ASN Summer 2019 Issue

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

ASN Summer 2019 Issue UTISM PECTRUM EWS A YOUR TRUSTEDS SOURCE OF SCIENCE-BASED AUTISM EDUCATION,N SUMMER 2019 INFORMATION, ADVOCACY, AND COMMUNITY RESOURCES VOL. 12 NO. 1 Supporting Older Adults with Autism By Karen Parenti, MS, PsyD challenges that older adults with autism and Maggie Haag, MEd, BCBA, LSW face including, but not limited to: social Melmark PA isolation, communication challenges, fi- nancial problems, not enough support with personal care, lack of employment options, utism is a lifelong diagnosis, inadequate health care, lack of housing and and as adults with autism age, lack of advocacy. many of the medical, physical, Aand mental changes they face Residential Model for are similar to those of typically aging Older Adults with Autism adults. As adults with autism get older, it is extremely important for family members One way to support older adults with au- and/or professionals working with these tism is by living in residential community individuals to understand the aging pro- homes where care is provided consistently cess. If professionals and family members and regularly by qualified direct support learn as much as they can about both the professionals, along with a team of other person they support and what to expect as professionals. All older adults with Autism that person grows older, they will be bet- do not require this level of care. However, ter equipped to notice any subtle behavior many older adults need this level of support or physical changes which may alert them to navigate their environments and reach that new interventions are necessary. It is their maximum potential. This article high- important to note that changing physical lights how one residential provider offers needs may require home modifications; ongoing support to older adults with autism. changing healthcare needs may require autism spectrum. According to Mukaeto- vided care for an adult with autism. The As adults with autism age, their group more specialized care; and changing psy- va-Ladinska & Stuart-Hamilton (2015), authors found these participants to be homes or living environments may need to chiatric and neurological needs, such as de- there continues to be much discussion deeply worried about the long-term care be modified or adapted to their changing mentia, may require constant monitoring. about the limited research available on and management of autism in regards to needs. Needed environmental modifica- Life expectancy rates are increasing in older adults with autism. In this study, re- aging, especially in relation to long-term tions can sometimes be overlooked for the United States, and that is no different searchers interviewed 45 adults who were support in their communities. Additional- for many individuals diagnosed on the either diagnosed with Autism or who pro- ly, the researchers identified a number of see Supporting on page 10 An Autism Spectrum News Interview with Temple Grandin By David H. Minot, BA Schizophrenia the Steep Price of the Hu- Publisher man Brain? This article basically says the Autism Spectrum News same genes that make our brains big also are involved in autism and schizophrenia. With autism, you get extra growth in the emple Grandin has been at the back of the brain, which might account forefront of autism awareness for for art, math or music skills, but that then the past 50 years. She has seen au- short-changes the social circuits. That pa- Ttism unfold from an unknown to a per was a mind-blower to me. Some other much better recognized diagnosis, yet she interesting studies that have surprised me is keenly aware that gaps in understanding scientifically, Solitary Mammals Provide and unfulfilled priorities remain. This is- an Animal Model for Autism Spectrum sue of Autism Spectrum News is themed Disorders. When you look at animals, “Supporting Older Adults,” and so, appro- some are more social than others. For ex- priately Temple shares her unique perspec- ample, in the big cats, lions are more social tives as an autistic woman, now in her 70s. than panthers. One of the things I talk a lot about to the public is that autism in its mild What has surprised you the most over forms may be just part of biological vari- the years regarding autism awareness ation. Look at Silicon Valley, it is run by and scientific research? people on the mild end of the autism spec- trum running fortune 500 companies! Awareness has improved, but I’m con- cerned about the many young people who Dr. Temple Grandin You wouldn’t have achieved the level of come up to me and say that all they want success in your career without the moti- to do is to become autism activists. For me, primary identity is career. Where people be aware, but I’m seeing too many smart vation your mother gave you, pushing you career is my primary identity and autism make autism their primary identity, I’m kids become too focused on the label. to try new things and discover the world. is a secondary identity. I wouldn’t want concerned. If I had diabetes, I wouldn’t A recent scientific article surprised me: to change, I like the way I think but my make that my primary identity. It’s good to Genomic Trade-Offs: Are Autism and see Temple Grandin on page 12 PERMIT NO. 137 NO. PERMIT Effort, PA 18330 PA Effort, MONROE, CT MONROE, 460 Cascade Drive Cascade 460 U.S. POSTAGE PAID POSTAGE U.S. Mental Health News Education, Inc. Education, News Health Mental ORGANIZATION NON PROFIT NON PAGE 2 AutismSpectrumNews.org AUTISM SPECTRUM NEWS ~ SUMMER 2019 Mental Health News Education Autism Spectrum News Board of Directors Editorial Board Chair Cindy Alterson, PhD, BCBA, Principal of Devereux NY CARES Clinical Director, Devereux Advanced Behavioral Health-New York Debbie Pantin, MSW, MS-HCM, President and CEO Outreach Joel Bregman, MD, Psychiatrist Vice-Chair United Community & Family Services Rachel A. Fernbach, Esq, Deputy Director and Assistant Joseph D. Buxbaum, PhD, Director General Counsel, New York State Psychiatric Association Seaver Autism Center - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Secretary Susan Cortilet-Jones, MS, LMHC, Integrative Wellness Coach for Adults Yvette Brissett-André, MPA, Executive Director and CEO Discovering Your World, Corp. Unique People Services Stephen E. Freeman, LCSW Treasurer The Freeman Group Kimberly Williams, MSSW, President and CEO Vibrant Emotional Health Lynda Geller, PhD, Founder, Spectrum Services A Cooperative of Independent Practices & Organizations, New York, NY Members of The Board Anita Appel, LCSW, Senior Health Care Consultant Michael Gilberg, Esq. Sachs Policy Group Special Education Attorney, NY/CT Peter D. Beitchman, DSW, LMSW, Principal Ami Klin, PhD, Director Behavioral Health Consultation Marcus Autism Center Constance Y. Brown-Bellamy, MPA, President and CEO Harold S. Koplewicz, MD, President Brown Bell Consulting Child Mind Institute Jonathan P. Edwards, LCSW, ACSW, M. Phil., Program Consultant New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Cecelia M. McCarton, MD, Founder and Executive Director The McCarton Foundation, The McCarton School (for Autism) Roy Kearse LCSW, CASAC, VP Recovery Services & Community Partnerships Samaritan Village Judith R. Omidvaran Autism Parent Advocate, New York Matthew Loper, CEO Wellth Theresa Pirraglia, Co-Founder and Board Member FECA, The Foundation for Empowering Citizens with Autism Barry B. Perlman, MD, Past President New York State Psychiatric Association Howard Savin, PhD, Chief Clinical Officer Jorge R. Petit, MD, CEO First Children Services Coordinated Behavioral Care (CBC) Pat Schissel, LMSW, New York Director Keri Primack, CFP, Senior Financial Advisor, SVP Asperger/Autism Network (AANE) Gerstein Fisher Alison Singer, President Joshua Rubin, MPP, Principal Autism Science Foundation Health Management Associates Founding Chairman Fred Volkmar, MD, Professor Yale Child Study Center Alan B. Siskind, PhD, LCSW Linda J. Walder, Esq. Founder and Executive Director Executive Staff The Daniel Jordan Fiddle Foundation Ira H. Minot, LMSW, Founder and Executive Director Dianne Zager, PhD, Head of School David H. Minot, BA, Associate Director and Publisher Shrub Oak International School Autism Spectrum News is a Quarterly Print and Online Publication of Mental Health News Education, Inc, a 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Organization All inquiries regarding advertising, subscriptions, sponsorships, and submitting an article should be directed to: David H. Minot, BA, Publisher Vincent Dante-Maniglia - Publishing Intern, Shrub Oak International School (978) 733-4481 • [email protected] • 460 Cascade Drive, Effort, PA 18330 • AutismSpectrumNews.org Mental Health News Education, Inc. does not endorse the views, products, or services contained herein. We are not responsible for omissions or errors. Mental Health News Education, Inc. is not responsible for articles submitted to us without the final approval of the organization’s Executive Director, CEO, or Public Relations Department. All articles and Advertisements are subject to final approval by our Editorial Board. We reserve the right to edit any article sent to us. Copyright © 2019 Mental Health News Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Content contained in this publication may be reproduced for one-time personal use. However, anyone wishing to reproduce and distribute any content from within this publication for purposes other than personal use must request this intention in writing directly to the publisher. Failure to do so will be in violation of the copyright held by this publication. AUTISM SPECTRUM NEWS ~ SUMMER 2019 AutismSpectrumNews.org
Recommended publications
  • Better Models for Brain Disease NEWS FEATURE Traditional Animal Models Have Had Limited Success Mimicking Mental Illnesses
    NEWS FEATURE Better models for brain disease NEWS FEATURE Traditional animal models have had limited success mimicking mental illnesses. Emerging technologies offer the potential for a major model upgrade. Helen H. Shen, Science Writer Starting with just a tiny chunk of skin, neuroscientist Flora Vaccarino tries to unlock mysteries hidden inside the brains of people with autism. By introducing certain genes to the skin cells, the Yale University School of Medicine researcher reprograms them to an embryo-like state, turning them into induced plu- ripotent stem cells (iPSCs); and with two more months of nurturing and tinkering, Vaccarino can guide the cells to develop into small balls of neural tissue akin to miniature human brains. Less than two millimeters across, these “cerebral organoids” don’t look or work exactly like full brains. But they contain many of the same cell types and un- dergo some of the same key developmental pro- cesses as fetal brains. Also key, the cells perfectly match the genetic makeup of the adults and children with autism who donated the original skin samples, allowing Vaccarino’s team to track the very beginnings of their disorder. Human brain tissue usually can’t be collected and studied until after death, and by then, it can be too late to glean important insights. “You don’t get to see the same person’s cells progressing through a series of steps and time points, like we do with these organo- ids,” Vaccarino explains. “The organoids are a very powerful system. You can actually change things and see what the outcome is going to be.” Neurons such as these, derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells of a Parkinson’s Predicting outcomes and, crucially, developing disease patient, are on the forefront of efforts to improve models for brain disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Gill-Chronicles.Pdf
    “This is a story about how a compelling theme atracts world-class scientists.” JACK GILL D THE LINDA AND JACK GILL CENTER FOR BIOMOLECUlAR SCIIEN:CE COLLEGE OF ARTS+ SCIEttCES ADDICTION NEURODEGENERATION CENTER for ALS NEURODEVELOPMENT BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCE CHRONICLES, ALZHEIMER’S OBESITY DIRECTOR AND GILL CHAIR GILL CHAIR ANXIETY PAIN Hui-Chen Lu Richard DiMarchi The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Science Indiana University Bloomington AUTISM PARKINSON’S Multidisciplinary Science Building II 702 North Walnut Grove Avenue Bloomington, IN 47405 GILL CHAIR GILL CHAIR CONTACT: Andrea Hohmann Ken Mackie IMMUNE FUNCTION PTSD Phone: 812-856-1930 Fax: 812-856-1359 gillcenter.indiana.edu WRITING INFLAMMATION SCHIZOPHRENIA Elisabeth Andrews GRAPHIC DESIGN GILL CHAIR GILL SCHOLAR Kaye Lee Johnston Dan Tracey Cary Lai PHOTOGRAPHY ITCH SOMATOSENSATION Anna Power Teeter Maximillian Tortoriello Ann Schertz Courtesy Photos MEMORY STRESS COVER IMAGE PROGRAM ADMINISTRATIVE Stephanie Mauthner & MANAGER ASSISTANT Katherine Fisher (Tracey Lab) Trisha Turner Jana England METABOLISM TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 1 A MESSAGE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DEAN OF THE IU COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES The Gill Center is a compelling example of what is possible when talented scientists are granted agency to work in community. “To raise new As a synergistic team of neuroscientists, they are questions, new able to combine their knowledge, creativity, and skill to venture far beyond the boundaries of what is possibilities, to known, and return with new insights into the nervous system that could only be found through collective regard old problems effort. Their life-enhancing discoveries belong to all of us, and their wonder, persistence, and desire to create from a new angle, a better world reflect the better angels of our nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Signature Redacted Thesis Supervisor Certified By
    Single-Cell Transcriptomics of the Mouse Thalamic Reticular Nucleus by Taibo Li S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2015) Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2017 @ Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2017. All rights reserved. A uthor ... ..................... Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science May 25, 2017 Certified by. 3ignature redacted Guoping Feng Poitras Professor of Neuroscience, MIT Signature redacted Thesis Supervisor Certified by... Kasper Lage Assistant Professor, Harvard Medical School Thesis Supervisor Accepted by . Signature redacted Christopher Terman Chairman, Masters of Engineering Thesis Committee MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE 0) OF TECHNOLOGY w AUG 14 2017 LIBRARIES 2 Single-Cell Transcriptomics of the Mouse Thalamic Reticular Nucleus by Taibo Li Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science on May 25, 2017, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abstract The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is strategically located at the interface between the cortex and the thalamus, and plays a key role in regulating thalamo-cortical in- teractions. Current understanding of TRN neurobiology has been limited due to the lack of a comprehensive survey of TRN heterogeneity. In this thesis, I developed an integrative computational framework to analyze the single-nucleus RNA sequencing data of mouse TRN in a data-driven manner. By combining transcriptomic, genetic, and functional proteomic data, I discovered novel insights into the molecular mecha- nisms through which TRN regulates sensory gating, and suggested targeted follow-up experiments to validate these findings.
    [Show full text]
  • Dichotomous Parvalbumin Interneuron Populations in Dorsolateral and Dorsomedial Striatum
    Dichotomous parvalbumin interneuron populations in dorsolateral and dorsomedial striatum The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Monteiro, Patricia et al. "Dichotomous parvalbumin interneuron populations in dorsolateral and dorsomedial striatum." Journal of Physiology (August 2018): 3695-3707 © 2018 The Authors and The Physiological Society As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jp275936 Publisher Wiley Version Author's final manuscript Citable link https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126428 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ DOI: 10.1113/JP275936 Dichotomous parvalbumin interneuron populations in dorsolateral and dorsomedial striatum Patricia Monteiro 1,2,3,4, Boaz Barak1, Yang Zhou1, Rebecca McRae1, Diana Rodrigues4, Ian R. Wickersham1 and Guoping Feng1,2 1McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA, 02139; USA 2Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA, 02139; USA 3PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; University of Coimbra; Coimbra, 3004; Portugal 4Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho and ICVS/3B‟s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710–057; Portugal Conflict of Interest: the
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Consequences of Mutations in Postsynaptic Scaffolding Proteins and Relevance to Psychiatric Disorders
    NE35CH03-Ting ARI 12 May 2012 21:39 Functional Consequences of Mutations in Postsynaptic Scaffolding Proteins and Relevance to Psychiatric Disorders Jonathan T. Ting,1,2,∗ Joao˜ Pec¸a,1,∗ and Guoping Feng1,3 1McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142 Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2012. 35:49–71 Keywords First published online as a Review in Advance on PSD95, AKAP, SAPAP, Shank, Homer, psychiatric disorders April 20, 2012 The Annual Review of Neuroscience is online at Abstract neuro.annualreviews.org Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2012.35:49-71. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Functional studies on postsynaptic scaffolding proteins at excitatory This article’s doi: synapses have revealed a plethora of important roles for synaptic struc- 10.1146/annurev-neuro-062111-150442 ture and function. In addition, a convergence of recent in vivo func- Access provided by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on 06/29/17. For personal use only. Copyright c 2012 by Annual Reviews. tional evidence together with human genetics data strongly suggest that All rights reserved mutations in a variety of these postsynaptic scaffolding proteins may 0147-006X/12/0721-0049$20.00 contribute to the etiology of diverse human psychiatric disorders such ∗These authors contributed equally as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. Here we review the most recent evidence for several key postsynaptic scaffolding protein families and explore how mouse ge- netics and human genetics have intersected to advance our knowledge concerning the contributions of these important players to complex brain function and dysfunction.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Annual Report
    BRAIN & BEHAVIOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION 2019 ANNUAL REPORT Awarding research grants to develop improved treatments, cures, and methods of prevention for mental illness. BBRF is the world’s largest private funder of mental health research grants, supporting transformative discoveries in order to develop improved treatments, cures, and methods of prevention for our loved ones. CONTENTS Mission 4 BBRF Events 28 Leadership Letter 6 The Research Partners Program 42 Important Advancements 8 Team Up for Research 50 BBRF Scientific Council 12 2019 Donor Listing 52 2019 Leading Research Achievements 14 Getting the Word Out 76 BBRF Grants 18 Financial Summary 78 2019 Grants by Illness 20 The Research We Fund We invest in innovative research because we believe that only by pursuing the boldest and most ambitious ideas will we find better treatments, cures, and methods of prevention for mental illness. We are at the Forefront of Critical Discoveries Since 1987, the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded more than $408 million in grants that have led to discoveries that change the way we think about recovery. BBRF-funded research has contributed to: • FDA approval of the first rapid-acting antidepressants (esketamine and brexanalone) to alleviate severe depression symptoms within hours. • Dietary supplements for pregnant women to potentially help prevent subsequent mental illness in the child. • Development of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and continued improvement of TMS and other non-invasive brain stimulation treatments for treatment-resistant depression and obsessive compulsive disorder. • Computer-guided training for cognitive remediation in people with schizophrenia. MISSION The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation is committed to alleviating the suffering caused by mental illness by awarding grants that will lead to advances and breakthroughs in scientific research.
    [Show full text]
  • A Semi-Automated Software for Myelin G-Ratio Quantification
    Open Source Tools and Methods Novel Tools and Methods MyelTracer: A Semi-Automated Software for Myelin g-Ratio Quantification Tobias Kaiser,1,2,p Harrison Mitchell Allen,1,3,p Ohyoon Kwon,1,2,p Boaz Barak,4 Jing Wang,5 Zhigang He,5 Minqing Jiang,1,2 and Guoping Feng1,2,6 https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0558-20.2021 1McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, 2Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, 4The Sagol School of Neuroscience and The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel, 5F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, and 6Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 Visual Abstract Raw MyelTracer MyelTracer overlay output Output matches manual measurement (semi- 1.0 automated) Manual MyelTracer 0.9 0.8 -ratio g 0.7 0.6 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Axon diameter ( m) In the central and peripheral nervous systems, the myelin sheath promotes neuronal signal transduction. The thickness of the myelin sheath changes during development and in disease conditions like multiple sclerosis. Such changes are routinely detected using electron microscopy through g-ratio quantification. While g-ratio is one of the most critical measurements in myelin studies, a major drawback is that g-ratio quantification is extremely laborious and time-con- suming. Here, we report the development and validation of MyelTracer, an installable, stand-alone software for semi- automated g-ratio quantification based on the Open Computer Vision Library (OpenCV).
    [Show full text]
  • Striatopallidal Dysfunction Underlies Repetitive Behavior in Shank3-Deficient Model of Autism
    Downloaded from http://www.jci.org on June 28, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI87997 RESEARCH ARTICLE The Journal of Clinical Investigation Striatopallidal dysfunction underlies repetitive behavior in Shank3-deficient model of autism Wenting Wang,1,2 Chenchen Li,2,3 Qian Chen,2 Marie-Sophie van der Goes,2 James Hawrot,2,3 Annie Y. Yao,2,3 Xian Gao,2,4 Congyi Lu,2 Ying Zang,3,5 Qiangge Zhang,2 Katherine Lyman,3 Dongqing Wang,2 Baolin Guo,1 Shengxi Wu,1 Charles R. Gerfen,6 Zhanyan Fu,2,3 and Guoping Feng 2,3 1Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China. 2McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. 3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. 4Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality), Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. 5Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, China. 6Laboratory of System Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA. The postsynaptic scaffolding protein SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 (SHANK3) is critical for the development and function of glutamatergic synapses. Disruption of the SHANK3-encoding gene has been strongly implicated as a monogenic cause of autism, and Shank3 mutant mice show repetitive grooming and social interaction deficits.
    [Show full text]
  • Snapshot: Autism and the Synapse
    SnapShot: Autism and the Synapse The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Peça, Joao, Jonathan Ting, and Guoping Feng. “SnapShot: Autism and the Synapse.” Cell 147, no. 3 (October 2011): 706–706.e1. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.015 Publisher Elsevier Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95815 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. 706 Cell SnapShot: Autism and the Synapse 147 João Peça,1 Jonathan Ting,1 and Guoping Feng1 , October 28,2011©2011 ElsevierInc. DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.015 1McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Gene/Protein Locus Evidence PROSAP2/ Shank3 GATT_ACA 22q13 GATT_ACA Schizophrenia Phelan-McDermid + syndrome ( ( PROSAP1/ GATT_ACA Shank2 11q13 Neurexin Neuroligin DLG1/SAP97 Autism and 3q39 deletion 3q29 + Schizophrenia GRIK2 syndrome schizophrenia NMDA-R Kainate-R ( ( A/Tcgg A/Tcgg cgattacatactta cgattacatactta AMPA-R acattcgaG/Tatcga acattcgaG/Tatcga DLG4/ gccgagattacacttt gccgagattacacttt 17p13 acattcgataaaatta + acattcgataaaatta Schizophrenia PSD95 PSD95 tgtatgagacca tgtatgagacca Group I POSTSYNAPTIC T/Aata T/Aata SAPAP mGluR DENSITY SAP97 ( ( DLGAP2/ 8p23 + Schizophrenia Shank SAPAP2 Homer Actin ( ( A/Tcgg Actinin cgattacatactta Actin acattcgaG/Tatcga
    [Show full text]
  • Duke University Dissertation Template
    The Role of Dysfunctional Subcortical Circuitry in Mouse Models of Developmental Disability by Michael F. Wells Department of Neurobiology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Guoping Feng, Supervisor ___________________________ Marc Caron ___________________________ James McNamara ___________________________ Anne West, Chair Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Neurobiology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2015 ABSTRACT The Role of Dysfunctional Subcortical Circuitry in Mouse Models of Developmental Disability by Michael F. Wells Department of Neurobiology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Guoping Feng, Supervisor ___________________________ Marc Caron ___________________________ James McNamara ___________________________ Anne West, Chair Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Neurobiology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2015 Copyright by Michael F. Wells 2015 Abstract Developmental disabilities, including intellectual disability (ID), attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), affect approximately 1 in 6 children in the United States. Attempts to produce treatment for developmental disabilities have been hampered by our current lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016-2017 Iacc Strategic Plan for Autism Spectrum Disorder
    2016-2017 INTERAGENCY AUTISM COORDINATING COMMITTEE strategic plan for autism spectrum disorder 2016-2017 INTERAGENCY AUTISM COORDINATING COMMITTEE strategic plan for autism spectrum disorder 2016-2017 IACC STRATEGIC PLAN FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER COVER DESIGN Medical Arts Branch, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health COPYRIGHT INFORMATION All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied. A suggested citation follows. SUGGESTED CITATION Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC). 2016-2017 Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee Strategic Plan For Autism Spectrum Disorder. October 2017. Retrieved from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee website: https://iacc.hhs.gov/publications/strategic-plan/2017/. II 2016-2017 IACC STRATEGIC PLAN FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER TABLE OF CONTENTS About the IACC................................................................................................................................................................................................... IV Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................V Overview of Progress on Strategic Plan Objectives ................................................................................................................................. IX 2016-2017 Strategic Plan
    [Show full text]
  • Cellular Mechanism of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder By
    Cellular Mechanism of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder by Louis Yunshou Tee Department of Neurobiology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Guoping Feng, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Dona Chikaraishi, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Fan Wang ___________________________ Anne West Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Neurobiology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2015 ABSTRACT Cellular Mechanism of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder by Louis Yunshou Tee Department of Neurobiology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Guoping Feng, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Dona Chikaraishi, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Fan Wang ___________________________ Anne West An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Neurobiology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2015 Copyright by Louis Yunshou Tee 2015 Abstract Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a devastating illness that afflicts around 2% of the world’s population with recurrent distressing thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive ritualistic behaviors (compulsions). While dysfunction at excitatory glutaminergic excitatory synapses leading to hyperactivity of the orbitofrontal cortex and head of the caudate – brain regions involved in reinforcement learning – are implicated in the pathology of OCD, clinical studies in patients are unable to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying this cortico-striatal circuitry defect. Since OCD is highly heritable, recent studies using mutant mouse models have shed light on the cellular pathology mediating OCD symptoms. These studies point toward a crucial role for ∆FosB, a persistent transcription factor that accumulates with chronic neuronal activity and is involved in various diseases of the striatum.
    [Show full text]