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E Co Lo G Ia E M Ane Jo De P a Tó Genos R Ad Ic U La Re Sem S O Lo S T Ro P Ic

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E Co Lo G Ia E M Ane Jo De P a Tó Genos R Ad Ic U La Re Sem S O Lo S T Ro P Ic s d E - s e Ecologia e Manejo de Patógenos Radiculares z e n e em Solos Tropicais M & e d a r d n A , f f e r e h c As doenças radiculares estão entre as principais causas de redução na i M - produtividade de culturas de interesse alimentar mundial. Em cultivos s i tropicais, essas doenças têm recebido pouca atenção quando comparado às a c i doenças foliares, principalmente quando os sintomas são confinados às raízes. p o r Dentre os organismos causadores de doenças radiculares destacam-se os T s fungos, as bactérias e os nematóides, denominados generalizadamente como o l Sami J. Michereff o Domingos E.G.T. Andrade patógenos radiculares ou fitopatógenos habitantes do solo. O controle de S Maria Menezes doenças radiculares é muito difícil, pois os patógenos coevoluiram com as m Editores e plantas por milhões de anos e estão altamente adaptados ao ambiente s e r a subterrâneo em associação com o hospedeiro. l u c Este livro se propõe a abordar os aspectos relacionados à ecologia e i d ao manejo de patógenos radiculares, com ênfase para os solos e os cultivos a R tropicais, bem como motivar novas iniciativas sobre esse tema. s o n e g ó t a P e d o j e n a M e a i g o l o ISBN 858745909-0 c E IMPRENSA UNIVERSITÁRIA DA UFRPE 9 788587 459091 Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitopatologia U F R P E UFRPE Importância dos Patógenos e das Doenças Radiculares em Solos Tropicais 1 Ecologia e Manejo de Patógenos Radiculares em Solos Tropicais Sami J. Michereff Domingos E.G.T. Andrade Maria Menezes Editores Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitopatologia Recife - PE 2005 2 Ecologia e Manejo de Patógenos Radiculares em Solos Tropicais UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DE PERNAMBUCO Prof. Valmar Corrêa de Andrade Reitor Prof. Reginaldo Barros Vice-Reitor Prof. Fernando José Freire Pró-Reitor de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação Prof. Delson Laranjeira Coordenador do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitopatologia Sr. Antão Marcelo Freitas A. Cavalcanti Diretor da Imprensa Universitária c 2005 by Sami J. Michereff, Domingos E.G.T. Andrade & Maria Menezes Direitos de edição reservados aos editores Criação da capa: Sami J. Michereff & Genilda P. Andrade Editoração eletrônica: Sami J. Michereff e Genilda P. Andrade Catalogação na Fonte Setor de Processos Técnicos da Biblioteca Central – UFRPE E19 Ecologia e manejo de patógenos radiculares em solos tropicais / eds. Sami J. Michereff, Domingos E. G. T. Andrade, Maria Menezes. – Recife : UFRPE, Imprensa Universitária, 2005. 398 p. : il. Bibliografia ISBN 85-87459-09-0 CDD 632 CDU 632 1. PATÓGENO RADICULAR 2. INOCULAÇÃO 3. ECOLOGIA 4. MANEJO 5. CONTROLE QUÍMICO 6. CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO 7. CONTROLE INTEGRADO 8. CONTROLE GENÉTICO 9. NUTRIÇÃO MINERAL 10. MICROBIOTA 11. SISTEMA VASCULAR I. Michereff, Sami J. II. Andrade, Domingos E. G. T. III. Menezes, Maria Não é permitida a reprodução total ou parcial deste livro sem a autorização expressa dos editores. Importância dos Patógenos e das Doenças Radiculares em Solos Tropicais 3 Apresentação As doenças radiculares estão entre as principais causas de redução na produtividade de culturas de interesse alimentar mundial. Em cultivos tropicais, essas doenças têm recebido pouca atenção quando comparado às doenças foliares, principalmente quando os sintomas são confinados às raízes. Dentre os organismos causadores de doenças radiculares destacam-se os fungos, as bactérias e os nematóides, denominados generalizadamente como patógenos radiculares ou fitopatógenos habitantes do solo. O controle de doenças radiculares é muito difícil, pois os patógenos coevoluiram com as plantas por milhões de anos e estão altamente adaptados ao ambiente subterrâneo em associação com o hospedeiro. Os estudos sobre ecologia e manejo de patógenos radiculares tiveram um grande impulso após a publicação do livro intitulado “Biology of Root-infecting Fungi”, em 1956, de autoria do Prof. Stephen D. Garrett, da Universidade de Cambridge, Inglaterra. No entanto, apesar da grande importância das doenças radiculares nos trópicos, a maioria das pesquisas e textos publicados tem dado ênfase às doenças em cultivos desenvolvidos em clima temperado. Este livro se propõe a abordar os aspectos relacionados à ecologia e ao manejo de patógenos radiculares, com ênfase para os solos e os cultivos tropicais, bem como motivar novas iniciativas sobre esse assunto. Os Editores 4 Ecologia e Manejo de Patógenos Radiculares em Solos Tropicais Importância dos Patógenos e das Doenças Radiculares em Solos Tropicais 5 Editores e Colaboradores Editores Sami J. Michereff. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Domingos E.G.T. Andrade. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Maria Menezes. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Colaboradores Andréa M.A. Gomes. Departamento de Microbiologia, Faculdade Maurício de Nassau (FMN), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Eduardo S.G. Mizubuti. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa - MG. E-mail: [email protected] Elineide B. Silveira. Departamento de Biologia - Área de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Erika V. Medeiros. Departamento de Ciências Vegetais, Escola Superior de Agricultura de Mossoró (ESAM), Mossoró - RN. E-mail: [email protected] Erlei M. Reis. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo - RS. E-mail: [email protected] Francisco X.R. Vale. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa - MG. E-mail: [email protected] Gaus S.A. Lima. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió - AL. E-mail: [email protected] Hélcio Costa. Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa e Extensão Rural (INCAPER), Venda Nova do Imigrante - ES. E-mail: [email protected] 6 Ecologia e Manejo de Patógenos Radiculares em Solos Tropicais Iraildes P. Assunção. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió - AL. E-mail: ira.assunçã[email protected] José J.V. Rodrigues. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Solos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Laércio L. Hoffmann. Cooperativa Central de Desenvolvimento Agropecuário e Econômico Ltda. (COODETEC), Cascavel - PR. E-mail: [email protected] Laércio Zambolim. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa - MG. E-mail: [email protected] Leonor C. Maia. Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Lilia Willadino. Departamento de Biologia - Área de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Luiz A. Maffia. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa - MG. E-mail: [email protected] Luiz A.C. Valle. Delegacia Federal da Agricultura de Minas Gerais, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (DFA-MG/MAPA), Belo Horizonte - MG. E-mail: [email protected] Luiz A.M. Peruch. Estação Experimental de Urussanga, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), Urussanga - SC. E-mail: [email protected] Newton P. Stamford. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Solos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Norma S.S. Silveira. Departamento de Biologia - Área de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Raquel Ghini. Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna - SP. E-mail: [email protected] Rejane M.P. Galindo. Departamento de Biologia - Área de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Ricardo T. Casa. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade para o Desenvolvimento de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages - SC. E-mail: [email protected] Richard J. Heck. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Solos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Rosa L.R. Mariano. Departamento de Agronomia - Área de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Importância dos Patógenos e das Doenças Radiculares em Solos Tropicais 7 Rosa M.M. Guedes. Departamento de Biologia - Área de Ecologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Rui Sales Jr. Departamento de Ciências Vegetais, Escola Superior de Agricultura de Mossoró (ESAM), Mossoró - RN. E-mail: [email protected] Tânia L.M. Stamford. Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: E-mail: [email protected] Terezinha R. Câmara. Departamento de Química - Área de Química Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Uided M.T. Cavalcante. Departamento de Biologia - Área de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife - PE. E-mail: [email protected] Viviane J.L.B. Rodrigues. Delegacia Federal da Agricultura de Pernambuco, Ministério
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