CHAPTER

LOCAL MARATHI iN NASIK

A. OTHER NEWSPAPERS IN NASIK p.67

B.LOCAL NEWSPAPERS BEFORE INDEPENDENCE .71

C. LOCAL NEWSPAPERS AFTER INDEPENDENCE p.74 LOCAL MARATHI NEWSPAPERS IN NASIK

In Nasik district, Nasik Vrita was the first started by Trimbak Han Kale in 1869 It used to publish on every Saturday Political & social news used to publish in it Readers puzzles were the mam feature of this news paper Nasik Samachar was the second news paper after Nasik Vrita It v^as launched by Han vishnu Sahastn Budhe in 1875 It was closed down in 1878 Hindu Mitra (1876), Lokseva were other news papers Newspapers from , inspired the journalist in Nasik to start news papers Fieedom struggle also gave the inspiration Many of the news papers at that time were running for social & political purpose National leaders like , Pandit Nehru, Lokmanya Tilak were the ideal of the news papers in Nasik Some newspapers were started for social awareness also 1* In 18th century, some journalist & social leaders starteo news papers in this distnct Ayrapjch (1887) from Nasik, Raghav Bhushan (1888) from Yewala, Nasik Vaibhav (1897) Yewla Vaibhav (1898), Satyamitra (1902) from Malegaon started m 18th century In Nasik Vaibhav great freedom fighter Vmayak Sawarkar wrote about Hindu culture which was published on editorial in two pa'"ts Lokseva started on 7th January 1897 form Nasik Vir Sawarkar also used to write in 't The strange thing about this news paper was that, it published a nevvs & Editional on Ganesh Shastn assuming he is no more For this senous mistake, editor Barve regreated The weekly Swatantrya of a political pai-fy started in Nasik in September 1922 Balknshna Janardan Marathe was the editor was the renewed weekly news paper in Nasik that time It was declared that loksatta will launch in January 1921 but the first issue was published on 25th December 1920 Vishnu Ganesh Kelkar, was the editor & founder Lokmanya Tilak was the ideal of Kelkar It was closely retated with Kesan news paper Loksatta was lasted till 1959 Due to economic cnsis this news paper closed down Dunng the tenure, this newspaper inspired the freedom fighter like Kesan rLele,R K History of Marathi Newspapers,Contnetal Pub ,Pune,1984,p 617

65 Nasik have great history and traditions. After mumbai, Pune, & . Nasik is the fastest growing industrial region in the state. Population of the nasik city is about twelve laks. In nasik, there are two MIDC i.e. Satpur and Ambad. Dindori, Igatpuri and sinnar have also MIDC, Nasik is not only industrial town but is important religious place in the country also. Nasik is sited on nine peaks so it is called nasik. Lakhamana, brother of Lord Rama, is said to have cut off the nose (nasik) of Shurpanakaha, hence it is called nasik. After every 12 years, Kumbha Mela helds regulary, which has great importance in the country. In this district , there are important religious places like Trimbakeshwar, Saptashring garh (vani) , Panchavati where Shri Ram came for vanvas, Kalaram Temple etc. Godavari river which is supposed to be the another Ganga, origins at Trimbakeshwar, have enriched the district in every way. Nasik districk is famous for (rated number one ) grape crops, which is largely exported in Europe, Asia & Amehca continental. People through all over the country come to nasik for religious & job purposes. So, the importance of this city is increasing day by day. 1* Cosidering all these factors, print as well as electronic media have concentred on this city. Huge population & religious place are the reasons behind this. There are local as well as regional newpapers publishing from this city. It includes dailies, weeklies, monthly, evening daily etc. The competition among them is cut throat. Survival is the main question. Every day, each newspaper introducing new schemes for expansion. The result is increase in readership. Those, who fails, are thrown out of the competition.To extend and increase the business & readership, some -regional & local newspapers are indulging in malpractices. These news papers have acquired modern machinery, good 'capital, skilled men.

Local newspapers like has tied up with Weekly Chitralekha. 1*Marathi Vishwakosh volume 8,1979, p.572.

66 :, Like regional newpapers, local newspapers Gavkari, Deshdoot, '""' 'RamBhoomi, Apia have started it's publications from , '^.'.;;"tv[andurbur, Dhulia also. , & have already started their ',' branches in these cities. Due to various facilites & excellent services, regional or chain newspapers like sakal & Lokmat has became local one. But for the resarch purposes, the resarch student have differentiated these from local one. The competition between local & regional has become very sharp. How to survive is the main problem before local newspapers Besides local newspapers like Daily Gavkari & Deshdoot, there are local small circulated dailies like Brhamar, Uladhal, Mahanagar. Brhamar is the first evning daily in the distict followed by it deshdoot started 'Matantar' eveing daily which is closed down today. Mahanagar is new evening daily. OTHER NEWSPAPERS IN NASIK Besides sakal & Lokmat ,the other newspapers like Loksatta, , Navakal, Samana, Times of , Indian express, have good demand Besides this Punya Nagari, Sandhyanand are popular in villages. Newspaper and journal have found a very congenial home in Nasik. The newspapers published from nasik district have done the important work of aspiration and grievances. These newpaper have their own readers. So, this is affecting the local newspapers & their marketing policies, r Each newspaper is coming with new scheme with new face, and power which have created problems before local newspapers. So, these news papers forced to make total changes. Price cut, paper size cut, new suppliments, collaboration, heavy investment are the way adopted by local newspapers' management If considered deeply, one can conlude that, readers of regional newspapers are twice than local newspapers in nasik. Due to poor quality material and careless management of local '•newspapers, its' readers are going to the regional newspapers like sakal , loksatta, maharashtra times, lokmat. rOazetteerof Nasik District, 1978,p. 845.

67 Great freedom fighter Swatantryaveer Sawarkar, revolutionary Tatya Tope, great writer V.V. Shirwadkar hails from Nasik District. These and other great people were the inspiration behind starting of newspapers! Nasik. r Jagad Guru Shankara Charya Dr. Kurtakoti started weekly Swadhrma in 1921. Though it was started in Nasik, it used to pnnt at Pune. Loksangrah press accepted the responsibility. The main aim of this weekly was propaganda of Hindu religion. Haribhaou Joshi of Lokshakti, became the editor o^ Swadhrama. His tenure was 1925 to 1929. This news paper shut down in 1929. On 11 June 1928, Weekly Nava was started. Gcvind Ramkrhishna Atre started this news paper decarling that it will work for social, political & religious purposes, but will not be a mouthpiece of any political party. Prof. Patankar, Prof. Sahbis, Prof Altekar were on Editiona! board. The founder Govind Atre launched weekly Chaitanya in 1937 In 1928-29, Gavkari publication started various new papers, suppliments, weeklies. Monthly Amrit & Weekly Rasrang were the examples. Rasrang was started in 1958 & devoted for Arts & sports. It became very popular through out Maharashtra. ' Khshi Sadhan' was devoted for agriculture field. Gavkari started Daily Ajantha from Aurangabad. Today's well known journalist worked with Gavkari. Gavkah is still working today . It started it's edition form Jalgaon, Dhulia, Nadurbar, Nagar. It is the oldest news paper in north Maharashtra. It has created challenge before other news papers in Nasik. Vandan Potnios is now the Chief Editor of Gavkari. After Gavkari, many news papers started in Nasik. Many of them did not continue. But Deshdoot is still working. Weekly Tanaji was launched by npn Bramhin people. In 1929, Vinayak Trimbak Paprty launched weekly

1* Nasik District Census Handbook, 1995, p.59,

68 Rashtrashakti. It was closed down in 1931. During this period, Kohinoor & Patitpawan started. National party started weekly Sawatantrya in September 1922. Balkrishna Janaradan Marathe was the founder editor. In 1932, B.J. Devrukhakar launched weekly Bharat. Today's famous news paper Gavkari started on 1st January 1938. Dattatry Shankar Potnis started it from Malegaon. The price was one paisa per copy. This news paper shifled in Nasik in the year 1939. This weekly converted into daily on the occassion of Dashera in 1947. Mahtma Gandhi & Congress party was the idle of this news paper. It was devoted for Gandhian thoughts. P.V. Gandgil, the famous editor of Lokmanya, was the editior of Gavkari. Industrialist Devkisan Sarda started Daily Deshdoot on 4th September 1971. Shasikant Tembhe, Suresh Avadhoot were the editor. In early stage, Deshdoot was weekly and G.G. Soundankar was the editor. Champala Bafna took charge from Soundankar. Pandit Dharma Patil started weekly Jagruti in 1955. Reporter from Malegaon Govindrao Gorwadkar launched Nagara in 1966. It was weekly. Dr. S.G. Ohal started Partinidhi in 1968. Kohinoor, Ramrajya, Shetkari, Asud, Rashtra Seva, Lokwarta, Nasik Buletin, Lokmat of Prabhakar Tajle, Janseva of Govindrao Deshpande, Vidyarthi Mitra of G.V. Govilkar, were the other news papers. Sudhark, Jantecha Awaz, Panchawati, Vaitag were so many news papers started in Nasik after second world war. Naroshankar was started by Somnath Maniyar. Naroshankar is the largest bell in the temple of Shiva on the bank of Godavari. Jungle Kamgar weekly devoted for the problems of forest worker, which was run by B.G. Mali, Sinnar Samachar form Sinnar, Shivaspurti form Nandgaon, Shekari Bandhu form Manmad, Nagrik form Malegaon, Dhadpad of Y.N. Jadhav were news papers started & closed down after world war II. Malegaon is the muslim dominated city. So, there are more than ten news papers. Today, Gavkari, Deshdoot, Bhramar, Apia Mahanagur, Lokshai Aghadi, Manav are the local daily news paper in Nasik. Besides this, there

69 are weeklies & monthlies also. Regional news papers like Sakal & Lokmat started printing press at Nasik. Loksatta, Punyanagri, Maharashtra Times, Samna, Navakal, Times of India, Indian express etc. are also circulated in Nasik. In 19th century , news papers were mission, today it is profession. There are revolutionary changes in the field of news papers. Nasik is not exception to it. Electronic media have created challenge before local news papers in Nasik. Vedh, Govinda news link, Smachar are the video cable which are specially run for news purpose. Viewership of these cable news network is increasing. So, the major share of advertising goes to these channels. Regional i.e. chain news papers have created challenge before the local news papers in Nasik. Due to reputed news papers like Sakal, Loksatta, Lokmat, local news papers are trying to improve themselves. But efforts are not enough. There are two institutions in Nasik which have started journalism courses. H.P.T. college runs degree course, while Yashwantrao Chavan Open University runs diploma course.

70 Local Newspapers In Nasik ( Before Independence)

Though newspapers are popular today ,news papers & journals have found a very congenial home in nasik since many years. The population of Nasik District in 1998-1999 was 38,37,597. There are fourteen Talukas and six main rivers viz. Godavari, Girana.Darna, Kadwa.Mosam and Kolwan. There are MIDC at Satpur, Ambad, Sinnar,Malegao,Peth and Dindori.There are two parliament and 14 assemoely seats in the district. 1* The newspapers published from the district have done the important work of inducing the peopoie & put before the government grivances of the local people. The daily Gavkari published from nasik under the editorship of Dadashaeb Potnis commands a good readership not only in the district but also in Dhulia, Jalgon & Aurangabad district This Marathi daily js published from Nasik as well as from Manmad. Besides Gavkari, there were two triweeklies publised from Nasik. And three triweeklies from malegaon namely Nagreek, Jagruti & Deenkar. Malegaon which contains a large muslim population has provided a congenial ground for two Urdu weklies viz. Humsab & Avam Awaj. The Rasrang (weekly) from Nasik is devoted to articles & features on films, sports& intertainment. The Amrit & the Shriyut published from nasik were popular digest magazines commanding readership from western maharashtra & marathwada. Busides this, there are number of journis with topical interest

1* Dastane Santosh, Maharashtra,1998,Dastane Pub., Pune,p 220.

71 such as Aurved Patrica, Homeodoot, Adivasi sudharak & Vanashn, a'l of which were published from nasik The journalism in nasik districk have tradition of one hundred twenty one years "Nasik vnta' is suppossed to be the first newspaper in this districi It started in 1869 & used to publish every Saturday evening Tnmbak Hary Laly was the founder editor G N Ketkar was assitant editor This paper covered the news regarding Justice Ranade's speech in pune A 0 hume's ( founder of national congress ) public meeting, local programmes & phenomenon etc Hary Vishnu Sahastrbudhe started 'Nasik samachar' in 1875 The tradition of advertisement started from this newspaper Few advertisement like 'Vaodya Sudhakar', 'Subhodsur' ,'Namsmarn' published in this newspaper in 1889 "Nasik Vaibav", Gangalahan' & 'Lokseva' were prominent neswspapers before independance Shn Shukracharya Dr Kurtkooti started weekly Swadharma in1921 Govinda Atre started Nava manu on 11 June 1928 Tanaji, Rashtrashakti used to publish Gavkan started first at malegaon Then it shifted at nasik Vishnu Shastn Kelkar started weekly Loksatta in 1880 Later it used to publish twice in a month After assasination of Mahatma Gandhi, it coulo not published for two months It used to publish till 1959 'Nava manu' (weekly) which launched by G R Atre in 1927 worked till 1931 During -muslim crisis, Nava manu olayed important role It fetched attention of government due to it s policy 'Weekly Swadesh' gamed popularity dunng 1947 to 49 Renewed writer Tatysaheb ShinA/adkar became the editor of this weelly after Gopulrao Saundankar Ramakant Relde were also one of the editor Adocate Aatre started weekly Chaitnya in 1937 Today's well established 'Daily Gavakan' started in 1938 It was weekly & Dadasaheb Potnis were the founder In first few years it used to publish from Malegaon During 1942 to 1944 it did not publish This weekly converted in daily ml947 on the occasion of Dashera Renewed journist of 'Lokmanya' P V Gadgil were one of the editor of Gavkan

72 Gavkari Group also statred 'weekly Gavkari', 'weekly Rasrang', Lokmanas', 'krishi Jagat' Amrit, Debu, Sadanand. Digest Amrit gained very much populrarity through out maharashtra. Weekly Rasrang is the first weekly in marathi which was devoted wholly to movies. Today, daily Gavkari is the oldest and one of the leading newspapers in North Maharashtra. Sinior citizens in the district still prefer this news paper though the quality has • came down, demand has been reduced and qualitative newspapers has f been started. Gavkari enjoys goodwill due to which it is getting '.advertisements and circulation.

GREAT HERITAGE OF JOURNALISM is one of the five pilgrimme place in the country. Nashik is called South Kashi. Nashik is industrial and cultural centre of north maharashtra. Journalism in Nasik have great heritage. Renewed Journalists have contributed to the field of local jurnalism. 1* The History of local news papers can be divided in three part i.e. prior independence, post independance & new era of regional news papers , Each stage have it's own imprtance. This district has one hundered twenty one years tradition of newspapers. Since then, this field did good progess. There is revolutionary changes in the local newspapers, it started from stone press & now the journey is on track of colur printing. So , the history of local news papers is wonderful. The regional newspapers have added feathers in it by starting their own editions. They are the real reason behind revolutionary changes in this sector and playing important role in industrial, commercial, social and cultural as well as political field. Local newspapers have given new face to these sectors while regional newspapers have given boost.

1* Marathi Vishvakosh,1970 volume 8,p. 571

73 LOCAL NEWSPAPERS IN NASIK (After Independence)

Last century is the full of revolutionary changes in every field of life. It affected the things from pin to piano and comb to computer. There were tremendous changes in science and industry, trade and commerce. New innovations took place. This increased the standard of life. Newspapers industry is not exception to all these revolutionary changes. Newspapers before independence were service oriented industn/ Now a days it is more business oriented. The reasons are cut throat competition, increase in numbers of readers, increasing profit and political dominance etc. Last 25 years are witness of this. During this period many dailies, weeklies started in Nasik. Many of them closed down. Sarwancha Maharashtra' launched by Popatrao Hire,' Jana Seva' started by G.V.Deshpande ( who was member of Parliment ), closed down within short period. Socialist like Bapu Upadhey, Madhavrao Limye.Vithalrao Patwardhan,Raosaheb Oak launched weekly samata. Socialist leader Somnath Maniyar launched 'Naroshankar'. It wac weekly later converted into evening daily. This newspaper gained popularity. Another evening daily started by 'Deshdoot' under the editorship of Sadashiv Gaidhani wind up the business shortly. Dr.Shankaracharya, Kurtkoti started 'Swadhrma' while D.N. Tilak started monthly 'BalBodhmewa'. Malegaon is leading in case of number of newspapers. There are fifty newspapers in malegaon publishing in various languages. Today,In Nasik, there are other daily newspapers like 'Lokshahi Aghadi, Uladhal, Mahanagar. Sanmarga Mitra,Aurveda Patrika , Nasik Sanchar,Vrita Sanchar.Loksangharsha etc are also some news papers publishing from nasik.

74 '' • Besides this .there is cable news network which includes Govinda, Vedha, In Cable, C News and Samachar. Industrialist Devkisan Sarda launched 'Deshdoot' in 1970, on the auspicious occusion of Ganesh Chaturthi. G.G.Saundankar were the first editor. It should be noted that Founder of 'Sakal' Br. Nanasaheb Parulekar were the chief guest & he inagurated Deshdoot. Today, 'Deshdoot' is leading newspaper. Another Industrialist Vijay Rathi started Rambhoomi in 1983 on the auspicious occasion of Dashera. Sadashiv Dixit, & later Madhukar Buwa were editors. Till yesterday , this newspaper was in the market. But due to some crisis and competition by regional newspapers, it closed down. But on government record it is still working. There are many newspapers which are working for political, religious and social purposes.

75 NEW ERA OF JOURNALISM

Regional or chain newspaper have it's own features & dements These news papers are more circulated, more popular than local newspapers The reasons are best quality of matter & pnnting , larger coverage of news, good nptwork of newsand marketing , suppliments on various subject like science movies, literature 1* Public relation is ver/ ancient profession Public relation is the planned efforts to influence public opinion through acceptable performance & two way communication Public relation, High techology best services, preference to the local problems are the ments of regional newspapers Sakal Group is top in maharashtra in case of quality & ranked second in case of quantity Lokmat group is ranked first in case of quantity

Local news papers do not have separate editions through out the state like Sakal & Lokmat So, they can't give fresh news on state and national problems & happenings Starting of regional newspapers is the new era in history of local journalism These newspapers have created great challenges before local newspapers There are problems of marketing technology, quality, quantity & not doubt .questions of servival before local news papers The huge capital, manpower, machine, news networks are also important problems before local newspapers Few of them are solved by local newspapers The mam problem is attitude, which is not changed by the management Absence of will power, pnnciples of management, organisation, quality of men are also problem before local newspapers Regional newspapers are becoming poupuir day by day because of best service, marketing and news network Quality plays important role in this industry which is not achieved by local news papers After launching o^ regional newspapers local news papers also started to change its' policies It IS new revoution in this field r Joshi Sudhakar, Pubic Relation & Journalism,Y COD ,Nasik,2000 p 3

76 Newspapers presentaly circulated in Nasik

There are more than one hundred news papers circulated in Nasik city. They are in English, Marathi, & urdu also which includes, dailies, weeklies, forthnightly , monthlies & yearly. Main dailies printed and published from Nasik are six. V The list is categorised as below. English Dailies :- Times of India, The Hindu, Free Press, Indian Express, Telegraph, Asian Age, Financial Express, Economic Times, The Obser\^er, Times, News times, Mumbai samachar. Marathi Dailies :- Sakal, Lokmat, Loksatta, , Maharashtra Times, Navashakti, Samna, Navakal, Punyanagari, Sandhyanand, Gavkari, Deshdoot, Rambhoomi, Bhramar, Apia Maharashtra, Sindhudurga, Yuva Sakal, Lokshahi Aghadi, . Weeklies :- Saptahik Sakal, India Today, Akash Ganga, Aple Jug, Employment News, Kamgar Jagat, Janta, Janshradha, Nokari Vyvasaya, Marasntraa Darshan, Chitralekha, Chowdhari Yatra Darshan, Lokprabha, Lokvrita, Lok Rajya, LokJyoti, Vritamanas, Metro Police, Saptahik Shodan, Sunday, Screen, Sports Star, Buletin, Satyakatha. Forthnightly ;- Gee, Sarita, Frontline, Saptahik Arthmanthan, Shutkar, Aple Arogya, Sanskritik Patrika, Surajya Patra. Monthlies :- Anupnta, Alka, Anataranag, Anushutabha, Amrit, Amrutkalash, Antarnad, Astrolosical Magazine, Uttamkatha, Krida Vishwa, Udyojag, Ekta, Krishiprasad, Kishore, Kirloskar, Kumar, Competition Success Review, Competition, Refreshar, Gammat Jammat , Grantha Sahawas, Griha Luxmi, Grihika, Grampedspy, Char Chughi, Chandoba, German sumachar ( Hindi & English ) Jeevan Vikas, Dakshata ,Dhanur dhari, Dharma bhaskar, Panchanama, Nutan kahaniya, Prasad.

1* Sarvajanik Vachanalaya, Nasik,Yearly Report 2002, p. 5.

77 Prapancha, Parmanu, Priya rasik, , Bhalchandra, Manohar kahaniya, Manini, Maher, Manav Dharma. Miluni sarya jani, Meri saheli, Menka, Mazi vahini, Ravivar Jatra , Ropwani, Rohini, LaLit, Vasant, Vasudha, Vigyan yuga, Sajjan garh, Sahitya suchi, Sahitya sugandha, Santa kripa, Suhasini, Suvarta, Stree, Shree dhar, Sandesh, Shiva rajya, Deshastja rugavedi samachar, Grantha sahawas, Yearly & others :- Akkalkot swami Darshan, Arthabharti, Apurva, Anuradha, Anurag, Aabaladae, Adhish than, Akshar, Aurved patrika, Akrosh, Awaz, Aroggaya deep, Ekta, Katha shree. College katta, Kistrim, Kchaskhas, Strag dhara, Gandhali, Gunehgar, Chirayu, Chanderi, Chandrakant, Chaitali, Chava, Janta, Tonic, Thak Thak, Deeghau, Deepawali, Naval. Nasik business Digest, Nada Bhrama, PatrakarAwaz, Parmarth chintan, Bahinai, Marathi, Vigyan patrika, Marathwada, Maharashtra gazeetee, Meri shaeli, Manini, maher. Bangalmurthi, Mauj, Rasik, Ratnavali, Ragini, Rajhansa, Ruchkar, Rambha, Lalna, Lokvagmyavrita, vasudha, Vidushak, Vishakha, Shabdalaya, Shatayshi, Sarva sakshi, Sasar maher, Savrkar Patrika, Saptahik Shodhan, Sahitya Laxmi, Sahitya sawana, Suvarta, Suwasini, Sankraman, Santa joyti, Sambahashan sandesh, Swami Maharaj, Hemgirtic, Hansa, Gyandoot, Hindu sabha w/arta, Shree chaitanya, Chandndya, Shreedhar sandesh, Shreemodi vaibhav.

1 1

78 DAILY GAVKARI

Gavkari is one of the oldest local marathi newpaper not only in Nasik but also in the state. Dattatrya Shankar Potnis started this daily on 1st Junuary 1938. It used to publish from Malegaon in the begining. It was weekly. Due to some reasons it wind up it's business for two years from 1942. On the auspicious day of Dashera, this weekly (1947) converted into Daily Gavakah. It started it's business from Manmad. Famous journalist of Daily Lokmanya, P.V. Gadgil from Bombay joined Gavkari. That time Gavakah launched, other publications like Lokmanas, Krishi, Jagut, Saptahik Rasrang, Amrit, Day view, Evening Saanand. This group also continued weekly Gavkari. Gavakah group have started it's editions from Jalgaon, Dhulia, Nagar and . Due to good service, variety, & better quality than other, this group became very popular. The magazine Amrit had lot of demand not only in Nasik but also through out Maharashtra. Editor Manohar Shahne gave his midas touch to this magazine. No other magazine could compete with Amht. Newspaper has make affect of public to give information, knowledge & joy are the prime aims of newspaper. Gavakari proved it. 1* It was popular among all class of society. Weekly Rasrang also got large readership . It was the first weekly in which was devoted to movies, drama & art. Because of quiity , Gavakari was the brand name in journalism.Now a days competition is unaviodable. There is little chance of survival.Vahety and quality without higher price is the demand of readers. At the same time cost of producion have increased. Problem.s like labour, machines, technology & no doubt competition, forced to change the old policies of Gavkari. The regional newspapers are launching new schemes for readers every day. New packages for the agents i.e. newspaper sellers, new schemes for advertisement agencies are offered by regional news papers. 1* Gujar.B.G.,Marathi for journalist,Ghorpade Probodhini,Pune, 1991,p.17.

79 This resulted to change the face of local newspapers. Malpractises, pollics is there in this industry. This also affected the Gavkari.The oldest newsaper's like Gavakah which was top at once upon a time in nasik is now at third position in case of circulation. The revenue from • advertisement is also reduced which forced Gavkari to comparamise at \ ' every level. Gavkari as a socal Institution Gavkari has given well known journalist to the Marathi journalism. P W. Gadgil who was working with 'Lokmanya' (Bombay) worked as editor of Gavkari. Old & new generation of journalism is the donation of Gavkari. Gavkari was social institution once upon a time. It worked as mouth pieace of Gandhian in norh maharashtra. It created awarness amongst rural & urban people during the independence struggle. Now a days it helps many pepole & organisations. It gave helping hand to the people of marathawada after tragedy of earth quake. 'Ajantha' was sister concern of Gavkari & publishing from Aurangabad. Merits of Gavkari In the cutthroat competition at local & regional level, Gavkari is trying it's best to increase the circulation. This paper is sun/ived because of it's mehts They are the storng points of this newspaper, which can be summarise as below. Gavkari is local problem oriented newspaper. It is giving more importance to the local news than the national. It publishes local news at front page and also back page. Printing is also clourful. Pages are minimum more than twelve per day, alongwith it there is color supliment. Tarun' suppliment is wholly dedicated to the youth class, which is popolur amongst the youth class in Nasik. The Sunday suppliment covers local as well as state & national .international issues. The regional newspapers are launching new schemes for readers every day. There is also space for childeren in this suppliment. Gavkari is providing various schemes to the newspaper agents, advertisement agencies, readers etc. It

80 IS the oldest newspaper in nasik so the relationship with readers, others professional & social institutions is stronger than any other local nespapers Demerits of Gavkari Cofiipramise is essential in the life This principle is also applicable to newspaper industry Gavkan is not exception to this It is hammanng local news on front & inner pages It is giving more importaance to advertisements than the news No doubt, that advertisement is the important part of newspaper but there is ratio of news & advertisement The standard ratio is 50 percent news & 50 percent advertisements But in case of Gavkari, the ratio is 60 percent advertisement ( sometimes 70 percent ) & 40 percent news So, this policy have greatly affected on the cirulation At the time of Dashera, Padwa & other important occasions, the front page of Gavkan shows 80 percent advertisements The mam news feature goes on third page This kind of strange policy one can find only in Nasik The quality of news, quality of editing, is also far lower than the other newspapers The printing technology of Gavkan , colour schemes of suppliments quality of newspapers is also bad The marketing policy contains malpractices e g to reduce the sell of competitor, Gavkari throws ifs own newspaper at the home of other readers relating to other newspapers Personnel are imporant than machines If the men are loyai skilled and having excellent views then organisation will alive But the pesonnel requires facilites, good remunaration, incentives etc There is absence of all these things in case of Gavkari The wages to the ediiors, & reporters is not according to law So, these people are not eager to contnbute to their news paper They are forced to malpractices & corruption This is affecting the qualities of newspaper If there is no qualitative newspaper, readers will not buy it Then no readership, no adertisement, not increase in sell There are other dements of this newspapers which are collectively presented in the chapter Merits & Dements of the local newspapers

81 Chart No.1 Organisational chart of Gavkarl

Managing Director & Editor

Editorial Marketing Advertisement Personnel Dept. Dept. Dept. Dept.

Chief Editor

III I Daily Gavkari Daily Dayview Monthly Amrit Weekly Rasrang

Editor (Editonwise)

News Edit. Chief Reporter Assistant Edit. Chief Edit.

Sport sub Edit Regional news sub Edit, Sub Edit, of page one

Local & regional news reporers

( Note - Arvind Potnis is Group Editor wnile Vandan Potnis is chief Editor & Publisher)

82 DAILY DESHDOOT

Now a days newspaper & electronic media is the weapon of politicians & industrialists Knowing this improtance, noted industrialist Devkisan i Sarda launched 'Deshdoot'. It started in 1970 in the presence of founder 'editor of sakal, Dr. Nanasaheb Parulekar. At present Vikaram Sarda is the Managing Editor, while Sashikant Tembne is the Editor. Nishikant Bhalero is Executive Editor. Pradip Niphadkar is also having same post. Deshdoot have completed thirty two years. During this jurney it faced many problems. Before four years age this newspaper was fighiting for survival when it published an article related to Shri Ram & Sita, which was largly criticised. Sociecty at large was hearted by this dirty article. Suresh Aavadhoot was editor at that time. Angry readers attacked the offices of Deshdoot in Dhulia , Jalgaon, Nasik. From that stage, the circulation came down. Deshdoot is the first daily in Marathi which is tied up with another publication, i.e. Chitralekha. Deshdoot & weekly Chitralekha have started the scheme for readers in north maharashtra. Along with the Sunday Deshdoot, chitalekha is circulated to the readers. The price on that day is five per copy . Since last one year this expirement is going on. It is geting good response from readers. Deshdoot also started evening daily Matantar, but it closed down shortly. The other experiement like suppliment for women class (Najrana) science supliment, got good response. But due to some reasons the science suppliement closed down. Now a days there is Sunday suppliment, newsuppliment, suppliment on movies & Najarana.

Merits of Deshdoot Deshdoot is well rooted news paper in Nasik because it is giving prefrence to the local problems, giving fresh news, doing exprement at

83 every stages It have good network of reporters from village level to state level This newspaper is following the pnnciples of management It have launched the internet edition Deshdoot gives good space to the local news on front page The follow up of news is also there There are efforts to show It's separte identity from the regional newspapers The scheme of Deshdoot Plus Chitralekha is the example of this This scheme got tremounds response at first stage The another scheme started by Deshdoot is publshing photographs of the children of on their birth day at free of cost All these things resulted on circulation The circulation is increased Demerits of Deshdoot There are two sides to a com So, Deshdoot have merits as well as loopholes To compromise for circulation is the backdroop of this daily News & opinion are two different things Newspaper is for news If the more opinion appears in it the news, then it become bias This happens with Deshdoot TThe best example can be citted here is the article on Prabhoo Shn Ram It was insulting one The society at large were harmed The main object to publish this article was to make havoc & m that way to increase the circulation But the mission failed & adversly affected the newspaper to the greater extend There is adverse effect of Chitralekha also Due to this scheme the price of Sunday Deshdoot is gone upto Rs Five So, some readers purchase other newspapers There is hammering of local news items So, the readers do not get national international news which are equally important The lay out of the first page is not attractive, the colour scheme is also bad The lay out presentation of inner pages is unattrative The quality of news & editing is far behind than the competitors Colour Sunday suppliment is the strong point of every newspaper But there is absence of this suppliment in case of Deshdoot There is no training to the reporters Skilled and effiecent workers are not there Same is thing of the management I'Sudhakar Pawar Friends of Subeditor- page 60 By

84 Chart No.2 Organisational Chart of Deshdoot

Managing Editor

Editor

Senior Executive Editor

Chief Sub Editor

Senior Sub Editor Sub Editor Sports Trainy (Regional) Sub Editor Sub Editor

t Chief Reporter City Reporter Rural Reporter

( Note- Vikram Sarda is the Managing Editor, Shashikant Tembhe is Editor, while Nishikant Bhalerao is senior Ececutive Editor, Pradip Niphadkar is Executive Editor.)

85 RAM BHOOMI

Nasik is the religious place. Phrabhoo Ramchandra resided here durig vanvas. Considering this fact, Vijay Rathi started Daily Rambhoomi. It was launched in 1983. Sadshiv Dixit & later on Madhukar Buwa were the editors. Now a days Vijay Rathi is the Editor of Rambhoomi. As the name is derived from Ram, the newspaper could not became popular. It have six pages & the price is Rs. two per copy. It is running because of the industrialist owner & his finance. In the begining the owner Vijay Rathi tried his best to create separate identity. But he did not get the help from other factors like marketing, editorial. Today, this news paper is fighting for survival and going to close down the business.There are many reasons behind this.There is no skilled subeditors & reporers in this newspapers, which is the main power of every newspaper. Which news should be published, which should be given preference is not known to the sub editors of this daily, l* There is format of a news. When, why, where, how & who should be answered in a news. Main matter should be lead of the news. There is absence of fresh & special news features, cover story, which help to increase the readership. The readers of Rambhoomi are auto drivers pan pattiwala etc. The printing technology is very poor comparing to the other local competitors. Besides this, there is absence of color printing, ' which is plus point of any good newspaper. Salaries, wages & other incentives \paid by the owner of Rambhoomi are very lower. This is also the reason of lower circulation.So this affected the workers. They are forced to do corruption. Now a days the competition is so sharp, that there is great challenge of survivul. Regional news papers are selling their copy at Rupe one. Naturally, the local readers prefer these newspaper which provides color suppliments, colourful pages, various schemes to the readers & agents. There is no efforts to tackle this problem by Rambhoomi. The main reasons are limited source of capital, less advertisement, less sell. If planned well & executed it, at the same time personnel are trained, then Rambhoomi can create challang before other newspapers also.

r Shinkhede Sunil, Batmichi Karyakshetre.Y.C.O.U.,Nasik,2000, p. 22 .

86 DAILY ULADHAL

Uladhal is the lowe^ circulated local daily in Nasik. It is nearly neglected in social, cultural & economic field of the city. Leader of Shivsena & Member of Legislative Assembly, Baban Gholap is the founder of this newspaper, Businessman Hukumchand Bagmar is the printer, publisher & also editor of Uladhal. Kashinath Bagul is the Assistant editor. Branch office is at sangamner while main office is at Ravivar Karanja, Nasik. This daily was started before ten years ago. The circulation is not more than three thousand. It is also circulated at . It is not popular amongst the local as well as other readers. The main reason is low quality of printing, & technology. There is no special efforts to catch qualitative & fresh news. There are only four pages. So, the local and national news get little space in this newspaper. Many times the news are gossips. There is no cofirmation of the news. 1* Subeditor should be versatile, alert & intelligent. He should check the factors in the news & restructure the news. This does not happen here. There is no control on news editing . National & international news are not covered. So, one can't get the knowledge what is happening out of nasik The quality of the lay out is low . The management & editorial department have no policy & direction. So, it is affecting on the newspaper's structure. There is no , supliment on any subject like movies, art, culture, science. Hence, readers prefers regional newspapers like Sakal, Maharashtra Times, Lokmat etc. There is no special efforts to improve the image of the newspaper. So, the circulation is not increasing. But it is as it is.

As the politicians are the promotei of Uladhal, this newpaper is mostly used for the poltical purposes. One can find example of the news war between Uladhal and Deshdoot in case of curruption charges. Social and cultural fields get second preferance in Uladhal. This newspaper have not done admirable job in social field nor the efforts are done in this direction.

1* Pawale Patrakaritechi, Sakal Papers Trust,Pune, P.35.

87 EVENING DAILY BHRAMAR

Bhramar is an evening daily publishing from Panchvati, Nasik, It is the first evening daily in the Nasik. Chandulal Shah started this daily. It used to publish twice in a month. But from 1972 it converted into evening daily & now clebrating 30th year. Efforts to start this daily are really admirable. Bhrmar is popular amongst the small businessmen, auto driver & the peple who want to pass the time The price is one Rupee. There were only two pages to this daily tillyestarday. But now a days there are four pages in one rupee Which is good progress. There is no strong competitor to this evening news paper. Mahanagar is there but it have no demand. So, Bhramar is enjoying the monopoly since last thirty years. Simple lay out is the feature of Bhramar another feature is that there is no supliment in colour or black white. The daily jock'Sukakath Masala' is very popular among the readers. Many times, the jock is only for adult. As Bhramar is evening daily, it can cover fresh news took place during the day. The sale is more at S.T. Stand, Railway Station & business street. This daily covers chme news very quickly. So, other newspapers also copy it. Demerits of Bhramar As Bhramar is evening daily, one can't expect color suppliment, impressive Editorial, good lay out & other things from this newspaper. There are demerits of this evening daily. Many time it publishes fake or bogus news without confirming it. This helps in increasing superstitions. Journalist should have knowledge which includes current affairs, Science, Commerce, arts, Politics, Sports etc. General know ledge is the base of journalism. 1.

1* Dastane Santosh, General knowledge for Journalists Y.C.O.U.Nasik,2000, p 3.

88 There is no scientiifc organisational chart in this newspaper. In every newspaper, there is editor, subatitors, assitant editor, chief reporter, reporters. But this organisation is not there in Bhramar. Every sunday is the holiday for this newspaper which is loss of readers, becuase they do not know that day's happening. As it is evening daily, it can't cover the lates't news in the city, which affects the image of the newspaper. It is devoted wholly to the local problems. National & International news hardly get the space. There is no special space for chilren. So, this class of readers is away from these newspapers. Generally the advertisements, are published from bottom to upper direction. This principle is not followed by bhramar. There are no skilled workers. Efficient Editohal department is not there. So any kind of news is published without editing which is always harmful to the society. The reporters & sub editors are untrained. The lay out is always of same type. There are no special efforts for qualitative news . As there is no control on news size, the space in the newspaper is wested at large. The unwanted news is published on front page while important news are negleted. Compramise is there at every level. News network plays important role in the progress ;of newspaper. There are no efforts to create such network. There is no ireporter at every talukas in Nasik. So, the people from rural areas do not •buy this newspaper. The Puny Nagari newspaper have created challenge before Bhramar.

89 Chart No.3 Origanisational chart of Bhramar

Editor t

SubEditor t

Chief Reporter

City Reporters I

Rural Reporters

I

Agents Cum Reporters

(Note ; Chandulal Shaha is the owner as well as editor of Bhramar.)

90 EVENING DAILY MANAV Daily Manav is newly started evening daily in Nashik. It was started on -:St January 2003. With starting of this new daily there are total three evening daily newspaper in Nashik. Other two are Dainik Mahanagar and Dainik Bhramar. Bhramar is more than 25 year old and is having good demand as well as popularity. Manav is newly started by Raosaheb Dokhe. Price of this daily is just rupee one i.e. equal to it's close competitor Bhramar & Mahanagar. This newspaper is printed in Nashik Sakal Press & published at Cidco. At present, this daily has no demand by public. This newspaper is not getting advertisements. So, it is difficult to run this newspaper. It is usual experience that people starts newspaper but wind up it very soon. Because newspaper business requires huge & stable capital. Even though the capital is raised by any way, newspaper requires experienced & talented personnel. Good journalist is the need of hour. Good & modern machinery, besides this, teamwork is also important thing. Gathering of men, material money & machine leads to good newspaper. Fresh news is required for popularity of the newspaper. These above things are absent in case of daily Manav. Many of the news publish in daily Manav are stolen from newspaper like Sakal. The best example is the issue of sakal datedlO"" January 2003. In this issue the news regarding World Health Organisation is already published in daily Sakal. It is the secret news of Sakal. There is misappropriation of the machinery of World Health Organisation. This is the hot story published only in Sakal. But the same story is published next day in Daily Manav on front page. There is lot of-wastage of space in this newspaper. It shows that there is no skilled subeditors in this newspaper. Absent of fresh news, absent of ^special story indicates that the reporters of daily Manav is unskilled. Many of the news are derived from the other newspapers. But all these things are expected in case of newly started newspaper. So, one must give a chance to this newspaper to settle. In the same way Daily Bhramar settled & became popular. It is the experience that evening newspaper survive for many years because the number of competitors are less with compaire to daily newspaper which publish in the morning.

91 REGIONAL NEWS PAPERS IN NASIK DAILY NASIK SAKAL

Sakal have started new era in marathi journalism. Sakal have given new direction & dimension to the marathi newspaper industry. Sakal was started by great editor Nanasaheb Parulekar, in 1932. The name \Sakar was suggested by a student of Fergusson Kashinath Bhide. He got the pnze for that. Hundreds of names were suggested through out the state, r Due to the hard work, perfect planning, importance to the comman man, Sakal became very popular & could progress rapidly. Fresh & special news, particular lay out, balanced news, super printing technology, colour printing, variety in the matter are the main features & power of saka!. Weekly Sakal, Weekly Arthamaiithan, sports magazine 'Krida Vishwa' , Daily 'Yuwa sakal' are the publications of sakal group which are circulated in nasik also.

Sakal group have started separate editions from Mumbai, Kolapur, Nasik, Aurangabad & recently . And now going to launch edition. Sakal Group took over the Daily Gomantak from Goa. The speed of progress of sakal is really admirable. Sakal is not behind in social work also. Kargil war, Marthawada earth quake are few example when sakal collected funds for the victims.. At present sakal is ranked second in case of circulation in maharashtia Lokmat ranked first. But concidering the quality sakal is on the top. Keeping the same policy & quality Nasik sakal edition started on 17 march 1989, Dawrkanath Leie was the editor. Now Uttam Kamble is the editor of this edition. Nasik sakal covers the north maharashtra including Nasik, Jalgaon, Dhulia and Nandurbar editions. There are separle offices at these places. Besides, there are regional offices at malgegaon & sinnar For advertisement, there is office at Ashoka Stambha, Nasik. 1*Lele,R.K., History of Marathi Newspapers,Continetal Pub.,1984,Pune,p /"SI

92 Main office is at satpur. All offices are linked by computer to thise main office & the main office is linked with all editions in the maharashtra. One can find this kind of excellent net work only in sakal group. This is one of the main reason of sakal's progress. Other competitor could not set up this kind of network. To educate the people is the prime objective of newspaper. Entertainment is the secondary objective. Newspaper should start awareness programme. 1* Features of Nasik Sakal New experiement, well planning , fresh news, preference to the local news, national & international coverage, special features by experts are the merits of Nasik Sakal. Other competitors could provide these services to the readers. There is news & articles for chidren, senior citizens, women, youth. Good balance has been achieved . Men, material & machines are important factors in the competition. Sakal have skilled workers, intelligent reporters & subeditors, imported machinery. The printing technolgy is so good that other job workes can get easily. Sakal started colour printing first in the local journalism. Other newspapers like Gavkari, Deshdoot forced to coloar their editions. Whenever sakal started new item , competitors copied it. It is the success of sakal. Sakal started Local news suppliment, other news papers also launched the same kind of suppliment. Whenever Sakal started a news serial on local problems, competitors imitiated it. But it has affected local news papers' own image adversly. The main strong points of Nasik sakal are large news network, fresh & different news, skilled editors, prompt reporters, good lay out. The v^eekly colour suppliment like 'Kalaranjan' ( movies & drama ) 'Saptranga' (sunday supliment) , science suppliment 'Disha' are the plus points of nasik sakal Recently , sakal started economic suppliment wholly for economic news. No other local marathi

1* Purulekar N.B.,Nirop Ghetana,Sakal Trust,Pune,1979 p.11.

93 Newspaper could do it What reades want, it appears in the sakal immidiatly. Science suppliment Disha is popular amongst the students. The Local news suppliment 'Maza Nasik ' helped to solve the problems in rural areas The problems in rural as well as in the Nasik city concerning government departments, institutions, political parties take the congnizance of the news apeared in sakal. Sakal as a Social Institution Sakal was never mere a newspaper office. U was an university of knowledge from which many journalists were borned.Sakal has created qualitative generations of journalists. 1* Nasik sakal is not only a news paper but is also a social institution . It has built a lodging and boarding for the son and daughters of the retired soilders. Nasik sakal also set up special fund for the people in marthwada after the calamity of earth quake. It also gathered funds during the kargil war. Nasik sakal is learning centre for new aspirants. Many people and students have visited premises of sakal. Sakal started tradition of honouring the 10"" & 12'^ standard students who apperas in the merit list. The daily guidence article for tenth students gets good response every year. Now competitors have started the same. Holy day page apperars at time of Diwali and in summar. Good scale to the personnel is also the feature of sakal. Even rural : reporters are paid for their services Other newspapers do not avail various ' facilites to their personnel, they do not pay remuneration to their rural reporers. So, this results in corrupt practices. This is serious problem in local journalism. Special Efforts of Sakal Nasik sakal have established a forum. This forum invites intellectual persons, representatives of govenment as well as social orgaisations, Thsese people are interacted with personnel of sakal. They guide the personnel, especially to the reporters & subeditors. 1*Lele R.K., History of Mrathi Nev;sPapers,Continetal Pub.,Pune1984, p. 166S

94 The later side asks questions if there is any query. Quality circle is other specai! effort to increase the quality level of personnel. It has also helped to solve vanous problems in the organisation and controled the unwanted expenses. There are various groups according to the department. The group leaders meet once in a month & discuss the inter departmental problems & solve it. No other newspaper have formed quality circle All these specail efforts on various fronts, social involvments, cotribution to the nation, social accountablity have helped Nasik Sakal & no doubt Sakal group to improve and build image. This also helped to the greater extend to increase the circulation also. Other newspapers could not do it. Local news papers are fighiting for the survival. They do not try for such efforts. Nasik sakal did it. So Sakal is top most in rural areas. It's editorial policies are perfect Along witn funds are make available whenever required.

95 Chart No.4 Organisational Chart of Sakal Managing Director cum Editor

General Manager t

Daily Sakal Yuwa Sakal Arthamanthan Krida Wishva

Daily Sakal

Pune Nasik Mumbai Kolapur Aurangbad Solapur Nagpur sakal sakal sakal sakal sakal sakal sakal 1 Editor Executive Editor 1 Assistant Editor i News Editor Assistant News Editor

Chief SuD Editors SuD Editors Chief Reporter Reporters Trainee

96 LOKSATTA IN NASIK

Loksatta is the publication of national level Indian Express group. This marathi edition is published from Mumbai, Pune, and Ahmednager. And now is planning to launch Nasik Edition. Once upon a time Laksatta was largest cirulated marathi daily in Maharashtra , now it is at third position, Lomat is number and followed by sakal. Loksatta is most popular & circulated in mumbai, because of it's quality. It's printing, editing, reporting all sides are excellent. It is the first marathi newspaper which circulates it's Sunday suppliment on glaze paper which is used by Indain Express & Times of India. It is it's speciality. Qualitative news is feature of Loksatta. As it is the publication of Indian Express group, it is getting advantage on various fronts. Loksatta is largely prferred by readers in nasik. Busniess men & other people daily tour from Nasik to Mumbai. Taking into consideration this fact, Loksatta gives seprate page for news from north maharashtra. But fresh local news are not covered regularly. So, it is it's negative point. It's colour suppliment is readable due to the variety of articles by renowed journalists &, experts. Loksatta have affected Local new papers in Nasik. Now a day, Loksatta is concentrating on Nasik edtion. For that purpose, it has devoted one page for news from north maharashtra i.e. Nasik, Jalgaon, Dhulia and Nadurbar. But the news appears very late so, the impact is not as per expected. At present, Loksatta have office at Nasik. There are reporters also. It is the news that Express Group is going to collaborate with world famous Rupert Murdhok, which will enable to Express group to sell it's copy at fifty paise only. If it happened, then exstance of local newspaper will come into dangeour.

97 Maharashtra Times In Nasik

Maharashtra Times is the publication of well knownTimes of India Group. Like Sakal, Lokmat & Loksatta, Maharashtra Times have not separate editions . So large portion of the state is not covered by this daily. Local news does not get justice. It is the main disadvantage of this news paper. It is not giving single page to separate district. Only it is giving preferance to Mumbai & it's surrounding cities. Another dermerit is that it reaches very late in other districts which have affected it's circulation. Lay out of this newspaper is super. It got prizes for it. Journalist has to write on many subjects. This writing should not be prejudice. News, articles & other matter written by journalist must be easy to understand to common man. This paper is doing this. 1*The different news is the main power of Maharashtra Times. For special news, hard efforts are done by it's reporters. Simple & effective style of writing is the feature of Maharashtra Times. The Sunday suppliment is very healthy & preferred by all class of readers. Like other regional news papers, Maharashtra Times have not different kind of colour suppliments. The subject of suppliment is covered in the daily. Now days, this newspaper have concentrated on Nasik city. , It is giving special news regarding Nasik on front page. Photographs are also published with it. It have helped to raise it's circulation. This has affected local newspapers. This news paper, though not having seprate edions for north maharashtra, is still popular in this region because it's suppliments are very readable. The subjects are fresh and launguage is very effective. Maharashtra Times is going to start edition in Pune, for this purpose, it has errected mahinery and buildings in this city. At present there is no planning to start north maharashtra edition.

1* Dastane Santosh,General knowledge for Journalists,Y.CO.U.,Nasik,2000,p.1.

98 Punya Nagari In Nasik

Punya Nagari is published from Mumbai & circulated in Mumbai, Ratnagiri, Nasik, Nagar, and Pune. It's regional offices are in these cities. This newspaper is considered for the research here, because this newspaper has greatly affected local newspapers wherever it is circulated in the state. News appeared in this newspaper are mostly strange and fake. But there is a class of readers in Nasik & in other cities who like to • read these kind of news. There is no requirement to train the reporters I because they are not expected to give qualitative news. "! ;•;' There are no skilled Sub editors. The only aim of this newspaper is tQ make time pass. This newspaper has good demand in Nasik & rural areas. Price is rupee one & pages are eight. So, peopel purchase it. Higher & middle class of the society in Nasik don't purchase this daily because it have no value. But readers like hawkers, men's parlour, Amrit tulya, farmers pay for this news paper which have decreased sell of local news papers, especially Bhramar, RamBhoomi. Now days Punya-Nagari is making special efforts to publish local news relating to Nasik. It apointed reporters, agents for this purpose. Local programmes are apperring with photographs. This newspaper has not any suppliment. The resources from advertisement are very less. So the space avilable is used for news & articles. Due to financial shortage it has not started separte edition from Nasik.

99 NASHIK LOKMAT

Newspaper is the important media of public relation For public relation TV, Radio & newspaper is very useful Public relationship of Lokmat is very good Lokmat is one of the fastest growing newspaper in India r It is ranked first in case of circulation in Maharahstra It is at number one place in Nasik also In North maharashtra, Lokmat Group launched first edition at Jalgaon Later it moved to the Nasik Now there are more than 13 editions publishing from all over maharashtra In Maharashtra, Lokmat is the largest circulated marathi daily As per the Indian readeiship sun/ey(1999 ) ,readership of lokmat was 70 lakh 60 thousand Sakal was at second place (37 lakh 30 thousand ) followed by Loksatta ( 32 10 Lakh ), Navakal (27 8 Lakh ) & Times of India (16 6 Lakh ) In case of readership Lokmat stands seventh at national level From 17 August 2002 Lokmat started to publish in 27 inches size, mostly all the newspapers are m th's size now a days This age is collaboration age To expand and to run the business, tie up is essential thing now a days Lomat have tied up v;ith the renewed English daily The Asian Age which is one of the popular newspaper in India This news paper will co-operate Lokmat Group Nasik edition of Lokmat started in 1995 & now celebrating it's seventh year Vijay Darda 's the Managing Editor of lokmat Group while senior journalist Vijay Kuvalekar is the chief Editor of this Group Datta Saraf is the editor of Nasik editoin In case of circulation in Nasik city, this edition ranks first In North Marashtra, Lokmat ranked first having circulation of one lakh 72 thousand 419 copies per day ( data as per Audit Beauru of circulation July- Decmber 1999 ) Th ^^Q ^ The ellaboration of data is like below - Nasik Edition 62 thousand 8l9 Jalgaon Edition 76 thousand 751 & Ahmednagar Edition 32 thousand 849

1* Joshi Sudhakar,Pub[ic Relation & Journalism,Y C 0 U,Nasik,2000, p 27

100 Features of Lokmat Aggressive marketing at the time of Launching new edition is the feature of Lokmat Group, At the time of Launching, the price per copy is rupee one for one year. Newspaper agents are paid handsome commission at second phase. While other means are used at third phase. So, the circulation goes upto one-lakh copies per day within year. This happened in Nasik. This policy is used every where by this news paper. Regional newspapers circulated in the city are less affected but the local news papers are worstly affected due to Lokmat. Because their own price is higher than Lokmat. Their quality in all fronts is inferior than Lokmiat. There are three colour suppliments along with main cover of Lokmat at Rupee one only. Naturally traditional readers are also diverted to it. Attractive layout of all pages including front page is the strong point of Nasik Lokmat. The printing technology is also of high quality. So the impact of both is that more readers are fetched to it. More pages & covering of local news is another important weapan of this news paper. Local news of any kind along with photos are published quickly. So , there is different kind of relationship with concerning person and this organisation . Sakal is the main competitor of Lokmat in local as well as state level. Sakal circulates Local news suppliment thrice in a week along with cover paper. So, Lokmat also did the same. It's suppliments are getting good response. More coverage is given to rural news, to capture the first position in the district. Sakal is on the top position in the rural area but the situation is vice versa in city. Tlie other suppliments of Lokmat like movie, suppliment for youths have good response in district & city. Collegians contributes to youth suppliment. The problems of new generation are given wide publicity through this suppliment. So, it is very popular like Tarun suppliment of Gavkari. The network of Lokmat reporters is at grass root level. Generally the newspaper agent is appointed as reporter in rural areas. So, the responsibility to increase the circulation lies with him. But this reporters

101 does not get remunaration like Sakal offers. Remuneration depends upon the news given per cloumn. At the end of month the calculation is made & reporters are paid. But Lokmat does not pay remunaration & expenses to the reporters in rural areas. So, the possibility of corruption can not ruled out. The sub editors working with Lokmat are experienced one. Skilled subeditors are the assets of any newspaper. They know what & how much preference should be given to which news item. Quantity of subeditors in Nasik Lokmat is sufficient. But the quality is not at expected level. The reason is scale paid to them by the management is low comparing with Sakal, Loksatta, Maharashtra Times. Lokmat group have not accepted the Fifth pay commission headed by Manisana Sing. This commmisson was set up for review the pay and work conditions of journalist all over India. Naturally journalist working with Lokmat Group are disappointed despite the hard work & devotion. It has affected on their loyality with the organisation. So , while considering the status, Loknat is at number first in case of quantity but ranked below five in case of quality in the state.

There are lot of demerits of Lokmat which are the barriers in it's progress. The very first problem is that this news paper believes in quantity & not in the quality. The quality of reporting & editing is far lower than what one expect from a number one newspaper. The reporting is very bad from rural to state level. The same is regarding the editing. There is no control on the length & depth of news. The news which does not have value occupies important place. Fresh news of national & international news, ( especially foreign news ) are not covered by this newspaper. What & how to present news, what should be head line are not known to the subeditiors. There are experienced journalists working with this group. But they are not skilled & trained. The main competitor Sakal regularly sends it's journalists on foreign tours, to cover the events like conference, cricket world cup, Olympic games etc. which creates great impression in readers. There is no such tradition in Lokmat.

102 Chart No.5 Organisational Chart Of Lokmat

Managing Editor cum Director i Chief Editor I I I I Lokmat Lokmat Samachar Lokmat Times

(iiicirathi) (Hindi) (English)

I I I

Executive Editor Executive Editor Executive Editor (Edition wise) (Edition wise) (Edition wise)

I I

News Editor Assistant Chief sub Editor News Editor I i I Chief Reporter Reporters Sub Editors

103 Effects of Regional Newspapers On Local Newspapers

Local newspapers can attract the readers. Local newspapers can solve the local Problems & can boost the development work. This is the reason why people prefer the local newspapers, r But, local newspaper in Nashik failed to solve the local problems. Local newspapers & other factors of the society is greatly affected by the , entry of regional newspapers in Nasik. This effect is good for the society ..'while bad for the local newspapers. Because their survival is in dangeour, circulation came down. People are prefering more & more regional news papers for it's quality, variety & services. The demand of local newspapers is reducing because management's attitude towards the competition is not healthy & perfect. Weak economical condition & other reasons have forced the management to compromise with quality. Following is the effect of regional newspapers on local news papers.

Effect on circulation It is obivious that when a qualitative produt is served in the market & it's price is also affordable, then customer will buy it. The proudct from china in India is excellent example of this. Same is happening in the field of newspaper industry. In Nasik it v^ill happen as soon as foreign media entered. Before the entry of Sakai & Lokmat, which are regional newspapers Gavkari was at number one place in Nasik & also in North maharashtra, Deshdoot was behind it, Rambhoomi & Bhramar followed it. Daily Lokshahi Aghadi had also demand. But after the arrival of

! * Pawale Patrakaritechi. Sakal Papers Trust,2000. p.57.

104 regional newspapers, this secene changed little. Now the situation is totally riverse. Lokmat is number one. Sakal is second. Gavkari which was ranked first once upon a time, now is at third place. Deshdoot is at fourth, while Bhramar is at fifth place. The difference of circulation is increasing day by day. There is fear that some local newspapers would wind up its' business. Due to this cut throat competition, regional news paper like Lokmat had reduced it's price at rupee one at the time of launching Due to only this, it is at number one. Local news paper s can't reduce its price & cut down advertisement rates. Because it is the only means of their income 2. Effect on Quality Immitation of good things is not wrong. Regional newspapers are doing new experiements every day. New layout, different kind of news, new technique of photography & printing , expirements on front of news & articles are example of this. Regional newspapers are launching new suppliments after every particular period & every year Readers in the Nasik are noting all these changes & demanding the same from local newspapers. Lokmat started to publish birthday news of children with photographs at free of charge. So, people expected it from Gavkan & Deshdoot. These newspapers fulfilled this demand. These news papers ' are immitating the catchy headline & colour scheme of Lokmat & Sakal. If Sakal starts a news series on a local problem , Gavkari, Deshdoot follws it If Sakal publishes reactions of experts on a problem or an event, local news papers copy it. If Sakal & Lokmat launches new coloumn for children or women, local newpapers also do the same. So, all these immitation have resulted in improving the quality of local newspapers. Which is helping it, to compete with competitior. Readers have accepted these qualitative changes.

105 ^. Effect on the society '••\A/hat happens in the society is reflected in movies. What appears in cinema take place in society. Same is the case of news papers. If news papers publish or gives preferance to good things in the society, people are encouraged to do their best. Newspaper is the important media of revolution. This powerful media is the last resort of the society. Now a days democracy is facing critical problems. It's pillars like judician/, parliment is failing to perform duty. Due to lot of curruption & injustice, people are approaching to the newspapers. Regional newspapers in Nasik are trying to give justice, trying to solve these problems. These newspapers are giving chance to the virtues of local people in Nasik. Writers, poets, social workers & institutions, artists are given wide publicity through Sakal, Lokmat, Loksatta, Samana which are regional newspapers. So, other people in the society are also encouraged to do their best. Their problems are solved without approaching to the local administration. Effect on economy of local newspapers Print media requires lot of finance. It was a mission before independence but now a days, it is mere profession. Industrialist & Politicians are the owners of newspapers Group. Nasik have the tradition of good jurnalism The investment in the local newspapers is limited. These newspapers are facing the financial problems. Regional newspapers are offering good salary to the workers. So , personnel of local newspapers are approching to them The main share of advertisements is going to the regional newspapers. Local newspapers are forced to compromise the advertising rates Lokmat launched it's Nasik edition at rupee one only with twelve pages. So, demand increased and hence got more advertisements Advertisement Agencies approcached to it. This affected the business of local newspapers. Effect on price & page average Regional newspapers are financially very strong. Management of these newspapers have invested lot of funds for machinery, men & materia! So,

106 these newspaers have created problems before local newspapers. Lokmat always offer it's copies at rupee one, when it starts new edition, it happened at Nasik. So, local newspapers are forced to sell copies at lower price. Regional newspapers are offering more than twelve pages every day to the readers. So, this increased page average is their power, which forced the local newspapers to increase the page average. So, the cost of production increased which have created problems before the management of local newspapers. 6. Effect on survival Due to the regional newspapers, local newspapers are fighting for the ,is,urvival. Because, they are financially weaker than regional newspapers. 'l^n'Nasik, Daily Rambhoomi has closed down it's business due to this cut throat competition. Internal problems was the secondary reason. Best quality, more page arerage, best services & news network, aggressive marketing , lower price are the main features of the regional newspapers. While these qualities and things are absent in local news papers. Finance & technology is also power of regional news papers in Nasik. While it is the problem before local one. So, these papers are facing the problems of survival.

107 Merits of Local Newspapers

1. Preference to the Local Problems There are several local problems in Nasik. It starts from cleanness & ends with shortage of electricity. The means & resources are limited while needs & problems are unlimited. Knowing this fact, local newspapers are hightliting these problems on front page as well as inner pages. So people are impressed because their complaints do reach to the proper authority & the prolems are solved. So there is different kind of relationship with people is created. This is strong point of local newspaper. 2. Reaches to the Grassroot level The worKing of the local news paper is not only limited to the city , it also reaches to the grass root level i.e. in villages. The problems in the villages are high lighted. There is guidance to the farmers every week through one page agriculture suppliment. The representatives of the rural people are untrained & lazy. So the local news papers attack on them to get work done. The decision makers of rural people are in cities. So they also come to know the problems. In this way the problem is solved and people are satisfied. 3. Sufficient Page Average of Newspaper The page average means number of pages served to the readers per copy per day. The page average depends upon the economical position of the news paper. The local news papers like Gavkari & Deshdoot offers 12 to 16 pages to the readers. The price is two rupees & fifty paise. Even regional newspaper like sakal, Loksatta do not give such number of pages at rupees 2.50 The prices of printing paper is increasing day by day. Which is affecting the page average. 4. Affordable prices to the poor people There is such class of readers who do not get one time food for their family. In such a condition, newspaper costing Rupees two or more is not

108 ^terdable to them. So local daillies like Bhramar, Lokshahi Aghadi, Mahanagar, Uladhal are selling their copies for Rupee one, which fetches the poor readers. There are some readers whose economical condition is strong. But they wanted to save money. Such class of readers also prefer the low price news paper. 5. Agents are the reporters The agents selling news papers in rural areas are the reporters of the local news papers at many places. So, they force to the readers to purchase local news paper. So the circulation increases. These agents collects news & sends it to the head quarters. They get commission for selling the news papers , but not for the reporting. So they are involved in currupt practices. Though these agents are not trained & skilled, they are experienced one & they can write news in same way as the reporters do write. So, the problems of the rural people are higlihted. 6. Simple & Impressive Language Simple language of news is another feature of the local newspapers. What people talks, same appears in the newspaper. Hard language of expert is avoided. So, the comman man understand the news item . The impression of oneness is created. 7. No hard Organisational structure The simple organisation avoides the complications, fixes authority & responsbility. In many local news papers, there is one editor who controls the subeditors. There is nc compartments like regional news papers have. The management is also simple lio, planning and execution becomes easy one.

109 Demerits of Local Newspapers

Weak News Network Network is such a thing which reduces tension, saves money, labour & time. At the same time it gives perfect result. News network is vittal factor in case of newspaper. Regional newspapers like sakal, Lokmat have excellent news network. Their repersentatives (reporters) are working from grass root level upto National level. All the news centres of sakal are interlinked with each other. So, the things happened in the village is known to the reporter at Delhi & vice versa. The sen/ice is so quick that readers get fresh news in time . Local newspapers does not have such strong network. The reporters working with them are not effecient. Because they are not trained & not getting sufficient remunaration. So, they are not eager to send the news, if the news is missing, the authority in the local news paper does not fire them. So, the image of the newspaper is damaged. No Modern Machinery, & Technology Skilled, intelligent personnel need good support of machinery & equipm,ent The computer & medical experts working in India does not get adequate facilities. So they go America, Europe where they proves & improve their skills. Same thing is their in newspaper filed. The skilled personnel working with regional newspapers get proper facilities. Local news papers do not give these facilities to their workers. So their skill is not proved & improved. One can find the top quality machinery like computers, mobiles, STD, hotline, image processor, scanners, printing machines only in regional newspapers. So the quality of men, machine & mateial is proved in the market. Which help to image building, to increase the circulation of news paper. So the news network gets supports of modern machinery Day by

no day new machinery & technology is available to the personnel of regional newspapers. 3. Inefficient Organisation & Management Organisation & management are the sole of the establlishment if it is strong enough then company can enter in the market with new schemes. The organisation & management of Local newspapers is not scientific one. So, many times question of authority & responsbility, reporting & directing arises. Decision taken within proper time & execuction of it leads to success. But fact is that the management of local newspapers is inefficient. Many times, decision taken by it is proved wrong. There is lack of innovation, imagination, so immitation of regional newpapers always take place. While doing this, the own limitation are not considered by local newpapers. Organisation like editorial department have no scientific base So, selection & placement of news proves wrong. 4. Hammering of the Advertisements Newspaper is profession first & service second. Advertisement is the main source of revenue for newspapers. Without adverttisement, no newspaper can run, because the cost of production is very high. But if there is only advertisements, pepole will not read the newspaper. So, the standard ratio of news & advertisement now a days is fifty fifty each. While the local newpaper many time cross this limit. At the time of Diwali, Dashera, etc., local newspaper devote the front page to the advertisements only. The main feature of news appears on third page on that day. Inner pages are also full of advertisements. News iteams are less. So, the readers are diverting to regional news papers which is a loss of local newspapers. 5. Lack of Innovation and Vision. Personnel with power of innovation & imagination, are the assets of the company . Because the future plans depends on them. That's why there is a research wing in every company. Lot of amount is spent for innovation. Local news papers does not have this system So, many times ,they imitiate (copydown) what regional newspapers do. Layout, new

111 feature, series, news suppliments .articles, photographs, are copied down by local newspapers. There is no try for new layout, colour scheme. Editorial & marketing team is responsible for it. The proper guidance to them IS not available. So, imagination is not there. 6. No Incentives & Proper Pay Scale Hard & Honest worker should be paid properly, so that he will be encouraged & contribute more to the compay. He will devote himself to his work & ultimetly to the company. Local newspapers does not give proper scale to the workers, especially sub editors & reporters , who are the main ".factors of the news papers. As per the government direction, the editonal is intellectual work &. the working hours should not be more than six hours But the journalists of local news papers are working more than eight hours & getting very less remunaration. 7. Improper Payscale leads to Curruptlon As the journalists & personnel are getting less payment, they are forced to make malpractices like corruption. At the time of any election this happens mostly. In journalism language it is called 'paid news'. Even the rural reporters of local news papers are involved in the malpractices. So the image of the paper is damaged. Which reduces the circulation. Some local news papers in Nasik are famous for paid news. The quality of paid news is known to the readers, so they do not believe in it. The reporters in rural areas do not get remunaration. Hence, they are also indulging in malpractices. 8. Untrained & Unskilled Personnel Not even journalist but the personnel working with marketing, advertisement, administration, circulation, printing, pagination etc, are untrained. The local news papers have not launched any training programme for them. The skill of debeting of marketing & advertisement personnel is not impressive. The subeditors are not educated enought. They are n ot getting further training, which affects quality. The reporters working with local newspapers don't get chance of giong abroad for

112 covering the function or collecting the events like cricket workd cup, fotball work cup, parliament or state assembly sessions. So the journalists are away from becoming verstile. In Norvey, Sweedon & Denmark newspaper is produced in a motar within three hours. This motar costing 18,500 dollars & having one reporter & Driver cum technisian produce & circulate this newspaper in villages. This example is applicable here. 9. Low morale, Devotion & Status If there is a strong competitor before you & you know that he will win every time, then your morale is naturally lower than the compepetitor. At the same time you are not paid properly for your service then you will not devote yourself. Then the corrupt practices starts. All these things decides your social & economical status. This all happens with journalists, workers & staff of the local news papers. Their social & economical status is lower than the regional newpaper's personnel. 10. Communication & Public Relation The communication & good public relationship with the society is essential for the company. It is the key of success in today's business age. In many organisation, may be social or professional, there is public relation officer. Jhe regional newspapers have established good relationship with the people in; Nasik. For this purpose,they arranges various events regularly. The communication skill is also excellent. So their is permanant relationship v;ith the city. Local newspapers have ignored the public relationship 8c communication. Now they are paying for it. The inter communication is also important which creates good atmosphere of work. But there is lack of inter communication in local news papers.

1* Gokhale,R.N.,Patrakaritecha Swabhav.University Of Pune,1990, p. 69

113 COMPARISON BETWEEN LOCAL AND REGIONAL NEWSPAPER

1. Social & Economical status The social & economical status of a person depends upon his persona! goal & efforts. The status & image of journalists working with local news papers is lower comparing with regional newspaper. Because ,many of these journalists are not verstile, skilled and well educted. Their character is not clean. So, the status is lower. Thery don't want to improve it by various means. The payment they gets is not according to the Law. It is lower than regional news papers. The working hours are also more but payment is not according to it. Rural journalists of local newspapers does not get remunration. So they are forced to corruption. 2. Price and Quality of the Newspaper Many of the regional news papers are using foreign newsprint for printing. So, the impression of newspaper is very good. The lay out, quality of photographs, selection & editing of the news is also perfect many times. The price per copy is same as local news papers. It is Rupees two & fifty paise in nasik. Local news papers are far behind in lay out, editing, reporting, selection & placement of news. Many times local news papers cross the limit of advertisement on front page. Hence, the lay out of news paper fails. The machinery used for scanning , printing and pagination is not good. So it affects the quality of local news papers. 3. Working conditions & surrounding envirornment Enviornment plays important role in production. Proper vantilation, placement of tables & chairs, serial of deparment engageed in work process, views of management towards the workers are the another factors affecting the quality of works. Local newspapers have not provided various facilities to the workers. The furniture is not suitable for long duration work. Proper vantilation & air conditions are not provided to

114 personnel. The offices of these newspapers are in the centre of city. So, noise & air pollution affects the health. Offices of regional news papers in nasik are away from the city. There is garden which creates healthy envionment. 4. Circulation of the Newspapers Circulation is the factor which decides the economical & social status of the workers. The circulation of local newspaper like Gavkari was highest before ten years ago. Deshdoot was at second place. After entry of sakal, Lokmat & other news papers, this scene changed. At present, Lokmat is

' ''I ihighest circulated in maharshtra, & in Nasik also. Sakal is at second position. It ranks second in state & Nasik followed by Gavkari, Deshdoot, Bhramar. Regional newspapers' quality & service have affected the circulation of local news papers which is decreasing day by day. 1* The Auditor's report state wheather he has obtained all the information and explanation which to the best of his knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of audit. Local newspapers does not get audit their circulation regularly. 5. Teciionoigy and Machniery Regional newspapers are using modern machinery for job works & newspaper. The scanners for photographs, computers, printing machines, printers, camera, packing machines, news network machinery, all are of high quality. Photographer of sakal have digital camera costing Rs. More than fifty thousand. Photographers of local newspaper don't have such own camera. There is facilty of mobile teleconference in sakal. The local news papers have shortage of modern machiners & equipments. So, they can't compete with regional newspapers. Old machinery is affecting the quality of the newspapers. It is creating hazards in communications.

r Companies Act 2000.,Taxman Allied Services.New Delhi, P. 227.

115 6. Sub editors and Reporters The circulation of newspaper very much depends upon the editorial department & reporting wing. If subeditors are skilled, trained , intelligent and reporters are always alert, then circulation increases without much efforts. The editorial & reporting wing of regional news papers' is exeilent & alert. Subeditor are highly educated. They know the news value -Sc placement of the news. They are controlling and guiding urban & rural reporters. So, generally news is not missied. Though it is missed, reporters are fired by the authority. This kind of alertness is not there in local newspapers. Even though the important news is not appeared, the reporters & subeditors are not fired. So, mistake take place again and again 7. Management & Organisation There is scientific managem,ent & organisation in regional newpapers. It is absent in local newspapers. There are meetings of each department which helds reguluarly. The work .done in the week is reviewed, the report is sent to higher authority. These authority sends it to the top management. Discipline, standing orders are Mary Follet has idetified Management has been called the art of getting things done through people. 1* strictly followed. So, who is responsible to whom, who shall reports to whom & whom shall give the ordes to whom is clear. Organisation is also scientific. There are branches & regional offices of regional news papers. They are connected to each other. Regional units have chief manager, & departmental wise authority. Editorial department have chief editor. Executive editor, Assitant & news editors, chief & sub editors chief repoters. This system is not existed in local nevjs papers , which is affecting work and it's quality.

1* Stoner James,Management, Prentice Hall of India, Delhi,1996, p. 7 .

116 ; 8.; Higher and Eduated Class of Readers /'Well educated, middle & upper economical class society prefers regionl newspapers, while senior citizens purchase local new papers. Their old relationship with local newspaper is the main reason Government servents, intellectual people gives preference to regional newspapers. Drivers, middle businessmen , people who does not understand quality, purchase the local newspapers. Sportspersons, college students, citizens of other districts residing in Nasik gives preference to regional newspapers. People from Jalgoan, Dhulia, Nadurbar, Aurganabad purchase Lokmat while people from Pune, Nagar, Mumbai, solapur, ,Aurangabad etc. gives preference to sakal People from Mumbai, Thane, Raigad, Ratanagiri, gives preferance to Maharashtra Times, Losatta, Navakal, Navashakti. 9. Attitude of the society towards newspaper Many people in Nasik accept the fact that sakal is qualitative newpaper & provides all kind of material. It's printing & news quality is the best. Their opinion regarding Lokmat, maharashtra times, Loksatta, ( which are regional news paers ) is same as sakal . Readers thinks that local newspapers like Gavkari, can be read within five to ten minutes as it contains more advertisements . Other local news papers are only informative & not qualitative. As per servey conducted by this research student, senior people clarified that local newspapers should improve the quality of printing, lay out . All kinds of news should be provided to the readers. Then only it can compete with regional newspapers . 10. Attitude of the Government. , As regional news papers covers large sector of the society, it gives wide ' pulicity to the government's welfare programmes . So, important advertisement appears in regional newspapers. Many local news papers in Nasik are run only for government advertisements . Some newspapers

117 are not working but the government record & advertisement, it is shown that they are in working. If any news is appeared in local newspaper, government offices does not believe in it quickly. But if it appears in sakal, these offices belives it quickly. Because that news is balanced, true & qualitative one. The regional news papers' relationship with govrnment is healthy. 11. Social Resposibility & Accountability Newspaper is not mere profession but it is mission also. It can solve problems quickly. It force the concerning authority & department to take cognizance of the complaints of the people. Regional newpapers are doing this job. r Sakal is social responsible people newspaper. It formed a fund to help the people. When Panshet Dam tragedy occured it's flood water damage the machinery of Sakal. To remove the water Sakal broughts electric pumps from America. Even that grave condition Sakal fund gave helping hand to the people Local newspapers are also not behind in this work, But they are not going deep & does not cover many problem seriously. At the time if any calamity, regional newspapers collcets funds for the affected people e.g. Kargil war, Marathwada earthquake, Gujrat earth quake. Local newspapers are also doing this work now a days. But the response to the regional newspapers is more. 12. Area of operation Regional news papers are chain news papers. They are circulated in the state & even abroad also. Most of all these news papers have started their website. The news appeared in regional newspaper is read all over the state & even in the world. Local newspapers' area of circulation is limited Its ' economical condition is weak, so they can't set up such large net work. But local newspaper like Gavkan & Deshdoot have started their internet web site & circulating newspaper copies in other districts also.

118 Table No.13 Circulation of Local NewsPapers in Nasik City (Figures collected from Newspaper Agents)

Sr.No News Paper Circulation per day (In Thousands) 1 Gavkari 30,000 to 40,000 2 Deshdoot 30,000 to 35,000 3 Bhramar 4,000 to 5,000 4 Rambhoorri closed down 5 Lokshahi Aghadi 500 to 800 6 Daily Manav 0100 to 0500 (started in Jan-2003) 0100 to 0300 7 Apia Mahanagar 500to1000 8 Uladhal 1000 to 2500

The above table shows that local Marathi newspapers' total circulation is not more than 70,000 per day. The circulation of regional newspaper is twice than it. It should be noted that none of the local newspaper appeared in ABC report published in 2002. Even oldest newspaper Gavkari which claims number one, did not appear in ABC due to non-fulfillment of certain conditions. Circulation of Deshdoot in Nashik is merely about 35 thousand Evening dailies like Bhramar, Apia Mahanagar & Daily Manav could not raise their circulation as expected. The reason i& declining reading habbit.

119 Table No.14 Circulation of Regional Newspapers in Nasik ;( Figures of Lokmat & Sakal is derived from ABC report published in Dec- '2,002. Figures of other newspapers are not mentioned in ABC. Hence they are collected from News paper Agents.)

Sr. per day No. (In thousands) 1 Lokmat 56,000 2 Sakal 55,000 3 Loksatta 3,000 to 5,000 4 Maharashtra Times 3,000 to 5,000 5 Samana 3,000 to 5,000 6 Punya Nagari 5,000 to 7,000 7 Navakal and 2000 to 3000 8 other 2000 to 3000

ABC Report published in December 2002 shows the above picture. The above chart shows that the there is a great influence of regional newspapers on readers in Nashik. The main reason is superior quality than local newspapers. The total circulation of regional newspapers is above 1,25,000 copies per day. The figures varies as per the events But it is clear that the total circulation is twice than local newspapers. All most all the regional newspapers appear ABC report which publishes after every six months. The circulation of regional newspapers is raising while local newspapers are fighting for it.

120 Table No.15 YEARS COMPLETED & PRICE OF NEWSPAPERS IN NASIK

NEWSPAPER PRICE YEARS In 1997 In 2003 Gavkari Rs. 2.00 Rs. 2.50 60 Deshdoot Rs. 2.00 Rs. 2.50 30 Bhramar 00.50 Re. 1.00 27 Nashik Sakal Rs. 2.00 Rs. 2.50 13 Uladhal Re. 1.00 Re. 1.00 10 Lokshahi Aghadi Re. 1.00 Rs. 2.50 8 Nashik Lokmat Rs. 2.00 Re. 1.00 7 Daily Manav Re. 1.00 1 Ram Bhoomi Rs. 2.00 closed

It should be noted that Prices of Gavkari, Lokmat, Sakal & Deshdoot are same because the managers of these newspapers sat together in 1999 & signed an agreement to fix the price at Rs 2.50 per copy. The price of small newspapers like Bhramar, Manav, Lokshakshi, Aghadi, Uladhal is Vv^ithin the reach of common man. From the above table, it is clear that Gavkari is oldest newspaper followed by Deshdoot, Bhramar & Sakal. Lokmat started after these important newsapaper but now is at first place.

121 Table No.16 Total weeklies In Nasik District as on 31st March 2002. {Source:- Directorate of Economics & Statistics,Nasik Branch) Table showing weeklies published from each Tahasil Tahasil Marathi Hindi English Other Total tNo. < ) Nashik 36 5 4 7 52

1 , 2 Peth 2 - - 2

3 Dindori 2 - - - -

4 Surgana 1 - - - 1

5 Kalwan 1 - - - -

6 Baglan 2 - - - 2 7 Malegaon 12 6 - 17 35

8 Chandwad - - - - -

9 Nandgaon 9 - - - 9

10 Yeola 2 - - - 2

11 Niphad 5 - - - 5 12 Sinnar 4 - 4

13 Igatpuri 4 - - - 4

14 Trimbak 2 - - - 2

15 Devia - - - - - Total 82 11 4 24 121

Note; From the above table it is clear that Dindori, Kalwan,Chandwad, DevIa, doesn't have dailies or weeklies. From Nasik ,52 weeklies are published .while Malegaon rank second having 35 weeklies followed by Nandgaon.

122 Table No. 17 Total Dailies in Nasik District as on 31st March 2002. (Source:- Directorate of Economics & Statistics,Nasik Branch)

Table showing number of Dalles publishing from each Tahsil Sr. Tahasil No.of Marathi Hindi English Other Total No Printers Language 1 Nashik 205 14 4 2 0 20

2 Peth 4 - - - - 4

3 Dindori 7 - - - - 7

4 Surgana 4 - - - - 4

5 Kalwan ------

6 Baglan ------

7 Malegaon 56 10 5 - 5 20

8 Chandwad ------

9 Nandgaon ------

10 Yeola - - - - - ••

11 Niphad ------

12 Sinnar ------

13 Igatpuri ------

14 Trimbak ------

- - - - - 15 Devia -

Note : From above Table it is clear that dailies are published only from Nasik & Malegaon Tahasil.

123 Table No.18 Suppliments of Local Dally News Papers In Naslk. ( Suppliments of the year 2003 )

Paper 1 Mon. Tue. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat. Sun. Sakal Scien News News Movie News News All ce + Suppli Suppli Supplim Suppliment Subjects Econo ment ment ent + Mahuva mics Lokmat News News Movie News News Yuth All Suppli Suppli s & Suppli Supplim Subjects ment ment Arts ment ent Desh News News Movie Najrana Agriculture All doot , Suppli Suppli Subjects ! ment ment Bhramar Nil Nil Nil - - - L'shahi - Aghadi ;

Manav ------

Uladhal , ------

1

NOTE There is no suppliment of Bhramar, Manav, Uladhal , Lokshahi Agahadi. These newspapers are enjoy holiday on Sunday.

124 Graph No.6 Circulation of newspapers in Nasik in 1997. In this year Lokmat started it's Nasik Edition, which changed the situation.

(Figures collected from ABC issue of 1996)

onnnn oUUUU

70000 - 64770

60000 - 56705

50000 -

40000 -

30000 - 2650 3 26140 20000 -

10000 - 3400 1 1 n -- 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -• 1 -7 Lokma t (j a vkari D eshdc)0 t Sakii l Bhramar

Note: A) In the very first year of launching Nashik edition, Lokmat achieved the first position. The reason behind it was that it sold the copy at Rupee one for one year. While the price of other newspaper was Rs. Two per copy. 2) The figures of Deshdoot & Bhramar didn't appear in ABC. So, they were collected from the newspaper agents. 3) From the above situation it is clear that there is tussle between Deshdoot & Sakal for third place.

125 Graph No.7 Circulation of first five Dailies in Nasik as on December 1995. (Figures appeared in ABC issue of Dec. 1995)

50000 - 41 000 40000 -

30000 - 29663 22540 - 20000 -

10000 - 3012 2100 0 - 1 1 1 Gavkari Deshdoot Sakal Bhramar Rambhumi

Note:

1) Figures of Gavkari did not appeared in the issue of ABC December 1995. So, it was collected from the agents. 2) Same is the case of Bhramar & Rambhumi because they are not the member of ABC. 3) Sakal which started in 1989, progressed surprisingly. In 1990, it's it's circulation was 9015. But in 1995 it is 27,663. On X axis is year of ABC circulation. On Y axis number of circulation in thousands.

126 Graph No.8 Circulation of first five Newspapers In Naslk In December 2002.

00.000 - 90,000 - 80,000 - 70.000 -

60,000 - 56,342 550.14 50,000 - 40,000 ^ 37,80 3 30 IOC) 30.000 - 20,000 -

10.000 - 4200

0 - 1 1 I , 1 i Lokmat Sakal Gavkari Deshdoot Bhramar

Note : 1) Figures of Gavkari, Deshdoot & Bhramar are collected from the newspaper agents, as these newspapers did not appear in the ABC Report of Dec. 2002. 2) Lokmat & Sakal appeared in ABC report. This graph shows that there is tussle between these two newspapers. The circulation of these two newspaper is increasing even though they increased their prices.-

!27 Graph N0.9 Circulation of first five newspapers in Nasik in 1990. (As per ABC issue of 1990)

'*?f)nnn

45000 - 40000 - !

35000 - 31519 30000 - 26638 ' 25000 -

20000 -

15000 -

10000 - 9015

5000 - 2015 2000 n 1 1 1 1 u 1 1 1 1 (javka r i D eshdoc3 t Sakal Bhramar Rambhumi

Note : 1) In 1990, Gavkari was the largest circulated daily in Nashik while Deshdoot was at second place. Sakal group started it's Nashik edition in 1989 So it's circulation was nine thousand only. Bhramar which is the evening daily could raised the circulation upto two thousand copies per day. 2) Figures of the Bhramar & Rambhumi is derived from newspaper agents. Because it is not the member of ABC.

128 Graph NO.IO Comparative Circulation of Regional and Local Newspapers In Nasik As on 31-12- 02

\J\Jy\J\J\J 56,000 5500C)

50,000 -

40,000 - 38000

30000 30,000 -

:, 20,000 - - i liooo -

1 5000 5000 5000 4000 1000 0 - —fh- H • ''^yy °"'<• "'^^ .A^^ y.r^ /^^

Note : 1) In Nasik, the total circulation of regional newspapers Lokmat, Sakal, Loksatta, Maharashtra Times & others is more than 1,25,000 per day. 2)The total circulation of Local newspaper Bhramar, Deshdoot, Gavkari & other is not more than 55,000 per day.

129 Graph N0.11 Rise of Nasik Sakal since it's launching in 1989 till 2002

55(114 55000 -

51462 50419 50000 -

45000 -

40000 - •5%'n

35000 - 329'!6

30000 -

2614(1 2500u - 2-t )5 216% 20000 -

15521 bOOO - ll(lf>4

10000 - 9<)l^ '^'"'^

5000 -

0 -

,# ,c?^ ^^ ^^ ^cP^ /' ,c?^ ,cP^ ,0?=^ ,c?? ^^^^ ^^^^ ^#

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130 NEWSPAPER AGENTS IN NASIK

'. '- Newspaper agents are the important factor of the newspaper industry' Without this factor, circle of the business of newspaper can't complete. Newspaper agents have sub agents & hawkers. Newspaper agents gets particular commission on the selling of newspapers. Besides this, the agents gets other facilities like free stalls, caps, rain coats etc. If these agent calls strike, newspapers can't reach at the doors of the readers. Newspaper industry suffer heavy losses. Like advertisement agencies, newspaper agents have also their own organisation. This organisation works on city & district level as well as state & national level. The election helds on regular basis. There may be disputes, separate organisation of these agents. Newspaper agent s are hard workers. They wake up early in ' the morning, despatch the newspapers to the readers before sunrise. Now days they uses their vehicle for selling purposes. If a newspaper doesn't reach to the stall, agent refuses to purchase it. So, it is the hard effort of every newspaper management that the newspaper should reach the stall within time. Circulation manager as well as editorial department is held responsible in case of late.

When an important event like war, earthquake, flood, election, accident is there, newspaper gets more demand from the readers. But many times it happens that newspaper copies are not sold out by the agents. This is returned to the newspaper office. That office accepts it. But there is condition that newspaper agent should sell particular copies dispatched to him, he should not return the total copies to the office. In Nasik city only there are 500 hundred-newspaper agents. In district the number is less i.e. 150. In Dhulia there are 100 agents while in Jalgaon 180 and in Nadurbar 75. In Nasik city, there are four division of these agents. Each division have sperate organisaion. In nasik city Rasmesh Mahale is the president and sunil Bunge is the vice president.

131 Newspaper agents in Nasik are scattered all over the city. Some of the agents are experienced in this business. They are working since last thirty years. There are various organisations of these agents in the Nasik city. They are working in suborns. Thei" unity is very strong. Each agent gets 30 percent commission on every copy, e.g if the price is Rs.2, agent will get 60 paise commission. Many time newspaper agents harashes the management of the newspaper, e.g. on the occasion of Ranga Panchami & Holi, newspaper agents don't purchase newspapers. They enjoy holiday which results in heavy loss to the newspaper management. Newspaper agents in Nasik are very united. But some time this power is used for bad purpose. Here one best example can be mentioned. Times group (Times of India, Maharashtra Times) didn't fulfil the demand of the newspaper agents regarding the commission. So, these agents robbed the vehicle, which brought the parcel from Mumbai to Nasik. The case of robbery was lodged with the police station against the agents. The matter appeared before the court. In February 2003, court freed the newspaper agents from the allegation of robbery. Because the intention of robbery was not proved. On 6"^ march 2003, agents from Nasik road did not picked up the parcel of Lokmat newspaper for demand of commission. They protested against the injustice by Lokmat. .; From these examples, we can say that newspaper agents may use their l^ower to harash the newspaper management. So, to avoid such occasions & problems, management of every newspaper tries to keep good relationship with the agents. Management provides them free stall, caps, raincoats etc. Management of Sakal newspapers have availed the facility of group insurance to the agents which was the need of hour. Some newspapers and agents are engaged in malpractice also. Agents are encouraged to sell the copy of particular newspaper. For this job they get handsome commission. Copies of other newspapers are hidden by

132 these agents. Some times he replies to the readers that your newspaper didn't print today Some times he replies to the readers that your newspaper did not circulated today. Some agents in Nasik dump copies of particular newspaper to the reader instead of reader's regular newspaper. Because the agents get commission for it besides his regular commission Very few newspaper agents in Nasik are loyal to their business & do not engaged in malpractice. Newspaper agent in Nasik gets five to six holidays every year. For the remaining period, he has to manage that the newspaper is reached at the hands of reader. He makes hard effort for it. Nespaper Assocition of Maharashtra have opposed to the foreign investment in Indian print media. In January 2003, this orgainsation announced that it would oppose the proposed move of the government. This example shows that these agents are not only loyal to their profession but also to the nation.

133 Appendix No.6

War Between Newspaper & Newspaper Agents

Newspaper agents is the important factor in the growth of any newspaper, If this factor is not satisfied, it can do anything. Newspaper agents in Nashik boycotted on Lokmat newspaper for certain genuine reasons mentioned in the following advertise dated 02/04/2003 Management of Lokmat arranged for the distribution of newspapers on that day. This example shows what kind of war can take place between agents & newspaper.

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134 Appendix No.7

Pressure Tactis Of Newspaper Agents In Nasik

Newspaper has to work under many pressure Newspaper agent is one of those factor. Following news paper published in every local newspaper in Nashik dated 18/01/2003 shows that for their demand newspaper agents can do anything In the said news these agents were charged for robbery They looted the parcel of Times group & burned it. But due to some reasons newspaper agents were cleared by the court of Law.

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135 ADVERTISING AGENCIES IN NASIK

Newspaper can't be run without advertise. The main revenue of the newspaper does not come from selling the copies but from advertisements. Almost all the newspapers are surviving only due to advertise. Before five years ago the ratio between advertise & news was 40 percent advertise & 60 percent news. Due to increase in cost of production, the ratio is now 50 percent each. So, from this example, one can know the importance of advertise. A newspaper without advertise can't run for more days Commercial, government, semi government, classified, window display, colour, black white, solous etc. are the kinds of advertise. If a news paper is chain news paper, it gets more advertise because it's circulation is more. The client issue the advertise after considering the circulation of that newspaper. The rate for each kind of advertise is fixed, concession is there, commercial rate is more than government advertise. The rate of government is fixed by the DAVP, which is an government institution. There are organisations of advertising agencies from district to national level. They are the forcing factor on newspapers. Nasik is rapidly developing city. It is the third largest industrial city after Mumbai & Pune. It is great religious & historical place. Political developments are also important. In case of grapes corp, Nasik district is ranked first not only in the state but also in the country. All these things increased the business, boosteo the industry. Every year, there is total twenty crore rupees business in the field of Nasik advertising field. There are total 42 advertising agencies in Nasik city. The nature of these agencies is publicity cum advertising. There are four daily news paper like Sakal, Lokmat, Gavkari & Deshdoot, while four evening dailies are Bhramar, uiadhai. Apia Mahanagar & Manav. All these are connected with advertising agencies.

136 Advertising should endeavour to gain the goodwill of the public on the basis of merits of goods or services advertised but this is not followed by Advertise Agencies in Nashik. r In Nasik , Baste's Advertising And Management services is the only agency which have accrediation card. There are total 72 advertising agencies, out of which only 12 are running on regular basis. Remaining are working on publicity basis. Product based advertise are very less in Nasik. , Mostly all the advertise are related to the political development, ceremony, I'price distribution etc. The first top advertising agencies in Nasik are as ! follows il I ' .1) Nasik Advertising run by Pramod Bhragvey 2) Ankur publicity by Subhas Gandhi 3) N. Raka Advertiser by Nitin Raka 4) Kulkarni Publicity by Charudatta Kulkarni 5) Baste's Advertising & Management services. AS per Indiam News paper society's regulation, these above agencies get 15 percent commission from the newspapers. They also get 5 percent more as well as other incentives, schems. The total commission goes beyond 20 percent. Each agencie's turnover is form Rs. One lakh to 20 Lakh per year. From the advertising agencies, each news paper gets huge business, so the relationship with each agency is harmonial. Sakal gets nearly two crore business form advertising agencies in Nasik every year. Lokmat gets two crore & fifty lakh while Gavkari which is the oldest news paper in the city, gets three crore every year. Deshdoot gets one crore & 60 lakh, while Times of India gets one crore. If the customer offers full page advertise, he does not need to pay the rate per centimeter per column, which the amount goes in lakhs. This system finds only in Nasik. The full page rate of the Lokmat is 35 thousand, Gavkari 40 thousand & Sakal 35 thousand. 1* Keval Kumar,Mass Communication In India ,Jaico Publication,NewDelhi,1982,p.174

137 The commission of advertising agencies is not included in this. Deshdoot charges Rs. 15 to 20 thousand for full-page ad. Lokmat & Sakal are the top dailies in Mhaharashtra. But due to wrong traditions in advertising & news paper business in Nasik, they are forced to charge very little amount which is the huge loss of space & money. The chain news papers like Sakal, Lokmat, Loksatta have pacakage rate. It means, if a client gives advertise for the other editions or through out the state, he gets concession. But the owner of the Gavkari & Deshdoot resides in Nasik. So they doesn't apply package rate, they compromise at any cost. The election of the advertising agencies in Nasik held on 21st January 2003. The name of this organisation is Nasik Advertising Agencies welfare Association. Director of Pingle Publicity, Motiram Pingle was elected president of the organisation. Director of Madhyam Ad., Mangesh •Bhdange was elected as General Secretary. Other office bearers are as follows: Deputy President - Subhas Gandhi of Ankur publicity & Rajendra Ahire of Arti Ad. Secretary - Mahesh Kalantri of Shree Shubha Ad. Treasurer - Kailas Parkhe of Vaishnavee Ad. Organiser - Prashant Takare of Pacific Ad & V.T, Rajole of Rajole Ad. Members - Anil Agnihotn of Manish Ad, Rajendra Sheike of Sailee Ad. Mangesh Kharwandikar of Mangesh Ad, Sachin Gite of Shree Ad. Goutam Surana of Surana Publicity, Nitin Raka of N. Raka. This association is not registered. The decision was taken to register the association. So, we can say that there is no unity of these agencies. There are demerits & ill traditions in the business of advertising in Nasik. To accept the advertise below the standard rate, free advertise on a single advertise, paid news instead of advertise, turning the business etc. are the demerits.

138 Demerits Of Advertising Agencies & Newspaper

1. Compromise at any rate There is a standard rate of advertise of each news paper. But in Nasik, news paper like Gavkari & Deshdoot accepts the advertise at any rate. So, the customer & advertising agency is benefited but there is loss of business. The chain nev^/s papers like Sakal, Lokmat, Loskatta offers package rate for the state level ad or ad (advertise) for other editions. But the Gavkari Deshdoot, accepts the advertise at any rate. 2. Paid news instead of Advertise Paid news means publicity of news by paying bribe. Actually there is no need of money to publish the news. The question of paid news arises at the time of general election, Muncipal & Zillaparishad elections. The corrupt condiates offer money & get published the news as he like. For this purpose he pays money at advertising rate. This business is not mentioned in the regular accounts. It means it is black money which goes in the pocket of owner of the news paper. 3. More commission than rule Indian News Paper Society have laid down rules for the commission by news paper to the advertising agercies. The commission is 15 percent on the advertise. But local news papers like Gavkari & Deshdoot, gives more than 15 percent commission. They also gives incentives to the advertising agencies. 4. Pressure for the news There is no direct relationship betv/een advertise & news . But Advertising Agencies in Nasik & in other cities also, put pressure on the management of news paper to publish the news related with that advertise, if the news paper does not publish the news, then next time the agencies does not give advertise to that news paper.

139 5. Pressure for more commission There is standard rule of commission to the Advertising Agencies. It is 15 percent per advertise. But if an advertise give more money, then that time advertising agencies in Nasik demand more commission. If the news paper does not agree, then the advertise goes to other news paper. Due to fear of loss of business, news paper gives more commission. 6. Turning the business If a client approaches to the news paper for a big advertise, that time some news paper like Gavkari & Deshdoot shows that advertise in the ,' i', .name of particular advertising agency. That agency get commission without any effort. Besides, that agency get publicity. Next time that agency gives advertise only to that news paper. This is called turning the business 7. Unwritten Agreement An advertise representative is one who is employed by publishers to secure business. Some are employed under contract & some bound to devote his sen^/ices to the employer. 1* Some news papers makes an unwntten agreement with advertising agencies The news paper published , the news given by advertising agencies, through out the year, so, there is continous business to the news paper as well as advertising agencies 8. Kick Back commission The news paper gives 15 percent commission to the advertising agencies for the advertise. But some time the advertising agencies gives more than 15 percent commission to the client. So the advertising agencies gives , \ same commission received form news paper to the client. Next time the ' ' client gives business that advertising agencies only. This process is called ^,,''. kick back commission.

1* Lawson,R.G.,Advertise Law.Tata Mcgraw HillPub.,Delhi,1983, p.58.

140 TableNo.19 Advertising rates of news papers in Nasik.

News paper Ad. Rate (Rs. P.C.P.C.) Sakal 160 Lokmat 250 Gavkari 250 Deshdoot 180 Bhramar 050

Full page rate of advertise is as belows

News paper Rate in Rs. Sakal 35,000 Lokmat 35,000 Gavkari 40,000 Deshcioot 20,000

Total business of News Paper from Ad. In Nasik

Sakal Two crore Lokmat Two crore Sc-SO lakh Gavkari Three crore Deshcioot One crore 60 lakh Times of India One crore

141 Conclusion Newspapers from Pune, Mumbai inspired the journalist in Nasik to start news papers Freedom struggle also gave the inspiration. In Nasik distnct, Nasik Vrita was the first newspaper started by Trimbak Hari Kale in 1869. It used to publish on every Saturday National leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Nehru, Lokmanya Tilak were the ideal of the news papers in Nasik Today,Gavkari is the oldest marathi newspaper in Nasik.But it^s circulation has been reduced. Regional newspapers Lokmat and Sakal ranks top Bad quality of printing, wrong marketing policies, corrupt practices, shortage of funds, absence of quality are some of the reasons why local newspapers are behind regional newspapers. Regional newspapers have affected on many factors in the society including local newspapers. Advertising Agencies and newspaper agents are playing important factor in Nasik. : Regional and local newspapers having good relation with these factors.

1 i

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