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A Guide to Waterton/Glacier International Peace Park Summer -1995 Strong Roots A small group of teenagers had gathered concerned persons. next century. To meet future challenges, new from places across Canada for the experience of In 1886, William Pearce, Canada's Superin­ approaches must sprout from the strong roots a lifetime - aweek in a mountain national park. tendent of Mines, recommended "the vicinity which have sustained us this far. So far, some were wondering if the mountains around the lakes which rise near the 49 th Paral­ Let's continue to look to the landscape and were really there. They'd seen nothing but rain lel and empty by the Waterton River into the the wildlife for inspiration. Lakes and moun­ and more rain. Then came the bus trip. Is it Belly River" be protected as a national park. tain ranges cross international boundaries - so worth climbing unseen mountains, through This recommendation was supported by oth­ do seeds, elk, geese and grizzlies. They do this thickening cloud? In an instant-WOW!! - they ers living near the Waterton Lakes such as because they are connected to the realities of break through the cloud to bright sun, tower­ FredrickGodsal and Kootenai Brown. Inspired survival rather than the limitations of bound­ ing peaks and green meadows scattered with by this place, they successfully lobbied for its aries. The survival ofou r national parks will also glacier lily stars. Aweek of weary weather evapo­ protection. In 1895 the Waterton Lakes Forest depend on OUR ability to see beyond bound­ rates in the sun as the experience burns into Park was created. One hundred years later it has aries; to work with and respect our neighbours. memory. Logan Pass, one of the premier spots evolved to become the Waterton Lakes National While continuing to critically assess any new in the International Peace Park, strikes awe in Park we know today. developments in our parks, we must also realize another group of travellers. Similarly, George Bird Grinnell wrote about actions taken outside our boundaries may have This is not an uncommon occurrence in and lobbied for the creation of Glacier National the most significant impacts. our national parks. They protect the very best Park. His efforts were rewarded in 1910 with While reading this paper, you will find many representatives ofth e diverse landscapes found the park's creation and to this day, as we cel­ examples of projects involving people reaching throughout North America - landscapes which ebrate Glacier's 85th anniversary, he remains across boundaries to work together for mutual are quickly disappearing under the tide of hu­ "the father of Glacier Park". benefits. Efforts such as these, based on respect man use. As you experience these places, it's Anniversaries such as Waterton s centennial for the land, are the key to the survival of our hard to imagine their preservation was won by and Glacier's 85th are good times to acknowl­ parks. As in the past, success will be made up of anything other than grand and heroic effort. In edge past efforts and also to assess what will be the efforts of many regular folks. Will you be fact, they were created by the simple actions of required to protect these places through the among that group? Come Along Imagine hiking over the international border along the deepest lake in the Cana­ dian Rockies; surrounded by mountains and meadows; led by knowledgeable Canadian and American park staff; and topped offwith a glorious lake cruise back to town. This event actually exists and you are invited. The International Peace Park Hike is a free event held Saturdays from July 1st through September 2nd. Participants meet at the Bertha Trailhead in Waterton Lakes National Park at 10 a.m. You must bring a lunch, water, rain gear, jacket or sweater, hat, and wear good footwear for walking. Dogs are not permitted. Although the trail is not difficult, you will be hiking most of the day (14km - 8.5 mi.). We'll be back to Waterton Park about 6 p.m. The hike is free but you'll need to purchase a one-way boat cruise ticket to return. Adults - $10.00, Youth 13 to 17 - $7.00, Children 4 to 12-$5.00 What better way to celebrate Waterton's 100th and Glacier's 85th birthdays? In the backcountry of Waterton/Glacier International Peace Park NPS Photo What is an International Peace Park? The Bear Facts Important information on camping and Waterton Lakes National Park and Gla­ deep valleys, of alpine meadows, dense for­ traveled south and established a pack. An hiking in bear country page 8 cier National Park together form the world's ests and prairie grasslands; a combination eagle chick hatched in Glacier in 1991 and first International Peace Park. In 1932, largely that provides habitats for a spectacular array fitted with radio telemetry was tracked all Park Hazards through the work of the Alberta and Mon­ of plants and animals, unrestricted by the the way to Calgary. The wind and water dis­ Information regarding park hazards and tana chapters of Rotary International, the political boundary of the international bor­ perse seeds from one country to another. emergency phone numbers page 5 Canadian Parliament and the United States der. An international elk herd summers in The International Peace Park is not a mere Congress designated Waterton Lakes and Glacier National Park and migrates symbol, but a real example ofwha t conserva­ Biking, Hiking, and Camping Glacier National Parks as Waterton/Glacier downslope to winter on rhe prairies of tion and cooperation can achieve. Glacier page 2 International Peace Park. Waterton. For years Glacier had no wolves Waterton Lakes pages 4 & 10. This is a land of high mountains and until a few animals from British Columbia Glacier National Park • 21 Information Entrance Fees Apgar Visitor Center Logan Pass Visitor Center Golden Eagle Passport $25.00 Single Vehicle Pass $5.00 April 29-June 17 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Early June-June 17 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Valid at all Federal entrance fee parks or areas Valid at Glacier National Park for 7 days. June 18 - Sept. 4 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. June 18-June 30 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. for 1 year from month of purchase. Commercial Tour Vehicle Fees Sept. 5 - Sept. 30 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. July 1 - Aug. 14* 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Golden Age Passports $10.00 Fees are based on vehicle seating capacity, Oct. 1 - Oct. 31 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. *The Logan PassVisitor Center will close for Lifetime pass, available to U.S. residents 62 not occupancy: 1 -6 seats, $30.00; 7-25 seats, After October 31 open only on weekends. the season at 5 p.m. on August 14. and over, valid at all Federal fee areas. $45.00; 26 or more seats, $100.00. St. Mary Visitor Center Many Glacier Ranger Station Glacier National Park Pass.... $15.00 May 27-June 17 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. June 10-Sept. 17 8 a.m. to4:30p.m. Valid for 1 year from month of purchase. Separate entrance fees are charged at June 18 - Sept. 4 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. Headquarters Building Single Person Entry $3.00 Waterton Lakes National Park. Sept. 5 - Sept. 30 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Weekdays 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Entry into Glacier National Park by foot, bicycle, or motorcycle for 7 days.

Take a Hike Over half of the visitors to Glacier Na­ of the Cedars, Huckleberry Mountain, Hid­ Trail of the Cedars is wheelchair accessible. backcountry permit. Permits are issued on a tional Park report taking a hike. That's a lot den Lake, Sun Point, and Swiftcurrent Na­ Hikers planning to camp overnight in "first-come, first-served" basis no more than of hikers, but over 700 miles of trail provide ture Trails encourage hikers to experience Glacier's backcountry must stop at a visitor 24 hours in advance of your trip. many outstanding opportunities for both Glacier National Park at their own pace.The center or ranger station and obtain a free Park concessioners offer shuttles for hik­ short hikes and extended backpacking trips. ers. Rocky Mountains Transportation oper­ Hikers need to assume individual responsi­ ates shuttles to all major trailheads on the bility forplanningtheirtrips and hiking safely. Going-to-the-Sun Road from July 1 through Before setting out on your hike, read all the Labor Day. Shuttle schedules are available at warnings and recommendations on pages bus stops and visitor centers, or you can make 5,6,7 and 8 of this newspaper. You will in­ reservations by calling (406) 862-2539. Gla­ crease your odds of a safe hike, decrease your cier Park Inc., offersamorningHiker'sShuttle disturbance to park wildlife, and lessen cu­ from the Many Glacier Hotel to trailheads at mulative damage to resources. Siyeh Bend, Logan Pass and the Loop. Hik­ Good day hikes are plentiful and free maps ers should inquire at the hotel desk. of popular trails are available at park visitor centers.Visitor center bookstores carry acom- Join a park ranger for an easy stroll, a plete line of trail guides, topographic maps vigorous day hike, a scenic boat ride, or and field guides to aid the hiker. Publica­ an evening program. The Nature with a tions are also available by mail. Call the Gla­ Naturalist publication lists ranger-led cier Natural History Association at (406) activities offered throughout the park. 888-5756, to request a catalog. Free copies are available at visitor Five self-guided walks interpret trailside centers and entrance stations. features with brochures and signs. TheTrail Taking a break along the Highline Trail NPS Photo Bicycling Pets & Parks In Glacier wheeled vehicles are restricted from Logan Creek to Logan Pass are closed Hiker - Biker Campsites To protect park wildlife and assure visitor to established roadways, bike routes or park­ to bicycle use between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. A limited number of sites at Apgar, Fish safety, special regulations apply to pets.While ing areas and are not allowed on trails. Start early if you plan to cross Logan Pass. It Creek, Sprague Creek, Avalanche, Rising in the park pets must be on a leash no longer Waterton Lakes National Park does allow takes about 45 minutes to ride from Sprague Sun, Two Medicine, and St. Mary Camp­ than 6 feet, and under physical restraint or mountain bikes on a few specific trails. Creek to Logan Creek and about three hours grounds are reserved until 9:00 p.m. for bi­ caged. Pets are not allowed in eating estab­ Bicyclists must observe all traffic regula­ from Logan Creek to Logan Pass. cyclists, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Sites lishments, stores, or visitor centers. Dog ken­ tions, keep well to the right side of the road • In low visibility (fog or darkness) a white are shared and have a capacity of 8 people; nels are available in nearby communities. and ride in single fileonly . Pull off the road if light in front and a red reflector on the rear larger groups must split up. The fee is $3.00 Pets are prohibited on trails or on any four or more vehicles stack up behind you. of your bicycle are required. per person. roads closed to motor vehicles in Glacier Due to heavy traffic, from June 15 • Be visible! Attach a bright flag on a pole If hiker/biker sites are full, campers must National Park. Pets on a leash are allowed through Labor Day, the sections of the Go- and wear light-colored clothing. use regular unoccupied campsites. on trails in Waterton Lakes National Park. ing-to-the-Sun Road from Apgar Camp­ • Watch for falling rocks, drainage grates, ground to Sprague Creek Campground and and ice on road.

Camping Collecting Firewood Prohibited Campgrounds are operated on a "first- most provide restrooms with flush toilets and Glacier and Waterton Lakes National north of Fish Creek Campground to Kintla come, first-served"basis . No reservations are cold running water. Utility hookups are not Parks prohibit gathering firewood from along Lake, along the Bowman Lake Road, and in accepted. Camping is permitted only at des­ provided, but disposal stations are available roads or near developed cam pgrounds. Dead the vicinity of backcountry campgrounds ignated locations. No overflow or roadside at the larger campgrounds. and decaying wood plays an important part where firesar e permitted. Parkstaffwill mon­ camping is permitted. Campsites are limited • Showers are available for a fee at Rising in nutrient cycling and provides a habitat for itor these areas to assess continued availabil­ to 8 people and 2 vehicles per site. Sun and Swiftcurrent Motor Inns and at many species. As supplies of dead and down ity and resource impacts associated with All cam pgrounds have drinki ng water and campgrounds adjacent to Glacier. wood are depleted, continued collecting pro­ collecting. • Group campsites for parties of 9-24 peo­ motes unsightly social trail development and Plan to arrive early. The more popular ple are available at Apgar, Many Glacier, vegetation damage. Fires are permitted only in designated campgrounds often fill before noon, St. Mary, and Two Medicine. The fee is Collecting firewood is permitted along campgrounds and picnic areas where especially in July and August. $3.00 per person per night. the inside North Fork Road from one mile grates are provided.

Campgrounds Dates of Daily Fee I Total Numberi Maximum RV Length and 1 Flush ToiletsM Disposal 1 Boat Access 1 Special Operation U.S. Funds of Sites | # of Maximum Length Sites Station Information Apgar 5/12 - 10/16 $10.00 196 8 sites for RV's up to 35' Yes Yes Yes O Avalanche 6/9 - 8/29 $10.00 87 50 sites for RV's up to 26' Yes Yes No Bowman Lake 5/19 - 9/5 $8.00 48 30 sites for RV's up to 22' No No Yes 0© Cut Bank Closed Fish Creek 5/26 • 9/5 $10.00 180 80 sites for RV's up to 26' Yes Yes No Kintla Lake 5/26 - 9/5 $8.00 13 All sites for RV's up to 18' No No Yes 0© Many Glacier 5/26 • 9/11 $10.00 110 13 sites for RV's up to 35' Yes Yes Yes Rising Sun 6/2 • 9/11 $10.00 83 3 sites for RV's up to 30' Yes Yes Yes Sprague Creek 6/2 - 10/2 $10.00 25 No Towed Units Yes No No St. Mary 5/26 - 9/11 $10.00 156 5 sites for RV's up to 30' Yes Yes No O Two Medicine 5/26 - 9/11 $10.00 99 13 sites for RV's up to 32' Yes Yes Yes © O Primitive camping is available through the fall, winter, and spring. © Primitive camping is available before and after the listed dates, when road © Campground accessible by dirt road only, large units not recommended. conditions permit. Glacier National Park 3l Going-to-the-Sun Road Information Crime in the Parks Vehicle Size Restrictions For visitors with oversize vehicles, alter­ Road Construction National parks have experienced an in­ Vehicle size restrictions are in effect on native transportation is available. Tours in This summer road construction activity crease in crime in recent years. Car burglar­ the Going-to-the-Sun Road. The 52-mile historic open topped red buses may be booked around Logan Pass may affectyour use of the ies and theft of personal property are not road combines history and unparalleled through park hotels, or a shuttle service is Going-to-the-Sun Road. uncommon.When you leave your vehicle or mountain scenery, but it was not designed available with several stops be twee nWest Gla­ To continue to provide visitor access and campsitesecureallvaluablesoutof plain view. for the number or size of today's vehicles. cier and St. Mary. For information and reser­ to avoid as many traffic problems as possible, If you observe suspicious activity, contact a Vehicles longer than 21 feet and wider than vations contact the numbers listed under construction will take place primarily at night. ranger as soon as possible. Descriptions of 8 feet are prohibited between Avalanche "Transportation" on page 11. Rental cars are This will require that a portion of the road be individuals, vehicles, or license numbers are Campground and the Sun Point parking area available in surrounding area communities. closed most nights starting July 5th. extremely helpful. (see map on page 12). July 5th through August 14th From Sunday through/Thursday the Go­ Be Aware That Vehicles longer than 21 feet and wider than 8 feet are prohibited between Avalanche ing-to-the-Sun Road between Big Bend and • Feeding or disturbing wildlife is against Campground and the Sun Point parking area. Logan Pass will close nightly at 9 p.m. and park regulations. reopen the following morning at 7 a.m. • All food and utensils must be properly August 15th through October 16th stored (see camping article on page 8). From Sunday throughThursday the Go­ • Removal of any natural or cultural feature ing-to-the-Sun Road between Big Bend and like flowers, rocks, artifacts, or antlers is Siyeh Bend will close nightly at 9 p.m. and prohibited. reopen the following morning at 7 a.m. • Loaded firearms are not allowed in Gla­ Also on August 15th the Logan PassVisi- cier. Unloaded firearm s may be transported tor Center and parking lot will close for the in a vehicle if the weapon is cased, broken season to allow time for reconstruction of down or rendered inoperable, and kept out the parking lot. After August 15, there will of sight. be no overnight parking available anywhere • Open containers of alcohol in a motor ve­ between Big Bend and Siyeh Bend. Visitors hicle are prohibited. may continue to use scenic turnouts during the day, for stops of short duration only. Regulations are designed to protect park resources and preserve the quality of A brochure describing construction activities is available at all entrance gates and visitor centers in Glacier National Park. your visit. Park rangers strictly enforce We regret any inconvenience and thank you for your patience. park regulations.

Planning for the Future Mountain Weather Glaciet National Park has begun a We want to capture the concerns of those Glacier's summer weather is as varied as fall anytime. In August of 1992, a foot of comprehensive planning effort to help guide who really matter — people like yourself. its landscape. In the valleys, daytime tem­ snow fell on the not theastern cot ner of Gla­ futute park management. Planning involves During the next two years there will be peratures can exceed 90°F. Upslope, in areas cier. Prepare for a variety of weather condi­ identifying goals based on the legislative numerous opportunities for public input.To like Logan Pass, it is frequently 10 to 15 tions and pack accotdingly. You may start the intent of the park, analyzing existing encourage dialogue, we will use a variety of degtees cooler. Strong winds predominate day in a T-shirt and shorts and need a parka conditions and future possibilities, and methods including newsletters, public open on the east side. Overnight lows throughout by evening. Summer rainfall averages around determining the best course of action to houses, and interpretive programs in the park. the park can drop to near 20°F, and snow can two to three inches per month. accomplish goals.The General Management The park staff urges you to get involved! Plan and accompanying environmental Copies of planning newsletters are available impactstatementwill provide parkmanagers at visi tor centers. Get on our project mailing withaframework for making decisions about list, read future newsletters, attend future resource protection and visitor use. meetings, talk to friends and colleagues, listen Toaccomplishthisplanning,wewillwork to othets, share your concerns, and let us with park neighbors, American Indian tribes, know your thoughts about this special park local communities, the State of Montana, and its future. Here is your chance to make a Waterton Lakes National Park, other differencelTo get on our mailing list wtite to: agencies, interest groups, park visitors, and GMP/EIS Project, Glacier National Park, the general public. West Glacier, Montana 59936.

Save the Chalets Granite (Park Chalet and Spetry Chalet pairs initiated at the Granite Park Chalet. are National Historic Landmarks originally These repairs will be completed this sum- constructed by the Gteat Northern Railway met. Funding appropriated by Congress for between 1912 and 1914. The chalets pro­ fiscal year 1995 will fund the construction of vided an unparalleled experience for Glacier a new wastewater treatment system and National Park'sbackcountryvisitorsfor many composting toilets at the Granite Park Cha­ years, but substandard sewage and water sys­ let, as well asengineering plans fot the Sperry tems, and inadequate visi tor safety provisions Chalet. An additional $ 1.6 million of fund- caused the closure of the chalets in 1993. ingwill be needed in 1996 and 1997 to com­ The estimated cost to solve these prob­ plete tepairs at Sperry Chalet. lems exceeds $4 million. With the encour­ Save the Chalets, a Montana based, non­ agement of Montana's congressional profit organization, has accepted the chal­ delegation, Congress has appropriated $3 mil­ lenge of raising $1.2 million from private lion. A citizen volunteer group, Save the Cha­ sources. Its membetship consists of approxi­ lets, has committed to raising $1.2 million mately 4300 former guests, staff members, from private sources. and friends of the chalets. The National Park Service is developing a comprehensive plan to testore the chalets How You Can Help and prepate them fot the next century. Pub­ Although $1.2 million is large, it will be lic involvement in the plan takes place built through donations from individuals through an environmental assessment pro­ such as yourself. Would you be willing to cess. The preferred alternative calls fot in­ contribute to the chalets' restoration and re­ stallation of composting toilets at Granite habilitation? Visit with a Save the Chalets and Spet ry Chalets. Othet renovations will volunteer at Logan Pass, join the Chalets or­ target the water systems, structural needs and ganization, or send your tax deductible con­ visitor safety measures. tribution to: During 1994, funding was obtained to Save the Chalets, c/o Valley Bank, pay for engineering plans and structural re­ P.O. Box 30147, Helena, MT 59601 Sperry Chalet circa 1925 Ted Marble Photo Waterton Lakes National Park

\4i Centennial Events - A Reflection of the Past Imagine pitching the last fotk full of dry or tobring the family for their firstdiscovery. pancake breakfast, flag ceremony, entertain­ In September, nature writers from Canada hay into a stifling bam loft. The hotses ate Family reunions in the park are encouraged ment, citizenship court, family street dance and the U.S. will participate in a Waterton sweating and kicking at scotes of flies dron­ and the "Waterton family" gets togethet at and fireworks. July 15 is Parks Day and a Conference. ing lazily in the sun. It's a scorching August school (June 2-4) and Parks Canada Staff specialTake-a-Hike event. Heritage Day will More stories and information including afternoon in 1890 and the summer hay on (July 17-20) reunions. see the opening of a new exhibit at the a complete calendar of events, is available in your southern Alberta ranch is finally in. Centennial events started at the begin­ Maskinonge (see below). Parades, music, our special Waterton Centennial Chronicles What now? Off to the lakes! ning of the 1995 New Year and will wrap up native art and culture displays will celebrate publication. Ask for your copy at theWaterton A wagon is laden with canvas army tent, with the ringing in of 1996. It is fitting that the annual Beargrass Festival August 25-27. Lakes Visitor Reception Centre! chairs, table, fishing gear and a good supply many events include dances. Waterton has of plain camp food - hardly light travel, but traditionally been one of the "dancingest" this is more than an overnight trip. You will places in the country. Through the early The Overlooked Overlook not be alone. Many turn of the century ranch­ 1900's, Waterton dance halls and even the Want in on some ofWaterton's best kept To get to the overlook, drive past the park ers escaped the prairie heat by camping a M.V. International have seen big bands like secrets? All will be revealed on a new exhibit entrance gates and turn right to head towards spell at Waterton. One of these was Fred Mart Kenney and His Western Gentlemen which is beingdevelopedfor the Maskinonge Cardston. Just past the entrance to the Godsal who championed the creation of the and groups like the Anderson Sisters. ANos- Overlook. The exhibit is being created as a Maskinonge picnic area, you will see a gravel park. talgia Cruise aboard the International will legacy of Waterton's centennial. It will be road signed as a viewpoint. If you get to the This has always been a family place. One bring that period back to life on June 10; or officially opened on Heritage Day, August Chief Mountain Highway, you've passed it! of the main themes of the centennial year is a attend the 10th Annual Heritage Ball on Sep­ 7th. Please join the ceremony then or, have a return to Waterton - a chance to rediscover tember 9. Canada Day (July 1) will include a look later on your own!

New Park Fees Win Twice The fees you are paying inWaterton Lakes All anglers win when bull trout are re­ National Park reflect a Parks Canada-wide turned to the water, but they can win an­ user fee policy. The protection of unique and other way, too! significant examples of natural and cultural A contest in Waterton is being spon­ heritage in parks and sites is of benefit to all sored by the BullTrou tTaskForce andTama- Canadians. For this reason, national parks rack Mall. Correctly answer four angler will continue to be supported through tax testing questions about bull trout and your dollars. However, based on the principle of entry goes into a draw. Several names will fairness, visitors will be asked to pay fees for be drawn on the September long weekend those services which benefit them directly. for prizes which include a limited edition The park permit is now an entry permit print (Kananaskis- BullTroutby Rick Berg), wi th a variety of sim pie and efficient options t-shirts and an angler's gift package. to best suit your situation. Included in the All prizes are on display at the Tama­ price of entry are the costs associated with rack Mall. Entry forms and contest rules public safety and information services, front are also available at the Mall and the country trails, exhibits and displays, picnic WatertonVisi tor Reception Centre.There and day-use areas, washrooms and garbage is no entry fee; maximum two entries per pick-up. Additional fees will be charged for contestant. activities such as camping and firewood. Checkout the article on page 6 for fur­ Canadians are proud of their system of ther information on "Bull Trout - A Popu­ protected heritage areas. They can also feel lation in Peril!" they have supported this system as park fees will be reinvested in the parks program. If you have questions about our fees or wish to comment on them, please contact us at 1- 800-651-7959 (Monday to Friday, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.). You may also call this number to purchase a pass before arriving at the park.

"This is what I have seen in my dreams; this is the country for me." attributed to Kootenai Brown by W. Tait

Waterton Lakes National Park celebrates its 100th birthday on May 30th!

Some of the many faces of Waterton Lakes National Park David Halpern and Parks Canada Photos Cattle and Carnivores in the Crown Wolves were exterminated and grizzlies Peace Park is, for the most part, still natural. the population! kind of cooperation might lead to total pro­ had become rare by the timeWaterton Lakes Like neighbours everywhere, we depend Clearly, wolves lost. Ironically, so did tection of large cam ivores on provinci al lands National Park celebrated its fiftieth birthday. upon each other even as we find that some­ ranchers. It was not only the problem wolves in Canada. Waterton is now a hundred years old. The times our interests aren't the same. As good who were killed. Eliminating non-problem That isn't the aim of the program. The wolves are back and grizzlies still survive in neighbours, we try to work out solutions that wolves opens up space which may attract idea is to build cooperation and good faith small numbers. allow both of us to win rather than allowing other wolves. These wolves may be inter­ between wildlife groups and the ranchers. National Parks are dedicated to the pro­ problems to fester. ested in livestock. New problems can be cre­ Removal of problem wolves and grizzlies will tection of natural ecosystems for future gen­ Last year in the Oldman River country ated in situations where none existed before. continue where necessary. erations. As a result, many people are now north of Watetton, over thirty cows were Two dedicated conservation organizations The j ury is still out on whether coopera­ working together to ensure that those future killed or mauled by wolves.This created real have decided to tackle the problem. As of tive problem-solving can create a win-win generations will be able to count on the sur­ economic concerns for local ranchers. Even January 1995, theWaterton Natural History for ranchers and large carnivores. Old suspi­ vival of wolves and grizzlies - the top carni­ so, many other wolves, including the Belly Association and the Canadian Parks andWil- cions and fears die hard. For now there ap­ vores of the Crown of the Continent River pack that raised seven pups inside derness Society have begun paying ranchers pears to be some cause for optimism, as long ecosystem. Itwon'tbeeasy. Historyhas placed Waterton Lakes National Park, turned their for confirmed losses of cows and sheep to as those who love national parks and value park lands cheek-to-jowl with productive noses up at beef and stuck to a natural diet of wolves or grizzlies. The program is funded large carnivores are prepared to help out the ranch lands. Problems arise because large car­ deer, elk and small mammals. by private donations from park visitors, con­ ranchers who have been such good nivores sometimes develop a taste for beef The publicity sutrounding the cattle servationists and others who care about wild­ neighbours to Waterton Lakes National Park and mutton. losses added to public concern over wolves. life and value the role of ranching in for the past century. Ranching is an important land use in the In Alberta, virtually anybody can legally kill maintaining wildlife habitat. Progressive Crown. Because of ranchers, the landscape wolves. This resulted in the killing of more ranchers have agreed to support the program beside the Waterton/Glacier International than 40 wolves in just ten months - most of even though some worry about whether this Park Hazards St READ THIS PAGE CAREFULLY

Water Hazards Giardia Hypothermia Swift, cold glacial streams and rivers, Giardiasis can be caused by a parasire Hypothermia, the "progressive physical collapse and reduced mental capacity resulting moss-covered rocks, and slippery logs all (Giardia lamblid) found in park lakes and from the chilling of the inner core of the human body," can occur even at temperatures above present dangers. Children, avid photogra­ streams. Persistent, severe diarrhea, abdomi­ freezing. Temperatures can drop rapidly. Sudden mountain storms can change a warm and phers, boaters, rafters, swimmers, and fish­ nal cramps and nausea are the main symp­ pleasant hike into a drenching, bitterly cold and life-threatening experience. People in poor ermen have fallen victim to these rapid, frigid toms of this disease, and a physician should physical shape or who are exhausted are particularly at risk. streams and deep, glacial lakes. be contacted immediately. For a day hike, Prevention Use extreme caution near water. Avoid carry water obtained from one of the parks • Prevent hypothermia by using water resistant clothing before you become wet. wading in or fording swift-flowing streams, treated water systems. If you plan to camp in • Wear clothing that wicks moisture away. and never walk, play, or climb on slippery the backcountry, follow recommendations • Minimize wind exposure and if your clothes become wet, replace them. rocks and logs, especially around waterfalls. received with your permir.The easiest effec­ • Avoid sweating by dressing in layers, rather than in a single bulky garment. When boati ng, don't stand up or lean over tive water treatments are either to bring wa­ • Pack a sweater and raingear for any hike. the side, and always wear a lifejacket. ter to a boil or to use an approved filter. Warning Signs • Uncontrolled shivering , slow or slurred speech, memory lapses and incoherence, Drowning lack of coordination such as immobile or Sudden immersion in cold water (below 80° F) may trigger the "mammalian diving fumbling hands, srumbling, a lurching reflex".This reflex restricts blood from outlying areas of the body, and routes it to vital organs gait, drowsiness, and exhaustion. like the heart, lungs, and brain.The colder the water, the younger the victim, and the quicker Immediate Treatment the rescue, the better the chance for survival. Some cold-water drowning victims have • Seek shelter from weather and ger the vic­ survived with no brain damage after being submerged for over 30 minutes. tim into dry clothes. Revival Procedure: • Givewarmnon-alcoholicdrinks. • Retrieve victim from water without endangering yourself. • Build a firean d keep victim awake. • Prevent further body heat loss, but do not rewarm. • Strip victim and yourself, and get into sleep­ • Near drowning victimsmay look dead. Don't let thisstopyou from trying to revive them! If ing bag making skin-to-skin contact. there is no pulse, start CPR regardless of the duration of submersion. • If victim is semi-conscious or worse, get • Delayed symptomsoften occur within 24 hours.Victims must beevaluated by a physician. professional help immediately.

Ticks Photographing Wildlife Hantavirus Ticks are most active in spring and early Whether bears, mountain lions, deer, squirrels, marmots, or any other species, all animals Deer mice and other rodents (including summer. Most bites don't result in illness, can present a very real and painful threat, especially females with young. Enjoy wildlife from ground squirrels) are possible carriers of a butseveralseriousdiseases, like Rocky Moun­ the safety of your car or from a safe distance. Feeding, harassing, or molesting wildlife is newly recognized acute respiratory disease. tain Spotted Fever, can be transmitted. Com­ strictly prohibited and subject to fine. It affects the lungs and is caused by a virus of pletely remove attached ticks and disinfect Maintain a safe distance for yourself and the animal at all times. Always photograph rheHantavirus family. The most likelysource the site. If rashes or lesions form around the wildlife with a telephoto lens (400mm or longer). You know you are too close if the animal of infection is from rodent urine and drop­ bite, or if unexplained symptoms occur, con­ detects your presence and moves, or if it ap­ pings inhaled as aerosols or dust. sult a physician. pears disturbed. A photographer was killed Avoid areas where rodents may congre­ in Glacier in 1987 after approaching grizzly gate such as burrows or nests, old uncleaned bears. cabins, or other rodent infested sttuctures. Watch Your Step Commercial Photography Try to camp away from possible rodent bur­ Mountainous Terrain Special regulations govern commercial rows or shelters (garbage dumps and wood­ Many accidents occur when people fall photography and fi lmi ng. piles), and keep food in rodent-proof after stepping off trails, roadsides, orby ven­ In Glacier a commercial photography per- containers. To prevent the spread of dust in turing onto very steep slopes. Stay on desig­ mit is required if photography: the air, spray affected ateas with a disinfec­ nated trails and don't go beyond protective • is for advertising a product or service; tant before cleaning. fencing or guard rails. Supervise children • uses models, sets or props; Initial symptoms are almosr identical to closely in such areas. At upper elevations, • creates a potential disruption to visitors; the onset of flu. If you have potentially been trailsshould be followed carefully, notingdi- • may damage park resources. exposed and exhibit flu-like symptoms, you rections given by trail signs and markers. In Glacier National Park obtain permits should seek medical care immediately. and further information on commercial pho­ Snow and Ice tography by calling (406) 888-5441. Snowfields and glaciers presenr serious In Waterton Lakes National Park com­ hazards. Snowbridges may conceal deep cre­ mercial photographers need to contact the vasses on glaciers or large hidden cavities Superintendent's Office for information. under snowfields, and collapse under the weightof an unsuspecting hiker. Don'tslide on snowbanks. People often lose control and Medical Services slide into rocks or trees. Exercise caution If you are injured or suddenly become ill while visiting the parks, please contact a warden or ranger for information and assistance. To around any snowfield in the parks. ensure adequate staffing on your arrival at a hospital, call before setting out. Montana Hospitals • NorthValleyHospital • Glacier County Medical Center Highway 93 South, Whitefish, MT 892-2nd St. E., Cut Bank, MT (406)862-2501 (406)873-2251 • Teton Medical Center • Kalispell Regional Hospital 9154NW,Choteau,MT 310 Sunny View Lane, Kalispell, MT (406)466-5763 (406)752-5111

Alberta Hospitals • Cardston Municipal Hospital • Pincher Creek Municipal Hospital Cardston, Alberta Pincher Creek, Alberta (403)653-4411 (403)627-3333

r Pa Waterton Lakes National Park Emergency Numbers %* e£22r' * (403) 859-2636 [24 hours] If No Answer Dial 911 Wildlife I K

Black Bear T. J. Hileman Photo Ground Squirrel Parks Canada Photo Moose NPS Photo Elk Parks Canada Photo Bull Trout - A Population in Peril Poaching and Parks Driven by anglers and managers con­ In the northwestern U. S. populations markings and lack the black spots and worm­ Aswildlife numbers diminish worldwide, cerned over rhe sratus of narive bull trout, have declined so dramatically that bull trout like marking found on the backs and dorsal their value on the black market increases. angling regulations in Waterton Lakes and may be added to the endangered species list. fins of brooks, rainbows, browns and cut­ Poaching (illegal hunting, trapping or col­ Glacier National Parks have been changing Both parks have taken steps to protect throats. lecting) in and around national parks is at an recently. Once common in some drainages, bull trout. In Canada the North Fork of Belly Creel censuses and fish studies are cur­ all time high. There may be a subtle link bull trout are becoming rare. River is closed to all fishing, the season on rently underway in and around the park. An­ between benign wildlife viewing and the suc­ Several factors have contributed to popu­ Blakiston Creek is shortened, and a bait ban glers and parks working together have the cess of poachers. lation declines. Historically, efforts to en­ has been instituted to reduce hooking losses. potential to contribute to bull trout recovery Animals used to people, or to the scent of hance recreational fishing have led to the In Glacier both Cracker and Upper Kintla and to enhance recreational opportunities. people nearby, are more vulnerable to the stocking of non-native species into both park Lakes have been closed to fishing. Your efforts, too, can make the bull trout approach of poachers. Poachers may be after and downstream waters. Stocking is no longer Please obtain and read each park'sfishing population a keeper. meat, trophy heads, bear gall bladders, claws practiced in the parks, but non-native spe­ regulations prior to fishing. In both Glacier or pelts, eagle talons or feathers, and even cies still aggressively compete with native fish and Waterton Lakes National Parks all bull rare plants like ferns or orchids. If you ob­ for food, cover, and spawning sites. Some trout caught must be returned to the water Stocking is no longer practiced in either serve suspicious behavior, contact the near­ introduced species also prey on young bull at once. The special precautions in the "Re­ park but non-native species still est ranger or warden. Do not approach others trout. Development in watersheds, particu­ leasing Fish" article on this page will enhance aggressively compete with native fish engaged in criminal activity. Descriptions of larly outside national parks, also contributes the survival offish returned to the wild. for food, cover, and spawning sites. individuals or vehicles (including license to a decline in habitat and spawning beds. numbers) and I.D. numbers of any aircraft Clean, cold water is essential. Over-fishing involved are very helpful. What Does a Bull Trout Look Like? A Bull Trout Information Contest is being is another major factor. Bull trout mature It is often difficult todistinguishbull trout held in Waterton Lakes National Park slowly and feed voraciously, so they tend to from other trout and char species.These easy this summer. end up i n frying pans well before they are old to remember words may help: "No Black, Check out page 4 for details! enough to spawn. Put it Back". Bull trout have light colored

HeledSing FlSh - Courtesy of the Fisheries Branch, Saskatchewan Natural Resources Watchable Wildlife Catch and release is an effective way for Land fish quickly. The longer a fish fights, Keep fingers out of the gillsand eyes. Grasp Glacier National Park is ades- anglers to help maintain the quality of fish­ the weaker it gets and the more likely it fish at the back of the head, just behind ignated wildlife viewing site ing. In some areas of Canada and the United will die due to disease or predators. the gill covers. in a national network under States, regulations require fish to be released Keep the fish in the water. This provides Revive a tired or unconscious fishb y mov­ the Watchable Wildlife pro­ which are under or over certain sizes, but protection and allows the fish to continue ing it gently back and forth underwater, gram. This program, spon­ more and more anglers are choosing to re­ breathing. If possible, unhook the fish allowingwater to run through its gills. Re­ sored by federal, state, and private lease fish simply because it will help ensure without lifting it from the water. vival may take a few minutes. morganizations, seeks to enhance wildlife view­ good fishing in the future. Hold the fish firmly,bu t gently. Wet your Gently slide the fish into the water once ing opportunities, provide education about Follow the guidelines provided here, and hands or use wet gloves to keep the natu ral the gill covers are moving normally. wildlife and its needs, and promote active increase the fish'schanc e of staying healthy. protective mucous coating on the fish. support of wildlife conservation. Keeping the "Wild" in Wildlife Waterton/Glacier International Peace Park Especially in winter and early spring, ani­ ened state or forced out of shelter. quality, yet retain their dangerous ability to is a place like few remaining in the world. Natu­ mals often experience low energy reserves. To When enticed into close contact with hu­ wound. Animals catch on quickly and begin ral forces such as fires, floods, and avalanches avoid the approach of humans they may ex­ mans, animals can easily become habituated to unacceptableand dangerous behavior. Each year continue to create many diverse habirats, pro­ pend precious energy, leaving them in a weak­ people. They lose their special wild and free people are seriously inj ured by the antlers, horns, viding niches for a spectacular array of wildli fe. teerh, hooves, and claws ofwild animals. Park visitors enjoy wild animals i n their natu ral If you entice or feed an animal, you may environment. As a visitor to their home, learn share responsibility for its death! Animals may and respect the ways of wildlife. be hit by cars after becoming accustomed to One of the greatest needs of animals in the obtaining food near roads. Every cookie tossed wild is undisturbed space. Although some may out is another srep in the habituation process. spend part of their year close to roadways and Habituated animals often have to be removed developed areas where they are easy to observe, or killed. enjoy them at a distance. How can you help? While wild animals may appear to tolerate Educate yourself. Check out special ex­ humans, approaching at close range can cause hibits and roadside signs which explain the them stress. They may be disturbed from their problem. Ask park staff; then act! Stop ap­ rest, forced away from natural feeding areas, or proaching, enricingor feedingwildlife in the have travel routes blocked by unaware or parks. Let others know about the problem. Is thoughtless humans. A human presence can the loss of that animal you just photographed keep birds away from their nests long enough worth the picture?Think again and remem­ for eggs or young to become fatally chilled. ber that laws regarding feeding wildlife are Birds can lose their eggs or young to predators being strictly enforced. attracted to a nest by human scent. Animals catch on quickly and begin All wildlife can be dangerous! Be unacceptable and dangerous behavior. observant! Watch animals for signs of increased alertness or fear. When you entice or feed an animal, you may share responsibility for its death! Remember: If you cause a change in an Habituated animals often have to be animal's behavior, you are too close. Bighorn Sheep in the Many Glacier Valley Danny On Photo removed or killed. Wildlife I 7

Wolves Alan Carey Mountain Goat NPS Photo Bighorn Sheep NPS Photo Mountain Lion Scot Stewart Wolves Mountain Goats Bighorn Sheep Mountain Lions You may see a wolf during your stay in Visitors to Glacier are more likely to see Dramatic head-crashing clashes between Mountain lions are big, beautiful, wild Waterton/Glacier International Peace Park, goats than bighorn sheep, especially in the rams highlight the mating season in Novem­ cats, known by many names including cou­ but identification is tricky. Wolves are usu­ Logan Pass area. In early summer the Goat ber and early December. Visitors toWaterton gar, puma and panther. Adult mountain li­ ally gray, but can be white or black. Coyotes Lick on Highway 2 offers good views of these are more likely to see sheep than mountain ons weigh between 90 and 150 lbs. and are look very similar and are often mistaken for shaggy beasts. In Waterton goats are occa­ goats. Good places to look are the townsite about six to eight feet in length. A long tail, wolves, but wolves are much larger. While sionally seen at Goat and Rowe Lakes areas. or the Red Rock Canyon area. In Glacier one third the body length, is a distinguish­ coyotes weigh about 25 lbs. and are up to 2 Look for large, very white animals, often scan the slopes in the Many Glacier Valley. ing characteristic. Sightings of these large feet tall, adult wolves may weigh 90 lbs. or wi th a ragged appearance from shedding their Ewes and lambs group together so they are predators have increased in recent years. A more and stand up to 3 feet in height.Wolves coats. Powerful shoulder muscles allow climb­ usually easier to spot. glimpse of one of these magnificent cats have a larger muzzle and shorter, rounder ing of nearly vertical slopes and give goats a Although often confused with mountain would be a vacation highlight, but you need ears than coyotes. Their long legs and deep humped appearance. They feed on grasses, goats, bighorns have tan coats and beige to take precautions to protect yourself and narrow chest make for efficient longdistance sedges, mosses, lichen and even fir and pine horns. Since the horns are never shed, big­ your children from an accidental encounter. travel. Wolves have been known to travel up needles. Both billies and nannies have rapi­ horns can be aged by their horn size. Only Don't hike alone and make noise to avoid ro 20 or more miles per day. er-sharp, black horns. mature rams have the huge, curving horns surprising alion. Keep children close to you It is more likely you will see a track or Males and females come together mainly that give the species its name. at all times. hear wolves in the distance, rather than sight­ during the November-December rutting sea­ Bighorns prefer grass and areoftenfound If you do encounter a lion, do not run. ing the animals themselves. An adult wolf's son, but travel in separate bands the rest of on moderately sloped meadows near cliffs. Talk calmly, avert your gaze, stand tall, and track is normally 3 to 4 i nches wide and up to the year. Asix month gestation period results Excellent climbing skills help them to evade back away. Unlike with bears, if attack seems 5 Vi inches long - about the size of an adult in one or occasionally two kids. predators. imminent, act aggressively. Do not crouch human hand print.The wolf's long and low and do not turn away. Lions may be scared pitched howl is a spine tingling reminder of away by being struck with rocks or sticks, or the wilderness. Protecting Harlequin Ducks by being kicked or hit. We hope you have the opportunity to see To help reduce disturbance to nesting McDonald, from April 1 through Sept. 31. Lions are primarily nocturnal, but they these large carnivores while in this area. You harlequin ducks, a seasonal boating restric­ Harlequin ducks are sensitive to human have attacked in broad daylight.They rarely can help in monitoring and recovery efforts tion has been placed on a section of upper disturbance, and they are disappearing from prey on humans, but such behavior occa­ by reporti ng all observations and signs to any McDonald Creek. All boating, including kay­ much of their historic range. If you are fortu­ sionally doesoccur; children and small adults park information station. With all reported aks, float tubes, inner tubes, rafts, and ca­ nate enough to seea harlequin, please do not are particularly vulnerable. Report allmoun- sightings please include track measurements, noes, are prohibited on upper McDonald approach or disturb these rare and sensitive tain lion encounters immediately! sighting locations, date, and time. Creek, between Mineral Creek and lake birds.

Diverse landscapes provide habitat for a diversity of life. More than 1200 species of vascular plants, 274 kinds of birds, and 63 different mammals live in Waterton/Glacier International Peace Park. David Halpern and Parks Canada Photos

Wolves and Mountain Lions - A Rare Opportunity to Study a Unique Relationship Resident wolf packs are one indicator of a western United States in fivedecades . vide to the Belly River area. She became the the lower 48 states." healthy ecosystem. After an absence of fifty These wolves remain the core of wolf re­ alpha (dominant) female of a pack inhabit­ As part of Dr. Hornocker's study, radio- years, wolves have come back to Waterton/ covery in this region. Four wolf packs now ing partsofboth Glacier andWaterton Lakes collared mountain lions are being tracked to Glacier International Peace Park. UnlikeYel- share the international area of the North Fork. National Parks. determine their movements, habitats utilized, lowstone National Park and areas were hu­ Wolves from Glacier have dispersed to form The return of wolves affords researchers frequency and location of predatory kills, as mans have reintroduced wolves, wolves here other packs in Montana and have traveled to the rare opportunity to study a unique rela­ well as to gather additional information that reoccupied available habitat on their own. areas in and near BanffNational Park in Al­ tionship, that ofwolves and mountain lions. could not otherwise be obtained. In the winter of 1985-86, wolves from berta. Wolves from Banff have also traveled Dr. Maurice Hornocker, who is directing a With existing information on wolves and the North Fork of the Flathead River in Brit­ to Montana; a kind of self-directed interna­ five-year study of 1 ions and wolves i n Glacier, the additional information gained by this ish Columbia moved into Glacier National tional wolf exchange program! stated that, "The circumstance with both study, we will have an even greater insight Park and that spring, produced the firstdoc ­ In 1993 a female wolf from the North wolves and mountain lions existing in the into the interrelationships among species. umented litterofwolf pups born in the north­ Fork traveled east across the Continental Di­ North Fork has not occurred for 100 years in Bears is* Hiking in Bear Country Most hikers never see a bear, but all of the are all better ways of making your presence safe distance from bears is 500-1000 feet, Although most hikers do not encounter park is bear country. Whether you plan to known. Sometimes trail conditions make it although there is no guarantee ofyour safety. bears, people have been seriously injured, hike for days or j ust a few hours take the time hard for bears to see, hear, or smell approach­ maimed, and killed by bears. to learn about the special precautions for hik­ ing hikers. Be careful hiking by a stream, Inform Yourself About Bears All bears are dangerous and should be ing in bear country. against the wind, or in dense vegetation. A Patk staff can tell you of recent bear activ­ respected equally. A female with cubs, bears blind corner or a rise in the trail also requires ity in the atea where you plan to hike. They with a fresh kill, and bears conditioned to Don't Surprise Bears special attention by hikers. can also help identify signs of bear activity human food are the most dangerous. Let bears know you are coming. They like tracks, torn-up logs, trampled vegeta­ When hiking in bear country, leave an will usually move out of the way if they hear Don't Approach Bears! tion, droppings, and overturned rocks. Bears itinerary with friends or leaveoneinyour car people approaching, so make noise. Bells are Never intentionally get close to a bear. spend a lot of time eating, so avoid hiking in which includes beginning and ending times. not as effective as many people believe; talk­ Individual bears will all react differently and obvious feeding areas like berry patches, cow Never hike alone, or at night. Never feed ing loudly, clapping hands, and calling out you can't predict their behavior. Aminimum parsnip thickets, or fields of glacier lilies. animals or leave food or garbage unattended. Food and Bears Pepper Spray Odors attract bears. Regulations require An increasing number of backcountry that all edibles (including pet food), food hikers carry pepper spray as a possible deter­ containers (empty or not), and cookware be rent against aggressive bears.This aerosol red stored in ahard-sided vehicle, food locker, or pepper derivative affects an animal's upper hung from a food pole or cable when not in respiratory system and mucous membranes, use, day or night. triggering temporary incapacitatingdiscom- • Impropetly stored or unattended food will fort. It is intended to be a non-toxic and non- be confiscated and the owner ticketed. lethal means of deterring bears. • Inspect campsites forbear sign and for care­ In two cases in Glacier National Park dur­ less campers nearby. ing 1993, and in cases throughout North • Place all trash in bearproof containers. America, pepper spray apparently success­ • Pets, especially dogs, must be kept under fully repelled aggressive or attacking bears. physical restraint. However, there are accounts where pepper • Use a flashlight when walking at night. spray has not worked as well as expected. • Ifa bear enters your campsite, inform park Many factors influence the effectiveness staffimmediately. of pepper spray including spray distance, wind, wet or rainy weather, extremes of heat or cold, and product shelf life. The decision to carry pepper spray as a bear deterrent comes down to a personal choice. If you decide to carry spray, it is your responsibility to use it wisely and only in situations where aggressive bear behavior jus­ tifies its use. Under no circumstances should pepper spray create a false sense of securi ty or serve as a substitute for standard safety pre­ cautions in bear country.

Report all sightings or incidents involving bears to a park warden, ranger, or information center at once.

If You See a Bear? What Kind of Bear is That? Bears, like people, reactdifferently toeach Characteristics Grizzly Bear Black Bear situation. Bears may appear tolerant of peo­ Range Common in mountain and forest areas Widespread in mountain and forest areas ple and then attackwithoutwarning.Abear's throughout western Canada and Alaska. Cur­ throughout the U.S. and Canada. body language can help determine its mood. rently listed as a threatened species in the In general, bears show agitation by swaying lowet 48, United States. their heads, huffing, and clacking thei r teeth. Lowered head and laid-back ears also indi­ Life Expectancy 15 to 25 years. 15 to 20 years cate aggression. Bears stand on their hind Height Six feet or more when standing on hind legs; Two and a half to three feet when standing legs to get a better view. three to four feet when standing on all fours. on all fours. If You Encounter a Bear These Suggestions May Help. Weight Up to 1,400 pounds, usually 300-600 Adult males average 220 pounds. Adult fe­ • Talk quietly or not at all. pounds. males average 140 pounds. • Back away slowly, but stop if it seems to Black, brown, cinnamon, or blond. Color agitate the bear. Color Blond to nearly black. Sometimes silvertipped, giving a "grizzled" look. never reliably distinguishes a black bear from • Assume a non-threatening postute. Turn a grizzly. Muzzle sometimes a lighter color. sideways, or bend at the knees to appear smaller. Other Features Dished face. Humpofheavy muscle over the Generally appears less massive than the griz­ • Use peripheral vision. Bears appear to in­ shoulders. Claws often four inches long. zly bear. Profile more "Roman-nosed" and terpret direct eye contact as threatening. Mediocre vision, butexcellent sense of smell. claws much shorter (about one and a half • A bear may "bluff charge". If the bear does Fast runner, able to cover 180 feet in just inches long) than the grizzly's. Also a fast not stop, fall to the ground in a fetal posi­ three seconds! Enters den in November to runner with a keen nose but mediocre eye­ tion to teduce the severity of an attack. hibernate until spring. sight. Hibernates throughoutwinter, gener­ Protect the back ofyour neck with your ally from about October or November to some hands. Do not move until the bear has left. time in April or May.

A fed bear is a dead bear! Food Omnivorous, with only 10-20% of its diet Omnivorous, eating almost any available food When animals are fed they can become coming from meat, mainly carrion and ro­ item. Berries, new growth, bulbs, insects, aggressive, cause personal injury, and dents. Also eats huckleberries, cow parsnip, carrion, and tree cambium are all favorite often must be destroyed. glacier lily bulbs, wet-meadow plants, and foods for this dawn, dusk, and night feeder. grasses, foraging primarily around dawn and Bears are exceptionally fast and can dusk. run 180 feet in 3 seconds. Never run Offspring Mates in early summer. One to four cubs, Mates in late spring to early summer. Gesta­ from a bear. If you run the bear may each weighing about one pound, are born tion is 220 dayswith average litter sizeof two instinctively chase you! mid-winter. cubs, born in January to early February. Partnerships

I9I Glacier National Park Partners WNHA - JOIN US! The Glacier Natural History The Glacier In­ Glacier National Park As­ The non-profit Waterton Natural His­ Association operates book and stitute provides sociates is a private, non­ tory Association (WNHA) cooperates with map sales outlets in the visitor field classes in profit advocacy group for Parks Canada to further public understand­ centers of Glacier National Park. Glacier Nation­ Glacier National Park. Its ing, appreciation, and appropriate use of A percentage of profits are re­ al Park. Cours­ purpose is to help Glacier Waterton Lakes National Park. turned to the park to support es offered examine cultural and natural National Park accomplish its goals. To do Through the WNHA Heritage Centre, visitorservices, interpretive, and resources, research efforts, and ecosystem this the Associates facilitate volunteerism to visitors discover information about the park, educational programs.Join this management issues. The Institute also con­ accomplish projects recommended by park its people and its wildlife. The Centre, lo­ unique organization and be a part of Glacier's tributes to an appreciation of Glacier's aes­ staff; encourage donation of private funds to cated in the village, interprets the park's heri­ special family. Membership includes a news­ thetic qualities through the creative arts. For accomplish projects for which park funding tage with artifacts, stories and displays. Of letter and a 15% discount on purchases. For information contact: Glacier Institute, P.O. is insufficient; and educate the public about special interest are the sculpture, wood carv­ acatalog and membership information write Box 7457, Kalispell, MT 59904. Phone: biological, geological, cultural, and histori­ ing, painting and photographic exhibits in or call: GNHA, Box 428, West Glacier MT (406) 756-3911 or (406) 888-5215. cal resources of the park. They can be con­ the Centre's art gallery. Families enjoy the 59936, Phone (406) 888-5756. tacted by wri ti ng to: Glacier National Park intriguing "Discovery Packs" which can be Associates, Box 91, Kalispell, MT 59903. rented for $2.0G7day. A variety of park and WNHA logo pi ns andT-shirts are also avail­ Partners in Weed Control able. Admission to the Centre is free. The invasion and spread of noxious weeds thetic appeal of native wildflowers. Flathead National Forest, and Flathead Over 150 books on the area's natural and has been a serious concern for over twenty The location ofWaterton/Glacier Inter­ County. In Waterton Lakes National Park cultural history are also published and/or sold years. Noxious weeds do not recognize po­ national Peace Park presents significant op­ knapweed control has been an ongoing ef­ by the WNHA. For example, the WNHA's litical boundaries; their seeds cross borders portunities to participate in a regional fort for many years.This summer biological award winning trail guides are useful books with the wind. So to control weeds our pro­ approach toexoticplantmanagement. High­ control methods using moth larvae will be developed and sold by the Association. All grams must also cross boundaries/Taking an ways, railroads, and trails leading to the park employed. Other projects includejoint train­ books are available in the Heritage Centre ecosystem approach toamutual problem pro­ all provide vectors for seed dispersal. Coop­ ing, unified surveying, and datamonitoring. Bookstore, the Park Visitor Centre, or by vides opportunities to combine our efforts erative agreements between agencies in Al­ You can help as well. mailorder. and be more effective. berta, Montana, and British Columbia, as Become familiarwith what noxious weeds The WNHA also hosts a variety of spe­ Noxious weeds are exotic (non-native) well as Indian lands, national and provincial look like. Report sightings of noxious weeds cial summerevents.Thehighlight is the Heri­ plant species that, once established, are diffi­ forests, and county and private lands are to the nearest agency office; keep your eyes tage Ball, held at the Prince of Wales Hotel cult and expensive to remove. These plant needed to mutually address the exotic plant open in remote backcountry areas.Try not to on September 9th, to mark summer's end. pests are outlaws that are robbing us of our issue. If we are to be effective, we need to move weeds from one area to another on The Association has also developed a natural heritage, including native plants and continue to coordinate our work. your clothing, shoes, or vehicle.Take special popular series of programs led by field pro­ wildlife habitat. Weeds of primary concern Various projects will begin or continue care at campsites, roadsides and especially at fessionals which will help you enjoy and bet­ are spotted knapweed, leafy spurge, St. this summer involving park staff and mem­ trailheads leading into the backcountry. Avoid ter understand the park. A brief listing is Johnswort, and sulfur cinquefoil.The loss of bers of the BlackfeetlndianTribe, Bureau of activities that disturb soil or remove native included here but a more detailed brochure native vegetation contributes to a loss of food Indian Affairs and Glacier County in Mon­ plants because this can result in the invasion is available. and cover for wildlife, a loss of soil, leading to tana. This summer marks the fifth year of a and spread of exotics. Heritage Education Program: increased erosion, and the loss of the aes­ unified effort between Glacier National Park, It works best when we all work together. Summer 1995 These one and two-day field trips are led by expert instructors. One Park-Many Nations Prairie Wildflowers Waterton/Glacier International Peace In Glacier National Park, Blackfeet, National Park near Pablo, Montana. The June 10 Dr. Keith Shaw Park lies just west of the Blood Indian Re­ Kootenai, and Salish tribal members partici­ Center provides educational opportunities, Reading the Landscape serve in Canada and borders the Blackfeet pate in theNative American Speaks program, interpretive tours, a museum collection, and June 24 KevinVanTighem Reservation in the United States. Blackfoot presenting campfire talks on native life and gift shop. Call 1-800-883-5344 for more in­ Stories of a Mountain Man philosophy holds much respect for the land, culture throughout the park. formation. July 8 Andy Russell its beauty, and its animals. Peopleof the Con­ The People's Center and Native Ed-Ven­ Take the time to visit and explore all the Alpine Wildflowers federated Salish and KootenaiTribes also have tures, for the preservation of Kootenai and nations of Glacier and Waterton. July 15 George Scotter close association with parts of the park and Salish Culture, are located south of Glacier Waterton Photographic Workshop its tesources. July 22 MikePaterson This area holds special appeal for visitors Family Fun at Red Rock Canyon interested in American Indian culture. Near­ July 29 Janice Smith by in Browning, Montana,NorthAmerican Bears of Waterton Indian Days, July 6-9, is a large celebration August5 &6 Dr Charles Jonkel of Native American culture that includes a Mountain Birds parade, traditional dress, and dancing. Visi­ August 12 Dr. Peter Sherrington tors are always welcome. Also in Browning, Wolves of the Crown the Museum of the Plains Indian features August 19 Elliot Fox fascinating exhibits and Native American Sacred Places/Sacred Spaces handcrafts as sales items. The museum is August 19 Dr. Brian Reeves open from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., seven All funds raised by the WNHA are used days a week, from June through to support research, educational and inter­ September. pretation activities, and heritage preserva­ Northeast of Waterton Lakes National tions. Anyone interested in supporting the Park, early Plains culture is dramatically dis­ goals for the WNHA is invited to become a played at the Head-Smashed-In Buffalo member. Individual annual $8; individual Jump, aWorld Heritage Site. Summer hours life $20; family $ 100; and patron life mem­ are 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., seven days a week. bership please call or write to: Native American interpreters from "Head- Waterton Natural History Association Smashed-In" present programs in the sum­ Chief Mountain, in the northeast corner of Glacier National Park, isaplace of great cultural Box 145, Waterton Park, AB, TOK 2M0 mer inWaterton Lakes National Park. significance to the Blackfeet Tribe. David Halpern Photo Phone/Fax (403) 859-2624. The Quiet Neighbour Many visitors may not be aware of the Waterton via the Akamina Pass trail. This Akamina Creek or Wall Lake campgrounds agement, and several joint interpretive pro­ Peace Park's neighbour to the northwest, the short trail which runs off the Akamina Park­ for $7/party. Horse users are reminded to grams have been offered. Because we are all Akamina Kishinena Recreation Area. It has way near Cameron Lake follows an old road­ obtain written authority from British Co­ part of the Crown of the Continent ecosys­ been around since 1986, but that's a rela­ bed built in the 1890 s. lumbia Parks prior to entering the recreation tem, we hope further joint initiatives with tively short period of time considering The attractions of the area are its trout area. A B. C. fishing license, available in our quiet neighbour will develop over com­ Waterton is 100 years old and Glacier is 85. laden mountainlakes.uniquegeological fea­ Waterton, is required. ing years. The Akam ina Kishinena Recreation Area tures, and winter backcountry skiing. Hik­ Relations between Waterton/Glacier and For more information about the Akamina is located in British Columbia on Waterton ing opportunities vary from short excursions the Akamina Kishinena are still in the for­ Kishinena Recreation Area, please contact: Lake'swestern boundary and Glacier's north­ for plant and wildlife viewing to rugged ridge mative stage. Discussions have taken place British Columbia Parks, Box 118, Wasa, ern boundary. Its mai n access poi nt is through treks. Camping is available at either the regarding bear, fire and backcountry man­ B.C. VOB 2H0, (604) 422-3212. Waterton Lakes Services & Facilities *W Police Emergency Fire Hospitai R.C.M.P. located at the comet of Waterton Call 859-2636. Phone 859-2113 or contact the Warden Office Cardston - 653-4411 Avenue and Cameron Falls Drive. at 859-2224. Pincher Creek - 627-3333. Phone (403) 859-2244 or Zenith 5000 (24 hours). Campgrounds & Facilities Fees & Permits Information Townsite Campground Backcountry Camping Type Daily 4-Day Annual Park Visitor Centre 238 sites, including 95 fully serviced; no open $5.00/registration/night; must register at Visitor Adult $4.00 $8.00 $28.00 Located on the right side of the main Waterton fires. Fees range from $ 13.00 to $20.00 depending Reception Centre or Park Headquarters. Senior $3.00 $6.00 $21.00 road, opposite the Prince of Wales Hotel and on season and level of service. Open April 14 to Group $7.00 $14.00 $40.00 before you reach the village. October 9. Firewood Senior Group $5.00 $10.00 $30.00 General park orientation and information; $3.00/boxload (2 cu. feet); available at Crandall Child $2.00 $4.00 $14.00 fishing, backcountry information (including Crandell Campground Campground, Belly River & village businesses. Children under 6 Free permits). Open daily May 19 to September 17. 129 semi-serviced sites; off Red Rock Parkway. Nonprofit Bus $10.00 $58.00 Phone (403) 859-2224. Fees range from $11.00 to $12.00 depending on Boat Launches Charter Bus, daily $50.00 $500.00 the season. Open May 19 to $eptember 17. Behind Park Headquarters for Upper Waterton Annual Mountain National Parks Pass (valid Park Headquarters Lake and adjacent to Linnet Lake for Middle in Waterton, Banff, Kootenay, Yoho, Jasper, In the townsite on Mount View Road. General Belly River Campground Waterton Lake. Mt. Revelstoke/Glacier, Elk Island) park information. Open 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. 24 unserviced sites; off Chief Mountain Highway. Group $50.00 weekdays, year-round. Phone (403) 859-2224. Self registration; fee $9.00. Group camp (must Emerald Bay Marina Senior Group $38.00 reserve ahead - call (403) 859-2224); fee $2.00/ Boat stalls available for rent; check at marina. Annual Western Canada National Parks Pass Heritage Centre person/night. Open May 19 to September 17. (valid in Waterton, Riding Mountain, Prince Located in the village on Waterton Ave.; oper­ Public Tennis Court Albert, Banff, Kootenay, Yoho, Jasper, Mt. ated by the Waterton Natural History Associa­ Fishing Licenses Located one block from Main Street on Cameron Revelstoke/Glacier, Elk Island, Pacific Rim) tion; includes bookstore, exhibits, art gallery and A national park fishing permit is required. Falls Drive. Group $60.00 information services; Open daily throughout the Annual permit - $13.00, 7-day permit - $6.00, Senior Group $45.00 summer. Phone (403) 859-2267. Daily permit - $4.00, British Columbia provincial Park entrance permits are not interchangeable fishing permits are also sold at the Visitor Centre. between Waterton and Glacier. Heritage Interpretation Programs Recycling Offered June 23rd to September 4th. For details, check the program calendar in the Waterton/Glacier Views newspaper, the display psted outside theatre Please place refundable bottles and cans in blue entrances or ask at the Visitor Centre. bins located around town, in campgrounds and beside recycling trailer. Thegreen recyclingtrailer Theatre Programs International Peace Park Hike Living Off the Land is located in the swimming pool parking lot. Daily, 8:30 p.m. (1 hour) Saturdays, 10:00 a.m. (8 hours) Thursdays, 1 p.m. (1 hour) Tin, nonrefundable glass, paper, cardboard, #2 Programs on a variety of topics are presented in First hike not offered until July 1. Please see Guest interpreters from Head-Smashed-In plastic, and milk jugs are accepted. Further both Falls and Crandell Theatres. cover article for details. Buffalo Jump will be beside the Heritage Centre information is posted on the recycling trailer. with an assortment of artifacts and stories. Special thanks to our sponsor, "The Trail of the Great Bear". Waterton Village Services and Facilities Lodging Lounges Transportation Other Facilities and Services • Aspen Motels - phone (403) 859-2255 • Levin's pub - open 11 a.m. - 2 a.m.; 305 • Budget Rent-A-Car at Pat's - phone (403) • Alpine Stables - New management - May 1 • Bayshore Inn & Convention Centre, Full Windflower Ave. 859-2266 to Sept 30; Pack Trips, day rides - 1 & 2 Service Hotel - phone (403) 859-2211 • Prince of Wales Hotel Lounge - Opens at • Waterton Inter-Nation Shoreline Cruises - hour rides - phone 859-2462 • El Cortex Motel - "Clean-Comfortable- noon daily except Sunday Service to Crypt Landing and other • Banking Service - Upstairs in Caribou Economical" - phone (403) 859-2366 destinations - phone (403) 859-2362 Clothes; 9 a.m. - 3 p,m,; Monday to • Kilmorey Lodge - phone (403) 859-2334 Grocery Stores • Waterton Shuttle and Charter Service - Bus Saturday - phone 859-2604 • Northland Lodge - Historic, rustic lodge • Rocky Mountain Foodmart; souvenirs, service connecting Pincher Creek, Fort • Itussiststukiopi Coin-Op Launderette and just south of Cameron Falls - phone (403) phone 859-2526 Macleod and Lethbridge. May-Sept, phone Exposures Photo - 1 hour-301 Windflower 859-2353, offseason phone (403) 653- 627- 6282 Ave. - phone 859-2460 4275 Clothing, Crafts, Gift Shop • Museum and Art Gallery - Main Street - • Prince of Wales Hotel - for reservations • Akamina Clothing, Gifts & Collectibles, Service Stations phone 859- 2267 phone (403) 236-3400; Hotel phone (403) Main Street - phone 859-2361 • Pat's CAA/AAA Affiliated - 8 a.m - 11 p.m. • Pat's Arcade and Movie rentals (VHS 859-2231 • Caribou Clothes - Main Street - phone 859 propane available. machines available) • Stanley Hotel - on Main Street - phone 2346 • Waterton Chamber of Commerce & (403) 859-2335 • Gifts in Zum's - Unique gifts for all Scenic Launch Tours Visitors Associations - Heritage Centre; • Evergreen Gifts - Linens, Canadian gifts - • Waterton Inter-Nation Shoreline Cruises - Main Street - phone (403) 859-2203 Eating Facilities phone 859-2345 phone (403) 859-2362; operates May- • Waterton Lakes National Park Golf Course • New Frank's Restaurant - 7 a.m. to 11 • New Frank's Gift Shop - Souvenirs, toys, September (weather permitting); narrated - 18 hole course; pro shop; equipment and p.m.; Breakfast special; Luncheon Buffet license products and designer garments - tours of Waterton Lake from the village to merchandise, rentals, power carts; licensed 11:15 a.m. to 2:15 p.m.; Buffet 5:15 - 8:15 phone 859-2240 Goat Haunt U.S.A., 2 hours with 1/2 hour restaurant - phone 859-2383 p.m. phone 859-2240 • Prince of Wales Gift Shop - Open 7:30 stop at Montana Visitor Center - visit office • Waterton Lakes Opera House - Movies • Pearl's Patio Cafe & Deli - Breakfast, lunch a.m. - 10 p.m. daily at marina for details - Departs Waterton 9 & take-out specialties; fresh baking daily, • R & W Wool Co. - "Home of the and 10 a.m. and 1, 4, and 7 p.m. -hikers Facilities and Services Outside the 305 Windflower Ave. - phone 859-2284 discerning taste" need reservations - no backpackers on 7 Park • Pizza of Waterton - 103 Fountain Ave. • Trail of the Great Bear Gift Shop - p.m. trip • Co-op Ranchland Mall, a full-service (close to Post Office) - phone 859-2660 Authentic native crafts from local natives; shopping centre (13 tenants) including • Prince of Wales Hotel - Buffet breakfast outdoor guides, books, T-shirts, post cards, Bike and Boat Rentals groceries, home entertainment and camping 6:30 - 9:30 a.m.; Dining Room: Lunch wildlife videos, large selection of giftware - • Pat's Cycle Rental - Mt. bikes, strollers, supplies. Located off Hwy 6, Pincher Creek 11:30 a.m. - 2 p.m.; Dinner 5:30 - 9:30 Main Street phone 895- 2663 scooters - phone 859-2266 - phone 627-2667 p.m.; Tea Room 2 p.m. - 5 p.m. phone • Cameron Lake Boat Rentals - Row boats 859-2231 Sporting Supplies and Hardware (fishing), canoes & paddle boats, fishing Private Campgrounds • Summer Thoughts Ice Cream Shoppe • Pat's Fishing, Camping and R.V. 8 a.m. - tackle for sale or rent • Crooked Creek Campground (phone 653- • Sweet Pickins Candy Store - Main Street 11 p.m. 1100) and Waterton Riverside • The Big Scoop - Ice Cream Parlour; Main Religious Services Campground (phone 653- 2888) near east Street Book Stores and Photographic • All Saints Anglican - Episcopal Church - 11 entrance to the Park, and Homestead • The Lamp Post - Kilmorey Lodge; fully Supplies a.m. Sundays, June to September. Campground (phone 859-2247) near the licensed dining room - 859-2334 • Exposures Photos 1-Hour Service; located • Catholic Church - May 21-Sept 3; Saturday north entrance. (reservations recommended) in launderette, 301 Windflower Ave 7:30 p.m., Sunday 11 a.m. • Waterton Golf Course Dining Facilities - 8 • Waterton Natural History Association • L.D.S. - May 21 - September 3 - Sundays: a.m. - 10 p.m.; licensed phone 859-2383 Bookstores - Located in the Heritage primary, young women's priesthood and • Waterton Park Cafe - 7 a.m. - 11 p.m.; Centre on Waterton Ave. (phone 859- relief society 10 a.m.; Sunday school 11 Main Street; Fresh Baking Daily, 2267) and the Park Visitor Centre a.m.; Sacrament meeting - noon. Exceptional Quality; Real Western Patio • United Church (Congregational, BBQ; phone 859-2077 Methodist, Presbyterian, Union) - 11 a.m. • Zum's - Full Service Breakfast, fast lunch Sundays; June to September, Rev. Alex and take-out picnic chicken, full service Lawson. dinner; phone 859-2388 for take-outs. Glacier Services & Facilities 11* Apgar_ Lake McDonald Many Glacier Rising Sun Apgar closure dates are dependent on weather Lake McDonald Lodge open from June 2, for Many Glacier Hotel open June 9, for dinner and Rising Sun Motor Inn open June 10 for dinner conditions. Check locations for exact dates and dinner and lodging, until after breakfast on lodging, until after breakfast on Sept. 11. and lodging, until after breakfast on Sept. 18. hours. September 25. Swiftcurrent Motor Inn open June 16, for dinner and lodging, until after breakfast on Sept. 18. Campstore Boat Rentals - Conditions permitting Campstore Rising Sun Motor Inn June 10 - Sept. 17 Glacier Park Boat Co. May 27 - Sept. 17 Lake McDonald Lodge June 2 - Sept. 24 Campstore Camper services - groceries, fishing and camping Rowboats, canoes, and boats with 6, 10, & 15 hp Camper services - groceries, fishing and camping Swiftcurrent Campstore June 16 - Sept. 17 supplies, firewood, and gifts. motors, fishing equipment rentals, Call (406) supplies, firewood and gifts. Camper services - groceries, fishing and camping 888-5609. supplies, firewood, and gifts. Food and Beverage Food and Beverage Coffee Shop & Snackbar June 10 - Sept. 17 Campstore Lodge Dining Room June 2 - Sept. 24 Food and Beverage 7:00 AM - 9:00 PM Eddie's Campstore May 19 - Sept. 24 Breakfast 6:30 AM - 9:30 AM Many Glacier Hotel June 9 to Sept. 10 Lodging Lunch 11:30 AM - 2:00 PM Dining Room Rising Sun Motor Inn June 10 - Sept. 17 Food and Beverage Dinner 5:30 PM - 9:30 PM Breakfast 6:30 AM - 9:30 AM Motel and cabins - For reservations call GPI Eddie's Restaurant May 29 - Sept. 17* Coffee Shop/Snack Bar June 2 - Sept. 24 Lunch 11:30 AM-2:00 PM Lodging. May 20 - Sept. 17 7:00 AM - 8:00 PM June 2 - Sept. 4 7:00 AM - 9:30 PM Dinner 5:30 PM - 9:30 PM * July 4 - Aug. 28 7:00 AM - 9:00 PM Sept. 5- Sept. 24 7:00 AM - 8:00 PM Heidi's Snackbar 8:00 AM - 9:00 PM Scenic Launch Tours The Cedar Tree Deli June 3 - Sept. 5 Snackbar 11:00 AM - 8:00 PM Swiss Lounge 11:30 AM - Midnight Glacier Park Boat Co. June 15 - Sept. 17 8:00 AM - 9:00 PM Srockade Lounge 11:30 AM - Midnight Swiftcurrent Motor Inn June 16 - Sept. 17 Narrated tours of St. Mary Lake at Rising Sun Gift Shops Coffee Shop 7:00 AM - 9:00 PM depart from Rising Sun Boat Dock. Naturalist Eddie's Campstore May 19 - Sept. 24 Gas Station guided walks available on the 9 AM and 2 PM The Cedar Tree May 20 - Sept. 30 Lake McDonald Lodge June 2 - Sept. 24 Gas Station cruises in July & August. Check location for Schoolhouse Gifts May 19 - Oct 10 June 2 - Sept. 4 8:00 AM - 9:00 PM Many Glacier Hotel June 9 to Sept. 10 details at (406) 732-4430. Montana House of Gifts May 1 - Nov 15 Sept. 5 - Sept. 17 8:00 AM - 8:00 PM (upper parking lot) 8:00 AM - Noon 1 Vi hour Cruises 9:00 AM, 11:00 AM, Sept. 18 - Sept. 24 9:00 AM - 6:00 PM 1:00 PM-5:00 PM 2:00 PM, 4:00 PM, Horseback Rides Gift Shop 7:00 PM sunset cruise Apgar Corral June 1 - Sept. 4 Gift Shop Many Glacier Hotel June 9 to Sept. 10 Showers Call (406) 888-5010 for schedule information. Lake McDonald Lodge June 2 - Sept. 24 Rising Sun Motor Inn June 10 - Sept. 17 Horseback Rides Get tokens at the campstore or front desk. Lodging Horseback Rides Many Glacier Corral June 10 - Sept. 10 Village Inn Motel May 19 - Sept. 24 Lake McDonald Corral June 3 - Sept. 17 Call (406) 732-4203 for schedule information. For reservations call GPl Lodging. Call (406) 888-5121 for schedule information. Apgar Village Lodge May 1 - Sept. 30 Laundry Two Medicine Call for reservations (406) 888-5484 Lodging Swiftcurrent Motor Inn June 16 - Sept. 17 Campstore Lake McDonald Lodge June 2 - Sept. 24 Get tokens at the campstore and front desk. Two Medicine Campstore June 2 - Sept. 4 Lodge, cabins and motel - For reservations call Camper services - gifts, groceries, fishing tackle, GPI Lodging. Lodging camping supplies, and firewood. Many Glacier Hotel June 9 to Sept. 10 Scenic Launch Tours & Boat Rental For reservations call GPI Lodging. Food and Beverage Glacier Park Boat Co. June 3 - Sept. 24 Swiftcurrent Motor Inn June 16 - Sept. 17 Two Medicine Campstore June 2 - Sept. 4 Narrated tours of Lake McDonald depart from Motel and cabins - For reservations call GPI Snackbar 8:00 AM - 7:00 PM Lake McDonald Lodge Boat Dock, lake side. Lodging. Check location for details at (406) 888-5727. Scenic Launch Tours & Boat Rental 1 hour Cruises 10:00 AM, 1:30 PM, 3:30 PM Scenic Launch Tours & Boat Rental Glacier Park Boat Co. June 18 - Sept. 4 5:30 PM cocktail cruise, July Glacier Park Boat Co. June 10 - Sept. 10 Narrated tours of Two Medicine Lake depart and August Narrated tours of Swiftcurrent and Josephine from Two Medicine Lake Boat Dock. Naturalist 7:00 PM sunset cruise Lakes depart from Many Glacier Hotel Dock, guided hikes available daily, on either the 10:30 Rental Boats 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM lake side of hotel (allow 10 minutes to walk from AM or 1:00 PM cruise beginning mid-June. Check Rowboats, boats with 6, 10, & 15 hp motors. parking lot). Naturalist guided walks available to location for details. Grinnell Lake on the 9 AM and 2 PM cruises 45 min. Cruises 10:30 AM, 1:00 PM, beginning mid-June. Check location for details 2:30 PM, 3:45 PM at (406) 732-4480. 6:45 PM July and August 114 hour Cruises 9:00 AM, 11:00 AM, Rental Boats 8:00 AM - 8:00 PM 2:00 PM, 4:00 PM, Rowboats, canoes, & boats w/electric motors. .3:00 PM July and August Rental Boats 8:30 AM - 8:00 PM Rowboats, canoes When the Grinnell Glacier trail opens a special A wide range of services are available in Beargrass David Halpern ranger/naturalist guided cruise and hike is offered the communities surrounding Glacier at 8:30 AM. National Park. Ask for the brochure ATM: Automatic Teller Machines are available in West Glacier at the West Glacier Showers "Services Adjacent to the Park"at visitor Cafe, and in St. Mary at the St. Mary Lodge and the Park Cafe Store. Swiftcurrent Motor Inn June 16 - Sept. 17 centers throughout Glacier. Get tokens at the campstore and front desk.

Services of Worship Transportation Interdenominational Services Roman Catholic Services Glacier Park, Inc. Conducted by A Christian Ministry in Saturday, June 3 through Sunday, Tours and scheduled transportation are offered on historic red buses between park lodges as well as the National Parks, Sundays, June 4 Sept. 3, unless otherwise noted. East Glacier, West Glacier, Waterton, and St. Mary. Schedules are available at all GPI operated through Sept. 3, unless noted. Apgar Amphitheater locations. An early morning Hiker's Shuttle is available from the Many Glacier Hotel to trailheads Headquarters Community Building.. 10:30 AM Saturdays (6/3 - 9/2) Mass 4:00 PM at Siyeh Bend, Logan Pass, and the Loop. For reservations call GPI Lodging. Apgar Amphitheater 8:30 AM, 7:00 PM Lake McDonald Lodge Fish Creek Amphitheater 9:00 AM, 7:00 PM Saturdays (6/17 - 8/26) .Communion 7:00 PM Rocky Mountains Transportation Lake McDonald Lodge 9:00 AM, 7:00 PM Shuttle service is offered daily on the Going-to-the-Sun Road between West Glacier and St. Mary Avalanche Amphitheater Services in Adjacent Communities with stops at various trailheads and developed areas. Operates from July 1 to September 5. For (6/11 - 8/27) 8:30 AM, 9:00 PM St. Mary's Catholic Church, Babb, Montana reservations information call (406) 862-2539. Schedules are available at any park visitor center. Swiftcurrent Amphitheater... 8:30 AM, 7:00 PM Sundays 11:00 AM Many Glacier Hotel 10:00 AM, 6:30 PM United Methodist Church, Babb, Montana Sun Tours Rising Sun Amphitheater 8:30 AM, 7:00 PM Sundays 9:00 AM Interpretive van tours in Glacier National Park are provided from mid June to September 30. Tours St. Mary Amphitheater 8:30 AM, 7:00 PM Chief Mountain Baptist Church, Babb, Montana highlight Blackfeet culture and history relating to Glacier National Park's natural features. Tours Two Medicine Amphitheater 9:30 AM, 7:00 PM Sundays 11:00 AM begin from East Glacier and the St. Mary Lodge. For reservation information call 1-800-SUN-9220 Glacier Park Lodge 9:00 AM, 7:30 PM or (406) 226-9220.

GPI Lodging Backpacking and Hiking Guide Service For advanced lodging reservations call Glacier Park, Inc. at: Glacier Wilderness Guides offers guided day hikes and backpacking trips into Glacier's backcountry (602) 207-6000 in the U.S. or (403) 236-3400 in Canada. for one to seven days. Custom trips available. Camping equipment available for rent at their West For same day reservations call hotels direct. Glacier office. For information write Box 535 - PS, West Glacier, MT 59936 or call (406) 387-5555 Lake McDonald Lodge 888-5431, Many Glacier Hotel 732-4411, Rising Sun Motor Inn 732-5523, or (800) 521-RAFT. Swiftcurrent Motor Inn 732-5531, Village Inn 888-5632 Waterton/Glacier International Peace Park

Apgar Area Many Glacier Area

Map Legend North

The Waterton/Glacier Guide is produced by Bill Hayden, Janice Smith, and the staffs of Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks, Printed on recycled paper using soy based inks, i and is published jointly by the Glacier and Waterton Natural History Associations. 5795

Accessibility Border Crossings Safe Driving Speed Limits A full listing of facilities and programs Chief Mountain Customs Waterton/Glacier International Peace In Waterton Lakes 80 km/hr* accessible to disabled visitors to the parks is May 19 through May 31 .... 9a.m.to6p.m. Park's roads offer access to some of the most In the Waterton townsite 30 km/hr* available at park visitor information cen­ June 1 through Sept. 17 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. spectacular mountain scenery in the world. In Glacier 45 mi/hr* ters, entrance stations, and in the Nature Closed Sept. 18 through mid-May, 1996 Increase your enjoyment of this area: 'unless otherwise posted. with a Afotara//^publication. The Apgar and Piegan/Carway Customs • Drive the speed limit at all times. St. Mary Visitor Centers are fully accessible. Year-round 7 a.m. to 11 p.m. • Take time to enjoy the views. If more than The Trail of the Cedars, The Interna­ Trail Creek Customs four vehicles stack up behind you, please For Foreign Visitors tional Peace Park Pavilion, The Linnet Lake June 1 through Oct. 31.... 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. use a pullout to let them pass safely. Foreign language translations of the park Trail, near Waterton townsite, The Waterton Roosville Customs • Watch out for wildlife along the roads, es­ map/brochure in German, Dutch, French, townsite trail, and the Cameron Lake Day Year-round open 24 hours pecially at dusk or at night. Animals often Spanish, and Japanese are available at visitor Use area are all accessible by wheelchair. dart out in front of vehicles. centers throughout Glacier and Waterton. • Please watch for and give the right of way Taiwanese is also available in Glacier. to children and pedestrians.