrows using loader

Activities Activities/interventions undertaken/foreseen at Support for Solid Waste Management has been envisaged at the national-level: the city-level and also at the state- and national-level where the • Support in revising the Municipal Solid Waste Management framework that is finally implemented at the city-level is made. Manual • Training on SWM based on the MSWM manual Activities/interventions undertaken/foreseen at • Inputs to the JNNURM toolkit on SWM the city-level: • Aid to Decision Making Tool (Decision Tree – a digitized/ • Step-wise improvement of a municipal solid waste management computerized tool) for SWM project formulation for system: Pilot based on improvements in selected Service Level decision makers Benchmarks for SWM within Shimla with an inbuilt up-scaling • Sharing of Best Practices from Germany strategy for other ULBs in Himachal Pradesh • Support for the revision of the MSW (M&H) Rules, 2000

Contact Regina Dube Head and Senior Advisor – Sustainable Urban Habitat Vaishali Nandan, Senior Advisor – Sustainable Urban Habitat Indo-German Environment Partnership (IGEP) programme Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer International Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH B-5/2, Safdarjung Enclave, New - 110029, India T: +91 11 4949 5353 E: [email protected] / [email protected] I: www.giz.de, www.igep.in