Working in a Foreign Language

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Working in a Foreign Language Master in Learning and Communication in Multilingual and Multicultural Contexts WORKING IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: Case study of employees’ perceptions in a Luxembourg-based multinational company using English as a lingua franca Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ingrid de Saint-Georges Master Thesis submitted by: Yelena Radley Luxembourg June 2016 Abstracts With the globalisation of business and diversification of the workforce, an increasing number of companies implement a corporate language policy based on the use of a lingua franca, often English. Thus more and more people face the challenges of simultaneous socialisation into a new corporate and linguistic environment, and of re-inventing themselves as competent articulate professionals through the medium of a foreign language. While a number of studies have concentrated on the management angle of corporate communication, fewer seem to focus on the language-related experiences of the employees in a multinational company. Adopting a sociolinguistic approach, this study seeks to explore the implications of working in a foreign language through the perceptions of a sample of employees at a multinational IT company based in Luxembourg and using English as a lingua franca. The qualitative content analysis of the data obtained in the course of 6 semi-structured interviews provides insights into the ways the employees construct and negotiate their daily linguistic reality. The study examines their attitudes to working in a foreign language (English as a lingua franca or other language) and outlines the perceived benefits, challenges and coping strategies. Special attention is paid to discourses linking language to power and professionalism. The adaptation to professional functioning in a foreign language is presented as a continuum, tracing the journey from overcoming initial challenges to achieving ‘linguistic well-being’. While this trajectory is hard to generalise due to the variety of contributing factors, it is argued here that this type of person-centred bottom-up research is essential for understanding the reality of a modern multilingual workplace, and for raising individual and corporate awareness of the implications of working in a foreign language. *** i *** La mondialisation du milieu des affaires et la diversification ethnolinguistique des employés amènent les entreprises à adopter une langue véhiculaire du fonctionnement professionnel, souvent l’anglais. Ainsi, un nombre croissant d’employés doit faire face aux défis que présente l’adaptation simultanée à deux environnements - celui de l’entreprise et celui de la langue de travail. En même temps, ces employés ont besoin de se réinventer en tant que professionnels compétents par l’intermédiaire d’une langue étrangère. Bien qu’un certain nombre d’études se soient focalisées sur la communication au sein d’une entreprise du point de vue de la gestion, moins d’entre elles se sont penchées sur les expériences linguistiques des employés dans une entreprise multinationale. En adoptant une approche sociolinguistique, la présente étude cherche à explorer les implications du fonctionnement professionnel dans une langue étrangère à travers les perceptions des employés d’une société informatique multinationale établie au Luxembourg et utilisant l’anglais comme lingua franca. L’analyse qualitative du contenu des données obtenues au cours de 6 entretiens semi- structurés donne un aperçu de la manière dont les employés construisent leur réalité linguistique au quotidien. L’étude examine leurs attitudes envers la langue étrangère de travail (l’anglais ou autre langue) et en décrit les avantages, les défis et les stratégies d’adaptation. Une attention particulière est accordée aux discours reliant la langue au pouvoir et à la perception du professionnalisme. L’adaptation au fonctionnement professionnel dans une langue étrangère est présentée en tant que continuum, retraçant le trajet entre les difficultés initiales et la «santé linguistique». Bien que cette trajectoire soit difficile à généraliser en raison de la diversité des circonstances individuelles, il est soutenu ici que ce type de recherche focalisant sur les perspectives individuelles aide à comprendre la réalité d’une entreprise multinationale d’aujourd’hui, et à sensibiliser le public (employées ainsi que gestionnaires) aux implications du fonctionnement professionnel dans une langue étrangère. *** ii *** В условиях глобализации бизнеса и многоязычия сотрудников многие компании устанавливают язык корпоративной коммуникации, или «лингва франка»; часто в этой роли выступает английский язык. Таким образом, растущее число людей сталкиваeтся с проблемами одновременной социализации в новой корпоративной и языковой среде. В какой-то мере коммуниканты заново создают и себя, и свою профессиональную репутацию через посредство иностранного языка. В то время как ряд научных работ касался вопросов межнациональной корпоративной коммуникации на уровне компании, конкретный опыт языковой адаптации сотрудников в многонациональной корпоративной среде пока остается на периферии. Автор диссертации берет за основу социолингвистический подход и ставит своей целью исследовать, что же в реальности означает для людей профессиональная деятельность на иностранном языке, в данном случае, через восприятие группы сотрудников многонациональной информационно- технологической компании, базирующейся в Люксембурге и использующей английский язык как «лингва франка». Материал для анализа был получен в ходе 6 интервью с сотрудниками компании. В исследовании рассматривается их отношение к работе на иностранном языке (английском или другом иностранном языке) и анализируются связанные с этим преимущества, трудности и механизмы их преодоления. Особое внимание уделяется дискурсам, связывающим язык с концептами влияния и профессионализма. Процесс адаптации к профессиональной деятельности на иностранном языке представлен тематически в виде континуума, прослеживающего путь от преодоления первоначальных трудностей до достижения «языкового комфорта». Несмотря на то, что эта траектория зависит от множества факторов и потому не подлежит обобщению, автором утверждается, что личностно- ориентированные исследования, изучающие опыт коммуникантов, имеют важное значение для понимания реальности современного многоязычного делового социума, что имеет ценность как с индивидуальной, так и с корпоративной точки зрения. *** iii Acknowledgements As a mature student and a professional language teacher, I very much appreciated the opportunity to go back to academic studies, to face the challenges and enjoy the satisfaction of doing sociolinguistic research. I would like to thank all the organisers, lecturers and participants of the Master in Learning and Communication in Multilingual and Multicultural Contexts at the University of Luxembourg for creating together a stimulating real-life laboratory where we have been able to learn as much from each other as from the theory. This Thesis is a result of hard work, and it would not have been possible without the support of many people. Above all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Ingrid de Saint Georges, who patiently and enthusiastically accompanied me on this journey, encouraging me to be an independent thinker and a meticulous researcher, and, most importantly, to keep my research interesting and human. I would also like to thank my friend and fellow student Joanna for her unfailing support and valuable comments on my thesis. Furthermore, my thanks go to my friends Irina and Alexander, who helped me get access to a rich and stimulating research environment. I am very grateful to all the participants in the present study for sharing their insights during the interviews. Last but not least, I am grateful to my loved ones - Matthew, Mark and Emilia - for supporting me throughout the entire process. iv Table of Contents Abstracts ................................................................................................................................................ i Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. iv Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................. v List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ vii List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................ vii 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Literature Review and Theoretical Framework ................................................................................. 4 2.1. Multilingualism in the workplace ............................................................................................... 5 2.2. Key concepts .............................................................................................................................. 9 a) Language: conceptualising language in the workplace ....................................................... 10 b) Language policy and language management ...................................................................... 14 c) Corporate language policy: importance of combining different approaches ...................... 16 d) Lingua franca as
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