Annual Report 2009
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Laboratory Astrophysics Is the Rosetta Stone That Symposium Enables Astronomers to Understand and Interpret the Distant Cosmos
IAU Symposium IAU IAU Symposium Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Laboratory astrophysics is the Rosetta Stone that Symposium enables astronomers to understand and interpret the distant cosmos. It provides the tools to interpret and 350 guide astronomical observations and delivers the numbers needed to quantitatively model the processes 350 taking place in space, providing a bridge between 350 Laboratory 14-19 April 2019 observers and modelers. IAU Symposium 350 was 14-19 April 2019 Cambridge, United Kingdom organized by the International Astronomical Union's Cambridge, United Kingdom Laboratory Astrophysics Commission (B5), and was the Interpretation Observations to From Astrophysics: rst topical symposium on laboratory astrophysics Laboratory sponsored by the IAU. Active researchers in observational astronomy, space missions, experimental From Observations Astrophysics: and theoretical laboratory astrophysics, and Laboratory Astrophysics: From Observations astrochemistry discuss the topics and challenges facing astronomy today. Five major topics are covered, to Interpretation to Interpretation spanning from star- and planet-formation through stellar populations to extragalactic chemistry and dark matter. Within each topic, the main themes of laboratory studies, astronomical observations, and theoretical modeling are explored, demonstrating the breadth and the plurality of disciplines engaged in the growing eld of laboratory astrophysics. Edited by Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Salama and Linnartz Farid Salama Editor in Chief: Professor Maria Teresa Lago This series contains the proceedings of major scienti c Harold Linnartz meetings held by the International Astronomical Union. Each volume contains a series of articles on a topic of current interest in astronomy, giving a timely overview of research in the eld. With contributions by leading scientists, these books are at a level suitable for research astronomers and graduate students. -
RADIAL VELOCITIES in the ZODIACAL DUST CLOUD
A SURVEY OF RADIAL VELOCITIES in the ZODIACAL DUST CLOUD Brian Harold May Astrophysics Group Department of Physics Imperial College London Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy to Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine London · 2007 · 2 Abstract This thesis documents the building of a pressure-scanned Fabry-Perot Spectrometer, equipped with a photomultiplier and pulse-counting electronics, and its deployment at the Observatorio del Teide at Izaña in Tenerife, at an altitude of 7,700 feet (2567 m), for the purpose of recording high-resolution spectra of the Zodiacal Light. The aim was to achieve the first systematic mapping of the MgI absorption line in the Night Sky, as a function of position in heliocentric coordinates, covering especially the plane of the ecliptic, for a wide variety of elongations from the Sun. More than 250 scans of both morning and evening Zodiacal Light were obtained, in two observing periods – September-October 1971, and April 1972. The scans, as expected, showed profiles modified by components variously Doppler-shifted with respect to the unshifted shape seen in daylight. Unexpectedly, MgI emission was also discovered. These observations covered for the first time a span of elongations from 25º East, through 180º (the Gegenschein), to 27º West, and recorded average shifts of up to six tenths of an angstrom, corresponding to a maximum radial velocity relative to the Earth of about 40 km/s. The set of spectra obtained is in this thesis compared with predictions made from a number of different models of a dust cloud, assuming various distributions of dust density as a function of position and particle size, and differing assumptions about their speed and direction. -
Panoptes, a Project Building Tool for Citizen Science
Panoptes, a Project Building Tool for Citizen Science Alex Bowyer Chris Lintott Greg Hines Campbell Allen Ed Paget [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Zooniverse / Zooniverse / Zooniverse / Zooniverse / Zooniverse / University of Oxford University of Oxford University of Oxford University of Oxford Adler Planetarium Abstract and supporting projects from ecology to planetary science2. An early test project, Snapshot Supernova(Campbell and et. We will demonstrate the newly deployed Panoptes sys- al. 2015), showed that the system was able to cope with large tem for building citizen science projects which involve spikes in traffic, receiving more than a million classifications the public in the crowdsourced analysis of images. Panoptes supports projects built by the Zooniverse, the in under twenty minutes. world’s most successful collection of such projects, and Unlike previous crowdsourcing platforms, Panoptes pro- allows end users - typically scientists and researchers duces more than a list of raw classifications for project sci- with large data sets - to construct advanced classifica- entists. Standard algorithms (e.g (Hines and et. al. 2015)) ag- tion workflows using simple, browser based tools. A gregate individual users’ input into combined results. These particular strength of Panoptes is its ability to support algorithms can be used to implement complex retirement complex retirement and aggregation tools and proce- rules and task assignment, increasing the efficiency of clas- dures, as well as a mechanism for sending notifications sification. As an example of this kind of more advanced task to users as they classify. It thus provides a valuable 3 testbed for those wishing to build their own projects for assignment, we have integrated the SWAPR code devel- the purposes of investigating the behaviour of human- oped by the SpaceWarps ((et. -
Refereed Publications That Name
59 Refereed Publications Since 2011 with Named Co-Authors who are NASA Citizen Scientists Compiled by Marc Kuchner February 2021 Authors in bold are citizen scientists. Aurorasaurus Semeter, J., Hunnekuhl, M., MacDonald, E., Hirsch, M., Zeller, N., Chernenkoff, A., & Wang, J. (2020). The mysterious green streaks below STEVE. AGU Advances, 1, e2020AV000183. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000183 Hunnekuhl, M., & MacDonald, E. (2020). Early ground‐based work by auroral pioneer Carl Størmer on the high‐altitude detached subauroral arcs now known as “STEVE”. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002384. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002384 S. B. Mende. B. J. Harding, & C. Turner. “Subauroral Green STEVE Arcs: Evidence for Low- Energy Excitation” Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 46, Issue 24, Pages 14256-14262 (2019) http://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086145 S. B. Mende. & C. Turner. “Color Ratios of Subauroral (STEVE) Arcs” Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics),Volume 124, Issue 7, Pages 5945-5955 (2019) http://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026851 Y. Nishimura, Y., B, Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Y, Zou, E. Mishin, D.J. Knudsen, E. F. Donovan, V. Angelopoulos, R. Raybell, “Magnetospheric Signatures of STEVE: Implications for the Magnetospheric Energy Source and Interhemispheric Conjugacy” Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 46, Issue 11, Pages 5637-5644 (2019) Elizabeth A. MacDonald, Eric Donovan, Yukitoshi Nishimura, Nathan A. Case, D. Megan Gillies, Bea Gallardo-Lacourt, William E. Archer, Emma L. Spanswick, Notanee Bourassa, Martin Connors, Matthew Heavner, Brian Jackel, Burcu Kosar, David J. Knudsen, Chris Ratzlaff and Ian Schofield, “New science in plain sight: Citizen scientists lead to the discovery of optical structure in the upper atmosphere” Science Advances, vol. -
Future Directions for Citizen Science and Public Policy
FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR CITIZEN SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY Edited by Katie Cohen and Robert Doubleday Centre for Science and Policy June 2021 FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR CITIZEN SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY Edited by Katie Cohen and Robert Doubleday Centre for Science and Policy Future directions for citizen science and public policy Open access. Some rights reserved. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY- NC 4.0) licence. You are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and remix, transform, and build upon the material, under the following terms: you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. To view the full licence, visit: www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode The Centre for Science and Policy gratefully acknowledges the work of Creative Commons in inspiring our approach to copyright. To find out more go to:www.creativecommons.org The Centre for Science and Policy was set up at the University of Cambridge in 2009 with the mission to improve public policy through the more effective use of evidence and expertise. CSaP does this by creating opportunities for public policy professionals and academics to learn from each other. CSaP has a unique network of over 450 Policy Fellows and 1,750 experts contributing to more dynamic and diverse scientific input to the most pressing public policy challenges. -
Brian May Plays “God Save the Queen” from the Roof of Buckingham Palace to Commemorate Queen Elizabeth II’S Golden Jubilee on June 3, 2002
Exclusive interview Brian May plays “God Save the Queen” from the roof of Buckingham Palace to commemorate Queen Elizabeth II’s Golden Jubilee on June 3, 2002. © 2002 Arthur Edwards 26 Astronomy • September 2012 As a teenager, Brian Harold May was shy, uncer- tain, insecure. “I used to think, ‘My God, I don’t know what to do, I don’t know what to wear, I don’t know who I am,’ ” he says. For a kid who didn’t know who he was or what he wanted, he had quite a future in store. Deep, abiding interests and worldwide success A life in would come on several levels, from both science and music. Like all teenagers beset by angst, it was just a matter of sorting it all out. Skiffle, stars, and 3-D A postwar baby, Brian May was born July 19, 1947. In his boyhood home on Walsham Road in Feltham on the western side of Lon- science don, England, he was an only child, the offspring of Harold, an electronics engineer and senior draftsman at the Ministry of Avia- tion, and Ruth. (Harold had served as a radio operator during World War II.) The seeds for all of May’s enduring interests came early: At age 6, Brian learned a few chords on the ukulele from his father, who was a music enthusiast. A year later, he awoke one morning to find a “Spanish guitar hanging off the end of my bed.” and At age 7, he commenced piano lessons and began playing guitar with enthusiasm, and his father’s engineering genius came in handy to fix up and repair equipment, as the family had what some called a modest income. -
ADSUG Charter, Membership, Terms
ADS Users Group Welcome Kathy Flanagan STScI ADS Users Group Meeting - 11/2/2017 Membership ● Kathy Flanagan (chair) ● Carrie Anderson (NASA/GSFC Astrochemistry Lab) ● Roc Cutri (IPAC, Caltech) ● Ruth Kneale (NSO) / Line Nybakk Akerholt (U. Oslo) ● Chris Lintott (U. Oxford / Zooniverse) ● Sandy Payette / Erick Peirson (Cornell U. Library, arXiv) ● Josh Peek (STScI) ● Matthew Turk (iSchool at UIUC) ● Jake VanderPlas (U. Washington eScience Institute) ● Michael Wise (Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy) New Members Line Nybakk Akerholt, head Librarian, Science Library, U. Oslo. Line holds a MS in Library and Information Science from U. Oslo, where she is responsible for the library's collections in astronomy and astrophysics, and the Science library's collection in library and information science. Erick Peirson, lead system architect, arXiv-NG. Erick holds a PhD from Arizona State University (ASU) where he was a founding member of the Digital Innovation Group that explores the intersections of science and society in the digital age. 2015 SR Recommendation “The panel recommends that ADS sets up a user group, comprised of a representative user community including a member of the NASA archive community that provides guidance to ADS on: 1. Annual operations/development plans 2. Prioritization of new tools and infrastructure improvements 3. Applicability to science 4. Access to data” Charter The ADS Users Group (ADSUG) advises the ADS on the operations of the project, and recommends changes and improvements to both its services and procedures in order to maximize the scientific productivity of the community it serves. The ADSUG will advocate for the user community and provide suggestions regarding content curation, technical infrastructure, management, and priority setting. -
Reversed out (White) Reversed
Berkeley rev.( white) Berkeley rev.( FALL 2014 reversed out (white) reversed IN THIS ISSUE Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women into Physics ALUMNI NEWS AND MORE! Cover: The MAVEN satellite mission uses instrumentation developed at UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory to explore the physics behind the loss of the Martian atmosphere. It’s a continuation of Berkeley astrophysicist Robert Lin’s pioneering work in solar physics. See p 7. photo credit: Lockheed Martin Physics at Berkeley 2014 Published annually by the Department of Physics Steven Boggs: Chair Anil More: Director of Administration Maria Hjelm: Director of Development, College of Letters and Science Devi Mathieu: Editor, Principal Writer Meg Coughlin: Design Additional assistance provided by Sarah Wittmer, Sylvie Mehner and Susan Houghton Department of Physics 366 LeConte Hall #7300 University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 Copyright 2014 by The Regents of the University of California FEATURES 4 12 18 Berkeley’s Space Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women Sciences Laboratory BERKELEY THEORISTS INVENT into Physics NEW WAYS TO SEARCH FOR GOING ON SIX DECADES UC BERKELEY HOSTS THE 2014 NEW PHYSICS OF EDUCATION AND SPACE WEST COAST CONFERENCE EXPLORATION Berkeley theoretical physicists Ashvin FOR UNDERGRADUATE WOMEN Vishwanath and Surjeet Rajendran IN PHYSICS Since the Space Lab’s inception are developing new, small-scale in 1959, Berkeley physicists have Women physics students from low-energy approaches to questions played important roles in many California, Oregon, Washington, usually associated with large-scale of the nation’s space-based scientific Alaska, and Hawaii gathered on high-energy particle experiments. -
Morphology in the Era of Large Surveys
Haverford College Haverford Scholarship Faculty Publications Astronomy 2013 Morphology in the Era of Large Surveys Karen Masters Haverford College, [email protected] Chris J. Lintott Brooke Simmons Steven Bamford Sugata Kaviraj Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.haverford.edu/astronomy_facpubs Repository Citation Masters, K.; et al. ( 2013) " Morphology in the Era of Large Surveys." Astronomy & Geophysics, 54(5):5.16-5.19. This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Astronomy at Haverford Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Haverford Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LINTOTT, MASTERS: MEETING REPORT LINTOTT, MASTERS: MEETING REPORT Morphology in the era of large surveys he study of galaxies has changed dra- 1 matically over the past few decades with Tthe advent of large-scale astronomical surveys. These large collaborative efforts have made available high-quality imaging and spec- troscopy of hundreds of thousands of systems, providing a body of observations which has significantly enhanced our understanding not only of cosmology and large-scale structure in the universe but also of the astrophysics of gal- axy formation and evolution. Throughout these changes, one thing that has remained constant is the role of galaxy morphology as a clue to understanding galaxies. But obtaining morphol- ogies for large numbers of galaxies is challeng- ing; this topic, “Morphology in the era of large surveys”, was the subject of a recent discussion meeting at the Royal Astronomical Society. Morphology has been recognized as an impor- tant tool in categorizing and characterizing gal- axies for more than a century, dating back to the early work of Hubble and others. -
Kavli Royal Society International Centre Achieving Excellence
Autumn 2011 Autumn science inside Kavli Royal Society International Centre The Society’s second home is open for business and inspiring new ideas Achieving excellence The Society announces the winners of its 2011 medals, awards and prizes Fundraising news Throughout its history, gifts from Fellows and friends have helped the Royal Society to maintain a degree of financial independence and react quickly to immediate challenges. From its earliest legacy gift of £400 from John Wilkins in 1675, to the success of the £100 million 350th Anniversary Campaign, gifts and legacies from Fellows and friends have built the Society’s endowment and helped maintain its independence. Many of the Message from the Society’s core activities such as prize lectures, discussion meetings, independent policy advice, prizes and research grants would not have been Executive Director possible without such gifts. Your support will help maintain the Society’s outstanding work and allow future generations of scientists to make their own The Society marks its anniversary each year on Anniversary Day history at the Royal Society. in November and this is a good opportunity to reflect on the year’s achievements. It is also when the Society formally recognises the For more information about regular giving to the contribution of excellent scientists, several of whom tell us about Society or remembering us in your will, please the importance of these awards in this issue. contact Alison Pemberton on 020 7451 2666 or email [email protected] Our Charter says that the Society should work towards “extending the boundaries of the arts and sciences” with the result that “such studies may shine conspicuously You can also make a gift online at among the people”. -
The Observatory Founded in 1877 by Sir William Christie, Astronomer Royal
The Observatory Founded in 1877 by Sir William Christie, Astronomer Royal EditEd by D. J. SticklanD R. W. ARgyle S. J. Fossey eDitors 1877–2013 W. H. m. Christie 1877–1882 P. J. d. Gething 1954–1956 E. W. maunder 1881–1887 d. W. dewhirst 1956–1957 A. m. W. downing 1885–1887 A. Hewish 1957–1961 t. lewis 1885–1887 W. R. Hindmarsh 1957–1961 and 1893–1912 b. E. J. Pagel 1961–1962 A. A. Common 1888–1892 J. E. baldwin 1961–1962 H. H. turner 1888–1897 d. mcNally 1961–1963 H. P. Hollis 1893–1912 C. A. murray 1961–1966 S. Chapman 1913–1914 P. A. Wayman 1962–1964 A. S. Eddington 1913–1919 R. V. Willstrop 1963–1966 F. J. m. Stratton 1913–1925 R. F. Griffin 1963–1985 H. Spencer Jones 1915–1923 J. b. Alexander 1964–1965 J. Jackson 1920–1927 S. V. m. Clube 1965–1966 W. m. H. Greaves 1924–1932 K. b. Gebbie 1966–1968 J. A. Carroll 1926–1931 W. Nicholson 1966–1973 G. merton 1928 d. lynden-bell 1967–1969 W. H. Steavenson 1929–1933 C. Jordan 1968–1973 H. W. Newton 1929–1936 R. G. bingham 1969–1972 R. o. Redman 1932–1935 m. V. Penston 1972–1975 R. v. d. R. Woolley 1933–1939 S. J. burnell 1973–1976 W. H. mcCrea 1935–1937 d. H. P. Jones 1973–1977 H. F. Finch 1936–1947 P. J. Andrews 1975–1983 A. d. thackeray 1938–1942 G. G. Pooley 1976–1984 G. C. mcVittie 1938–1948 R. -
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Jocelyn Bell Burnell President of the Royal Astronomical Society 2002 to 2004 President of the Institute of Physics 2008 to 2010 Elected Pro-Chancellor of the University of Dublin 2013 Elected President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 2014 B.S University of Glasgow (1965) Ph.D., Radio Astronomy, University of Cambridge (1968) Biography Jocelyn Bell Burnell was born in 1943 in Northern Ireland to Allison and Phillip Bell. She discovered her passion for astronomy early in life through books. At Lurgan College, she began her higher education but was restricted from studying science due to her gender. At the time, women were not allowed to study science at the school. Her parents were committed to the education of their daughter so when Jocelyn was unable to pass the entrance examine for continuing education her parents sent her to a Quaker boarding school. At the age of 22, she graduated from the University of Glasgow with a degree in Physics and then went on to earn her doctorate at the University of Cambridge. Presently she is working as a visiting Professor or Astrophysics at the University of Oxford. Research Jocelyn Bell Brunell’s groundbreaking research began during her time at Cambridge. She was involved in the development of a radio telescope to track quasars and after its completion became the telescope operator in charge of analyzing data collected. It was during this time that she discovered an anomaly in the data, which led her to the discovery of pulsars. This discovery lead to the 1974 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to the lead researcher Antony Hewish along with Marti Ryle.