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Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database

Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature

Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa

Jahr/Year: 2018

Band/Volume: 31_1_2

Autor(en)/Author(s): Martinez-Silvestre Albert, Borras Daniel, Carretero Miguel A.

Artikel/Article: Cephalic respiratory hamartoma in carbonelli PEREZ MELLADO, 1981: A case report 116-119 All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 02.09.2018 12:01 Seite 34

116 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (1/2) Wien, 30. August 2018 SHORT NOTE

(Natal Sharks Board), pp. 57. COmPAgNO , L. J. V. & functions of the organ they develop in. In EBERT , D. A. & S mALE , m. J . (1989): guide to the mammals, the most common hamartomas sharks and rays of Southern Africa. Cape Town (Struik), pp. 160. D’A uBREy , J. D. (1964): Preliminary occur in the respiratory tract, mainly lungs guide to the sharks found off the east coast of South and nasal cavity ( TERRIES et al. 1993). They Africa.- Investigational Report / South African As- usually arise from connective tissue and are sociation for marine Biological Research, Oceano- formed of cartilage, fat and connective tis - graphic Research Institute, Durban; 8: 1-95. HEITHAuS , m. R. & F RID , A. & D ILL , L. m. (2002): Shark-inflict - sue cells, although they may include many ed injury frequencies, escape ability, and use of other cell types. In contrast, reports of green and loggerhead turtles.- marine Biology, Berlin; hamartomas in non-mammalian vertebrates 140: 229-236. HugHES , g. R. 1989: Sea turtles: A are extremely rare (i.e., birds, STEINBERg guide. Pietermaritzburg (Natal Parks Board), pp. 24. LOWRy , D. & DE CASTRO , A. L. F. & m ARA , K. & 2006), but this likely results from lack of WHITENACK , L. B. & D ELIuS , B. & B uRgESS , g. H. & research rather than real absence. Below mOTTA , P. (2009): Determining shark size from foren - the authors report a case of hamartoma in a sic analysis of bite damage.- marine Biology, Berlin; . 156: 2483-2492. mOTTA , P. J. (2004): Prey capture behavior and feeding mechanics of elasmobranchs: pp. During systematic herpetologcal sam - 165-202. In: CARRIER J. C. & m uSICK J. A. & pling conducted near Torreira, a coastal lo- HEITHAuS , m. R. (Eds.): Biology of sharks and their cality in northwestern Portugal (40.763696° relatives. Boca Raton (CRC Press). RADA , D. P. & N, 8.710090° E), a specimen of Podarcis BuRgESS , g. H. & R OSA , R. S. & g ADIg , O. B. g. (2015) : Necrophagy of a nurse shark ( Ginglymostoma carbonelli PEREZ mELLADO , 1981 , a lacertid cirratum ) by tiger sharks ( Galeocerdo cuvier ).- endemic to the western Iberian universitas Scientiarum, Bogotá; 20 (3): 313-320. Peninsula ( Sá-S OuSA et al. 2009), was col - WALLET , T. (1983): Shark attack in southern African lected from an area of sand on 18 waters and treatment of victims. Cape Town (Struik), pp. 184. WITZELL , W. N. (1987): Selective predation February, 2002. The specimen, an adult on large cheloniid sea turtles by tiger sharks male, measured 48.78 mm snout-vent length (Galeocerdo cuvier ).- Japanese Journal of Herpetology, (SVL) and weighed 2.85 g. According to Tokyo; 12 (1): 22-29 . these measurements and to the phenology of KEy WORDS: Reptilia: Testudines: Cheloni- the species in the area ( CARRETERO et al. idae; Chelonia mydas , shark predation, ecology, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 2006) this appeared sexually mature and ready to participate in the breeding sea - SuBmITTED: February 16, 2018 son with at least 18 months of age. AuTHOR: Jens REISSIg < jens@ultimatecreatures. com >, P.O. Box 62, Kelvin, 2054. gauteng, South The individual presented an unusual Africa. external protuberance on the prefrontal area of the pileus (Fig. 1), whose nature recom - mended further histological analysis. Be- sides this teratology described below, the specimen was otherwise normal in terms of Cephalic respiratory hamartoma shape and coloration while the gonads and in Podarcis carbonelli PEREZ other internal organs were well developed (CARRETERO et al. 2006). No other mELLADO , 1981: A case report with abnormalities were recorded in this population despite more than 300 individu - A hamartoma is a rare benign, focal als collected in this locality between 2001 malformation reported in mammals (includ - and 2005. ing humans) and other vertebrates. It can The specimen was taken to the lab and develop in all parts of the body and is clas - euthanized by intraperitoneal injection of sically defined as an aggregation of cells or 0.7 % mS222 (tricaine methanesulfonate) tissues, which are normal for the given ana- followed by another injection of 50 % tomical site but abnormal in amount, ratio mS222 as already described ( CONROy et al. or distribution ( WILLIS 1968). Different 2009). An excisional biopsy of the nasal from malignant tumors, hamartomas grow area was immersed in 10 % neutral buffered at the same rate as the surrounding tissues. formalin and sent to the Veterinary Anato- most cases are asymptomatic and remain mical Pathology unit, Echevarne Labora to- undetected but others may be evident exter - ries (Barcelona), where samples of the mass nally and even physically interfere with the were embedded in paraffin, sectioned at All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 02.09.2018 12:01 Seite 35

SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (1/2) Wien, 30. August 2018 SHORT NOTE 117

Fig. 1: Lateral (top) and dorsal (bottom) view Fig. 2. Histological views of the hamartoma. of the adult male Podarcis carbonelli Length of horizontal scale bars represents 100 μm. PEREZ mELLADO , 1981 , from near Torreira, A - Several tissues such as glandular epithelium (1), northwestern Portugal. respiratory epithelium (2), keratinizing stratified Note the protuberance emerging from the left epithelium (3), bone (4), cartilage (5) and prefrontal area of the pileus which was connective tissue (6) can be observed. determined to be a hamartoma after B - detail of the glandular epithelium (1), histological examination. cartilage cells (2) and connective tissue (3).

3 µm, and stained with hematoxylin and luminal cavity and appeared in continuity eosin. with the keratinizing stratified epithelium in The histological examination revealed a progressive transition. The entire struc - that the protruding structure was composed ture appeared covered by skin tissue with a of multiple tissue types appearing in a dis - slightly acanthotic epidermis and a thin der - organized manner. The tissues comprised mis. In accordance with the histological glandular epithelium, ciliated respiratory description, the lesion was identified as a epithelium rich in mucous cells, keratin- hamartoma. izing stratified epithelium, bone, cartilage After the histological analysis, the and connective tissue (Fig. 2), including presence of the three types of germinal tis - arteriolar, capillary and venous vascular sue (endodermal, mesodermal and ectoder - structures and nerve fibres. In addition, mal) allows for ascribing the structure to a multifocal melanocytes were present, espe - teratoma. These tissues commonly origi - cially at the base of glandular structures in nate from germinal, pluripotent cells, ter - apposition with the lamina propria . All tis - atomas being frequent in reproductive (tes - sues appeared well differentiated. Respira- ticular or ovarian) tissues. For instance, tory type epithelium was organized around a ovarian teratomas have been described for All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 02.09.2018 12:01 Seite 36

118 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (1/2) Wien, 30. August 2018 SHORT NOTE

the turtles Trachemys scripta (THuNBERg in ACKNOWLEDgmENTS: Thanks are due to SCHOEPFF , 1792) ( NEWmAN et al. 2003; D. Barbosa for field assistance. The sampling was sup - ported by the project POCTI/BSE/45664/2002 of HIDALgO -V ILA et al. 2006) and Testudo her - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portu- manni gmELIN , 1789 (mARTORELL et al. 2009). gal. miguel A. Carretero was supported by project In lizards, there are similar reports for Aspi - NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000007. Collecting and doscelis uniparens (WRIgHT & L OWE , 1965) sampling permits (POA – 1.1/00021) were provided by the Instituto de Consevação da Natureza (ICN, Portu- (TOCIDLOWSKI et al. 2001) and Brachylo- gal). phus fasciatus (B RONgNIART , 1800) (WEN - REFERENCES: CARRETERO , m. A. & R IBEIRO , gER et al. 2010). However, in the present R. & B ARBOSA , D. & S á-S OuSA , P. & H ARRIS , D. J . case, the abnormal cell development corre - (2006): Spermatogenesis in two Iberian Podarcis sponds to specialized tissues, which are spa - lizards: Relationships with male traits.- Bio- tially disorganized but mature and specific logy, Leiden; 56: 1-12. CONROy , C. J. & P APENFuSS , T. J. & P ARKER , J. & H AHN , N. E. (2009): use of Tricaine for the anatomical area they are found. methanesulfonate (mS222) for euthanasia of .- Because of this, the abnormality is classi - Journal of the American Association for Laboratory fied as a hamartoma. Remarkably, there is Animal Science, memphis; 48: 28-32. DEEmINg , D. C. proliferation of supporting (cartilage, endo - & F ERguSON , m. W. J. (2011): Physiological effects of incubation temperature on embryonic development in dermal), respiratory (mesodermal) and cuta - reptiles and birds; pp. 147-171. In: DEEm , S. L. & neous (ectodermal) tissue in an abnormal FERguSON , m. W. J. (Eds.): Egg incubation: its effects and disorganized manner surrounding a cys - on embryonic development in birds and reptiles . tic structure. To the authors’ knowledge, Cambridge (Cambridge university Press) . FRyE , F. L. (1991): Biomedical and surgical aspects of captive rep - this is the first report of hamartoma in the tile husbandry. malabar (Krieger Publishing), pp. 637. reptile pathology. HERNANDEZ -D IVERS , S. J. & g ARNER , m. (2003): Neo- Certainly, other cephalic proliferations plasia on reptiles with an emphasis on lizards.- Veteri- occur in reptiles, such as normal cutaneous nary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, Philadelphia; 6: 251-273. HIDALgO -V ILA , J. & m ARTí - RyE horns and pseudohorns ( F 1991), calci - NEZ -S ILVESTRE , A. & D IAZ -P ANIAguA , C. (2006): nosis cutis ( HERNANDEZ -D IVERS & g ARNER Benign ovarian teratoma in a red eared slider ( Trach - 2003), as well as teratologies related with emys scripta elegans ).- Veterinary Record, London; incubation conditions ( mARTíNEZ -S ILVESTRE 159: 122-123. HuCHZERmEyER , F. W. & C OOPER , J. E. (2000): Fibricess, not abscess, resulting from a local - & F RyE 2002), cutaneous or osseous neo - ized inflammatory response to infection in reptiles and plasms ( DEEmINg & F ERguSON 2011] and birds.- Veterinary Record, London; 147: 515-517. fibricesses ( HuCHZERmEyER & C OOPER mARTíNEZ -S ILVESTRE A. & F RyE F. L. (2002): A case of 2000), all of them substantially differing calcinosis cutis and pseudocutaneous horn in a captive red-eared slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans ).- Boletín from hamartomas in histological morpholo - de la Asociación Herpetológica Española, madrid; 13: gy and dynamics. 45-48. mARTORELL , J. & S OTO , S. & B ARRERA , S. & As in many other cases of hamartoma, RAmIS , A. (2009): Ovarian teratoma in a mediterranean the causes for that lesion in a particular wild tortoise.- Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian, Davis; 231: 193-196. individual are unknown. The area of collec - NEWmAN , S. J. & B ROWN , C. & P ATNAIK , A. K. (2003): tion of the lizard is included within a natural malignant ovarian teratoma in a red eared slider park harboring well conserved (Trachemys scripta elegans ).- Journal of Veterinary devoid of obvious sources of environmental Diagnostic Investigation, Los Angeles; 15: 77-81. Sá- SOuSA , P. & P éREZ -m ELLADO , V. & m ARTíNEZ -S OLANO , disturbance. Also, genetic causes (i.e., in- I. (2009): Podarcis carbonelli . The IuCN Red List of breeding, hybridization) are to be discarded Threatened Species 2009: e.T61545A12512496. because of the large population size and WWW document available at < http://dx.doi.org/10. lack of barriers to gene flow and absence of 2305/IuCN.uK.2009.RLTS.T61545A12512496.en > [last accessed: may 20, 2018]. STEINBERg , H. & P ARé , syntopic Podarcis species to hybridize with J. A. & P AuL -m uRPHy , J. (2006): A Dermal vascular (CARRETERO et al. 2006). As no other hamartoma in a Sun Conure ( Aratinga solstitialis ).- abnormal specimens were recorded in the Journal of Avian medicine and Surgery, Teaneck; 20: area, despite sampling of numerous lizards, 161-166. TERRIES , m. H. & B ILLmAN , g. F. & P ANSKy , S. m. (1993): Nasal hamartoma: case report and review the presence of the lesion has to be consid - of the literature.- International Journal of Pediatric ered an isolated case within this specific Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam; 28: 83-88. TOCID - lizard population. Overall, the present find - LOWSKI , m. E. & m ERRILL , C. L. & L OOmIS , m. R. & ing suggests to consider hamartomas in the WRIgHT , J. F. (2001): Teratoma in desert grassland whiptail lizards ( Cnemidophorus uniparens ).- Journal differential diagnostics of anomalies in rep - of Zoo and Wildlife medicine, yulee; 32: 257-259. tiles. WENgER , S. & S ImOVA -C uRD , S. & g REST , P. & S TEIN - All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 02.09.2018 12:01 Seite 37

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mETZ , H. W. & H ATT , J. m. (2010): Ovarian teratoma in records or even new species remained under a Fiji Island Banded Iguana ( Brachylophus fasciatus ) permanent review or unnamed until clarifi - and a green Iguana ( Iguana iguana ).- Journal of Herpetological medicine and Surgery, Chester; 20, 20- cation of their taxonomic status ( ALmENDA- 23. WILLIS , R, A. (1968): Some unusual developmen - RIZ et al. 2014). The present note docu - tal heterotopias.- British medical Journal, London; 3: ments the first record of Pristimantis rufi - 267-272. oculis (DuELL mAN & P RAmuK , 1999) from KEy WORDS: Reptilia: : Sauria: Ecuador. : Podarcis carbonelli ; veterinary medicine, hamartoma, teratology, pathology, diagnosis; Portugal A male specimen of P. rufioculis was SuBmITTED: February 15, 2018 collected on may 21, 2017, at the locality Campanilla (04°03’27” S, 78°47’31” W; AuTHORS: Albert mARTINEZ -S ILVESTRE 1) , Daniel BORRAS 2) , miguel A. CARRETERO (Correspond- 1,747 m a.s.l.), San Carlos, Province of ing author, < [email protected] >) 3) Zamora Chinchipe, on the eastern Andean 1) Catalonian Reptile and Amphibian Rescue slopes (Fig. 1) and housed at the museo de Center (CRARC), 08783 masquefa, Barcelona, Spain Anfibios y Reptiles, Fundación Herpetoló - 2) Veterinary Anatomical Pathology unit. gica gustavo Orcés, Quito, Ecuador (FHgO Echevarne Laboratories, C/ Provença 312, 08037 Barcelona, Spain 12582). The new locality is the third known 3) CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and for the species, and represents an extension genetic Resources, InBIO, universidade do Porto, of its known geographic range by ca. 75 km Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Nº 7. SSW from the nearest reported locality. It is 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal an adult male of 18.3 mm SVL identified as P. rufioculis by having the following char - acters as described by DuELLmAN & P RA- muK (1999): “(1) skin of dorsum smooth, First record of Pristimantis that on venter areolate, discoidal fold pres - rufioculis (DuELLmAN & P RAmuK , ent, dorsolateral folds absent; (2) tympanic membrane smooth, tympanic annulus visi - 1999), from Ecuador ble beneath skin, its length 30 % length of eye; (3) snout moderately long, rounded in The genus Pristimantis JIméNEZ DE LA dor sal view and in profile; (4) upper eyelid ESPADA , 1870, is the most diverse clade of lacking tubercles, narrower than interorbital Neotropical, direct-developing frogs con - distance; cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine taining about 6.7 % of the 7778 described odontophores elongately ovoid; (6) male species of amphibians of the world ( FROST lacking vocal slits and nuptial pads; (7) Finger 2017). Ecuador is home to 201 species of I shorter than II; discs on outer fingers this genus, 112 of which are endemic to the expanded; (8) fingers lacking lateral fringes; country ( RON et al. 2017). Nonetheless, the (9) ulnar tubercles absent; (10) heel and tar - knowledge on Ecuadorian Pristimantis spe- sus lacking tubercles; (11) inner metatarsal cies is still limited, with several species un - tubercle oval, three times the size of the described, unreported, or little known within outer metatarsal tubercle; supernumerary many explored and unexplored areas ( ORTE - plantar tubercles minute; (12) toes bearing gA -A NDRADE 2010; O RTEgA -A NDRADE et al. narrow lateral fringes; webbing absent; Toe 2015; BRITO et al. 2017a). For example, the V longer than III; (13) dorsum tan; venter southeastern Amazon, Andean slopes and cream suffused with brown; throat brown the Cordillera del Condor have extensively with cream flecks.” been studied in the last ten years ( ALmEN - The coloration in life was similar to DARIZ et al. 2014; VALENCIA et al. 2017), and the pattern of males described by DuELL- 16 new anuran species were discovered, mAN & L EHR (2009): “…the dorsum is olive eleven of which correspond to Pristimantis with a grayish white snout and tan elbows species (e.g., CISNEROS -H EREDIA & m ORA- and heels. The groin and anterior surfaces LES 2008; C IS NEROS -H EREDIA et al. 2009; of the thighs are mottled yellow and dull TERáN -V áLDEZ & g uAyASAmíN 2010; J uNg- red, and venter is yellow with brown mot - FER 2011; A LmENDARIZ et al. 2012, 2014; tling. The iris is red…” Some minor varia - BRITO et al. 2014, 2016, 2017 a, 2017b). How- tion was observed on the Ecuadorian speci - ever, several of these new geographical men: (1) pale brown blotch on dorsum;