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Bionic Eye.Pdf
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTERSCIENCE PRESENTATION ON BIONIC EYE P RESENTED BY CH.LALITHA P.L.MADHURI [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT diseased cells in the retina and stimulates the remaining viable cells. This is a revolutionary Here, we present a description of a block piece of technology and really has the scheme, specific features of design and results potential to change people's lives. But we need of testing for a prototype of a bionic eye, types to be aware it is still some way in the future. of them and its applications. The bionic eye is intended to provide vision, partially to the INTRODUCTION visually impaired by use of the modern day A visual prosthesis or bionic eye is a form electronics devices like CCD cameras. The of neural prosthesis intended to partially comprises a computer chip that sits in the back restore lost vision or amplify existing vision. of the individual's eye, linked up to a mini It usually takes the form of an externally- video camera built into glasses that they wear. worn camera that is attached to a stimulator Images captured by the camera are beamed to on the retina, optic nerve, or in the visual the chip, which translates them into impulses cortex, in order to produce perceptions in the that the brain can interpret. Although the visual cortex. images produced by the artificial eye were far from perfect, they could be clear enough to These experimental visual devices are allow someone who is otherwise blind to modeled on the cochlear implant or bionic recognize faces. -
Energetic Medicine for Retinitis Pigmentosa
Energetic medicine for Retinitis Pigmentosa Retinitis Pigmentosa Classification and external resources Fundus of patient with retinitis pigmentosa, mid stage (Bone spicule- shaped pigment deposits are present in the mid periphery along with retinal atrophy, while the macula is preserved although with a peripheral ring of depigmentation. Retinal vessels are attenuated.) From a review by Christian Hamel, 2006. ICD-10 H35.5 ICD-9 362.74 OMIM 268000 MedlinePlus 001029 MeSH D012174 Retinitis Pigmentosa Overview GeneReviews Author - Editor: Professor of Medicine Desire’ Dubounet, D. Sc. L.P.C.C Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited, degenerative eye disease that causes severe vision impairment and often blindness.[1] The progress of RP is not consistent. Some people will exhibit symptoms from infancy, others may not notice symptoms until later in life.[2] Generally, the later the onset, the more rapid is the deterioration in sight.[citation needed] Those who do not have RP have 90 degree peripheral vision, while some people who have RP have less than 90 degrees. A form of retinal dystrophy, RP is caused by abnormalities of the photoreceptors (rods and cones) or the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the retina leading to progressive sight loss. Affected individuals may experience defective light to dark, dark to light adaptation or nyctalopia (night blindness), as the result of the degeneration of the peripheral visual field (known as tunnel vision). Sometimes, central vision is lost first causing the person to look sidelong at objects. The effect of RP is best illustrated by comparison to a television or computer screen. The pixels of light that form the image on the screen equate to the millions of light receptors on the retina of the eye. -
Image Analysis for Automatically-Driven Bionic Eye
1 Image Analysis for Automatically-Driven Bionic Eye F. Robert-Inacio1,2, E. Kussener1,2, G. Oudinet2 and G. Durandau2 1Institut Materiaux Microelectronique et Nanosciences de Provence, (IM2NP, UMR 6242) 2Institut Superieur de l’Electronique et du Numerique (ISEN-Toulon) France 1. Introduction In many fields such as health or robotics industry, reproducing the human visual system (HVS) behavior is a widely sought aim. Actually a system able to reproduce even partially the HVS could be very helpful, on the one hand, for people with vision diseases, and, on the other hand, for autonomous robots. Historically, the earliest reports of artificially induced phosphenes were associated with direct cortical stimulation Tong (2003). Since then devices have been developed that target ùany different sites along the visual pathway Troyk (2003).These devices can be categorized according to the site of action along the visual pathway into cortical, sub-cortical, optic nerve ane retinal prostheses. Although the earliest reports involved cortical stimulation, with the advancements in surgical techniques and bioengineering, the retinal prosthesis or artificial retina has become the most advanced visual prosthesis Wyatt (2011). In this chapter, both applications will be presented after the theoretical context, the state of the art and motivations. Furthermore, a full system will be described including a servo-motorized camera (acquisition), specific image processing software and artificial intelligence software for exploration of complex scenes. This chapter also deals with image analysis and interpretation. 1.1 Human visual sytem The human visual system is made of different parts: eyes, nerves and brain. In a coarse way, eyes achieve image acquisition, nerves data transmission and brain data processing (Fig. -
Capsulotomy Does Make a Difference,” Slightly Less Variability in the Manual Group at 6 More Patients Were Within 0.25 D Said Dr
CLINICAL NEWS & ANALYSIS SPECIAL REPORT // RETINA VMA ADVANCES : WET AMD 'BEST RESPONDERS' March 1, 2013 In This Issue VOL. 38, NO. 5 EDITORIAL 4 Truth be told for Why honesty in the physician-patient Hope patients relationship is not what it seems GLAUCOMA 12 The next step with late-stage RP in drug delivery How a topical micro-droplet system targets direct application to the ocular surface FDA APPROVAL GENERAL 32 Innovation abounds at OIS Regulatory and investment climate What fosters drug, device opportunities The retinal prosthesis is designed to FOLLOW US ONLINE: bypass the eye structure damaged OphthalmologyTimes.com by RP with electrical stimulation of the retina to induce Refractive visual perception in CAPSULOTOMY blind individuals. When DOES MAKE A Commercial launch planned for later DIFFERENCE this year By Lynda Charters (Photo courtesy of Second Sight) SALT LAKE CITY :: FEMTOSECOND LASER capsulotomies provide sig- nificantly more predictable effec- Sight Medical Products to market its tive lens positions compared with FDA approval of retinal prosthesis retinal prosthesis (Argus II Retinal manual procedures. Prosthesis System) for patients with Robert J. Cionni, MD, discussed the brings limited sight to individuals late-stage RP. The system is the first superiority of the femtosecond laser for and only retinal prosthesis commer- creating capsulotomies compared with with retinitis pigmentosa cially available anywhere in the world. the conventional manual method and The regulatory agency’s decision re-optimization of lens constants for By Cheryl Guttman Krader comes after the 19 members of the FDA Ophthal- accurate laser refractive lens surgery. Reviewed by Mark S. Humayun, MD, PhD mic Devices Advisory Panel voted unanimously “The capsulotomy does make a dif- in September 2012 to recommend approval. -
Advanced Topics in Neurological Disorders
DR.RUPNATHJI( DR.RUPAK NATH ) ADVANCED TOPICS IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS Edited by Ken-Shiung Chen Contents Preface IX Part 1 Bioengineering in Neurological Disorders 1 Chapter 1 Image Analysis for Automatically-Driven Bionic Eye 3 F. Robert-Inacio, E. Kussener, G. Oudinet and G. Durandau Chapter 2 Methods of Measurement and Evaluation of Eye, Head and Shoulders Position in Neurological Practice 25 Patrik Kutilek, Jiri Hozman, Rudolf Cerny and Jan Hejda Chapter 3 Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Treat Brain Injury 45 Ciara C. Tate and Casey C. Case Chapter 4 Development of Foamy Virus Vectors for Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders and Other Diseases 79 Yingying Zhang, Guoguo Zhu, Yu Huang, Xiaohua He and Wanhong Liu Chapter 5 Real-Time Analysis of Intracranial Pressure Waveform Morphology 99 Fabien Scalzo, Robert Hamilton and Xiao Hu Part 2 Proteomic Analysis in Neurological Disorders 127 DR.RUPNATHJI( DR.RUPAK NATH ) Chapter 6 Developing Novel Methods for Protein Analysis and Their Potential Implementation in Diagnosing Neurological Diseases 129 Olgica Trenchevska, Vasko Aleksovski, Dobrin Nedelkov and Kiro Stojanoski Chapter 7 Angelman Syndrome: Proteomics Analysis of an UBE3A Knockout Mouse and Its Implications 159 Low Hai Loon, Chi-Fung Jennifer Chen, Chi-Chen Kevin Chen, Tew Wai Loon, Hew Choy Sin and Ken-Shiung Chen VI Contents Part 3 Migraine and the Use of Herbal Medicine as an Alternative Treatment 185 Chapter 8 Migraine: Molecular Basis and Herbal Medicine 187 Mohammad Ansari, Kheirollah Rafiee, Solaleh Emamgholipour and Mohammad-Sadegh Fallah Part 4 Neuropsychiatry of Drug and Alcohol Dependence 215 Chapter 9 Substance Dependence as a Neurological Disorder 217 William Meil, David LaPorte and Peter Stewart DR.RUPNATHJI( DR.RUPAK NATH ) Part 1 Bioengineering in Neurological Disorders DR.RUPNATHJI( DR.RUPAK NATH ) DR.RUPNATHJI( DR.RUPAK NATH ) 1 Image Analysis for Automatically-Driven Bionic Eye F. -
A Study on Customer Awarness Towards Bionic Eyes
Vol-3 Issue-3 2017 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396 A STUDY ON CUSTOMER AWARNESS TOWARDS BIONIC EYES AUTHOR: ASH POULOSE STUDENT, M.COM (IB), DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, SRI KRISHNA ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE, KUNIAMUTHUR, COIMBATORE-641008, TAMILNADU, INDIA ABSTRACT Bio technology has become the fastest-growing area of scientific research, with inventions of new devices. Technology has done wonders which help the mankind. Prosthetics use to help overcome handicaps. A training system called brain port is letting people with visual and balance disorders bypass their damaged sensory organs and instead send information to their brain through the tongue. Now, a company called second sight has received FDA approval to begin us. Trials of retinal implant system that gives blind people a degree of vision. A visual prosthesis, often referred to as a bionic eye, is an experimental visual device intended to restore functional vision in those suffering from partial or total blindness. A world renowned Portuguese doctor implanted a bionic eye in a person born blind. Many devices have been developed, usually modeled on the cochlear implant or bionic ear devices, a type of neural prosthesis in use since the mid-1980s. The idea of using electrical current (e.g., electrically stimulating the retina or the visual cortex) to provide sight dates back to the 18th century, discussed by Benjamin Franklin, Tiberius Cavalla and Charles Leroy. Keywords: Scientific Research, Overcome Handicaps, Visual Device, Electrical Current. INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY INTRODUCTION It comprises a computer chip which is kept in the back of the individual’s eye, linked up using a mini video camera built into glasses that they wear. -
Samsung Galaxy S8 Vs Galaxy S7: What's the Rumoured Difference?
7 1 Brain-implanted 0 2 Hardware Could y r Be The Next Step a u r In Restoring Lost Sight b e F , 2 e u s Huawei Mate s I 9 Porsche Design . 9 . HTC Ocean Note l o V LG G6 Samsung Galaxy S8 Vs Galaxy S7: What's The Rumored Difference? Recession: Businesses Things To Consider Should How To When Giving Your Leverage Stop Car Child The First On Technology Battery For Operational Drains Smart phone Efficiency COVER NewsByte 4 13 NCC Calls For Digitization Of Economy Mobile Money 12 IMF Mobile Money Hopeful Digital Switch Over: On Mobile Money How Prepared Is Nigeria? NewsByte 30 Motoring Total Nigeria Plc Promotes On-Board-Computer 20 (OBC) Rules Global NewsByte 6 AMG Le43 2017 Worldwide IT Spending To Hit $3.5 Trillion Feature Article Product Review 27 32 Ten years of the iPhone Will Platforms Save Society: Product Review The Need For Inclusiveness 34 Samsung eHealth Galaxy S8 Vs Galaxy S7 31 Global NewsByte Brain-implanted Hardware 35 Could Be The Next Step In Government Should Prioritize Restoring Lost Sight Broadband - ITU Editor-in-Chief Ufuoma Emuophedaro Editor Let's Do Much With Our Little Chidiebere Nwankwo lot of things are happening in the economy. While the plan is for ICT to bail out the Nigerian economy, paradoxically, the economy seem to be Director of Operations Adepressing ICT, hampering its planned growth to a salvaging sector. In recent times, almost all the sub-sectors of the ICT industry, just like every other sector of the economy, have been lamenting on the effect of the Olalekan Akindele recession on the growth of their sub-sectors. -
Retinal Prostheses: the Argus System
Technology and Innovation, Vol. 19, pp. 605-611, 2018 ISSN 1949-8241 • E-ISSN 1949-825X Printed in the USA. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.21300/19.3.2018.605 Copyright © 2018 National Academy of Inventors. www.technologyandinnovation.org RETINAL PROSTHESES: THE ARGUS SYSTEM Tai-Chi Lin1,2,3,4, Lan Yue1,2, and Mark S. Humayun1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 2USC Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 3Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China 4Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China In the late 1990s, Humayun et al. demonstrated intraoperative retinal stimulations from a multi-electrode array in blind volunteers with little or no light perception. The participants reported electrically-elicited visual perception in the visual field that corresponded well to the retinotopic area of stimulation. The subjects exhibited ability to discriminate two separate stimulation sites and to track perception as the electrode moved across the retina. In another proof-of-concept trial, Rizzo et al. demonstrated reproducible visual perception with electrical stimulations of retina in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients. With these and other important pilot studies, two generations of the Argus epiretinal prostheses (Argus I and Argus II), which function by stimulating the remaining inner retinal neurons in patients with advanced retinal degeneration, were developed. The basic operations of the Argus series systems are similar, both consisting of a miniature camera, an external video processing unit, extraocular electron- ics, and an intraocular electrode array implant. -
4 International Mechatronical Student
Proceedings of 4th INTERNATIONAL MECHATRONICAL STUDENT micro-CONFERENCE December 20, Óbuda University, Donát Bánki Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, Budapest, In cooperation with: Institute of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering; Office of International Education Bánki HöK Proceedings of the 4th International Mechatronic Student micro-Conference, Budapest 2016. Eds.: A. Dineva, I. Nagy Disclaimer The papers published in these proceedings reflect the opinion of their respective authors. Information contained in the papers has been obtained by the editors from sources believed to be reliable. Text, figures, and technical data should have been carefully worked out. However, neither the publisher nor the editors/authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and neither the publisher nor the editors/authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of this publication. Trademarks are used with no warranty of free usability. Proceedings of the 4th International Mechatronic Student micro-Conference, Budapest 2016. Eds.: A. Dineva, I. Nagy Copyright © Copyright 2016 Óbuda University, Donát Bánki Faculty of Mechanical & Safety Engineering, Institute of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, Budapest, Hungary Proceedings of the 4th International Mechatronic Student micro-Conference, Budapest 2016. Eds.: A. Dineva, I. Nagy Proceedings of the 4th International Mechatronic Student micro-Conference, 2016 Editors: Adrienn Dineva, István Nagy Published by Óbuda University Press,