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4-Nitrophenol

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4-Nitrophenol 4-Nitrophenol sc-206922 Material Safety Data Sheet Hazard Alert Code EXTREME HIGH MODERATE LOW Key: Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME 4-Nitrophenol STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE CONSIDERED A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200. NFPA FLAMMABILITY1 HEALTH3 HAZARD INSTABILITY2 SUPPLIER Company: Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Address: 2145 Delaware Ave Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Telephone: 800.457.3801 or 831.457.3800 Emergency Tel: CHEMWATCH: From within the US and Canada: 877-715-9305 Emergency Tel: From outside the US and Canada: +800 2436 2255 (1-800-CHEMCALL) or call +613 9573 3112 PRODUCT USE Used in manufacturer of many important compounds; as indicator in 0.1% alcohol solution, pH 5.6 colourless, 7.6 yellow; production of parathion and fungicide for leather. Intermediate SYNONYMS C6-H5-N-O3, C6-H5-N-O3, O2NC6H4OH, para-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-hydroxynitrobenzene, 4- hydroxynitrobenzene, p-hydroxynitrobenzene, p-hydroxynitrobenzene, para-hydroxynitrobenzene Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS EMERGENCY OVERVIEW RISK Danger of cumulative effects. Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS SWALLOWED ■ Accidental ingestion of the material may be harmful; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 150 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual. ■ Breathing in nitrophenols may result in irritation of the lining of the nasal passage, and mouth and poisoning of the bodies nervous system. Poisoning of the bodies central nervous system, reduces the bloods capacity to carry oxygen to the bodies tissues and organs. Flushed face, headache and and a sense of elation are common. Moderate exposure may produce bluish discoloration of the lips, earlobes, and finger nails. A loss of muscle coordination may occur along with difficulty breathing, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting. High concentrations may result in rapid beating of the heart, rapid violent spasms of the bodies muscles and loss of consciousness. ■ The substance and/or its metabolites may bind to hemoglobin inhibiting normal uptake of oxygen. This condition, known as "methemoglobinemia", is a form of oxygen starvation (anoxia). Symptoms include cyanosis (a bluish discoloration skin and mucous membranes) and breathing difficulties. Symptoms may not be evident until several hours after exposure. At about 15% concentration of blood methemoglobin there is observable cyanosis of the lips, nose and earlobes. Symptoms may be absent although euphoria, flushed face and headache are commonly experienced. At 25-40%, cyanosis is marked but little disability occurs other than that produced on physical exertion. At 40-60%, symptoms include weakness, dizziness, lightheadedness, increasingly severe headache, ataxia, rapid shallow respiration, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, lethargy and stupor. Above 60% symptoms include dyspnea, respiratory depression, tachycardia or bradycardia, and convulsions. Levels exceeding 70% may be fatal. EYE ■ This material can cause eye irritation and damage in some persons. ■ Moderate to severe corneal cloudiness, blistered conjunctival tissue, and corneal neovascularisation were observed in rabbits after a single application of 27 mg of solid 4-nitrophenol/kg into the conjunctival sac . Only in one of six rabbits the effects appeared to be reversible during a 21-day observation period. SKIN ■ Skin contact with the material may be harmful; systemic effects may resultfollowing absorption. ■ This material can cause inflammation of the skin oncontact in some persons. ■ The material may accentuate any pre-existing dermatitis condition. ■ Erythema and edema at the site of application were the most prevalent signs of exposure in rabbits when a saline suspension of 5,000 mg 4-nitrophenol was applied to the abraded dorsal surface for 24 hours. No adverse effects were noticed in the shaved dorsal surface of rabbits after application of 147 mg of dry solid 4-nitrophenol/kg for 4 hours. However, when the solid 4-nitrophenol was applied moistened with saline, skin erythema and oedema were observed. Skin scabbing and scarring were reported in rabbits 14 days after application of 181 mg 4-nitrophenol/kg moistened with saline for 24 hours. Partial recovery was observed by day 21. Application of 4-nitrophenol in daily doses of 50-250 mg 4-nitrophenol/kg to the skin of rats for 120 days resulted in dose- related dermal irritation consisting of erythema, scaling, scabbing, and cracking of the skin. It is possible, however, that the solvent, ethanol, may have contributed to the development of these effects. ■ Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. ■ Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. INHALED ■ Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material, during the course of normalhandling, may be harmful. ■ The material can cause respiratory irritation in some persons. The body's response to such irritation can cause further lung damage. ■ Persons with impaired respiratory function, airway diseases and conditions such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis, may incur further disability if excessive concentrations of particulate are inhaled. ■ Evidence of absorption of 4-nitrophenol by the inhalation route may be inferred from the fact that rats exposed to dusts of 4- nitrophenol (sodium salt) for 2 weeks developed adverse systemic effects. Inhalation of nitrophenols may produce mucous membrane irritation and systemic poisoning. The nitrophenols produce central and peripheral vagus stimulation, central nervous system depression, methaemoglobinaemia, observable cyanosis with blue lips, earlobes and finger nails. Although signs may be absent, flushed face, headache and euphoria are common. Moderate exposures may produce a marked cyanosis, weakness, dizziness, lightheadedness, increasingly severe headache, ataxia and shallow respiration, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, lethargy and stupor. High concentrations may produce tachycardia, convulsions and coma. CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS ■ Repeated or long-term occupational exposure is likely to produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems. Long-term exposure to respiratory irritants may result in disease of the airways involving difficult breathing and related systemic problems. Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron penetrating and remaining in the lung. Prime symptom is breathlessness; lung shadows show on X-ray. Exposure over a long period of time to nitrophenols may produce kidney and liver damage. Inflammation of the colon, intestine, liver, stomach, and enlargement of the spleen may occur. Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS HAZARD RATINGS Min Max Flammability: 1 Toxicity: 2 Body Contact: 2 Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Reactivity: 2 Moderate=2 High=3 Chronic: 2 Extreme=4 NAME CAS RN % p-nitrophenol 100-02-7 100 Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES SWALLOWED ■ IF SWALLOWED, REFER FOR MEDICAL ATTENTION, WHERE POSSIBLE, WITHOUT DELAY. Where Medical attention is not immediately available or where the patient is more than 15 minutes from a hospital or unless instructed otherwise: For advice, contact a Poisons Information Center or a doctor. Urgent hospital treatment is likely to be needed. If conscious, give water to drink. INDUCE vomiting with fingers down the back of the throat, ONLY IF CONSCIOUS. Lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration. NOTE: Wear a protective glove when inducing vomiting by mechanical means. In the mean time, qualified first-aid personnel should treat the patient following observation and employing supportive measures as indicated by the patient's condition. If the services of a medical officer or medical doctor are readily available, the patient should be placed in his/her care and a copy of the MSDS should be provided. Further action will be the responsibility of the medical specialist. If medical attention is not available on the worksite or surroundings send the patient to a hospital together with a copy of the MSDS. EYE ■ If this product comes in contact with the eyes: Wash out immediately with fresh running water. Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids. If pain persists or recurs seek medical attention. Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel. SKIN ■ If skin contact occurs: Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available). Seek medical attention in event of irritation. INHALED ■ If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area. Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested. Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures. Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with
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