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Rigorózní Práce Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav jazykovědy a baltistiky Rigorózní práce 2019 Mgr. et Mgr. Monika Machalová Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav jazykovědy a baltistiky Obecná jazykověda Mgr. et Mgr. Monika Machalová Názvy strunných hudebních nástrojů v češtině Rigorózní práce 2019 2 Prohlašuji, že jsem rigorózní práci zpracovala samostatně a s využitím uvedené literatury a pramenů. V Brně dne 19. srpna 2019 ………………………………………………… 3 OBSAH Úvod ...................................................................................................................... 7 Definice strunných nástrojů ............................................................................. 10 DRNKACÍ (TRSACÍ) NÁSTROJE ................................................................. 10 Angelika ........................................................................................................................... 11 Balalajka ........................................................................................................................... 12 Banjo ................................................................................................................................ 14 Cetera ............................................................................................................................... 16 Cistra (cistre) .................................................................................................................... 18 Citera ................................................................................................................................ 21 Chitarrone ......................................................................................................................... 25 Crwth ................................................................................................................................ 26 Desetistrun ........................................................................................................................ 28 Harfa ................................................................................................................................. 29 Kobza ............................................................................................................................... 39 Křídlo (ala) ....................................................................................................................... 43 Kvinterna .......................................................................................................................... 47 Kytara ............................................................................................................................... 49 Liuto tiorbato .................................................................................................................... 55 Loutna ............................................................................................................................... 56 Hudební luk ...................................................................................................................... 60 Lyra .................................................................................................................................. 62 Mandolína ......................................................................................................................... 66 Mandora ........................................................................................................................... 69 Monochord ....................................................................................................................... 70 Pandurina .......................................................................................................................... 72 Psalterium ......................................................................................................................... 72 Slavník .............................................................................................................................. 72 Rota .................................................................................................................................. 73 Ručnice ............................................................................................................................. 74 Sitár .................................................................................................................................. 75 4 Theorba ............................................................................................................................. 76 Varyto ............................................................................................................................... 77 Ukulele ............................................................................................................................. 79 Žaltář ................................................................................................................................ 81 SMYČCOVÉ NÁSTROJE ............................................................................... 84 Baset ................................................................................................................................. 84 Fidula ................................................................................................................................ 86 Housle ............................................................................................................................... 88 Kontrabas ......................................................................................................................... 95 Lira (da braccio) ............................................................................................................. 100 Ozembouch ..................................................................................................................... 102 Pochette .......................................................................................................................... 104 Rebec (rebeka, rubeba, rybebka) .................................................................................... 105 Trumšajt (tromba marina) .............................................................................................. 108 Hudební tyč .................................................................................................................... 110 Viola ............................................................................................................................... 113 Violoncello ..................................................................................................................... 122 KOLOVÉ (MECHANIZOVANÉ) NÁSTROJE .......................................... 126 Niněra ............................................................................................................................. 126 ÚDERNÉ NÁSTROJE .................................................................................... 136 KLADÍVKOVÉ NÁSTROJE ............................................................................................ 136 Cembalo (klavicembalo, clavicembalo), spinet, virginal, clavecin ................................ 136 Klavichord (clavichord) ................................................................................................. 142 Klavír (piano) ................................................................................................................. 144 PALIČKOVÉ NÁSTROJE ................................................................................................ 151 Cimbál ............................................................................................................................ 151 Mezi chordofonem a membranofonem – bukač .................................................................... 157 Závěr ................................................................................................................. 161 Seznam literatury se zkratkami citovaných pramenů ................................. 163 Internetové zdroje ........................................................................................... 166 5 Seznam zkratek ................................................................................................ 168 Seznam vyobrazení .......................................................................................... 170 Rejstřík ………………………………………………………………………174 Anotace ............................................................................................................. 178 Anotation .......................................................................................................... 178 6 ÚVOD Problematice hudebních nástrojů, zejména pak jejich názvů, se věnuji již několik let – od doby počátků vzniku mé bakalářské diplomové práce. Základním důvodem volby těchto témat závěrečných prací byla možnost propojení dvou mých studijních oborů – bohemistiky a muzikologie. Předkládaná rigorózní práce Názvy strunných hudebních nástrojů v češtině tedy navazuje na mé diplomové práce – bakalářskou, Názvy bicích hudebních nástrojů v češtině, a magisterskou, Názvy dechových hudebních nástrojů v češtině. Přínosem těchto prací bylo zejména zpracování názvů hudebních nástrojů, které se v českých výkladových slovnících nevyskytují. Práce byly velmi kladně hodnoceny jejich oponentem prof. RNDr. Václavem Blažkem, CSc. Hudebním nástrojům a jejich termínům jsem se věnovala rovněž ve svých oborových pracích muzikologických. Tyto práce jsem
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