Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources “1,000 Riot in L.A. Police and Motorists Attacked.” Los Angeles Times, August 12, 1965. p. 1. This newspaper article provided me with a headline describing the Watts Riots which I used on the “Background” page.

A Boy Named Charlie Brown. Lee Mendelson, Charles M. Schulz Museum, 1963. Lee Mendelson’s documentary provided me with information about Charles Schulz and the “Peanuts” comic strip. This documentary also provided a video clip and a quote which I used on the “Charles Schulz” page.

Armstrong, Robb. Personal Interview. Nov. 20, 2020. My interview with Robb Armstrong, a comic creator and personal friend of Charles Schulz, provided me with a lot of useful information from a perspective of a black child from the time of the introduction of Franklin. It also gave me a look into the comic strip world so I could understand what Schulz was possibly thinking about.

Barrier, Michael. “Charles M. Schulz.” michaelbarrier.com. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Dec. 12, 2020. http://www.michaelbarrier.com/Interviews/Schulz/interview_charles_schulz.htm Michael Barrier’s interview with Charles Schulz provided me with a quote from Charles Schulz which I used on the “Negative Reaction” page.

The Charles M. Schulz Museum. “Harriet Glickman Oral History.” YouTube, Oct. 29, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MtZ3XoFQwI&ab_channel=TheCharlesM.SchulzMuseum The Charles M. Schulz Museum’s documentary provided me with information about who Harriet Glickman was and the introduction of Franklin. This video also provided me with video clips which I used on the “Harriet Glickman” and “Impact Today” pages of my website.

Glickman (Harriet) Papers, SC2002.03, Charles M. Schulz Museum and Research Center, Santa Rosa, California. The Charles M. Schulz Museum’s collection provided me with the letters between Harriet Glickman and Charles Schulz. This collection also provided me with the letters from Ken Kelly and Monica Gunning to Charles Schulz. It also provided me with letters responding to Franklin’s introduction.

“Martin Luther King Slain.” Chicago Tribune, April 5, 1968. p . 1. The Chicago Tribune’s newspaper article provided me with the headline saying Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated which was included on the “Background” page. Moore-MacMillan, Katherine. Personal Interview. Oct. 31, 2020. Katherine Moore-MacMillan, the daughter of Harriet Glickman, shared information about her mother. Katherine Moore-MacMillan provided me with letters between Harriet Glickman and Charles Schulz, and the response letter from Allan Saunders. She also provided me with newspaper articles and photos.

“Negro’s Arrest, $14 Fine May Lead to Court Test on Bus Segregation.” The Morning Call (Allentown, Pennsylvania), Dec. 6, 1955. p. 1. This newspaper article provided me with a headline on bus segregation which was on the “Background” page.

“Segregation Held Unconstitutional.” The Daily Iowan, May 18, 1954. p. 1. This newspaper article provided me with a headline about segregation which I used on the “Background” page.

“The World According to ‘Peanuts.’” TIME Magazine, April 9, 1965. Time magazine gave me information about the “Peanuts” comic strip and what people’s opinions were about the comic strip before Franklin was introduced. This magazine also discussed how much Charles Schulz cared about the “Peanuts” comic strip. It also provided quotes which I used on the “Charles Schulz” page.

Secondary Sources “65 Years Ago Today, Rosa Parks Stood Up for Civil Rights by Sitting Down.” CNN. Last Modified Dec. 1, 2020. Accessed Feb. 15, 2021. https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/01/us/rosa-parks-anniversary-2020-trnd/index.html CNN’s article provided me with a picture of Rosa Parks sitting down on a bus which was used on my “Background” page.

Axelrod, Jim. “The Surprising Story Behind Franklin, the First Black “Peanuts” Character.” CBS News. Last Modified Aug. 2, 2018. Accessed Nov. 18, 2020. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-surprising-story-behind-franklin-the-first-black-peanuts-char acter/ This CBS News article provided background information on how the communication between Harriet Glickman and Charles Schulz led to the introduction of Franklin in the “Peanuts” comic strip. This article also provided me with quotes from Harriet Glickman and Robb Armstrong which I used on the “Positive Reaction” and “Impact Today” pages. Brown, Forrest. “10 places to visit that shaped Martin Luther King Jr.'s march in history.” CNN. Last Modified Jan. 20, 2020. Accessed Nov. 15, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/martin-luther-king-jr-places-to-visit/index.html The CNN website provided me with a picture of Martin Luther King Jr., which is on the “Background” page.

Cooper, Jason. “Peanuts.” Boom Studios. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Nov. 25, 2020. https://www.boom-studios.com/series/peanuts/ The article by Jason Cooper provided me with a picture of the “Peanuts” logo which was used on the “Charles Schulz” page.

Degg, D. D. “Jumpstart’s Robb Armstrong Interviewed.” Daily Cartoonist. Last Modified July 27, 2020. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://www.dailycartoonist.com/index.php/2020/07/27/jumpstarts-robb-armstrong-interviewed/ D. D. Degg’s article provided me with a picture of Robb Armstrong, creator of “Jumpstart” which I used on the “Positive Reaction” page.

Dunlap, Keith. “Quite frankly, ‘Peanuts’ character Franklin had a major cultural impact.” Click 2 Houston. Last Modified Jan. 30, 2020. Accessed Nov. 18, 2020. https://www.click2houston.com/features/2020/01/30/quite-frankly-peanuts-character-franklin-had -a-major-cultural-impact/ The article by Keith Dunlap provided information about how Franklin was introduced to the “Peanuts” comic strip. This article also provided me with multiple perspectives about Franklin which I used on the “Positive Reaction” and “Negative Reaction” pages.

“Franklin.” Pinterest. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed March 31, 2021. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/160370436708186512/ Pinterest provided me with a picture of Franklin Armstrong which is on my “Thesis” page.

Gladwin Gilman, Ntombikayise, and Caroline Waldman. “Five Things You Need to Know About Brown vs. Board.” Alliance for Excellent Education. Last Modified May 16, 2019. Accessed Feb. 15, 2021. https://all4ed.org/five-things-you-need-to-know-about-brown-vs-board/ This website provided me with a picture of a celebration of Brown vs. the Board of Education which is on the “Background” page.

History.com Editors. “Segregation in the United.” History.com. Last Modified May 16, 2019. Accessed Nov. 15, 2020. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/segregation-united-states This website was used for the picture of segregated water fountains included in the “Background” page.

History.com Editors. “Watts Rebellion.” History.com. Last Modified June 24, 2020. Accessed March 31, 2021. https://www.history.com/topics/1960s/watts-riots. This website provided me with a picture of the Watts Riots which is on the “Background” page. Johnson, Chip. “Helping the American Dream Come True for African Americans: Housing: James Robinson defied racism as a realtor and an agent for neighborhood change.” LA Times. Last Modified April 14, 1995. Accessed Nov. 28, 2020. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-04-14-fi-54795-story.html This article by Chip Johnson provided me with information on Ken Kelly. This article also provided me with a quote explaining the racial inequality Ken Kelly experienced which I used on the “Black Perspective” page.

“Jumpstart by Robb Armstrong.” Go Comics. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Dec. 1, 2020. https://www.gocomics.com/jumpstart/2020/08/14 Go Comics provided me with a picture of the Jumpstart comic strip showing police reform which I included on my “Impact Today” page.

Kamp, David. “Guess Who’s Coming to ‘Peanuts.’” New York Times. Last Modified Jan 13, 2018. Accessed Nov. 25, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/13/opinion/sunday/peanuts-franklin-charlie-brown.html This New York Times article provided me with the comic strip of Peppermint Patty and Franklin at school discussing Martin Luther King Jr. which I used on the “Impact Today” page. This website also provided me with the picture of Franklin meeting Linus which is included on my “Home” page.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. “I Have a Dream Address.” The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute. Written Aug. 28, 1963. Accessed Feb. 15, 2021. https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/i-have-dream-address-delivered-march -washington-jobs-and-freedom Stanford’s website provided me with Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech which reflects his goal of equality for all. I quoted part of his speech on my “Background” page.

Nelson, Connie. “'Jump Start,' one of the first comics about Black Americans, comes to the Sunday Star Tribune.” Star Tribune. Last Modified July 27, 2020. Accessed Nov. 21, 2020. https://www.startribune.com/jump-start-one-of-the-first-comics-about-black-americans-comes-to- the-sunday-star-tribune/571922032/#:~:text=Variety-,'Jump%20Start%2C'%20one%20of%20the %20first%20comics%20about%20Black,of%20Joe%20and%20Marcy%20Cobb.&text=Robb%2 0Armstrong%20tackles%20racism%2C%20classism,deftly%20%E2%80%94%20in%20a%20co mic%20strip. The Star Tribune’s article provided me with information about Robb Armstrong and how Charles Schulz and Franklin’s introduction to “Peanuts” affected him. This gave me a reaction to the introduction of Franklin. “On a Roll!: A JumpStart Treasury.” Amazon. Last Modified Oct. 6 , 2020. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://www.amazon.com/Roll-JumpStart-Treasury-Robbin-Armstrong/dp/1524861626 Amazon provided me with a picture of the book “On A Roll! A Jumpstart Treasury,” by Robb Armstrong which I used on my “Positive Reaction” page.

“Peanuts By Charles Schulz.” Go Comics. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://www.gocomics.com/peanuts/1969/11/12 Go Comics provided me with a picture of Franklin and Peppermint Patty in school together which is on my “Negative Reaction” page.

“Peanuts by Charles Schulz for July 31, 1968 | GoComics.com.” Pinterest. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/434808538995584455/ Pinterest provided me with a picture of the first three comic strips Franklin was in which is on my “Result” page.

“'Peanuts' First Black Character Franklin Turns 50.” NPR. Last Modified July 29, 2018. Accessed Nov. 25, 2020. https://www.npr.org/2018/07/29/633544308/peanuts-character-franklin-turns-50 The website by NPR provided me with a picture of the first comic strip Franklin was in which I included on my “Thesis” page. This article also provided me with information about Franklin’s introduction and gave me the perspective of Robb Armstrong. This article described the impact Franklin had on Robb Armstrong and his comic strip “Jumpstart.”

Pfenning, Leah. “New-Found Letters From The Creator Of 'Peanuts' Are Causing A Major Controversy.” Boredom Therapy. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Nov. 15, 2020. https://boredomtherapy.com/peanuts-letter/?as=799&asv=1&nogdprc=1 The article by Leah Pfenning provided me with a picture of Ken Kelly which I included on my “Black Perspective” page.

Schaeffer, Francis. “Francis Schaeffer Analyze Art And Culture Part 74 The Beatles (Part Y, The link between the Beatles’ song HAPPINESS IS A WARM GUN and PEANUTS creator Charles Schulz) (Featured artist is Andrew Wyeth).” The Daily Hatch. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://thedailyhatch.org/tag/charles-schulz/\ The Daily Hatch provided me with a picture of Charles Schulz and Charlie Brown which is on my “Charles Schulz” page.

Slotnik, Daniel. “Harriet Glickman, Who Pushed ‘Peanuts’ to Add a Black Character, Dies at 93.” New York Times. Last Modified Nov. 19, 2020. Accessed Nov. 15, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/03/arts/harriet-glickman-dead-peanuts.html The New York Times provided me with a picture of Harriet Glickman which I used at the top of my “Harriet Glickman” page. This article also provided me with information about Harriet Glickman, her background, and her thoughts about the introduction of Franklin. Thurrott, Drew. “Snoopy School.” Pinterest. Last Modified Unknown. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/17592254780888307/ Pinterest provided me with a picture of Franklin describing all of his activities he is involved in which I used on my “Negative Reaction” page.

USOWomen. No title. Twitter. Last Modified Feb. 13, 2019. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://twitter.com/usowomen/status/1095757157658697728 Twitter provided me with a picture of Barbara Brandon-Croft with some of her characters from her comic strip which I used on the “Positive Reaction” page.

Wong, Kevin. “Franklin Broke Peanuts' Color Barrier In The Least Interesting Way Possible.” Kotaku. Last Modified July 31, 2018. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. https://kotaku.com/franklin-broke-peanuts-color-barrier-in-the-least-inter-1793843085 Kevin Wong’s article provided me with information about Franklin and his personality. It also provided me with the perspective of people against Franklin’s personality. This website also provided me with a picture of the comic strip when Franklin meets Linus which I included on my “Result” page.