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Appendix I Stage 1 Archaeology

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Appendix I Stage 1 Archaeology Schedule ‘C’ Environmental Assessment for 16th Avenue between Woodbine Avenue and York/Durham Line Appendix I Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Report Accessible formats are available upon request. Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Part of Lots 15 and 16, Concessions 4-10 East of Yonge Street (Former Township of Markham, County of York) City of Markham, Regional Municipality of York, Ontario ORIGINAL REPORT Prepared for: HDR 255 Adelaide Street West Toronto, ON M5H 1X9 Archaeological Licence #P128 (Hull) Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport PIF# P128-0157-2016 ASI File: 16EA-175 28 September 2017 Archaeological & Cultural ASI H e r i t a g e Se r v i c es 528 Bathurst Street Toronto, ONTARIO M5S 2P9 416-966-1069 F 416-966-9723 asiheritage.ca Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Part of Lots 15 and 16, Concessions 4-10 (Former Township of Markham, County of York) City of Markham, Regional Municipality of York, Ontario EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ASI was contracted by HDR to conduct a Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment (Background Research and Property Inspection) as part of the 16th Avenue Environmental Assessment. The EA will identify possible improvements to 16th Avenue to accommodate the current and future transportation needs of pedestrians, cyclists, transit users and motorists along this corridor. The project involves a study segment from Yonge Street to Woodbine Avenue and a study segment from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line. ASI has previously undertaken work for this study area under a cancelled EA. Both Stage 1 reports were submitted and accepted into the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport’s provincial register of reports on August 28, 2008. The current Stage 1 report includes updated data from these previous reports in order to meet current requirements. The study area included in this report is the segment from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line, within the City of Markham, Regional Municipality of York. The background research determined that 76 previously registered archaeological sites are located within one kilometre of the study area. A review of the historical and archaeological contexts of the study area also suggested that the study area has potential for the identification of Indigenous and Euro-Canadian archaeological resources, depending on the degree to which soils have been impacted. The property inspection determined that parts of the study area retain archaeological potential and require further archaeological assessment. In light of these results, the following recommendations are made: 1. Parts of the 16th Avenue study area beyond the existing right-of-way are considered to retain archaeological potential. These lands require Stage 2 archaeological assessment by test pit and/or pedestrian survey where appropriate, both at 5 m intervals, prior to any proposed impacts to the property; 2. The remainder of the study area does not retain archaeological potential on account of deep and extensive land disturbance, low and wet conditions, and slopes in excess of 20 degrees. These lands do not exhibit archaeological potential and therefore do not require further archaeological assessment; 3. Should the proposed work extend beyond the current study area, further Stage 1 archaeological assessment should be conducted to determine the archaeological potential of the surrounding lands. ASI Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Regional Municipality of York, Ontario Page ii PROJECT PERSONNEL Senior Project Manager: Lisa Merritt, MSc. (P094) Senior Archaeologist, Manager EA Projects (East) Environmental Assessment Division Project Coordinator: Sarah Jagelewski, Hon. BA (R405) Staff Archaeologist, Assistant Manager Environmental Assessment Division Project Director (Licensee): Katherine Hull, PhD (P128) Senior Archaeologist, Manager of Historical Archaeology Environmental Assessment Division Project Manager: Eliza Brandy, MA (R1109) Staff Archaeologist Field Director: Peter Carruthers, MA (P163) Senior Associate Report Preparation: Eliza Brandy Graphics: Blake Williams, MLitt (P383) Staff Archaeologist, Geomatics Specialist Report Reviewer: Lisa Merritt ASI Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Regional Municipality of York, Ontario Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ i PROJECT PERSONNEL ........................................................................................................................................ ii 1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Development Context ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Historical Context ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 Indigenous Land Use and Settlement ......................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Euro-Canadian Land Use: Township Survey and Settlement ........................................................ 4 1.2.3 Historical Map Review ................................................................................................................ 5 1.2.4 Twentieth-Century Mapping Review ........................................................................................... 7 1.3 Archaeological Context ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 Current Land Use and Field Conditions ....................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Geography ................................................................................................................................. 8 1.3.3 Previous Archaeological Research .............................................................................................. 9 2.0 FIELD METHODS: PROPERTY INSPECTION ............................................................................................. 12 3.0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................ 13 3.1 Analysis of Archaeological Potential ............................................................................................... 13 3.2 Analysis of Property Inspection Results .......................................................................................... 14 3.3 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 14 4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................................................................... 15 5.0 ADVICE ON COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION ....................................................................................... 16 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................................................. 17 7.0 MAPS ................................................................................................................................................ 22 8.0 IMAGES ............................................................................................................................................. 36 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line - Location of the Study Area............................ 23 Figure 2: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line study area (approximate location) overlaid on the 1860 Map of the County of York ............................................................................................................... 24 Figure 3: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line study area (approximate location) overlaid on the 1878 Map of the Township of Markham ................................................................................................... 25 Figure 4: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line study area (approximate location) overlaid on the 1930 NTS Sheet for Markham .................................................................................................................. 26 Figure 5: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line - Surficial Geology ......................................... 27 Figure 6: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line – Soil Drainage .............................................. 28 Figure 7: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results of Property Inspection (Sheet 1) ....... 29 Figure 8: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results of Property Inspection (Sheet 2) ...... 30 Figure 9: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results of Property Inspection (Sheet 3) ........ 31 Figure 10: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results of Property Inspection (Sheet 4) ..... 32 Figure 11: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results of Property Inspection (Sheet 5) ...... 33 Figure 12: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results of Property Inspection (Sheet 6) ..... 34 Figure 13: 16th Avenue Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line –Results
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