pesolJuorraql qlrA\peseelal ere tuql slelrn.qluecsrqepul Sur,lrqvwruuaqluDuals puE DtpuDjd,tt) \uotJ r".]JrpoJeq peJe^oc sarJods eql Jo llV sletourtq. trn{ poJpqseLuos.+o srseq eql uo eEotEurucqgleqlo 's:tDsuetcuJEqo rtlo{ peqsrnBuqsrpoq uu] runllout(JJ pul-Luntptt.ldS lu:rr3o1oqd:our.;o ::qurnu u ur ,aouacsejol]ur reqtouEeuo uo{ raJJrp,{eql olrqld snuei qouo1o lecrd,{tel€ ttrql sed^tlrn.rJ puD le,{og 'sJetf,DjuqJ a^rtEta8a,raql Sur,leqsetceds]|,ntl?luttJpuq uwplJ{ds asoql ,{luo s:e,loo11 .exr1,{1uor_rd eql uo ryo,{\ernlnJ etelllrJl4 ol elqpllB^cJ.lc suorl€llsnliL trql FuunsuJpul],sojnsB?ur uoqu,\lesuo.Io ,Dxpt peeuu! eq ot ^lo)irllsoro ell? uxEt qcrqn Buqucrpur ^\ouaql Sulqursoppur 3uluuu 1o surweql ',{lrurIIE qtr,r lr:eue8 reeyc;o sercedsacerrurueqg e(uosqtr,{\ sleepredud srqt ,eulquceuIeql uI

'peqsrlqplse Jeltaquoeq el€q seuDpunoqclrauei eql Irlun pe,{Dlepeq llr,r auetreuLuEqU .s,{eI urrleJtsnv ulelsaiN eql lle.roJ uonDulrolurleqlo ptru sduni uoqnqulsrp Surpr,lo,rd(uortp:edeld 'uorsnJuoc ur e,{U)ledud DJo uorletrrlqndaqt IElnlElrueruouJeqlln+ pro^p oI peztu8ocalBureq 'urnuuqreH ureuoS,rauleJe^es ur 11nse:{uu'(errequuJ iEuorlDNuErpltsnv) tsaL1 ,(pnl puee1arq1 'ar1u.r1sny ut,ro; ,{q ualugepun Suraq,(puese'td tnoqino:ql eua.€ulrruqgJoJ souppunoq cneue8 eql;o uoqpurur?xepelrutop y ereueSSu rlsrxa oql go ,{ueo1u r ,{1rp?altU lou op tcql s?nedseuros Burculd ur 'llpJ sulelqord sDIle,& sp plnoqs€leue8 asoqt Jo sar.rupunoqeq1 ereq,tr o1 su flurcuecun q.ntu sr eJeqJ 'tun1lD1u,ttJpue 'wntpttKdS.slLtapDurod w tuatpuoualg ,DipurJd,(rJrleuo8 aArJeqllo elour lo euo ur 'ogpts 'e^Eq peJrld ueeq eruosl€ Erlujtsnv uJalsel!\uJoqlnos 3o setcedsareceuurEqU oqt.+o )sohtr

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tJErlsqv

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G66t)0 -6t1 :(t)0t DrExnN 120 Nuytsia Vol. 10, No. I (1995)

seedwhen the schizocarpdehisces, and they differ from Pomaderris in lacking a window on each fruitlet. In WesternAustralia, there are 15 such speciesin Spyridium and 7l inTrymalium. Most of thesetaxa are listed in this taxonomic beatment and the remainderare mentionedin relation to the listed species,exceptfor Spyridium tricolor W.R.Barker & Rye, which was describedand illustrated in an earlier paper (Barker & Rye 1993).

Materials and methods

Type specimensof Spyridium and Trymalium specieswere boffowed from LD, MEL, P and W and photographsoftypes housedat FI and KW were examined. Apart from these,a1l speoimens cited in this paper were locatedat PERTH. Measurements,habitat infomation, flowering times and other data were obtainedftom herbariumspeciurens and enteredinto a DELTA database.Descfptions werc generatedthrough DELTA, then edited to a form suitable for publication. To avoid unnecessary repetition of charactersin the descriptionsof new taxa, a list of implicit characten was prepared,the individual descriptionsonly mentioningthese characters if they differed from the usual statefound in Western Australian membe$ of their senus.

The conseryationstatus of eachtaxon was assessedbased on the availableherbadum collections and some data from field surveys. Conseryationcodes were assignedaccording to the standards curently being usedby the WesternAustlalian Departmentof Conseryationand Land Management for its Priority Flora List. Definitions of the conseryationcodes are proYided at the end of this Nuytsia lSSUe.

Results for Srvridium Eenzl

Implicit characters

Branchlets not spinescent.Sliprles persistent,free. Zeares open (i.e. not conduplicate),entire, green on uppgr surface. lnflorescencecymos€; bracts blown; flowers sessileor subsessilein close clnsterc. Florql tube adnatefor most of its length but free for a short distancebeyond the summit of the inferior ovary. DiJc glabrous,either forming adm at the summitof the floral tube or of apparently distinct lobes, distinctly lobed or undulatebetween the stamens. Ov4ry 3-celled. Stigmatic lobes3. Fruit a schlzocarp,splitting to releaseentirc 1 seededfruitlets; fruitlets inferior or largely inferior, membranousto chartaceous,white. Seedswith a dark base,uniformly coloured above,seated on a small aril; aril easily detached,succulent, entire (i.e. not lobed).

Spyridium glaucum Rye, sp. tor,.

Bracteaeindumento uniformi pilis brevibus adpressis. Flores pauci. Tubus floralis pilis persistentibus.Lobi disci triangulares.

Typas:Ravensthorpe Range, Western Aushalia, September1919, E.M. Bennetts.n. (holo: PERTH 0rs4239'1).

Shrrb erect or spreading,0.5-1 m high. young stenrJdensely hairy; hairs appressedor antrorse, usually ferruginous at first but becoming white. PetioLes2-4 mm long. Leaf blades usual,\yobovate, I ')sll ,saloods lr ?q ol peleplsuoJlou etqeur,l pue pue.rdsep\^\y .sw)ls uol\D^tasuo)

'('IgI^l) t89I ss?rrd z '0t8l reqotco 'lprlprsnv .pDeqpiug -(Egg') ,.qlueg 9 t ure]sa^\l :ad,{I 6Zl :I lPJtsnv IJ ({assreU) suarsa\lD) - .lil , (L) JE^wnlpll\tDlo{ow s QngD €gI :z ssrard ulqal ur {essrex suaJsa^lDi) 'Ju^ .ssreJd.ld ,.(uqe.I .pnels wnltoliuDto[t2wtuntlotu{L1- (Stgl) tgl : I ur DsnplqnssurapDaod

.(lA ,-Igm qELgIss|aq .7 'Ot8I 'eruelPlJ :aquraldeg95'fBllprtsnv urelsea&l tt{ :odIJ.(gtgl) IgZ :Z ssLerd.ld..uqe.Iur .ssrerd.ld,.uqe-] {essreu unuunp^'ru^wt1lloJiuDiofow -, - (gtgI) tgl ;I u pnetsDjxlwwoJ suepDLuod

'(h\) ranDg i',[urle.qsnv ure]se^\l puulloH .lB.rlsnv.H , .{\eN :od^I (€98t ) 6Zt gzt : I qlueg (lzueC)unqo!1uDto[ma.]E^ wnattpDtls tuntpu,ltlg - (rf 'ltorlcs .r{tu?g.lzueC . 8I ) I Z :y7 Seng ld runuA T IpuE ur 1zua4wn4olruotof\tu untlotut\L1

'^ou'qwoJ,e,{d (lzuoC)tt|nrtoJrusJo[Bur unrpl.t,{ds

'eqnt ,slJeJq lerog slr uo sJruqluelsrued eql pur sJe,\\ol]Jo Jequrnull€rus str s1ruo srreqpesserdde uorlsJo unlueurnpur rurolruneq1 .{q peqsrn8uqstp eq uucut r )nDF wntplt!(dS se,ulpla.resolJ fre^ ,{uD .sayo,y e,reqo1 1ou s.rceddu 1nq seqol cslp:uln8uDul 3ur,\Erl serJeds wntprtldg 1o drLot1aq1 ur s8uoleg

'luotxe 'ur{ ,uDI ur 0I ueql ssel,{lqeqord pu€ 0Z usqt sselfluregec Bureqe8ue] ul\ou)l slr ,uoqnqqsrp .(u.s pelculser,fte^E e,\Eq ol s.ueddepuu se,rrese:anleu fur uo pop.rocerueeq lou sr?qtI auuag.r.\!.2) .I661 adtoqlsua,tnll ds untprttdg eruuu ese:qd eql repun ur uoxBt ,{}uoud B sE pepnl.ur ..raj"js tsrrC I Ftuoud :l?lolCuErT€Jlsnv uJetsel!\ roJ sepoC uoDa^lesuoJ l\tr.IVJ uottD^_tasuoJ

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(C,VI ern8rC) 'u,{\orq-p?J 'u{u .J .snourSrureJ.3uo1 {lup 6 0 x l'l spaas urur g.g_1.9,pesserddp ()1 esJortuE s.rl]?rl :,{JIuq,(luroJrun'rlIutgIxZ?dtD)ozlrlJs.asuqsp]",rol^JrEq-etullsts,BuolulurT.l_1.ga1,t5.iuol tulrr srr€q:,{JrErl .BuolrLtutz.O t 0-2 0 flosueprtlrlrfls {.rr,16 ruln8uur4saqolcvo l.0,Burpee]dsol e oJtuesrrcq:,&rEqflesuep,Suolullu9.6-9.gs1odag.Buolu]Lrt.0.JsltEi{snour8n::a;;orunluaunpur '8uol .spr,r\ .(9-E esuepD qlr,r tIIuJ I g Oaqu lDJoll urur 9-[ stetsnlcur ,{ll€nsn)^\eJ ,la,].to1J .Buol ulur slrcq .Buol ., ,€te^o Z 0-I 0 oqt lnoqSnoJql ,{:wq ,{Iu!o1runecegJns.rotno :e}Brlrc,{D:oqs ulur , stJuq lonnlo^ul snorqplSqnslo snolqulSec€JJns Jeddn:slrtq pesselddueur; fq pare,rocflasuap 'quprur ,ueer8 Jo eprsqcBe uo sure^IvJelEI 9-? q]r,,n epd ecu;Jnsle,\\ol :alnJo^eJ.ro pe^lncal sur8lEru aqt'eJulrns ,u[u ,rqdrlla-Buolqo Jeddn€ql uo ure^prrueq1 3uo1u pe,trorrn; 6-S x 91-71 solurteuos

t\q wnttrtu{rJ pur |r./r?t,7i{Js a,(U I g NuytsixVol. 10.No. I (1495)

Notes. Closely rclntedto Splridium spadiceum and S. vilLosum,differing in its usually shorter and more roundedleaves, more hairy bracts,smaller inflorescences and more uniform sepalindumentum.

Spyridium minutum Rye, lp. tov.

A S. cordqto petiolis brevioribusadpressis, foliis minutis crassis,floribus paucioribus,indumento florum magis persistentidiffert.

TlpuJ: Nature reserve,100 m E of Neds Rd on RollandsRd, WesternAustualia, l2 September1992, G.F. Craig 2085 (holo: PERTH 03243567;iso: CANB).

Shrub erect or spreading, 0.1-0.25 m high. Young s/e,zs appressed-hairybut soon becoming glabrous. PetiolesO.3-0.5mm long, appressed.Leaf bladesappearing sessile, more or lesstouching the stem,broadly ovateor cordate,L3- 1.6x 1.1-1.6mm, Yerythick, with the marginsand apicalregion lecurved; lower surface white owing to the densewhite indumentum or hidden from view; upper surfacetuberculate, hairy or glabrous. Involucral brqcts ahnostcircular, 1.5-2mm long, prominently ciliate; outer surfacehairy on midvein and baseor sometimeswith indumentum more widespread, the hairs c. 0.4 mm long. Flowers few (usually 2 or 3), in clusten 2-3 mm wide, white. Florql tube c. 1 mm long, very denselyhairy; hairs 0.5 1 mm long, ferruginousor white. Sepalsdensely haitl'; hairs antrorseto spreading,0.2 0.5 mm long. DiJc lobe,ttriangular. Ovary summit denselyhairy; hail s 0.3-0.4mmlong. Srylec.0.7mrrlong, glabrousor withjust a few basalhairs. Schizocarp22-2 5 x L6- 1.8mm, with a fairly denseand uniformindumentum of long simplehairs Seedsc. 1.4x c- t rrrm,orange-brown, with black spotsor markings.(Figure lG-K)

Selectedspecimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 529 miles Coolgardie Esperanceroacl [1] krn S of Gibson],1515/1968, E.M. Bennett2771 5.2 km NE MelaleucaRd on West Point Rd, 9/1984,M.A. Burgman3891; natute reserve, 1.3 km SSW of GriggsRd on FieldsRd, 1419/1992, G.F. Craig2l25;11 km N ofSalmonGurns, 1213/1980, KR. Newbey6718; 8 km SEof Mt Beaumont, l0/l l /1980,KR. Netbey 1931;47 miles[75.7 km] fiom Esperancetowards Norseman, 2l11/1968, J.W. Wrigley.

Distribution. Extendsfiom the upper Young River eastto nearMt Beaumontand north to the Salmon Gums area,southern Western Australia.

Habitat. C)ccrrson plains, usually recordedin sandyclay or sandover clay.

Flowering ancifruiting period. March-May, SeptemberNovember.

Dertyationof name. From theLatin mirulls - small,referring tothesmall sizeof theplant and all its pafis.

Conservqtionstatus. Previously regardedas a priority speciesand listed in 1990 under the phrase narneSplrldlam sp. Mt Beaumont(K.R. Newber-6718), but has beenremoved from the list as there are now known to be many populations,some of them very large and some on nalurereserves (G.F.Craig pers. comm.).

Nores. Closely relatedto Sp),ridiumcordqtum (Torcz.) Benth., which haslarger heart-shapedleaves with a more obviouspetiole (0.7)l 3 mm long andmore numerous flowers. 'ecu,pns.raddneqruo sno.rq€rB s,{p^\re ,{rrueu se^eer ,sr?,\\ou p""r.";:::1""T:"uY::11i"i ll[J,t*::: ou) srrcqetrq,r ,{luo Sur,.etlur utnuoluotLlS ruo:.1sraJJrp tI patela:,{1aso1c ,{:a,r sr ,ellertsnV u;atsa,tr -qtnos;otsuoceqlSuoluiutunlcosercadsuoluruote,.qtueg(llrqel)utjsotlqofiunpLt,(dS.saJoN

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.g.y (gNVl :osr:9€tt€sl0 Hldad rotoq)9zt0I aSnag '0161 '€rlEJlsnv ,e8ueu Jaqolco I I uJatsel!\ Burl:r1g;o pue uJets€aJBau ,s,roJJV eql-..snd(.J

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'noilds a,(g runuuluoru runlpr.r,{dg

c)nt wnlDu[.tJ puc rrflrpu(ds .a,{U -I g NuytsiaVol. 10,No. I (1995)

fQc fi{-,n WD @w.ffiffi, ff ft,lffil,h ffiffi o I K ffi,

- (xlo), Figure l .A-F .Splrtdi",l Sl.r c l'1 A florvering branch (x l ). 8 flower chsterand leaf(x4). C strmensand disc lobes D - schizoc.up (x8). E inner and outer surfacesof fruitlet (x8), F - seed(x8); G'K S. ,?irrtrm G - flowe ng bfanch (xl), H flower clusler and leaves(x? 5). I stamensrnd disc lobes (x12), J - empiy fruitlel (x6.5), K - inner and outer su rces of seed(x6.5); L-O S- montan m L- flowedDg braDch (xL). M inflorescence(x2), N- flower (x5). O - stamensand disc lobes (x6). Drawn tuom E.M. Bennett91t919 (A.-F), G.a Cfdis 2081 (G K) and G.J. KeieheD,6193 (L O). 17

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National Park, 318/1978,D. Monk 111,3 km ENE Salmon Gums, 6/311980,K.R. Newbey 6612; 38 km NNE of Mt Ridley, 8/3/1980K.R. Newbey6688; 12 km SW of Mt Buraminya,8/11/1980, K.R. Newbey 8212.

Distibution. Extendsfiom Frank Hann NationalPark eastto north of CapeArid NationalPark, southernWestern Australia.

Habitat. Occrtrsin mallee woodlands,otien in the shadebereath EucalyptusuncinatLt tees.

Conservqtions/4/,rs. Previously regardedas a priority speciesand listed in 1990 under the phrase nane Spyridium sp.Frank Hann (K.R. Newbey6688), but a recentsurvey by G.F. Craig (pers.comm.) has shown that the taxon is reasonablycommon and lvidespread,including populations on nature reserves,so it has beenremoved ftom the list.

Spyridium mucronatum subsp.multiflorum Rye, subsp.nov.

A S. mucronatosubsp. mucronato affinis sedfoliis latioribusapice rninus manifeste acuto, floribus multi numerosi difTert.

Tlpas: About 15 miles 124.2kml SW of Mt Ragged,Western Australia, l2 January 1966, A.S.George 7391 (holo: PERTH 01538675;iso: CANB, MEL).

Leaf bladesovate or nanowly so, 3 4.3 x 1.4-1.6mm, the apicalmucro c. 0.l mm long; upper surfacehairy or glabrous,sometimes white-scurfy. Involucral bracts 1.5-2 mrn long. Flowers'7-ll, in clusters4-7 mm wide. Sepalswith hairsc. 0.3 mm long. Ovary summit wrthhairs c. 0.3 nm long. (Figure2D, E)

Specinens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 15 km S of Scadden,13/11119'16, Wittwer 1869, 2 km NE ofBebenorinRd on Muntz Rd, Reserve32784, 1011984, M.A. Burgman4292.

Disffibutio . Known fiom three scatteredoollections, extending from north of Gibson eastto near Mt Ragged,Cape Arid National Park, southernWestem Australia. Theselocalities are locatedsouth of the easternpart of the areawhere S. mucronatumsubsp. tnucronatun occnrs.

Deri\)ation oJn.tme. From the Latinnr&Ltus- mtch andJloris- flower, referringto themore numerous tlowersthan are found in the othertwo subspecjes.

Consen'dtionstatus. CALM ConservationCodes for WesternAustralian Flora: Priority 2. This taxon is known tiom only threecollections, but hasa wide rangeof c. 160km, with one of the known populations on a large national park and anotheron a naturereserve. Still, it appearsto be the least common of the three subspeciesand no populationshave been located dudng a recent survey (Craig & Coatesin preparation)of priority taxa in the region.

Note.s.Distinguished ftott Spyridium mucronatumsubsp. mucronatum mainly by the greaterflower number per cluster, also tending to have broaderleaves with a lesspronounced apical point. 7

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Spyridium polycephalum (Turcz.) Rye, comb.nov.

Trymqliun polycephalum'lurcz.,Bull. Soc.Imp. NaturalistesMoscou 31: 460 (1858) Type: fWestern Australial, ./. Drummond 5th.colL, suppl. 91 (KW photo seen,MEL)

Conservationstatus. A widespread,apparently common species.

Noler. Closely relatedto Splridium oligocephalum andS. subochreatum,differing from both in its longer sepalindumentum, also diffedng from the former in bractcolour and the lattbrin leafcharactels. Judging from the few availablespecimens with matureseeds,S. polycephalumhas uniformly orange- brown seeds,whereas the other two specieshave yellow-brown seedswith obviousdark spotsor other small

Spyridium riparium Rye, sp. nov.

Folia angusteovata,4-8p1o longiora quam latiora, acuta. Lobi disci lati, emarginati

Typas:Mitchell River,Western Australia, l8 August 1993,B.G Hammerstey921 (holo;PERTH 03908542:iso: CANB. MEL).

Shrub erecl,1-i.5 m high. Youngstems densely hairy with a mixture ofnumerous minute stellate hairs and more scatteredsimple patent hairs l-1.5 mm long. Petlole.t 1.5-2mm long Leaf blades usually narowly ovate, 8- 17 x 1.5-3.5mm, usually acute,the marginsrecurved; lower surfacewhite to pale green,densely and minutely stellate-hairy,also with spreadingsimple hairs c. I mm long; upper surfaceglabrous (or with someminute simple bairs). Bracfs transverselybroadly elliptic, c. 1 2 mm long, glabrous outside, with cilia c. 0.5 mm long. Flowers fairly numerous'in branchedspreading terminal inflorescences10- l8 mm acrossand in smallergroupings in the upper axils, white or cream. Floral tube c. 1.2 mm long, denselyhairy: hairs0.5-0.8 mm long. Sepalsc. 1 2 mm long, ratherdensely hairy with minute stellatehairs over most of outside surfaceand with long simple hairs c. 0 4 mm long towards apex and on midvein. Disc lobesbroadly oblong-ellipticor transverselyso, emarginate ovary summitwith hairs0.2-0 3 mrn long. so'le0.4-0.5 mmlong. Schizocarpc 15x13mn,with long antrorseto spreadingsimple hairs and minute stellatehairs. Seedsnot seenat maturity. (Figure 20-s)

Specimensexamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: White Gum Bridge, Denbarker Rd' 28/9/1984, E.J. Croxford 3892; Wlite Gum Creek, DenbarkerRd , l2/9/1989, E J. Cro$ord; Northumberland Rd, near Kent River,23/8/1993 & 31811994,B.G. Hammersley934 & 1082.

Distribution. Occursfrom Kent River eastto Mitchell River, southernWestern Australia

Ildbit.lt. Grows on the banks ofr.ivers. recordedmainly in sandyor gravelly soil overlying laterite.

Flowering and fruiting period. July-October.

Deri|ation of n.tme. From the Latin npa - the bank of a strean, referringto the habitatof the species. 7-

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Conservation st(rtus.CALM ConseryationCodes for WestemAusaalian Flora: Pdodty 2. Originally listed as a Priority 1 species,but recently two more populationshave been located (8.G. Hammersley pers.comm.). Now known from populationson threerivers, with a rangeofc. 30 km. The populations are on vacant crown land but not on naturereserves.

Nores. Relatedto Spyritlium majoranifuIium, S. spadiceumand S. ullloszz, but diffedng in habitat and readily identified using leaf chamcters.

Spyridium spadiceum (Fenzl) Benth., Fl. Austral. 1: 428-429(1863).- Trymaliun spadiceumFenzl in Endl., Fenzl, Benth. & Schott,Enum. Pl. Hueg.21 (1837).- Crypt.tndraspadicea (Fenzl) F.Mtell' Syst.Census Westral. Pl. 61. (1882-1883).Type: King GeorgeSound, lwestern Austalia], Huegel (PERTH 01534971).

Pomaderrishirsuto Steud.in Lehm.,Pl. Preiss.1: 184(1845). Type: Mt Clarence,lwestem Australia], 30 September1840, L. Preiss 1673b(MEL).

Trymalium thomasioidesTvcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 3l:459 (1858). Type: New Holland LwesternAustralial , 1849,1. Drummond 5th coll. 231 (PERTH 01534971).

Conservationstatu.'. CALM ConservationCodes for WesternAustralian Flora:Priority 2. Apparendy restrictedto granite slopesin PorongurupNational Park and to granitehills 35-40 km further south at Albany, both areasbeing naturereserues. Greg Keighery (pers.comm.) reportedthat a population of the speciesin the Porongurupshad a very large number of in the yearsfollowing a fire, where it had previously been much lesscommon. (Figure 3A-D)

Spyridium subochreatum (F.Muell.) Reissek, Linnaea 29:28'7-288 (1858) - Trymalium subochreqtumF.Muell., Trans. Proc. Vic. Inst. i: 122 (1855). - Cryptandra subochreqta(F.Muell.) F.Muell.,Syst. Census Westral. Pl. 61. (1882-1883).- Pomqderis subochreataRersseknom inval., Linnaea 29: 287 (1858). Type: Murray River, fSouthAustralia] , F. Mueller (MEL710602, W)

TrymaLiumbehrii F.M:uell. ex Reissek,Linnaea 29: 274 (1858). Type: Murray, [South Austmlia], F. Mueller (MEL71060l, W).

Conser|atio status. CALM ConseNationCodes for WesternAustralian Flora: Priority 2. This species is common in South Australia but only just extendsinto WesternAustralia, where it is known only from Toolinrra,on NuytslandNature ReseNe. It is not consideredto be at risk in its overall rangebut is listed as a priority speciesbecause ofits rarity in this State. (Canning& Jessop1986, Figure 430D)

N.rte,r. Weetern Australian material is ol Spyridiunt subochreAtumvar. subochreatum The other variety, S. s'lbochreatumvar. Iaxiusculuml.Black, has a much smaller geographicrange in South Australia r.nd needs1'urther study.

Spyridium villosum (Turcz.) Benth., Fl. Austral. 1: 432 (1863). - Cryptandra villosa Tvcz., Btil. Soc.Imp. Nat.Moscou 31:458 (1858).Type: New HollandfWestern Australia] ,1849, J. Drummond 5th coll. 232 (PERTH01671979).

Conservationstatus. CALM ConservationCodes for WesternAusftalian Flora: Priority l. Previously listed with a Priority 2 coding and its range given as the Mount Barker areaas well as Stirling Range, (paqoltou a r) elrtue'tuelnJcns 'peqJulap,{[rspelu]?:luEllELusuuopeleas'e^oqEpernolo?,{lluloltun,esEql.rDpuqlr,{\lpaas.eJcJ,rns 'roue;ur leuur uo u,roJq puu peurellud ,4yluqred:o :orre;ur slellrnJJ:steltrn4 pepees-I elrlue es€elet 'd:ecozrqcs 'g .sueruels ot Suqlqds u 7ralg Surpeerds saqol :tprlw7Ug pe1.eat tro^O eqt uea^\laq elelnpun ro paqol ,(pcunstp'FlD^o aql Surpunouns{lalurperuurr tuu peue{crqt lEFtuuu uu Bulu.ro3: 'sno:qu13 ,eleupu,Uoqs rsrg frulo eql;o ltururnseql,roleq lo tu Surt€uruuel aqnl p)oll ,selJruud, alu8uole uo el€llecrpad {pcuqsrp sre,,wog:u,rorq stcplq :esow(a aJua)sarolfal .ecu}ns leddn uo 'ajllue '(elp3rldnpuor ,tuetsrsJed uea.r8 lou e r) uadosa,11ra? ea4 salrdrls tuecseurds 7ousplqJuDJg

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c\.Et wnltuut[tJ putr '??p]r,t./S.3IU 1.9 NuytsiaVol. 10,No. I (1995)

Trymalium densiflorum Rye, sp. ttov.

Pedicelli brevi. Flores densefasciculati. Discus et ova um stellato-pubescentes.

71,pas:8 km E of Trayning, Western Australia, 18 August 1974' P S Vqlentine T3 (holo: PERTH 01s14075).

Shrub ercct,c. I m high. Youngstems with a mixture of simple and stellatehairs: simple hairs appressed,c. 0.4 mm long. Petioles c.0.3 mm long. Leaf bLadesnarrowly elliptic to oblong, c 3 x 0.7 mn, the marginsrecurved to revolute;lower sudacepale green, densely white-hairy; upper surface with stellatehairs c. 0.2 mm long. FloraLbracts ovateor broadly ovate,aqute, hairy outside. Flowers only shortly pedicallate,arranged in dense,usually 6-8-flowered clusters, those terminating the branchletsin panicles7-13 mm long. Pedicels0.2-0.3 mmlong. FloraLtube c.0.5 mm long,densely -0.2 hairy; hairs c. 0.2 mm long. sepals c. 1 mm long, with appressedhairs 0.I mm long. Disc stellate- hury. Ot'ary summir densely stellate-hairy;hairs c 0 2 mm long S4'le c. 0 5 mm long; stigmatic lobes about as long as undivided portion of style. Schizocarpunknown. (Figure 4A-C)

Specifiens examined Nonc other than the type

Distribution. Recordedfiom nearTrayning, southemWestem Australia.

Habitqt. Fiecordedin red soil in mallee-dominatedvegetation.

Flowering period. Artgrtst.

Derivqtion of nLme. Ffom the Latin densus - crowded axdflos - flower, referring to the dense arrangementof the flowers in comparisonwith other TrynaLium spec\es.

conser,,ation status. 1AL]t.l Conservationcodes for westem Australian Flora: Pdority l. Known from only one collection apParentlyon a road verge. This speciesurgently needsto be surveyed'

Noles. Sinilar to Trymalium angustfollzm Reissek and T. dqphnifolium Reissek in having small narrow leavesand a hairy ovary,but distinguishedfrom theseand other Trymalium species by its sholtcl pedicels and more compact inflorescence. Itis also the only menber of the genusthat has stellate hairs on the disc, although Z tngustfoliumhas a denselytuberculate disc.

Trymalium elachophyllum Rye, tp. nov.

Ramuli interdum spinescentes.Indumentum ex pilis simplicibus constans. ovalium glabrurn. Fructi dehiscentiaregularis.

Typrs: 5 km E of Ravensthorpe,Western Australia, 5 October 1966,P G. Wilson 5529 (holo: PERTH 01528998;iso: CANB).

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,ullu .J (C-Ct eJnBrC)sur8Juur u,$olq elBdqtrr'd u,\\olq e8uu-ro1:up g.0 x E I spaas 'u,rorq-per 'elelncrler urnrpeu ecu.+rnslsuur :slodsu/rolq-par qtr,r u,rorq epd'qloours aJvJrnsJelno :sno?cDlsnrcot snoexgtro)stallltitd esEqeql tu JeqtaSotpleq suorljodpnbe g olur luecsrqap,a.1:eyn3er 'e^oqu 'sorpod.rouelur 'urur 'loueJur snorqplS uo ,{:req,{lasruds 9 1-9 1 x Z Z-6 I sreuunb-eerqlo1sqgq -aat11 dto:toztqcA e1,{1s;o :epureruerueql leuoqs tnq tusurruo:dseqol crt€rq8Ds:8uol urur f.0-t.0 'sno:qul? 'pesse:dde .3uo1 a1[ry ltwtuas &aa6 3uo1utu 6 g-7 9 srreq:sno.rq€l8lo Fluq ,{lesreds urur ,3uo1 .3uo1 6g-79 qndag Suot urur t 0-2 0 s.rr€q:frrcq,{lesueD ro,{lesrads urur 9 g t aqry ptLolg ',{\olla,{ ,Suol ,(0I-g ruru g l-g 0,rlaJlpaa, qsrueer8serurleuros ot elq,$ ,{llEnsn tuul ZI g selcruBdur 'e1ncr'etE^o ,(1pnsn),reg svaatoli' eprstnosnojqElSqns Jo ,{.rreq dlpeolq lo elu^o'{Jplq lsotulll ol .uea:3 u.{\oJq-p?rr'l.rBp ,rlrrr4 7r,ro1g snorqulSeJpJ]ns leddn :,{JrBq,4lesuep eludro elrq,r eculins t?^\ol

c\alanliDuttuJ puDlrrrpl{ds 'c{U -l g NuytsiaVol. 10,No. I (1995) pale green, with 3-7 lateral veins on eachside of midrib, with a denseindumentum of simple patent hairs 0.5-1 rnm long; upper surface usually glabrous but with a row of hairs along the impressed midvein and usually also along the lateralveins. Flowers usuallywhite to pale yellow, rarely greenish. Florttl tubehajJy.Sepals densely to sparselyhairy. Ovary 3-celled. Stigmaticlobes3. (.Figure4H,I)

Selectedspecimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Porongurup Range, 20110i1962, T.E.H. Aplin 2148; near Napier River, PorongurupAlbany road, 1'419/1966,E.M. Bennett 104612'7 km N of Augusta on BoranupDrive, 26110/1983,M.G. Corrick 8929; Pemberton,2811]'11984' H. Demarz 10428,near Collie, 17/10/1962,A.R. Fct lrall TT0;Mt Manypeaks,5/9/1935,C-A. Gartlner 3316;200 yardsW of Boggy Lake,2/1211956, J.W. Green ll07 l0 km S of Witchcliffe,1415/1980' T.J. Hawkeswood 205; William Bay National Park, 12/10/1989,B.G. Hammersley214; 9 km SE of Yornup,11/9/1981, G.J. Keighery4012; 8 km W of Harvey,3/811985,G.J.Keiqhery1158;Mtclarc, Walpole, 1211l/1969, V. Mann & A.S. George 889; Ellens Peak, Stirling Range,21110/1900, A. Morrison: S of PrincessRoyal Harbour,Albany, 10/1966,.S.P. Pfeiffer llWarrenRlver Crossing, Wheatly CoastRd, 10/11/1985,A.N. Rodd 4918 & G. Fensom,Catterick, Bridgetown district, 261911948,R.D. Royce 2703; rear Walpole, 17l9i1952, F.W. Went l2l; near Waroona Dam, l5/1011965,P.G. Wilson3'734.

Distribution. Extends frorn Waroona Dam south to Augusta and Mt Manypeaks,southern Western Australia.

Habitat. Occws in varied soils, conmonly it Eucalyptusforcsts, often along watercourses

FLoweringperiod. July-October. Fruits recordedSeptember-December.

Derivution of name. From the Latin trifdus - Ihrce-cleft,refering to the 3 stigmatic lobes.

Conservqtionstatus. Common, not at risk.

Noler. The other subspecies,Trymalium floribundlm Steud. stbsp.floribundum, is atypioal of the in having only 2 stigmatic lobes and ovary cells. One specimen,collected from Dwellingup (A.P.Hansen4/1.011984) is intermediatebetween the two subspecies,having about equal numbersof 2-celled and 3-celled flowers.

In srbsp. trifidum, the sepalstend to be nore hairy than in subsp./orlbundum, bttt tary from sparselyand shortly hairy to denselyhairy, in some caseswith hairs up to 0.6 mm long protruding from the apex.The leavesare also very vadable,but areusually larger and more acutethan in subsp floribundum and areoften serrate.Some specimens,especially in the Donnelly River-Denmark area, have small rounded hairy leaves,which may be juvenile or perhapsof a distinct variant.

Trymalium ledifolium var. lineare Rye, var. nov.

Diflert a var. rosmariniJolioin foliis angustioribus,marginibus plus recurvis

Typas; Off Dryandra Rd, Tutanning Flora and Fauna Reserve,Western Australia, 9 August 1966, K.F. Kenneallys.n. (holo: PERTH 01524240;iso: CANB). '^q osolc flo^ euo Jo ed,{1eq1su uoqelndod eurs eq} u.rorgreqtre pe1ce1locsu,r .{lqeunserdpuu uorlducsepeqt seqrtpur,(t€rg gr, .g :7 'ettp l9I0 HJdlId) 1uz1gr4 g qu16J pu€ ,{trlucol ed.(1eq1 qloq q1r,tr ,punol ueutrJ?dsE uaaqtou slq aptotu 7 1o uerurcedsed,{1 eq1 q8noqllv aqnl lt;rog pur?sludes aql uo unlueunpur lxJoJruneJour E 8ur^Bqsra,rou "qt pun "noqn qsqrq,t puu frrcq,{lesuepSuraq se,real str urBurtalyp,wnpunEtoL[tunuttufuJot p"ln1"r,t1"ro13."r7or,7

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Itl ExNrwnuDatuJ punlunlptlkts .etll.-t g Nuyr\ir Vol 10.NLr t (lqa5)

Figure4. A-C Trymalium densiflotum A - flowering branch (xl), B - condensedcyme and uppcrmost leaves(x6), C - lop view of flower (x18): DG T. elachopbrllun D- fruiting branch (xl). E - fruiting cyme and leaves (x4), F- dehisced schizoqrp (xt0), G inner surfaceof ffl.ritlet(xl);H,I T..lloribuntlun sDbsp.trilidum H flowering and fruitinebranch (x1), I - dehiscing schizocarp (x9); J,K T. Iedifoliutn \aL li eare I'fr|itl'ng branch (xl), K - inner and outer sufaces of fruitlet (x l0). Dmwn from P.S. Valentine T3 (A C), P.G. lvrivrl (D,E,G), A.S. Georee 9924 (D, T.A. Ha1iddy 23O (H l) and H. Denurz D6216 (J.KJ . 'EIIE.DSnYuJslselA 'r3^ru uraqlnos lleqJlrw puE{rEurue( ol lsue ellrlcquoN Jo tscs-qtJouluo4 spuelxa uoltnqulslo

' LL(I uosu\ot-llauDlw D '8861/8/lZ'e1od1u,11 '{rud 3o g rul 0l iuuoqe5ldnlau:o51-e1od1cL1 lt uosthuotll V'f'6961/L/O€ 'p€or '.9g7y '1eer3 relrug tunor{-{]Euruec uo'ra^rd lleqrtrj^tr ac[oy O U'8961/LlIt dn3ur,r6 '.q1.1oi\SunloH '.pUsuets S'L86I/116z uo )rEuru?eJo ,AdNNur{ I I r :91I I Kalstautu2g 9g 'r66t/gl|t 'l.rvruuac 'pd 'r66t Jo l& q]]olpeqs thl Suoluru{ 0I :EIII traFrawLuoHD'g lglg1 ',{u,$q8IH 'pU '9€6 're^ru tsr?oJqlnosJo N ur1 g / reTrgdl,taup)DC y, t/6 }ue>I:LLI ptolxor) t'g '6161/LlgI 'a8prrq reeu pg qceeg u€eco :V6VUJS1V NUII Lsg1ypauuazra suauucadspaltalag

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(8SI99-IqW) ?r's '[urlur]snv puoutwtlre f urotsat\\l'.( ^u) tL6t spt1 j'106I tsn8nv,urlBr]snvura1sa16..{u.{poo1 ''IIer.lN'd .rE^ rueu :ed,{J (Sr8I) gEI :6 IDrlsnV 1,{q4 ur8erg Dpnt DralplD rq unllDlutrJ - (t06I) t9€-tS€ ;98 tsfs q.qaf Tog'lezlud E T slarc ur slerc ( llenl l C) arBloaJrnurnlleu|,{JJ

cr|) untjDatrtJ pur-''l/rrpr(Js rIU I g NultsirVol. 10.No. I (lqq5)

Figure5.A 7l ll(,rd[€ lloweringbranch (xl); BD Trymalimren stumB'flowering branch (x1), C - Ilowerbud and opcnllowers (x7), D - immalureschizocarp (xl0). Drawnlrom Dieh & Pritzell4S (A) andD Mycff811913(B D)

Hqbitat. Occursin sandy soil, otten on latedte or with lateritic gravel, in Jarah or Marri forest or sometimesKani forest, often along watercourses.

Flowering period. Mainly July-September,also recorded January-February. Fruits recordedAugust.

Derivation of name. From the Latin l)er&strs - elegant,graceful, beautiful, refefiing to the attractive white spraysof flowers.

Conservatiotlstcttus. Listed as a Priority 2 speciesin the 1994Priority Flora List, underthe manuscdpt nameT. villosumms. However, it is norv known fiom more populations,including somein national parks, and has been removed fiom the priority list. It has a distribution extending c. 130 km, and is more common in the easternpaft of its distribution.

Notes. Closely rclatedto Trymoliumfloribundum, which diffels in its leaf indunentum, with most specinens having a very shod densestellate indumentum on the leaf undersurface,and shorterhairs on the sepals. There are also somespecimens of Z forlbuntLum with long hairs on both surfacesof the leaves.the short stellatehairs on the lower surtacestill visible ln T. ve ustum the leaveshave virtually no hairs on the upper suface exceptalong the midvein depressionbut arevery denselyhairy on the lower surfhce,and thele are no obviousshort stellatehairs on the lower surface.T.floribundunt also tendsto have more yellowish flowers than T. venustun. (H c'v) 9ot )rl,rrd s rq peruasardarpusrrltlqsa4Ltlo.rjpuD0?9J'g)89r991At\I'ptnuu.tOt'uourl]ads.d,tt cqr uro{ u^\ErC (0Iy)&rcozq.sJo '(0[x) s^\ar^ o,\\l I uau[ls pesol.ue uro{ es'Dalalu.llod H (0lr) slr]ad rrro.gpasrslar suarrrrs tnoqtr^\ puDqtr^\'re,\\ou- C '(Stx) '(rx) '(Zx) '(9x) e.ua3selouur ]o soq.uuq Burpu.tqns strDrq j e.0a.soro0ur A Jc.l lo arrjjns raddn ' C lral - '(tx) p.floj Jo icqrns rc^\ol pu! olndrts J q.nrq iuqrnq ['(ty) q]urrq iuu:r^\oU V alDlan.Ln wn4DLutuJ 9 anBtll

@ &^e

E\.e!unttDwfuJ put aripTr{ds 'iXU -l g 140 NuylsiaVol. 10, No. I (1995)

In the region where their rangesoverlap, the two speciestend to occur in differenthabitats, TrymaliumJktribundrm as an understoreyspecies in Karri fbrest and ?. veni6lu,r?more commonly in Jarrahor Marri forest. Occasionallythey do occur in the samearea, but areapparently reproductively isolatedby a djf]erence in flowering tine, T. venustunrflowering earlier than T. .fLoribundum (T. Annelspers. comm.).

Another relatedspecies that hasbeen confused with 7. vznustu l isT. spatulatun (Labill.) Ostenf. The latter dilTersin its obovateleaves with the veins rnoreprominently indentedon the upper sudaca.

Discussion

As for many other groups in Western Australia, there is an urgent need to survey some rnembersof Splrldium and Tryma[ium and determinewhich taxa are most in need of conservation measuresto ensuretheir continuedsurvival. Currently,3 8 7o of the westernspecies in thesetwo genera are included on the Priority Flora List, as well as two subspecies.Only one of thesetax\Trymalium urceolare,has beensurvey€d in any detail. Two Spyridiuntspecies previously placed on the list have been removed as a result of fleld surveys,which have locatedmany additionalpopulations (Craig & Coatesin preparation). The presentpiority list, basedprinarily on data from herbariumspecimens, needsto be testedby field studiesbefore a reliable list of endangeredtaxa can be drawn up tbr the two genera. Future surveysare likely to changethe priority coding of someof the newly listed species and probably rernovesome from the list altogether.

Acknowledgements

I am gratefulto NicholasLancler ancl Bruce Maslin for helpful commentson the paper,Kevin Thiele for advice on the Rhamnaceaegenera and Paul Wilson for preparingthe Latin diagnoses. The line illustrations were expertly preparedby MargaretPieroni (Figures 1 5) and Sue Patrick (Figure 6). I alsothank Tony Annels,Gill Craig, Greg Keighery and SuePatrick for information on the populations of Spyridiun mc) TD'lltqlium speciesthey have surveyed.

References

Ba*er, W.R. & Rye, B.L. (1993). Sp!"ridiun tt i.rrr- (Rhanmaceae),a disiunct new specieslrom the Great Australian Bight. J.Adel. Bot. G d. l5: 153-157. "Flora Canning, E.M. & Jessop,J.P. (1986). Rhamnaceae. 1,l Jessop,J.P. & Toelken, H R.(eds) of South Australia. PaLl ll. Casutuinaceae Eupborbiaceae."pp. 807 821. (Soulh Australian Covernment Printing Divisioni Adelaide.) Craie,G.F. & Co es, D.J. (ln prepafation). Declared rar€ flora and otber plantsin needof protectionin the Esper:Lncedi strict. A.N.C.A. & Dept CALM Published Repofi. "Ffagmenta Diels, L. & Pritzel, E. (1904). PhytographiaeAusrraliae Occident is." (Engelmmn: Liepzig.) "Extinct Leigh,J.. Boden.R. & Bfiggs,J. (1984) and EndangeredPlants of Australia."(M.rcMillm: Melbourne.) Rye. B.L. (in prcparatioD). A synopsisofthe Rhrnrnacereof western Austrriix.