Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. Vol. 33, No. 2: 100-111, April 2017 https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2017.33.2.008
Review article A Taxonomic Review of the Genus Athalia (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Athaliinae) from South Korea
Bia Park1, Jin-Kyung Choi2, Meicai Wei3, Jong-Wook Lee1,*
1Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea 2Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road SW7 5BD, London, UK 3Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees (Central South University of Forestry and Technology), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China
ABSTRACT
The species of the genus Athalia Leach from South Korea are reviewed. Six species are listed, one of which is a new record from South Korea (Athalia tanaoserrula Chu and Wang). In South Korean Athalia, we were not able to find any specimens of A. kashmirensis Benson, while many specimens identified as such were a misidentifications of A. tanaoserrula. Therefore, we think that A. kashmirensis should be excluded from the faunal list of South Korea. A key to the species of South Korean Athalia, diagnosis, photographs of the diagnostic characters, distribution and recorded hosts for each species are also provided. Keywords: Athalia kashmirensis, Athalia tanaoserrula, host plant, key, new record
INTRODUCTION The genus Athalia is the largest group of Athaliinae with 102 described species (Taeger et al., 2010). All species are The genus Athalia was established by Leach (1817) based distributed in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, Oriental, and Pa- on Tenthredo spinarum Fabricius as a type species belong- laearctic regions, whereas 27 species of this genus have ing to the subfamily Tenthredininae. Rohwer (1910) regard- been recorded from the Eastern Palaearctic. In East Asia, 28 ed it as the subfamily Athaliinae (including only a genus species are recorded in China, 10 in Japan, 16 in Russia and Athalia) of the family Tenthredinidae. Wei and Nie (1998) 20 in India (South Asia) (Blank et al., 2012), but only five also regarded it as the same subfamily and tribe Athaliini but species are distributed in South Korea: A. infumata (Mar- transferred it into Blennocampidae. A number of researchers latt), A. japonica (Klug), A. kashmirensis Benson, A. prox- have studied the higher classification of this genus, and until ima (Klug), and A. rosae ruficornis Jakovlev (Lee and Ryu, now, it has been known that genus Athalia belongs to the 1995, 1996; Lee et al., 2000). As part of a recent study of subfamily Allantinae (Saini and Deep, 1989; Saini and Vasu, Athaliinae, we collected and examined many South Korean 1997; Shinohara, 2000; Wappler et al., 2005; Taeger et al., specimens of Athalia (more than 3,500 individuals). Among 2010). Schulmeister (2003) and Schulmeister et al. (2002) them, we found all the specimens of A. tanaoserrula that thought that Athalia was only remotely related to the other were previously misidentified asA. kashmirensis. Therefore, members of Tenthredinidae. Its taxonomic position has re- we believe that the distribution of A. kashmirensis in South mained unstable until recently. According to recent study Korea is questionable. on superfamilies of Symphyta and intrafamilial phyloge- In this study, we report A. tanaoserrula Chu and Wang netic relationships using both morphological and molecular new to South Korean fauna. A key to the species of South analyses, genus Athalia formerly belonging to Allantinae Korean Athalia and photographs of the diagnostic characters was moved to the subfamily Athaliinae (Malm and Nyman, are provided. 2015).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative *To whom correspondence should be addressed Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ Tel: 82-53-810-2376, Fax: 82-53-811-2376 licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, E-mail: [email protected] and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. eISSN 2234-8190 Copyright The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology Athalia of South Korea
MATERIALS AND METHODS with a long petiole about two times length of cu-a. Valvi- ceps strongly bent, apical margin incised, with a distinct Specimens used in this study were collected using sweep dorsal apical process and a small but distinct lateral lobe. nets and Malaise traps, after which they were deposited in Biology. As far as known, Athalia larvae are phytophagous the Animal Systematic Laboratory of Yeungnam University attacking herbaceous plants (Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, (YNU, Gyeongsan, South Korea). Type material of Athalia Crassulaceae, Lamiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Ranunculaceae, kashmirensis is housed in the Natural History Museum and Scrophulariaceae) (Benson, 1962; Abe, 1988). (BMNH, London, UK). Distribution. Afrotropical, Nearctic, Oriental, and Palaearc- Observations of the adult morphology were made with a tic regions. Stemi 2000 stereomicroscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The images of adults were captured with an AxioCam HRc Key to species of South Korean Athalia camera through a SteREO Discovery. V20 stereomicro- 1. Clypeus rounded (Fig. 4A-D), yellow or dark brown to scope (Carl Zeiss) and were produced with AxioVision64SE black in female and whitish yellow in male ···················· 2 software (Carl Zeiss). The lancet and penis valve were - Clypeus angulated (Fig. 4E) and white or whitish yellow photographed with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-Ri1 camera in both sexes ···································································· 5 mounted on a Nikon eclipse 80i microscope and were pro- 2. Mid and hind femora with a very narrow black ring at duced with NIS-Elements BR 3.2 program (Nikon, Japan). apex (Fig. 5B); first abdominal tergite entirely black (Fig. Composite images were created from stacks of images using 3B) ·································································· A. japonica IMT i-Solution version 11.0 software and final plates were - All femora entirely yellowish brown or yellow; first ab- prepared in Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Adobe Systems Incor- dominal tergite at least partly yellowish brown ·············· 3 porated, San Jose, USA). 3. All tibiae and tarsomeres with a narrow black ring at apex
The morphological terminology follows Viitasaari (2002), (Fig. 5D); labrum subtriangular protruding and distinctly of which the terminology of genitalia and wing venation longer than median height of clypeus (Fig. 4D); antenna follows Ross (1945) and Niu and Wei (2010), respectively. short and stout, with seventh antennomere about as long
Names of the mentioned host plants follow The Plant List as wide ················································· A. rosae ruficornis (http://www.theplantlist.org/). - Mid and hind tibiae and tarsi largely or entirely black, without a narrow ring (Fig. 5A, C); labrum weakly pro- truding and about as long as or slightly longer than me- SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS dian height of clypeus (Fig. 4A, C); antenna slender, with seventh antennomere clearly longer than wide ··············· 4 Order Hymenoptera Linnaeus, 1758 4. Posterior 1/3 of mesoscutum black; mesoscutellum en- Family Tenthredinidae Latreille, 1802 tirely black (Fig. 3A) ······································· A. infumata 1 *Subfamily Athaliinae Rohwer, 1911 - Mesoscutum entirely yellowish brown or posterior mar- gin of lateral lobe partly black in several specimens; me- 2 *Genus Athalia Leach, 1817 soscutellum usually partly yellowish brown (Fig. 3C) ······· Athalia Leach, 1817: 126. Type species: Tenthredo spinarum ··········································································· A. proxima Fabricius, 1793. 5. Tegula black (Fig. 8B); all femora yellowish brown ex-
Athalia (Dentathalia) Benson, 1931: 111. Type species: cept apical 1/4 to half black (Fig. 8A, C) ··························· Athalia scutellariae Cameron, 1880. ··································································· A. kashmirensis - Tegula yellowish brown (Fig. 3E); all femora entirely yel- - Diagnosis. Antenna with 10 11 segments, two apical seg- lowish brown (Fig. 5E) ····························· A. tanaoserrula ments almost fused and flagellum subclavate. Head strongly compressed, hind orbit round, occipital carina absent, man- 3*Athalia infumata (Marlatt, 1898) dibles simple and inner margin of eyes strongly convergent (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A) downwards. Upper part of mesepimeron convex. Fore wing Phyllotoma infumata Marlatt, 1898: 494. + with thickened vein C and Sc R, obliterated cell C, cell Athalia nigrinotum Matsumura, 1912: 69. 1M with a distinct dorsal petiole, vein 1m-cu meeting cell Athalia infumata: Lee et al., 1995: 293. 1M at basal 1/5 and completed anal cell, with oblique anal cross vein. Hind wing with cells Rs and M closed, anal cell Diagnosis. Female: Body length 6.4-7.3 mm (Fig. 1A).
Korean name: 1*무잎벌아과 (신칭), 2*무잎벌속, 3*연무잎벌
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 101 Bia Park, Jin-Kyung Choi, Meicai Wei, Jong-Wook Lee
A B
C D
E
Fig. 1. Habitus of Athalia spp., female (in dorsal view). A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoserrula. Scale bars: A-E=2.0 mm.
Head and antenna black. Basal 2/3 of mandible and palpi long as or slightly longer than median height of clypeus (Fig. brown. Thorax yellowish brown, except basal half of 4A). Lancet as in Fig. 6A, with 14 serrulae. propleuron, posterior 2/3 of mesonotum, metanotum and Male: Body length 5.7-7.3 mm. Similar to female, but cenchrus black (Fig. 3A). Legs yellowish brown, except all clypeus, labrum, basal 2/3 of mandible white. Distance be- tibiae and tarsi black (Fig. 5A). Abdomen yellowish brown, tween eyes at level of base of clypeus 0.5 times as wide as except median part of first abdominal tergite black. Ovipos- height of eye. Penis valve as in Fig. 7A. itor sheath black. Inner margin of eyes convergent in frontal Material examined. Data describing specimens used for view, distance between eyes at level of base of clypeus 0.8 morphological study are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 to times as wide as height of eye (Fig. 2A). Clypeus rounded describe seasonal and regional appearance of species (163 without lateral margin. Labrum weakly protruding and as females and 603 males) (Fig. 9).
102 Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 Athalia of South Korea
A B
C D
E
Fig. 2. Head of Athalia spp., female (in frontal view). A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoserrula. Scale bars: A, C-E=2.0 mm, B=0.5 mm.
Host plants. Brassicaceae: Brassica rapa L., Cardamine tirely and first abdominal tergite are entirely black. flexuosa With., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Raphanus sati- vus var. sativus, Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern (Okutani, 1967; 1*Athalia japonica (Klug, 1815) Abe, 1988). (Figs. 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B) Distribution. China, India, Japan, Korea (North and South), Tenthredo (Allantus) japonica Klug, 1815: 131. Russia. Athalia novittola Kokujev, 1927: 64-65. Remarks. Usually posterior half of mesonotum and median Athalia japonica: Doi, 1938: 30. part of first abdominal tergite are black. However, in some South Korean specimens, mesonotum posterior half to en- Diagnosis. Female: Body length 6.7-8.1 mm (Fig. 1B).
Korean name: 1*왜무잎벌
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 103 Bia Park, Jin-Kyung Choi, Meicai Wei, Jong-Wook Lee
A B C
D E
Fig. 3. Thorax of Athalia spp., female (in dorsal view). A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoserrula. Scale bars: A, B=1.0 mm, C-E=2.0 mm.
Head and antenna black. Palpi yellowish brown. Thorax peus 0.6 times as wide as height of eye. Penis valve as in yellowish brown, except mesopostnotum, metascutum, Fig. 7B. metapostnotum and cenchrus black, mesoscutum brown (Fig. Material examined. Data describing specimens used for 3B). Legs yellowish brown, except all tibiae and tarsi black morphological study are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 to and mid and hind femora with a very narrow black ring describe seasonal and regional appearance of species (524 at apex (Fig. 5B). Abdomen yellowish brown, except first females and 507 males) (Fig. 9). China: 1♂, Jilin long-white abdominal tergite entirely black. Ovipositor sheath black. Mt. Fanyhuoliaowangta, 42°04′58″N, 128°13′43″E, 11 Jul Inner margin of eyes convergent in frontal view, distance 2014, Song GM (YNU); 2♂♂, ditto, Kang GW (YNU); 2♂ between eyes at level of base of clypeus 0.8 times as wide ♂, ditto, Choi JK (YNU); 1♂, ditto, 9 Jul 2014, Choi JK as height of eye (Fig. 2B). Clypeus rounded without later- (YNU). al margin. Labrum subtriangular protruding and distinctly Host plants. Brassicaceae: Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop., Bras- longer than median height of clypeus (Fig. 4B). Lancet as in sica rapa L., Cardamine appendiculata Franch. & Sav., C. Fig. 6B, with 17 serrulae. flexuosa With., C. impatiens L., C. leucantha (Tausch) O. Male: Body length 5.4-7.2 mm. Similar to female, but cly- E. Schulz, C. yezoensis Maxim., Eutrema japonicum (Miq.) peus, labrum, basal 2/3 of mandible white, palpi yellowish Koidz., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Raphanus sativus var. brown. All tibiae and tarsomeres with a large narrow black sativus, Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern, Turritis glabra L. (Oku- ring at apex. Distance between eyes at level of base of cly- tani, 1967; Abe, 1988).
104 Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 Athalia of South Korea
A B
C D
E
Fig. 4. Clypeus of Athalia spp., female. A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoserrula. Scale bars: A-E=1.0 mm.
Distribution. China, India, Japan, Korea (North and South), metanotum, propleuron, sometimes mesepimeron and tegula Russia. black (Fig. 8B). Legs yellowish brown, except apical half or 1/4 of all femora, all tibiae and tarsi black. Abdomen yel- 1*Athalia kashmirensis Benson, 1932 (Figs. 8A-D) lowish brown. Ovipositor sheath entirely black. Inner mar- Athalia (Athalia) cordata kashmirensis Benson, 1932: 187. gin of eyes slightly convergent in frontal view, distance be- Athalia veronicae Takeuchi, 1949: 49. Not available. No- tween eyes at level of base of clypeus same as height of eye. men nudum. Clypeus angulated with lateral margin (Fig. 8C). Labrum Athalia kashmirensis: Lee & Ryu, 1995: 21. weakly protruding and about as long as or slightly longer than median height of clypeus. Diagnosis (based on holotype). Female: Body length 5.1- Male: Body length 4.8-5.8 mm. Similar to female, but dis- 7.2 mm (Fig. 8A). Head and antenna black, except last an- tance between eyes at level of base of clypeus shorter than tennomere yellowish brown point at apex. Clypeus, labrum, that of female. basal 2/3 of mandible white, rest part of mandible and palpi Type material examined. Holotype, 1♀, India: Kashmir yellowish brown. Thorax yellowish brown, except poste- Gulmarg, 11 Jul 1931, Fletcher (BMNH). rior margin of mesoscutellum, mesopostnotum, cenchrus, Host plants. Plantaginaceae: Veronica arvensis L., V. per-
Korean name: 1*흰입술무잎벌
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 105 Bia Park, Jin-Kyung Choi, Meicai Wei, Jong-Wook Lee
A A
B B
C
C
D
D E
E Fig. 6. Lancet of Athalia spp., female. A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoser- rula. Scale bars: A-E=1.0 mm.
Fig. 5. Hind leg of Athalia spp., female. A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoser- lowish brown (Abe, 1988: 97, fig. E) and the tegula are yel- rula. Scale bars: A, B=0.5 mm, C-E=2.0 mm. lowish brown (Abe, 1988: 96, fig. G).
1*Athalia proxima (Klug, 1815) sica Poir., V. polita spp. lilacina (H. Hara ex T. Yamaz.) T. (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C, 6C, 7C) Yamaz. (Okutani, 1967). Tenthredo (Allantus) proxima Klug, 1815: 130-131. Distribution. China, India, Japan, South Korea. Athalia tibialis Cameron, 1876: 460. Remarks. Lee and Ryu (1995) firstly recorded this species Athalia spinarum var. Orientalis [sic!] Cameron, 1877: 90. in South Korea. However, we have determined that this was Athalia proxima var. funebris Forsius, 1925: 91-92. a misidentification of A. tanaoserrula, based on our exam- Athalia colibri var. kuroiwae Matsumura and Uchida, 1926: ination of their voucher specimens. Therefore, it seems to be 70. more reasonable to omit this species from the South Korean Athalia lugens var. camtschatica Forsius, 1928: 46. fauna. We also found that a paper published by Takeuchi Athalia lugens var. tristis Forsius, 1934: 106. (1952) and Abe (1988) had some errors in the description Athalia proxima: Takeuchi, 1927: 387. of A. kashmirensis. We checked the specimens which were identified as A. veronicae and A. kashmirensis in the Takeu- Diagnosis. Female: Body length 5.8-7.7 mm (Fig. 1C). chi’s collection and confirmed that all specimens were a Head and antenna black. Apical 1/3 of mandible dark brown misidentification of A. tanaoserrula. Holotype of A. kash- and palpi brown. Thorax yellowish brown, except basal mirensis all femora are distinctly black at apical part and the half of propleuron, posterior margin of lateral mesoscutal tegula are black (Fig. 8A, B), while in A. kashmirensis senso lobe, metanotum, cenchrus black (Fig. 3C). Legs yellowish Takeuchi (1952), Abe (1988) the all femora are entirely yel- brown, except all tibiae and tarsi black (Fig. 5C). Abdomen
Korean name: 1*두색무잎벌
106 Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 Athalia of South Korea
A B C D E
Fig. 7. Penis valve of Athalia spp., male. A, A. infumata; B, A. japonica; C, A. proxima; D, A. rosae ruficornis; E, A. tanaoserrula. Scale bars: A-E=1.0 mm. yellowish brown. Ovipositor sheath black. Inner margin of 1*Athalia rosae ruficornis Jakovlev, 1888 eyes convergent in frontal view, distance between eyes at (Figs. 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D, 7D) level of base of clypeus 0.8 times as wide as height of eye Athalia spinarum var. ruficornis Jakovlev, 1888: 373. (Fig. 2C). Clypeus rounded without lateral margin. Labrum Athalia leucostoma Cameron, 1904: 108. weakly protruding and about as long as or slightly longer Athalia spinarum japanensis Rohwer, 1910: 109-110. than median height of clypeus (Fig. 4C). Lancet as in Fig. Athalia rosae ruficornis: Zombori, 1974: 455. 6C, with 16 serrulae. Male: Body length 4.9-6.4 mm. Similar to female, but cly- Diagnosis. Female: Body length 6.0-8.1 mm (Fig. 1D). peus, labrum, basal 2/3 of mandible white, palpi yellow. Head black and antenna dark brown. Clypeus, labrum, bas- Ventral part of antenna white or yellowish brown. Distance al 2/3 of mandible and palpi yellow, rest of mandible dark between eyes at level of base of clypeus 0.5 times as wide brown. Thorax yellowish brown, except anterior 2/3 of as height of eye. Penis valve as in Fig. 7C. propleuron, posterior half of lateral mesoscutal lobe, meta- Material examined. Data describing specimens used for notum and cenchrus black (Fig. 3D). Legs yellowish brown, morphological study are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 to except all tibiae and tarsomeres a large black ring at apex describe seasonal and regional appearance of species (947 (Fig. 5D). Abdomen yellowish brown. Ovipositor sheath females and 626 males) (Fig. 9). black. Inner margin of eyes convergent in frontal view, dis- Host plants. Brassicaceae: Brassica juncea (L.) Czern., B. tance between eyes at level of base of clypeus 0.8 times as napus L., B. nigra (L.) K. Koch, B. rapa L., Lepidium sa- wide as height of eye (Fig. 2D). Clypeus rounded without tivum L., Raphanus raphanistrum L. (Benson, 1962). lateral margin. Labrum subtriangular protruding and dis- Distribution. China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea (North tinctly longer than median height of clypeus (Fig. 4D). Lan- and South), Myanmar, Russia, Taiwan. cet as in Fig. 6D, with 16 serrulae. Remarks. Usually mesopostnotum and metanotum are Male: Body length 6.2-7.0 mm. Similar to female, but face, black. However, in some South Korean specimens, posterior malar space, clypeus, labrum and basal 2/3 of mandible half of mesonotum (except for mesoscutellum) or posterior white and palpi yellow. Scape, pedicel and ventral part of half of mesoscutellum and median part of first tergite are flagellum yellowish brown. Distance between eyes at level black. of base of clypeus 0.6 times as wide as height of eye. Penis valve as in Fig. 7D.
Korean name: 1*무잎벌
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 107 Bia Park, Jin-Kyung Choi, Meicai Wei, Jong-Wook Lee
A C
B D
Fig. 8. Athalia kashmirensis, holotype (female). A, Habitus in lateral view; B, Habitus in dorsal view; C, Head in frontal view; D, La- bels.
Material examined. Data describing specimens used for 1*Athalia tanaoserrula Chu and Wang, 1962 morphological study are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 to (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3E, 4E, 5E, 6E, 7E) describe seasonal and regional appearance of species (209 Athalia tanaoserrula Chu and Wang, 1962: 512. females and 107 males) (Fig. 9). Athalia kwangsiensis Chu and Wang, 1962: 512. Host plants. Brassicaceae: Brassica rapa L., Cardamine flexuosa With., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Rorippa indica Diagnosis. Female: Body length 5.6-6.6 mm (Fig. 1E). (L.) Hiern, Raphanus sativus var. sativus (Okutani, 1967; Head and antenna black, except scape dark brown and last Abe, 1988). antennomere yellow point at apex. Clypeus, labrum, basal Distribution. China, India, Japan, Korea (North and South), 2/3 of mandible white, rest part of mandible dark brown to Nepal, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan. brown and palpi yellowish brown. Thorax yellowish brown, Remarks. Usually posterior half of lateral mesoscutal lobe except mesopostnotum, cenchrus and metanotum black (Fig. with a large black macula. However, in some South Korean 3E). Legs yellow, except all tibiae and tarsi black (Fig. 5E). specimens, only lateral margin of lateral mesoscutal lobe is Abdomen yellow. Apical half of ovipositor sheath black. In- black and reduced black macula. ner margin of eyes slightly convergent in frontal view, dis- tance between eyes at level of base of clypeus 1.2 times as
Korean name: 1*끝뾰족무잎벌 (신칭)
108 Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 Athalia of South Korea
Table 1. Provincial emergence of each species among genus Athalia collected in South Korea A. infumata A. japonica A. proxima A. rosae ruficornis A. tanaoserrula
♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ CB 56 135 112 113 229 98 4 1 10 1 CN 3 9 3 7 28 21 6 2 1 1 GB 46 84 106 93 297 115 107 55 25 12 GG 3 7 59 13 89 51 26 14 13 9 GN 14 15 35 24 50 43 37 14 11 3 GW 26 325 105 166 168 255 12 5 46 7 JB 11 8 82 31 68 27 5 8 17 17 JJ 1 1 - - 5 1 1 - - - JN 2 15 19 56 8 13 10 7 13 19 No data 1 4 3 4 5 2 1 1 - 1 Total 163 603 524 507 947 626 209 107 136 70 766 1,031 1,573 316 206
CB, Chungcheongbuk-do; CN, Chungcheongnam-do; GB, Gyeongsangbuk-do; GG, Gyeonggi-do; GN, Gyeongsangnam-do; GW, Gangwon-do; JB, Jeollabuk-do; JJ, Jeju-do; JN, Jeollanam-do.
Table 2. Monthly emergence of each species among genus Athalia collected in South Korea Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov No data
♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ A. infumata - - 1 - 28 41 82 206 29 29 10 159 2 44 9 56 1 1 - - 1 4 A. japonica - - 1 - 93 70 269 207 73 146 20 24 29 21 35 35 - - - - 4 4 A. proxima - - 2 - 183 57 373 206 104 85 132 132 99 82 47 62 1 - - - 6 2 A. rosae ruficornis - 1 2 - 6 2 27 11 54 31 52 27 49 24 14 8 2 3 1 - 2 - A. tanaoserrula - - - - 32 13 65 43 - - - - - 1 33 10 6 2 - - - - Total - 1 6 - 342 183 816 673 260 291 214 342 179 172 138 171 10 6 1 - 13 10
700 A. infumata morphological study are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 to A. japonica 600 describe seasonal and regional appearance of species (136 A. proxima A. rosae ruficornis females and 70 males) (Fig. 9). 500 A. tanaoserrula Host plants. Unknown. 400 Distribution. South Korea (new record), China.
300
200 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 100
0 The authors thank the two anonymous reviewers for their Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality
Fig. 9. Monthly emergence of each species among genus of the paper. This work was supported by a grant from the
Athalia collected in South Korea. National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201701203). wide as height of eye (Fig. 2E). Clypeus angulated with lat- eral margin. Labrum weakly protruding and about as long as or slightly longer than median height of clypeus (Fig. 4E). REFERENCES Lancet as in Fig. 6E, with 15 serrulae. - Male: Body length 4.7 5.7 mm. Similar to female, but all Abe M, 1988. A biosystematics study of the genus Athalia tibiae and tarsomeres with a black ring at apex. Median part Leach of Japan (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Esakia, of first abdominal tergite black. Eyes more convergent than 26:91-131. female. Penis valve as in Fig. 7E. Benson RB, 1931. Notes on the British sawflies of the genus Material examined. Data describing specimens used for Athalia (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), with the descrip-
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 109 Bia Park, Jin-Kyung Choi, Meicai Wei, Jong-Wook Lee
tion of a new species. The Entomologist’s Monthly Maga- Lee JW, Ryu SM, 1996. Synonymic list and distribution of zine, Third Series, 67:109-114. Symphyta (Hymenoptera) in Korea. Entomological Re- Benson RB, 1932. Sawfly Notes. -II. Parallel variation in search Bulletin Supplement, pp. 3-63. Athalia lugens Kl. and Athalia cordata Lep. (Hymenoptera, Lee JW, Ryu SM, Quan YT, Jung JC, 2000. Hymenoptera Symphyta). The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (Symphyta: Tenthredinidae). Economic insects of Korea, 2. including Zoology, Botany, and Geology; Tenth Series, Insecta Koreana Supplement, 9:1-222. 9:183-188. Lee JW, Ryu SM, Shin JK, 1995. A taxonomic study on the Benson RB, 1962. A revision of the Athaliini (Hymenoptera: suborder Symphyta (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from Mt. So- Symphyta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural Histo- baek. Journal of Natural Sciences, Yeungnam Univiversity, ry), Entomology Series, 11:333-382. 15:285-308. Blank SM, Groll EK, Liston AD, Prous M, Taeger A, 2012. Malm T, Nyman T, 2015. Phylogeny of the symphytan grade of ECatSym: Electronic World Catalog of Symphyta (Insecta, Hymenoptera: new pieces into the old jigsaw (fly) puzzle. Hymenoptera). Program version 4.0 beta, data version 39 Cladistics, 31:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12069 (18.12.2012) [Internet]. Digital Entomological Information, Marlatt CL, 1898. Japanese Hymenoptera of the family Ten- Müncheberg, Accessed 10 Mar 2017,
110 Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 Athalia of South Korea
Takeuchi K, 1952. A generic classification of the Japanese Ten- Wei M, Nie H, 1998. Generic list of Tenthredinoidea s. str. (Hy- thredinidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Shinbi Printing Co., menoptera) in new systematic arrangement with synonyms Kyoto, pp. 1-90. and distribution data. Journal of Central South Forestry Viitasaari M, 2002. Sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) I. A University, 18:23-31. review of the suborder, the Western Palaearctic taxa of Xy- Zombori L, 1974. Sawflies from Korea (Hymenoptera: Sym- eloidea and Pamphilioidea. Tremex Press Ltd., Helsinki, phyta). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungari- pp. 1-516. cae, 20:453-461. Wappler T, Hinsken S, Brocks JJ, Wetzel A, Meyer CA, 2005. A fossil sawfly of the genus Athalia (Hymenoptera: Ten- Received March 12, 2017 thredinidae) from the Eocene-Oligocene boundary of Alt- Revised April 10, 2017 kirch, France. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 4:7-16. Accepted April 13, 2017
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. 33(2), 100-111 111