DOCSLIB.ORG

Armor Mechanics

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Armor Mechanics Southwest Research ARMOR MECHANICS Institute® Southwest Research Institute® (SwRI®) has been Armor Technologies involved in armor mechanics, armor concepts, and design and evaluation for over 30 years, Types of Armor including experimental, analytical, and computa- ■ Monolithic tional studies. The staff is internationally recog- ■ Multi-material nized for their contributions to fundamental and ■ Multi-component KEYWORDS applied understanding of penetration and armor ■ Spaced plate mechanics. ■ Heavy Penetration Mechanics An integrated approachexperimentation, ■ Light ■ Reactive Armor Mechanics numerical simulation, and analytical modeling is used to investigate and solve fundamental ■ Active and applied problems in armor mechanics, armor Long-Rod Penetrators Materials applications and armor design, including reactive Small Arms and active armor systems. High-speed diagnostics ■ Metallics and a wide variety of launchers are used to sup- ■ Ceramics Body Armor port experimental studies. A complementary ■ Composites high-rate materials laboratory allows material ■ Fabrics Ballistic Testing characterization and determination of computa- ■ Explosives tional constitutive constants. ■ Inert elements Terminal Ballistics Applications and Experience Projectiles/Threats Ballistic Impact ■ Long rods ■ Low-speed impact ■ Frament-Simulating ■ Small arms Medium caliber Projectiles ■ Anti-tank kinetic energy projectiles 14.5 (B32, BS41) ■ Chemical energy threats 30-mm AP FSP 30-mm APDS ■ Armor efficiency assessment ■ ■ Evaluation of penetrator defeat mechanisms Small arms Shaped Charges ■ Testing of passive, reactive, and active armors Rifle Handgun Armor Concepts Armor-piercing Ball Armor Concept ■ FSPs Evaluation ■ Shaped charges Passive Armor Defeat Mechanisms Reactive Armor ■ Target strength ■ Obliquity Active Armor ■ Fracture D013737 ■ Yaw Scale-model ceramic laminate (RHA / Al2O3 / RHA) Homeland Security targets ■ Rotation ■ Spaced elements ■ Erosion ■ Spreading the load Applications ■ Ballistic limit ■ Ballistic protection design ■ Concept evaluation D013736 ■ Design improvements Numerical simulation of a long-rod projectile against a spaced-armor array SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE Facilities ■ Indoor ballistics range ■ 20/30-mm high-performance gun system ■ 50-mm high-performance cannon (impact velocities up to ~2.0 km/s) ■ Outdoor test areas, up to 1000 yards ■ Storage, handling, and application of explosives D013867 Flash x-ray of a long-rod projectile in ■ Fully equipped instrumentation trailer flight (top); same projectile after impact (high-speed data acquisition of pressure, to induce fracture (bottom) strain, displacement, etc.) ■ Flash radiography ■ High-speed video (up to 60,000 frames Damaged ceramic per second) tile, impacted by a ■ 7.62-mm APM2 bul- Ultra-high-speed digital imaging (up to let 100 million frames per second) D013866 Response of two types of alumi- num alloys to impact by a lead-filled ball round AI-7075 T6 AI-6061 T6 D0138641 Southwest Research Institute is an independent, nonprofit, applied engineering and physical sciences research and development organi- zation using multidisciplinary approaches to problem solving. The Institute occupies 1,200 acres in San Antonio, Texas, and provides more than 2 million square feet of laboratories, test facilities, work- shops and offices for more than 3,300 employees who perform con- tract work for industry and govern- ment clients. We welcome James D. Walker, Ph.D. your inquiries. Staff Scientist, Computational Mechanics Section For additional (210) 522-2051 information, [email protected] please contact: Engineering Dynamics Department Mechanical and Materials Engineering Division Southwest Research Institute Website: Southwest Research Institute www.swri.org 6220 Culebra Road • P.O. Drawer 28510 Engineering Dynamics Department Website: San Antonio, Texas 78228-0510 www.engdyn.swri.org Equal Opportunity Employer M/F/D/V Committed to Diversity in the Workplace JCN 225527 18-1130 ec.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wyoming an Interdisciplinary Forensic Science Unit Developed by the UW Science Posse
    CSI: Wyoming An interdisciplinary forensic science unit developed by the UW Science Posse. Question: Who did it? From the Bullet to the Bear (and Tree!) Developed by: Sabrina L. Cales 4/6/08 1:58:04 PM Grade Level: 7-8th Estimated Time: ~1 hour (omit clue ii) Topics Covered: Physics, Ballistics Standards and Benchmarks: 1. CONCEPTS AND PROCESSES In the context of unifying concepts and processes, students develop an understanding of scientific content through inquiry. Science is a dynamic process; concepts and content are best learned through inquiry and investigation. EARTH, SPACE, AND PHYSICAL SYSTEMS 10. The Structure and Properties of Matter: Students identify characteristic properties of matter such as density, solubility, and boiling point and understand that elements are the basic components of matter. 11. Physical and Chemical Changes in Matter: Students evaluate chemical and physical changes, recognizing that chemical change forms compounds with different properties and that physical change alters the appearance but not the composition of a substance. 12. Forms and Uses of Energy: Students investigate energy as a property of substances in a variety of forms with a range of uses. 13. The Conservation of Matter and Energy: Students identify supporting evidence to explain conservation of matter and energy, indicating that matter or energy cannot be created or destroyed but is transferred from one object to another. 14. Effects of Motions and Forces: Students describe motion of an object by position, direction, and speed, and identify the effects of force and inertia on an object. 2. SCIENCE AS INQUIRY Students demonstrate knowledge, skills, and habits of mind necessary to safely perform scientific inquiry.
    [Show full text]
  • Ballistics: Concepts and Connections with Applied Physics
    Orissa Journal of Physics © Orissa Physical Society Vol. 22, No.1 ISSN 0974-8202 February 2015 pp. 27-38 Ballistics: Concepts and Connections with Applied Physics K K CHAND1 and M C ADHIKARY2 1Scientist, Proof & Experimental Es tablishment (PXE), DRDO, Chandipur, Balasore 1 emails: [email protected] 2Reader in Applied Physics and Ballistics, FM University, Vyasavihar, Balasore, 2 [email protected] Received : 1.11.2014 ; Accepted : 10.1.2015 Abstract : Ballistics, a generic term, is intended for various physical applications, which deals with the properties and interactions of matter and energy, space and time. Discoveries theories and experiments provide an essential link between applied physics and ballistics problems. "Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the ballistics. It usually differs from ballistics in that an applied physicist may not be designing something in particular, but rather research on physical concepts and connected laws/theories with the aim of understanding or solving ballistics related problems. This approach is similar to that of ballistics, which is the name of the applied scientific field. Competence in Applied Physics and Ballistics (APAB) is important multidisciplinary research areas in armaments science. Because of their multidisciplinary nature, the APAB is inseparable from physical, mathematical, experimental and computational aspects. In this context, this paper discusses a brief review into the APAB, their important roles in the armament research. And also summarize some of the current APAB activities in academia, armament research institute and industry. 1. Introduction: Objectives and Scopes Applied physics is a branch of physics that concerns itself with the applications of physical laws and theories with experimental its knowledge to other domains.
    [Show full text]
  • Luckenbach Ballistics (Back to the Basics)
    Luckenbach Ballistics (Back to the Basics) Most of you have probably heard the old country‐ such as the Kestrel that puts both a weather western song, Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the station and a powerful ballistics computer in my Basics of Love). There is really a place named palm. We give credit to Sir Isaac Newton for Luckenbach near our family home in the Texas formulating the basics of ballistics and calculus Hill Country. There’s the old dance hall, there’s we still use. Newton’s greatest contribution is the general store, and there are a couple of old that he thought of ballistics in terms of time, not homes. The few buildings are near a usually‐ distance. One of Newton’s best known equations flowing creek with grassy banks and nice shade tells us the distance an object falls depending on trees. The gravel parking lot is often filled with gravity and fall time. With distance in meters and Harleys while the riders sit in the shade and enjoy time in seconds, Newton’s equation is a beer from the store. Locals drive by and shake their heads as they remember the town before it Distance = 4.9 x Time x Time. was made famous by the song and Willie Nelson’s Fourth‐of‐July Picnics. At a time of 2 seconds the distance is 19.6 meters. A rock dropped from 19.6 meters Don’t think of Luckenbach as a place. The song takes 2 seconds to reach the ground. A rock really describes an attitude or way of life.
    [Show full text]
  • Ballistic Aiming System Manual
    BALLISTICS AIMING SYSTEM Table of Contents Boone and Crockett™ Big Game Reticle ......................... Page 1 Varmint Hunter’s™ Reticle .................................... Page 11 LR Duplex® Reticle .......................................... Page 22 LRV Duplex® Reticle ......................................... Page 29 SAbot Ballistics Reticle (SA.B.R.®) ............................. Page 34 Ballistic FireDot® Reticle ..................................... Page 44 Multi-FireDot™ Reticle....................................... Page 51 Pig-Plex Ballistic Reticle...................................... Page 59 TMOA™ Reticles ............................................ Page 64 Various language translations of the BAS Manual can be found at www.leupold.com. La traduction en français du manuel BAS se trouve à www.leupold.com. La traducción al español del manual BAS se encuentra en www.leupold.com. Das BAS-Handbuch in deutscher Sprache finden Sie unter www.leupold.com. La traduzione in italiano del manuale BAS è pubblicata sul sito seguente: www.leupold.com. 1 The Leupold Ballistics Aiming System®– Boone and Crockett™ Big Game Reticle The goal of every hunter is a successful hunt with a clean harvest. It was with this in mind that Leupold® created the Leupold Ballistics Aiming System®. Because we so strongly agree with the Boone and Crockett Club’s legacy of wildlife conservation and ethical fair chase hunting, we have designated one of the system’s reticles as the Boone and Crockett™ Big Game reticle. The Boone and Crockett Big Game reticle gives the hunter very useful tools intended to bring about successful hunts with clean and efficient harvests. Through the use of these straightforward and easy-to-follow instructions, it is sincerely hoped that all hunters will find their skills improved and their hunts more successful. Boone and Crockett Club® is a registered trademark of the Boone and Crockett Club, and is used with their expressed written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Executive Summary of the National Academy of Science (NAS)
    Ballistic Imaging (Free Executive Summary) http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12162.html Free Executive Summary Ballistic Imaging Daniel L. Cork, John E. Rolph, Eugene S. Meieran, and Carol V. Petrie, Editors, Committee to Assess the Feasibility, Accuracy and Technical Capability of a National Ballistics Database, National Research Council ISBN: 978-0-309-11724-1, 386 pages, 6 x 9, paperback (2008) This free executive summary is provided by the National Academies as part of our mission to educate the world on issues of science, engineering, and health. If you are interested in reading the full book, please visit us online at http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12162.html . You may browse and search the full, authoritative version for free; you may also purchase a print or electronic version of the book. If you have questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, please contact our customer service department toll-free at 888-624-8373. This executive summary plus thousands more available at www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF file are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Distribution or copying is strictly prohibited without permission of the National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu/permissions/ Permission is granted for this material to be posted on a secure password-protected Web site. The content may not be posted on a public Web site. Ballistic Imaging http://books.nap.edu/catalog/12162.html Executive Summary Since the late 1980s computerized imaging technology has been used to assist forensic firearms examiners in finding potential links between images of ballistics evidence gathered from crime scene investigations, namely, cartridge cases and bullets from fired guns.
    [Show full text]
  • Interpol Ballistic Information Network Handbook on The
    INTERPOL BALLISTIC INFORMATION NETWORK HANDBOOK ON THE COLLECTION AND SHARING OF BALLISTIC DATA Second Edition 2012 Contents PART 1: GENERAL INFORMATION INTERPOL ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 INTRODUction ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 INTERPOL FIREARMS Programme .............................................................................................................. 9 PART 2: BALLISTICS ON THE INTERNATIONAL STAGE INTERPOL BALLISTIC Information NetWORK (IBIN) ............................................................14 INTERPOL Charter ....................................................................................................................................................17 IBIN STEERING Committee ................................................................................................................................30 PART 3: OPERATING WITHIN IBIN ...................................................................................................................25 A GUIDE to USING THE IBIN NetWORK ..................................................................................................33 BEST Practice FOR LAUNCHING IBIN Correlations ..........................................................34 BEST Practice FOR CASES WITH AN UNKNOWN
    [Show full text]
  • Ballistic Free
    FREE BALLISTIC PDF Mark Greaney | 467 pages | 04 Oct 2011 | Penguin Putnam Inc | 9780425244081 | English | New York, NY, United States Ballistics - Wikipedia Cameron said his team of investigators reconstructed Ballistic events that took place that night by reviewing ballistic s Ballistic, calls, police radio Ballistic, and interviews. Russia is also working on new a fleet of ballistic missile submarines, attack submarines to operate under the ice caps. What is basically being attempted is a ballisticsub-orbital flight, like a ride atop a Ballistic missile. Police Ballistic Lonnie Franklin Jr. Sanctions failed to Ballistic North Korea from developing nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles Ballistic deliver them. This cannon Fig. Ballistic and ballistic pendulums on the northeast, and the steam boiler house on the northwest portions. Given the ballistic coefficient Ballistic, the initial velocity V, and a range of R yds. As for Ballistic ballistic properties of the piece, they are very remarkable. But a rule of thumb might be attacks on a target beyond range of surface-based fires except for ballistic or cruise missiles. See how many words from the week of Oct 12—18, you get right! Idioms for ballistic go ballisticInformal. Words nearby ballistic ball iceBallisticballismballismusballistaballisticballistic cameraballistic galvanometerballistic missileballistic pendulumballistics. Winter will make the pandemic worse. Iran and the Sanctions Ballistic Stephen L. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Ballistic. LXX, Dec.
    [Show full text]
  • Forensic Geoscience: Applications of Geology, Geomorphology and Geophysics to Criminal Investigations
    Forensic Geoscience: applications of geology, geomorphology and geophysics to criminal investigations Ruffell, A., & McKinley, J. (2005). Forensic Geoscience: applications of geology, geomorphology and geophysics to criminal investigations. Earth-Science Reviews, 69(3-4)(3-4), 235-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.08.002 Published in: Earth-Science Reviews Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:26. Sep. 2021 Earth-Science Reviews 69 (2005) 235–247 www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Forensic geoscience: applications of geology, geomorphology and geophysics to criminal investigations Alastair Ruffell*, Jennifer McKinley School of Geography, Queen’s University, Belfast, BT7 1NN, N. Ireland Received 12 January 2004; accepted 24 August 2004 Abstract One hundred years ago Georg Popp became the first scientist to present in court a case where the geological makeup of soils was used to secure a criminal conviction.
    [Show full text]
  • Ballistics: As an Olden Physical Science
    Orissa Journal of Physics © Orissa Physical Society Vol. 25, No.1 ISSN 0974-8202 February 2018 pp. 23-38 Ballistics: As an Olden Physical Science KK CHAND1 and R APPAVURAJ2 Proof & Experimental Establishment(PXE), Chandipur, Balasore, Orissa, India ([email protected] [email protected]) (1,2corresponding author) Received: 13.11.2017 ; Revised : 9.12.2017 ; Accepted :8.1.2018 Abstract. Ballistics (Internal, Intermediate, External, Terminal and Wound) a generic term is intended for various engineering and technological applications, which deals with the properties and interactions of matter and energy, space and time. Discovery via experiment provides an essential link between physics and applied system problems. The approach is similar to that of ballistics, which is the name of the applied scientific field. Competence in Physics and Ballistics (PB) is important interdisciplinary research areas in armaments. Because of their interdisciplinary nature, the PB is inseparable from physical, mathematical, experimental and computational aspects. In this context, this paper will provide a brief review into the PB, their important role in the artillery research and also summarize some of the current PB activities in academia, artillery research institute and industry. 1. Introduction: Scopes and Objectives Physics is a branch of physics that concerns itself with the applications of physical knowledge to other domains. It is the discipline that deals with concepts such as matter and energy, space and time. It is the most fundamental science, and enabling discipline underpinning much of our engineering and technology. Physics and Ballistics (PB) consist of physical laws and experiments and results, including those from "pure" physical areas, which are used to assist in the investigation of problems or questions originating outside of physics.
    [Show full text]
  • External Ballistics Primer for Engineers Part I: Aerodynamics & Projectile Motion
    402.pdf A SunCam online continuing education course External Ballistics Primer for Engineers Part I: Aerodynamics & Projectile Motion by Terry A. Willemin, P.E. 402.pdf External Ballistics Primer for Engineers A SunCam online continuing education course Introduction This primer covers basic aerodynamics, fluid mechanics, and flight-path modifying factors as they relate to ballistic projectiles. To the unacquainted, this could sound like a very focused or unlikely topic for most professional engineers, and might even conjure ideas of guns, explosions, ICBM’s and so on. But, ballistics is both the science of the motion of projectiles in flight, and the flight characteristics of a projectile (1). A slightly deeper dive reveals the physics behind it are the same that engineers of many disciplines deal with regularly. This course presents a conceptual description of the associated mechanics, augmented by simplified algebraic equations to clarify understanding of the topics. Mentions are made of some governing equations with focus given to a few specialized cases. This is not an instructional tool for determining rocket flight paths, or a guide for long-range shooting, and it does not offer detailed information on astrodynamics or orbital mechanics. The primer has been broken into two modules or parts. This first part deals with various aerodynamic effects, earth’s planetary effects, some stabilization methods, and projectile motion as they each affect a projectile’s flight path. In part II some of the more elementary measurement tools a research engineer may use are addressed and a chapter is included on the ballistic pendulum, just for fun. Because this is introductory course some of the sections are laconic/abridged touches on the matter; however, as mentioned, they carry application to a broad spectrum of engineering work.
    [Show full text]
  • Interpol Ballistics Information Network Handbook on the Collection and Sharing of Ballistics Data
    IBIN INTERPOL BALLISTICS INFORMATION NETWORK HANDBOOK ON THE COLLECTION AND SHARING OF BALLISTICS DATA Third Edition 2014 Page | 2 CONTENT CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION ......................................................................... 5 INTERPOL ............................................................................................ 6 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 7 INTERPOL FIREARMS PROGRAMME ..................................................... 9 CHAPTER 2 BALLISTICS ON THE INTERNATIONAL STAGE ............................................ 11 INTERPOL BALLISTICS INFORMATION NETWORK ................................. 12 IBIN PARTICIPATION AGREEMENTS .................................................... 15 IBIN STEERING COMMITTEE ............................................................... 46 CHAPTER 3 OPERATING WITHIN IBIN ........................................................................ 47 A GUIDE TO USING THE IBIN NETWORK............................................... 48 BEST PRACTICE FOR LAUNCHING IBIN CORRELATIONS ......................... 49 BEST PRACTICE FOR CASES WITH AN UNKNOWN OCCURRENCE DATE .. 57 VALIDATED PROCESS FOR CREATING DOUBLE CASTS .......................... 61 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICITY OF EVIDENCE SUBMITTED ................... 82 IBIN COMMUNICATION FLOW ............................................................ 83 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................... 85 Page | 3 Page | 4 CHAPTER 1
    [Show full text]
  • Ballistics Rifle Ammunition Product Lines
    ® Ballistics Rifle Ammunition Product Lines: AG American Gunner™ C Custom™ FB Full Boar™ PH Precision Hunter™ SM Superformance® Match V Varmint Express® AW American Whitetail® CL Custom Lite® LEV LEVERevolution® S Steel Match® SV Superformance® Varmint VM Vintage Match™ B Hornady BLACK™ DG Dangerous Game™ Series M Match™ SF Superformance® T TAP® FPD™ Hornady® Bullet Types: A-MAX® DGX® . Dangerous Game™ FP . Flat Point GMX® . Copper Alloy LRN . Lead Round Nose RN . Round Nose SST® . Super Shock Tip BT . Boattail eXpanding FPB® . Flex Tip® Projectile eXpanding ML . Muzzleloading SIL . Silhouette V . Vented BTHP . Boattail Hollow ELD-X® Extremely Low Blackpowder HP . Hollow Point MonoFlex® SJ . Short Jacket V-MAX® Drag - eXpanding ® ® ® Point FTX . Flex Tip InterBond NTX® . Non-Traditional SP . Spire Point XTP® . eXtreme Terminal ® ELD® Match eXpanding ™ DGS . Dangerous L . Swaged Lead eXpanding SP-RP . Spire Point Performance Game Solid FMJ . Full Metal Jacket Bullet OTM . Open-Tip Match Recoil Proof Rifle Ballistics Ammo Description Velocity (fps) Energy (ft/lb) Trajectory Tables (inches) CARTRIDGE BULLET ITEM # MUZ 100 yd 200 yd 300 yd 400 yd 500 yd MUZ 100 yd 200 yd 300 yd 400 yd 500 yd MUZ 100 yd 200 yd 300 yd 400 yd 500 yd V 17 Mach 2 15.5 gr. NTX® 83176 2050 1450 1070 — — — 145 72 39 — — — -1.5 0 -15.6 — — — V 17 Mach 2 17 gr. V-MAX® 83177 2100 1531 1133 — — — 166 88 48 — — — -1.5 0 -13.8 — — — V 17 HMR 15.5 gr. NTX® 83171 2525 1830 1291 — — — 219 115 57 — — — -1.5 0 -9.3 — — — V 17 HMR 17 gr.
    [Show full text]