VELICHALA VILLAGE (RAMADUGU MANDAL, DISTRICT)

A STUDY USING PRA TECHNIQUES

GROUP-20

SATYAPRAKASH SINGH VIJAY SINGH BHAGYASHRI NAVATAKE PRIYANKA NASHINE SUNAND JHODIA

KARIMNAGAR-DISTRICT PROFILE

 Karimnagar is situated on the bank of manair river(tributary of Godavari river).  Area :-2182 sq.km  Population :-10,05,711.  Literacy:-69.16 %  Density :- 423 persons per sq. km  Known for granite quarries.  Once highly naxal affected but now today almost a naxal free area.

VELICHALA-A BRIEF PROFILE

Geography:- Demography:- • Total population is 4513 (Males are 2295 and Females  Total area: 3520 Acres are 2218)  Altitude: 293 meters. Above Seal level • Language: Telugu, Urdu, Hindi  Climate: Monsoonal • Predominantly consists of  Plain Area except few small hills BC followed by SC & STs • Muslim population -4% Red & Black Soil

 Vegetation: moist deciduous, dry • Velichala GP consists of deciduous and tropical thorn type Velichala Village and 2 hamlets- Kishtaraopally and Guddelugulapally

Velichala – Transect Walk  Kishtaraopally Hamlet- Soil- Red and Sandy Loam Vegetation: Dry deciduous (Neem, Peepal, Karanj) Habitation: Mix of Pucca and mud wall houses, Poultry farms, Paddy Procurement Centre Road- Cemented Concrete road, metalled road & Kutcha road Agriculture- Cotton, Paddy, Maize, Red Gram etc. Problems: Inadequate irrigation facility, Scarcity of drinking water, Marginal Land holding, disproportionately high instances of C- Section surgery, Large scale unemployment.

Main Settlement: Soil- Red and Sandy Loam Vegetation: Dry deciduous (Neem, Peepal, Karanj) Habitation: Mix of Pucca and mud wall houses, School, Temple, Water tank, Community halls, Bore wells, Fair price shops, Meeseva Centre, RMP, PHC sub Centre, VO Centre, Ro Plant, Temporary Bus shelter, Cotton Ginning Mill Road- Cemented Concrete road, metalled road & Kutcha road Agriculture- Cotton, Paddy, Maize, Red Gram etc. Problems: Inadequate irrigation facility, Scarcity of drinking water, Marginal Land holding, disproportionately high instances of C- Section surgery, Large scale unemployment.

 Guddelugulapally Hamlet(Predominantly SC): Soil- Red and Sandy Loam Vegetation: Dry deciduous (Neem, Peepal, Karanj) Habitation: Mix of Pucca and mud wall houses, School, Temple, Water tank, Bore wells, Fair price shops, Anganwadi Centre Road- Cemented Concrete road, metalled road & Kutcha road Agriculture- Cotton, Paddy, Maize, Red Gram etc. Problems: Inadequate irrigation facility, Scarcity of drinking water, Marginal Land holding, disproportionately high instances of C- Section surgery, Large scale unemployment.

Timeline Year Significant Event Pre- Velichal is a pre independence settlement, oldest settlement is pre-Mughals time. 1947: 1950: Electricity reached the village 1952: First Government job to Sh.S.Mallesham 1953: First metalled road paved in village 1955: Village get its First radio set 1957: First primary school of the Hamlet 1958: Post office started its service 1962: First cement with RCC constructed 1965: Upper school for the Hamlet started 1969: First initial bore well were dug up in the village 1970: A year of many First, 1st Two wheeler was bought, 1st RMP started the services, Road construction started in the village. 1980: Gram Panchayat started functioning from its own building 1985: High School for the village is started. 1988: Village saw it first Audio-Visual mode of entertainment, the Era of Television began

1989: Anganwadi started functioning in the Village.it took leap to serve the various sections of the people. 1990: Village witnessed the installation of 1st wired Telephone and also sustainable for of energy i.e. 1st Gobar gas plant started functioning.

1992: First Private school started functioning 1993: First Self Help Group(SHG) by name Hanuman started in the village

1995: Rural Health infrastructure started taking the shape with the opening of First Primary Health Sub centre 1997: Village started receiving supply from Piped supply 2005: MeeSewa started functioning 2008: Banking in the form of Banking correspondent and Bank Mitra provided their services

2009: Cotton Ginning mill started functioning. 2014: 3 more water tanks constructed for better piped water supply

2015: RO plant installed in the village 2016: New Gram Panchayat Bhawan constructed with all modern amenities such as meeting halls, CCTVs, separate offices for various functionaries .Declared ODF village.

2017: Complete village covered with CCTV coverage and monitoring centre started at Gram Panchayat Bhawan

Social Mapping Social Mapping

 Social Groups: Forward castes: Reddy’s( 3 families only) Backward castes: Kummari, Mangali, Padmasali, Kurma, Gouda, Goldsmith, Dhobi, Kapu, Tenegu. Scheduled castes: Malas and Madigas Scheduled Tribes: Arukali (3 families)

 Religion: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity.  Findings : Backward castes –Main owner of agricultural lands SC’s/ST’S own few- MGNREGA, agriculture labour

Social Mapping OBSERVATIONS

 People of both BC and SC communities are engaged predominantly in agriculture and allied activities.  Majority of the farmers own marginal land holdings  Instances of landlessness is high in ST & SC communities. ST’s earn their livelihood hunting birds.  There is no manifest social discrimination or prejudices observed in the village.  Women empowerment being taken through 90 SHGs  People’s participation was high in Govt. interventions.  Soak pits and proper solid and liquid waste management. RESOURCE MAPPING RESOURCE MAPPING

VENN/CHAPATI DIAGRAM

Bank Mitra Primary and Secondary school Panchayat Village Organis ation

PHC People S.C RO Plant

Police Ginning Anganwadi mill

PDS Milk collection

MeeSewa

Figure: Chapati diagram (representing importance & social distance of institutions from the people) MATRIX SCORING CHART SEASONALITY ANALYSIS ISSUES IDENTIFIED AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Water issues :- Water conservation, responsible usage of Bore wells & installation of taps • Provision for Clean drinking water through Mini water treatment plant

Agriculture issues :- Crop diversification, micro irrigation techniques like drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, rain water harvesting, e-NAM, proper use of fertilisers,insurance benefits.

Social issues :-Awareness of Govt. Schemes , Land Tenancy Reforms Educational issues:- • Introduction of English medium in govt. Schools • Day boarding –food and lodging for children during day.

Health issues • Optimum utilisation of Govt. health facilities. • Appointment of permanent doctor in sub centre.

Economic issues:- • Skill development, promotion of small Scale industries • Setting up of formal banking institutions. Personality Factor

• Success of any scheme depends on implementation-local leadership is important • Sarpanch of the Village was highly efficient; man of integrity, vision & Foresight ; welfare oriented and motivates people of the region for the same

Sarpanch SH.Veerla Narsingrao Initiatives by the sarpanch  Gram-panchayat Bhawan –all the modern amenities.  CCTV coverage of Village.  Liquid and solid waste management.  In Ganesh Utsava all 300 idols were made of mud-first village of the country.  New vision of making the village plastic-free  SHG based garbage collection Social Audit of MGNREGA  Conducted on 7th of Nov at Gangadhar Mandal.  Following are the common works taken under the scheme: 1. Magic soak pit 2. Compost pit 3. Farm pond 4. Formation of the road to agriculture field 5. Goat shelter 6. Desilting of existing feeder channel 7. Comprehensive restoration of minor irrigation tank 8. Digging of dumping yards, fish breeding ponds Financial irregularities

1. Fraudulent muster rolls 2. Misuse of material after purchase 3. Purchase of sub-standard material 4. Bogus works and false pay orders 5. Improper generation of pay slips and wages 6. Excess measurements 7. Multiple claim on old works 8. Collection of money to issue job cards 9. Wrong selection of work 10. Illegal gratification

Visit to AIDS and Palliative care center “Prashantha Bhawan”  Run by NGO since 2006. Zero funds from government.  38 HIV affected children. Nutritious food and Education till 10th std.  Palliative care for AIDS and Cancer patients are taken-10 bed capacity.  4-5 districts of the surrounding area use this facility. Main center Guntur.  ISSUES: 1)Need extra funds 2)Scarcity of staff