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Catalogue of Sponges, Cnidarians, and Echinoderms from Brazil Based on a Historical Inventory of the Invertebrate Collection Paulo Young (CIPY)

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Catalogue of Sponges, Cnidarians, and Echinoderms from Brazil Based on a Historical Inventory of the Invertebrate Collection Paulo Young (CIPY) Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections Volume 4, Number 2, 2020 E-ISSN: 2601-4292 RESEARCH ARTICLE Catalogue of Sponges, Cnidarians, and Echinoderms From Brazil Based on a Historical Inventory of the Invertebrate Collection Paulo Young (CIPY) Anne Isabelley Gondim1,2 , Martin Lindsey Christoffersen1 , Thelma Lúcia Pereira Dias2 Abstract Scientific collections represent a highly relevant social legacy. They provide a source for research and production of human resources at several academic levels and play a key role 1Federal University of Paraíba, Department for the preservation of biodiversity. The Invertebrate Collection Paulo Young (CIPY), held of Systematics and Ecology, Invertebrate at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), contains one of the most complete Laboratory Paulo Young, Phylogeny collections of shallow water marine invertebrates from Northeastern Brazil. It contains Laboratory, João Pessoa, Brazil 2Paraíba State University, Graduate Program about 18,000 catalogued samples, and circa 2-3 times more samples awaiting identification in Ecology and Conservation, Campina and registration. The samples were collected in a variety of natural and artificial marine Grande, Brazil environments (e. g., coastal reefs, mangroves, and shipwrecks). The main collection is ORCID: A.I.G. 0000-0001-6993-5291; subdivided into seven main groups (Porifera, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea, T.L.P.D. 0000-0003-3920-6682; Echinodermata, and Ascidiacea), and other smaller groups (Bryozoa, Echiura, Sipuncula, Pycnogonida, Enteropneusta, and marine Turbellaria). Using only identified and registered Received: 02.03.2020 samples, we catalogued 285 species among the phyla Porifera (89 spp.), Cnidaria (93 spp.), Revision Requested: 03.04.2020 Last Revision Received: 15.04.2020 and Echinodermata (103 spp.). The collection has 36 types of species (including three Accepted: 20.05.2020 Porifera, one Cnidaria, and four Echinodermata). Considering its representativeness, this collection has a valuable record of Brazilian national marine diversity. Thus, the CIPY Correspondence: Anne Isabelley Gondim [email protected] deserves to be known, recognized, and made available for study. Keywords: Zoological collections, biodiversity, benthos, conservation, Citation: Gondim, A. I., Christoffersen, M. L., & Pereira-Dias, T. L. (2020). Catalogue North-eastern Brazil of sponges, cnidarians, and echinoderms from brazil based on a historical inventory of the invertebrate Collection Paulo Young (CIPY). Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections, 4(2), 30–63. https://doi.org/10.26650/tjbc.20200099 Introduction first scientific collection in the country, founded in 1818. It appeared as an initiative of Emperor Dom João VI Scientific collections have been a vital part of scientific (Carvalho, 1988; Zaher & Young, 2003). But, only in the knowledge for centuries. They play a crucial role in fields second half of the nineteenth century did an expansion of lying at the forefront of the biological sciences. These natural history museums occurr in the country (Possamai include the study of biodiversity and its losses, biological in Andrade, 2018). The XXth century has been considered invasions, global climate change, and reconstructions of the century of museums in Brazil (Chagas, 2009). evolutionary patterns and processes (Shaffer et al., 1998; Presently, the zoological collections of the country are Suarez & Tsutsui, 2004; Pyke & Ehrlich, 2010; Bi et al., basically concentrated in museums (e. g., the Museu 2013; Gomes et al., 2016). In Brazil, the Imperial Museum Nacional do Rio de Janeiro - MNRJ, Museu Paraense (later the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro) held the Emílio Goeldi - MPEG, Museu de Zoologia da This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License Gondim, Christoffersen & Dias Universidade de São Paulo – MZUSP), institutes (e. g., integrates the national CGEN (Conselho de Gestão do Instituto Butantan) and, mainly, in departments of public Patrimônio Genético/Proc. Nº02000.002852/2002-37). universities. This last category includes collections The collection has more than 18,000 registered samples without the status of museums, and are usually associated and several samples 2-3 times larger awaiting with laboratories (Marinoni et al., 1988). identification and registration. The collection has seven The Invertebrate Collection Paulo Young (CIPY) was main sub-collections (Porifera, Cnidaria, Mollusca, officially created in the 90s. Originally, it was known as the Annelida, Crustacea, Echinodermata, and Ascidiacea) Collection of Marine Invertebrates. The origin of this and other smaller collections (Bryozoa, Echiura, collection, however, dates from the year 1977. It was Sipuncula, Pycnogonida, Enteropneusta, and marine organized in response to the demand of biology professors Turbellaria). The collection houses mainly marine and students from the Departamento de Sistemática e animals, but freshwater specimens of Porifera, Mollusca, Ecologia (DSE), at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba Crustacea, and Annelida, and terrestrial specimens of the (UFPB) (João Pessoa, Paraíba State). During this period three latter groups are also represented. These units vary attempts to investigate and catalogue the biodiversity in in geographic scope. There are collections with Northeast Brazil were just starting. The first collections international, national, and regional coverage. The CIPY organized were those of Crustacea and Mollusca, by the is a unique collection in the country, being the only one to researchers Dr Maria da Conceição Quintino Farias and Dr have systematically surveyed the entire north-eastern Maria Priscila Muniz Djick, respectively. Between 1981 region (from the north of Maranhão to the south of Bahia). and 1982, the CIPY was significantly increased, both in This area represents 42.5% of the entire Brazilian littoral number of specimens and in diversity of taxa, as the result zone (Gondim et al., 2014a). Currently, part of the of a National Zoology Program – “Project Fauna”, financed collection is stored in mobile compact shelves in an air- by the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento conditioned room. The entire collection is organized Científico e Tecnológico), under the supervision of Dr according to the taxonomy of each zoological group. In Martin L. Christoffersen. During this project, marine addition, the collection is catalogued in Microsoft Excel macroinvertebrates were systematically collected along the spreadsheets and hosted in a cloud saved service. beaches from the State of Maranhão to Bahia (01°02′N Considering the importance of disclosing and 18°20′S), including Abrolhos Archipelago (Bahia). As a expanding access to the material contained in the CIPY, result, the CIPY obtained the most representative faunal we provide an annotated catalogue of the Porifera, samples from North-eastern Brazil. Cnidaria, and Echinodermata deposited in this collection. Since this foundation, several marine invertebrates We further discuss the main requirements and demands of have been constantly added to the collection, as a result of Brazilian scientific collections in general. Additionally, research projects developed by professors and students of we also provide a summary list of the types of species the Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Other material has housed in the CIPY. been obtained by donations from Brazilian researchers or in exchanges with other national and international Material and Methods institutions. This collection also houses material of selected zoological groups (e. g., Mollusca and Echinodermata) The information used herein was obtained from consulting dredged by important oceanographical expeditions such as book logs, revising samples deposited in the CIPY, and Geomar, Akaroa, and Project Algas-PB. from published information on the material in this Despite its relevance, the CIPY was neglected for collection (Gondim et al., 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013a, many years. Under the initiative of Dr Carmen Alonso b, c 2014a, b, 2015a, b, 2018a, b; Prata & Christoffersen, Samiguel, its material was recovered and revitalized. 2016, 2017; Prata et al., 2014a, 2017, 2020; Santos & After her retirement in 2012, the responsibility for Pinheiro, 2013, 2016; Barros et al., 2013). For each taxon curatorship returned to Dr M. L. Christoffersen. The we provide the state in which they were found (MA, name of the collection is an homage to Dr Paulo Secchin Maranhão; PI, Piauí; CE, Ceará; RN, Rio Grande do Young (MN/UFRJ), who significantly contributed to the Norte; PB, Paraíba; PE, Pernambuco; AL, Alagoas; SE, expansion of the collection during the period in which he Sergipe; BA, Bahia. A few extralimital records are also completed his Master’s degree in the Programa de Pós- indicated: PA, Pará, in Northern Brazil; and ES, Espírito Graduação em Zoologia (PPGCB) of UFPB. The CIPY Santo, RJ, Rio de Janeiro and SP, São Paulo, in the Turk J Biosci Collect. 2020 31 Gondim, Christoffersen & Dias Southeastern Region). In addition, voucher numbers, data on habitat, depth and ecological information contained in the field label were included. The taxonomic list is organized systematically according to specialized literature and online resources, such as the Porifera Database (Van Soest et al., 2020), World List of Scleractinia (Hoeksema & Cairns, 2020), World Register of Marine Species: WoRMS (2020), Asteroidea DataBase (Mah, 2020), World Echinoidea Database (Kroh & Mooi, 2020), and Ophiuroidea
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