The Journal of the British Columbia Historical Federation
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“Any country worthy of a future should be interested in its past.” W. Kaye Lamb, 1937 This Issue: Klondike Trails | Historic CSI | Teaching History | An Index | Vol. 38 No.1 2005 | $5.00 The Journal of the British Columbia Historical Federation British Columbia History British Columbia Historical Federation Journal of the British Columbia Historical Federation A charitable society under the Income Tax Act Organized 31 October 1922 Published four times a year. ISSN: print 1710-7881 online 1710-792X PO Box 5254, Station B., Victoria BC V8R 6N4 British Columbia History welcomes stories, studies, and news items dealing with any aspect of the Under the Distinguished Patronage of Her Honour history of British Columbia, and British Columbians. The Honourable Iona Campagnolo. PC, CM, OBC Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia Please submit manuscripts for publication to the Editor, British Columbia History, Honourary President Melva Dwyer John Atkin, 921 Princess Avenue, Vancouver BC V6A 3E8 e-mail: [email protected] Officers Book reviews for British Columbia History,, AnneYandle, President 3450 West 20th Avenue, Jacqueline Gresko Vancouver BC V6S 1E4, 5931 Sandpiper Court, Richmond, BC, V7E 3P8 604.733.6484 Phone 604.274.4383 [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] First Vice President Patricia Roy Subscription & subscription information: Department of History, University of Victoria, PO Box 3045, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P4 Alice Marwood [email protected] #311 - 45520 Knight Road Chilliwack, B. C.V2R 3Z2 Second Vice President phone 604-824-1570 Bob Mukai email: [email protected] 4100 Lancelot Dr., Richmond, BC V7C 4S3 Phone 604-274-6449 [email protected] Subscriptions: $18.00 per year Secretary For addresses outside Canada add $10.00 Ron Hyde #20 12880 Railway Ave., Richmond, BC, V7E 6G2 Proof Reader: Tony Farr Phone: 604.277.2627 Fax 604.277.2657 [email protected] Recording Secretary Single copies of recent issues are for sale at: Gordon Miller 1126 Morrell Circle, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 6K6 [email protected] - Arrow Lakes Historical Society, Nakusp BC - Book Warehouse, Granville St. Vancouver BC Treasurer - Books and Company, Prince George BC Ron Greene - Gibson Coast Books, Gibsons BC PO Box 1351, Victoria, BC, V8W 2W7 Phone 250. 598.1835 Fax 250.598.5539 [email protected] - Galiano Museum - Gray Creek Store, Gray Creek BC Past President - Royal Museum Shop, Victoria BC Wayne Desrochers 13346 57th Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3X 2W8 Phone 604. 599.4206 Fax. 604.507.4202 [email protected] This publication is indexed in the Canadian Magazine Index, published by Micromedia. Member at Large Alice Marwood ISSN 1195-8294 #311 45520 Knight Road, Chilliwack, BC, V2R 3Z2 [email protected] Production Mail Registration Number 1245716 Patrick Dunae Publications Mail Registration No. 09835 History Department, Malaspina University College Member of the British Columbia Association of [email protected] Magazine Publishers Committees Historical Trails and Markers John Spittle 1241 Mount Crown Road, North Vancouver, BC, V7R 1R9 Phone 604.988.4565 [email protected] W. Kaye Lamb Essay Scholarships Committee Robert Griffin While copyright in the journal as a whole is 107 Regina Avenue, Victoria, BC, V8Z 1J4 vested in the British Columbia Historical Phone 250.475.0418 [email protected] Federation, copyright in the individual articles belongs to their respective authors, and Writing Competition - Lieutenant-Governor's Award articles may be reproduced for personal use Bob Mukai 4100 Lancelot Dr., Richmond, BC V7C 4S3 only. For reproduction for other purposes Phone 604-274-6449 [email protected] permission in writing of both author and publisher is required. www.bchistory.ca the Federation’s web site is hosted by Selkirk College in Castlegar, BC British Columbia Historical Federation Members Questions regarding membership should be sent to: Ron Hyde, Secretary, #20 12880 Railway Ave., Richmond BC V7E 6G2 an umbrella organization embracing regional societies Phone 604.277.2627 Fax 604.277.2657 [email protected] Abbotsford Genealogical Society Kimberley District Heritage Society PO Box 672, Abbotsford, BC V2S 6R7 Richmond Museum Society Box 144 Kimberley BC V1A 2Y5 #180 - 7700 Minoru Gate, Richmond, BC V6Y 1R8 Alberni District Historical Society Kitimat Centennial Museum Association PO Box 284, Port Alberni, BC V9Y 7M7 The Riondel & Area Historical Society 293 City Centre, Kitimat BC V8C 1T6 Box 201, Riondel, BC V0B 2B0 Anderson Lake Historical Society Koksilah School Historical Society PO Box 40, D'Arcy, BC V0N 1L0 Roedde House Preservation Society 5213 Trans Canada Highway, Koksilah, BC V0R 2C0 1415 Barclay St, Vancouver BC V6G 1J6 Arrow Lakes Historical Society Kootenay Doukhobor Historical Society PO Box 819, Nakusp, BC V0G 1R0 Royal Agricultural & Industrial Society of BC 112 Heritage Way, Castlegar, BC V1N 4M5 (Samson V Maritime Museum) PO Box 42516 - Atlin Historical Society Kootenay Lake Historical Society #105 - 1005 Columbia St New Westminster BC PO Box 111, Atlin, BC V0W lA0 PO Box 537, Kaslo, BC V0G 1M0 V3M 6H5 Bella Coola Valley Museum Society Ladysmith & District Historical Society Saanich Historical Artifacts Society Box 726, Bella Coola, BC V0T 1C0 c/o 781 Colonia Drive Ladysmith, BC V9G 1N2 7321 Lochside Dr., Saanichton, BC V8M 1W4 Boundary Historical Society Langley Heritage Society Salt Spring Island Historical Society PO Box 1687, Grand Forks, BC V0H 1H0 Box 982, Fort Langley, BC V1M 2S3 129 McPhillips Ave, Salt Spring Island, BC V8K 2T6 Bowen Island Historians Lantzville Historical Society Sandon Historical Society PO Box 97. Bowen Island, BC V0N 1G0 c/o PO Box 274, Lantzville, BC V0R 2H0 Box 52, New Denver, BC V0G 1S0 Bulkley Valley Historical & Museum Society Lions Bay Historical Society Sea Island Heritage Society Box 2615, Smithers, BC V0J 2N0 Bopx 571 Lions Bay, BC V0N 2E0 4191 Ferguson Road, Richmond, BC V7B 1P3 Burnaby Historical Society Little Prairie Heritage Society Sicamous District Museum & Historical Society 6501 Deer Lake Avenue, Burnaby, BC V5G 3T6 Box 1777, Chetwynd BC V0C 1J0 Box 944, Sicamous, BC V0E 2V0 B.C. History of Nursing Group London Heritage Farm Society Silvery Slocan Historical Society c/o Beth Fitzpatrick Box 444 Brackendale BC V0N 1H0 6511 Dyke Road, Richmond, BC V7E 3R3 Box 301, New Denver, BC V0G 1S0 Chemainus Valley Historical Society Maple Ridge Historical Society South Peace Historical Society PO Box 172, Chemainus, BC V0R 1K0 22520 116th Avenue, Maple Ridge, BC V2X 0S4 c/o 900 Alaska Avenue, Dawson Creek, BC V1G 4T6 Chinese Canadian Historical Society of B.C. Marpole Museum & Historical Society Steveston Historical Society 1829 MacDonald Street Vancouver, BC V6K 3X7 8743 SW Marine Dr, Vancouver, BC V6P 6A5 3811 Moncton St., Richmond, BC V7E 3A0 www.globalynx.net/marpolehistorical Cherryville and Area Historical Society Sullivan Mine & Railway Historical Society 22 Dunlevy Road, Cherryville, BC V0E 2G3 Metchosin School Museum Society PO Box 94, Kimberley BC V1A 2Y5 4475 Happy Valley Road Victoria, BCV9C 3Z3 Cowichan Historical Society Surrey Historical Society PO Box 1014, Duncan, BC V9L 3Y2 Michel-Natal-Sparwood Heritage Society Box 34003, 17790 #10 Highway, Surrey, BC V3S 8C4 PO Box 1675, Sparwood BC V0B 2G0 Craigdarroch Castle Historical Museum Society Terrace Regional Historical Society PO Box 246, Terrace, BC V8G 4A6 1050 Joan Crescent, Victoria, BC V8S 3L5 Myra Canyon Trestle Restoration Society Dixon Entrance Maritime Museum Society PBC Box 611 Kelowna BC V1Y 7P2 Trail Historical Society PO Box 183, Masset, BC V0T 1M0 PO Box 405, Trail, BC V1R 4L7 Nakusp & District Museum Society East Kootenay Historical Association PO Box 584, Nakusp, BC V0G 1R0 Union Bay Historical Society PO Box 74, Cranbrook, BC V1C 4H6 Box 448, Union Bay, BC V0R 3B0 Nanaimo & District Museum Society Finn Slough Heritage & Wetland Society 100 Cameron Road, Nanaimo, BC V9R 2X1 Vancouver Historical Society 9480 Dyke Road, Richmond BC V7A 2L5 PO Box 3071, Vancouver, BC V6B 3X6 Nanaimo Historical Society PO Box 933, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5N2 Victoria Historical Society Forest History Assn. of BC PO Box 43035, Victoria North, Victoria, BC V8X 3G2 c/o 5686 Keith Rd West Vancouver, BC V7W 2N5 Nelson Museum & Historical Society 402 Anderson Street, Nelson, BC V1L 3Y3 Williams Lake Museum and Historical Society Fort Nelson Historical Society 113 - 4th Ave North, Williams Lake, BC V2G 2C8 Box 716, Fort Nelson, BC V0C 1R0 Nicola Valley Museum Archives Association PO Box 1262, Merritt BC V1K 1B8 Yale & District historical Society Fraser-Fort George Museum Society Box 74, Yale, BC V0K 2S0 PO Box 1779 Pr. George BC V2L 4V7 North Shore Historical Society c/o 1541 Merlynn Cres., North Vancouver, BC V7J 2X9 Yellowhead Museum Gabriola Historical & Museum Society Box 1778, RR# 1, Clearwater, BC V0E 1N0 Box 213, Gabriola, BC, V0R 1X0 North Shuswap Historical Society Galiano Museum Society PO Box 57, Celista, BC V0E 1L0 S13 - C19 - RR1, Galiano Island, B C V0N 1P0 North Vancouver Museum and Archives AFFILIATED GROUPS Gray Creek Historical Society 209 West 4th St North Vancouver BC V7M 1H8 Box 4, Gray Creek, B.C. V0B 1S0 Okanagan Historical Society Archives Association of British Columbia Gulf of Georgia Cannery Society PO Box 313, Vernon, BC V1T 6M3 PO Box 78530 University PO, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 12138 Fourth Avenue Richmond, B.C. V7E 3J1 Old Cemeteries Society of Victoria Hope Museum Gulf Islands Branch BCHF Box 5004, #15-1594 Fairfield Rd, Victoria BC V8S 5L8 PO Box 26, Hope BC V0X 1L0 c/o S-22, C-11, RR # 1, Galiano