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CHAPMAN UNIVERSITY University Honors Program One University Drive Orange, CA 92866

COURSE SYLLABUS

HON 366 Spring 2012 Deities and Demons: Ancient and Modern

Catalog Description: Prerequisite: acceptance to the University Honors Program, or consent of instructor. Embark on a journey to ancient through an examination of and rituals from the “cradle of .” Our journey moves thematically through the literature exploring creation, afterlife, deities, magic, witchcraft, sexuality, and gender roles, with special attention to modern expressions of these ancient themes. (Offered as needed.) 3 credits.

Learning Outcomes: Through an analysis of ancient literature (myths, rituals, narratives, legal accounts) and archaeological remains (iconography, architecture, artifacts) you will understand the social, historical, political, and religious development of the ancient Near Eastern .

While these texts originated within their unique socio-historical context, many of the ideas and concerns they contain, such as life, death, afterlife, societal and gender roles are still relevant for today. By understanding the variant interpretations and applications of these texts, and how they have influenced the development of Western society, you should gain insight into how ancient ideas resurface in .

We will apply a variety of theoretical and interdisciplinary methodologies (feminist critique, ideological criticism, comparative studies, textual criticism, historical analysis, etc) to these primary texts to develop critical thinking skills and to understand that all texts have multiple meanings. For example, in comparing different translations of the texts, you will grasp the power of language and the transmission of ideas. A feminist approach to the text will aid in understanding society and gender roles. The diversity of opinions encountered in the readings and in the class discussions will necessarily provoke the scholarly question of how one reads such ancient texts.

You will develop effective skills, specifically in the areas of written and oral exposition and analysis, through formal and informal writing assignments, class presentations.

In addition to class time (discussing course readings, group-exercises, and shared 2

projects, we will have guest speakers and field trips, providing the context for active learning and engaging with others.

Course Objectives and Goals:

• Gain an appreciation and familiarity with the content, dating, themes, and literary genres of classic Mesopotamian literature • Explore the cultural, historical, and socio-political world of the ancient Mesopotamia and understand its influence on modern society • Employ theoretical and critical methodologies in the study of ancient texts • Understand how religion acts as both a response to and as an expression of the human condition. • Develop writing, oral presentation, and critical thinking skills. Critical thinking develops the ability to construct and discern relationships, analyze arguments, and solve complex problems

Content:

Topics include: • Mesopotamian Religion: Gods, Goddess, Demons • Mesopotamian Iconography and • and Archaeology • Cuneiform writing • Genres of Mesopotamian Literature • Theories of • Creation and Myths of Origin • Flood Myths • Underworld Myths • Prayers and Hymns • Astrology and Divination • Incantations and Love Spells • Exorcism, Witchcraft and Magic • Religious Festivals including the New Year festival • Deities and Demons today • Mesopotamia in Popular

Some of the major myths covered: • • Enuma Elish (Creation Epic) • Atrahasis • Adapa and the South Wind • Ishtar’s Descent into Underworld • and • and 3

• Enki and Ninmah • Enki and the World Order

Current Required Texts: Foster, Benjamin R. Before The Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature. 3rd Edition. University of Maryland Press, 2005. George, Andrew. : a new translation. London: Penguin, 2003. Dalley, Stephanie. Myths from Mesopotamia. Revised Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Handouts and articles on Blackboard.

Instructional Strategies:

Classroom time will be spent mainly in discussion and group in-class assignments, with some mini-lectures and multimedia presentations to establish context. Students will utilize primary texts and scholarly articles or commentaries on those texts.

Methods of Evaluation: Blog: 30% Group Project: 20% Class Participation: 20% Research Project: 30 %

Class Participation: Your participation grade will include a combination of factors: class attendance, arriving for class on time, preparation for the class session and discussions, participation in small group discussions, asking and answering appropriate questions during the lectures, attentiveness during class, etc. Many classes will have in- class assignments that count towards your grade. If you miss that particular class, you will not be able to make up the assignment.

Readings: You will read primary texts and scholarly articles or commentaries on these texts. Primary texts often require multiple readings. (See handout- “How to read ancient Literature”). Informal writing, both in and outside class will be required.

Group Myth/Ritual Project: Creative collaborative project on a myth or ritual of your choice. Projects will be presented to the class and peer-reviewed by class members. Some suggestions for the project: • Children’s storybook • Comic strip • Artwork (picture, sculpture, etc.) • Short story or novella • Song/Musical/Music video • Movie /YouTube video • TV commercial • Website/Blog/Wiki • Play or other dramatic performance 4

• Short story or novella • Poem • Game

Weekly Blog Questions: This blog is designed to help you comprehend and synthesize the readings, as well as to help you develop your critical thinking and writing skills. Academic blogs are not diary entries. Most of your blog entries will address specific questions or prompts which allow you to explore a topic in greater detail or apply a theoretical model to a given case study. Many of your blog entries/in-class assignments will require various forms of written communication (i.e., first person accounts, comparisons, resume forms, personal correspondences, outlines, expository writing, case studies, opinion papers etc.) Each blog entry will be at least 2 pages (approx. 500-600 words) for each entry, but you are free to write as much as you want. The content of your writing and reflection rather than quantity should be your guiding factor.

Research Paper: A research paper (10-12 pages) on a topic of your choice. The final research paper will involve several components which will be due throughout the semester:

• Paper Proposal • Annotated Bibliography • Personal Consultation /Outline • Research Paper • Class discussion of research paper . Chapman University Academic Integrity Policy: The course syllabus should include the following statement: Chapman University is a community of scholars which emphasizes the mutual responsibility of all members to seek knowledge honestly and in good faith. Students are responsible for doing their own work, and academic dishonesty of any kind will not be tolerated anywhere in the university

Students with Disabilities Policy: The course syllabus should include the following statement: In compliance with ADA guidelines, students who have any condition, either permanent or temporary, that might affect their ability to perform in this class are encouraged to inform the instructor at the beginning of the term. The University, through the Center for Academic Success, will work with the appropriate faculty member who is asked to provide the accommodations for a student in determining what accommodations are suitable based on the documentation and the individual student needs. The granting of any accommodation will not be retroactive and cannot jeopardize the academic standards or integrity of the course.

Select Bibliography:

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Abusch, Tzvi. “An Early Form of the Witchcraft Ritual Malqû and the Origin of a Babylonian Magical Ceremony.” In Lingering Over Words. Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Literature in Honor of William L. Moron. eds. Tzvi Abusch, John Huehnergard, and Piotr Steinkeller, 1-57. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990. Abusch, Tzvi. “Ishtar’s Proposal and Gilgamesh’s Refusal: an Interpretation of The Gilgamesh Epic, Tablet 6, Lines 179,” History of Religions 26 (1986): 143-87. Abusch, Tzvi. Babylonian Witchcraft and Literature. Atlanta: Scholars, 1987. Alster, Bendt, ed. Death in Mesopotamia: Papers Read at the XXVIe Rencontre assyriologique internationale. Vol. 8, Mesopotamia. Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag, 1980. Arnold, Bill. Who Were the Babylonians. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature Press, 2004. Aruz, Joan with Ronald Wallenfels (eds.), et. al. Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2003. Bahrani, Zainab. Women of : Gender and Representation in Mesopotamia. London: Routledge, 2001. Bertman, Stephen. Handbook to Life in Ancient Mesopotamia. New York: Facts on File, 2003. Bidmead, Julye. The Akitu Festival: Religious Continuity and Royal Legitimation in Mesopotamia, Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2004. Bienkowski, Piotr and Allan Millard, eds. Dictionary of the . Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2000. Biggs, Robert D. “Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health in Ancient Mesopotamia.” 1911–1924 in of the Ancient Near East. Edited by Jack M. Sasson. Black, Jeremy, and Anthony Green. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. An Illustrated Dictionary. London: British Museum Press: Austin: University of Texas Press,1992. Bottéro, Jean, E. Mesopotamia: Writing, Reasoning, and the Gods. Translated by Zainab Bahrani and Marc Van De Mieroop. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Bottero, Jean. Religion in Ancient Mesopotamia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001. Butler, S.A.L. Mesopotamian Conceptions of and Rituals. Munster: Ugarit- Verlag, 1998. Cambridge . Vol. I-III. Cambridge University Press, 1970. Cameron, A. and A. Kuhrt, eds. Images of Women in Antiquity. London: Croom Helm, 1983. Campbell, Stuart & Anthony Green, eds. Archaeology of Death in the Ancient Near East. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 1995. Charpin, Dominique. “The History of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Overview.” in Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. 4 vols. ed. Jack M. Sasson, 807-830. New York: Schribner, 1995. Clifford, Richard J. Creation Accounts in the Ancient Near East and in the Bible. CBQ Monograph Series 26. Washington, DC: The Catholic Biblical Association of American, 1994. 6

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Prepared by: Julye Bidmead, Fall 2011

Last revised: Julye Bidmead, Fall 2011 11