Birmingham & the Black Country Local Sites Assessment Report
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Birmingham & Black Country Local Sites Assessment Report EcoRecord Site Name Grid Reference Designation(s) Survey Date(s) Reference Wilderness Wood & 14/06/2018 & SA009 SP040949 SINC & SLINC Wilderness Lane 20/06/18 Planning Authority Site Ownership Area/Length Reason for Survey Report Date Sandwell Metropolitan Combined Area (SINC Potential New Nature Sandwell M.B.C 10/01/2019 Borough Council & SLINC): 6.41 ha Conservation Sites Meets LS Criteria SINC & SLINC (part) Type Wildlife i.e. Wildlife/Geological Amendment(s) Upgrade (part) i.e. None; New Site; Upgrade; Downgrade; Extension; Whole/Part Deletion Wilderness Wood should retain existing SINC status. The SINC boundary should be extended to include Description The Spinney (South) and the northern area of compartment 3. The southern area comprising the motorway embankment should retain SLINC Status. Citation (Summary of Value) The survey site located to the north-west of Great Barr, Sandwell, comprises 6.4 ha of semi-natural broadleaved / wet woodland, neutral grassland and remnant mature hedgerows. Wilderness Lane acts as a ‘stepping stone’ linking urbanised areas of Sandwell to Walsall’s remant countryside to the north. Wilderness Wood at the north of the site has interesting wet and flooded areas and may be an area of remnant ancient semi-natural woodland as this is depicted on historic maps dating to 1830. Historic features including hollow former excavated areas and a trackway occur in The Spinney (south), as well as remnant defunct mature hedgerows which historically defined the field boundaries of the former agricultural landscape. Local Site Selection Criteria Ecological There has been limited management work undertaken on site, therefore a mosaic of habitats of varying condition are present due to natural succession. The habitats present include mature Habitat Diversity H semi-natural broadleaved woodland with wet hollows and a stream, remnant mature hedgerows, planted and naturally regenerating woodland, as well as neutral grassland and tall herb. The habitats support a good range of flora and fauna including avian species such as Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita), Black Cap (Sylvia atricapilla) and Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos). Species Diversity M-H Seven Birmingham and the Black Country axiophyte species including Ramsons (Allium ursinum) and False Brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum) were recorded. UK BAP Habitats including Hedgerow and Wet Woodland are present on site, within the context Habitat Rarity H of Birmingham and the Black Country these habitat types are Uncommon to Rare. Much of the recorded flora and fauna are Very Common to Common in Birmingham and the Black Species Rarity L-M Country, however, a significant number of axiophytes and fauna species of notes have been recorded. Size or Extent M In the context of Sandwell’s Local Sites, Wilderness Lane is medium in extent. Most of the site is unmanaged resulting in regeneration of semi-natural woodland in the neutral Naturalness M-H grassland in the south west of the site. Some of the habitats are long-standing and native species dominate the site flora. Wilderness lane is positioned alongside the north of the M6 motorway with Red House Park to Position & the south, Sandwell Valley and open land of Hill Farm Bridge Fields (SLINC) to the west, open H Connectivity land of Peak House Farm to the north and Merrions Wood (LNR) and Great Barr Park (PSI) to the north and east. Geological Not assessed. Social The site is former farmland with evidence of excavations at the north of the site; it is close to Red Historical & Cultural M House Park to the south. Wilderness Wood and some of the remnant hedgerows are depicted on mapping from 1830 and may be ancient. The site can be accessed on the south-eastern boundary through the residential housing estate Access M at Greenhill Gardens. Physical access on site is difficult due to unmanaged vegetation. Aesthetic H The site forms an attractive semi-wooded screen alongside the motorway corridor. Previous surveys have been undertaken to document to the ecological value of the site and site Recorded History M-H features are recorded from at least 1830. Value for Learning M-H There is the opportunity for learning as Q3 Academy Great Barr is in close proximity to the site. Site Description Wilderness Lane is a 6.41 ha site situated to the north-west of Great Barr, Sandwell. The site has a range of maturing habitats including semi-natural broadleaved woodland, naturally regenerating woodland, neutral grassland and remnant hedgerow. A residential housing estate is positioned to the north-east of the site, as well as Junction 7 of the M6 to the east. The M6 motorway forms the southern boundary and is bounded by Wilderness Lane on the western side. Despite being located in a built-up setting Wilderness Lane functions as a ‘stepping stone’ linking urbanised areas of Sandwell to Walsall’s remant open countryside to the north and nearby designated sites. These sites include Red House Park (SLINC) located to the south, Sandwell Valley and open land of Hill Farm Bridge Fields (SLINC) to the west, open land of Peak House Farm to the north and Merrion’s Wood (LNR) and Great Barr Park (PSI) to the north and east. There does not appear to be a formal entrance, however, the site can be accessed by a desire line leading into the site on the south- eastern boundary off the residential housing estate at Greenhill gardens. Wilderness Wood at the north of the site has interesting wet and flooded areas and could possibly be an area of remnant ancient semi-natural woodland as this is depicted on historic maps dating to 1830. Historic features including formerly excavated areas and a trackway occur in The Spinney (south), as well as remnant defunct mature hedgerows, which historically defined the field boundaries of the former farmland. A stream runs through the semi-natural broadleaved woodland in the southern side of the site where Ramsons and Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) are present in the field-layer. Towards the southwest of the site rank neutral grassland and tall herb is present as a result of management work to control vegetation underneath the power lines which run parallel with the southern boundary. For the purpose of the survey the site was divided into three compartments which include; Compartment 1: Wilderness Wood Compartment 2: The Spinney (South) Compartment 3: Motorway embankment Habitats Phase 1 Name Broadleaved semi-natural woodland Phase 1 Code A1.1.1 Broadleaved semi-natural woodland is present at the northern boundary in compartment 1, dominates compartment 2 and the northern boundary of compartment 3. Compartment 1 Wilderness Wood has wet and flooded conditions with Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) and Silver Birch (Betula pendula) and Crack Willow (Salix euxina x alba = S.fragilis) in the damper areas. The understorey comprises of Hazel (Corylus avellana), Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), Holly (Ilex aquifolium) and Elder (Sambucus nigra) with Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.) and Bluebell dominant within the field layer. Wet areas have Yellow Iris (Iris pseudacorus) and previous surveys recorded the rare Marsh Cinquefoil (Potentilla palustris). The southern area of compartment 2 is comprised of Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), Beech (Fagus sylvatica), Wild Cherry (Prunus avium), Pedunculate Oak, Goat Willow (Salix caprea), Grey Willow (Salix cinerea), Common Whitebeam (Sorbus aria), Small-leaved Lime (Tilia cordata), Holly, Crab Apple (Malus sylvestris) and Elder; Pignut (Conopodium maius) is present within the field-layer. It is possible that some of the tree species within the southern area of compartment 2 are of planted origin but have naturalised as the trees are irregularly spaced. The canopy in the northern area of compartment 3 is largely dominated by coppiced Ash with mature Pedunculate Oak, Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and Field Maple (Acer campestre) with an understorey comprised of Hawthorn and Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea). Bluebell is abundant in the field layer, however, Cow Parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris), Ivy (Hedera helix) and Wood Avens (Guem urbanum) are of dominant abundance. Groundwater seepage provides damp conditions for Ramsons in the western area of the woodland compartment. Phase 1 Name Broadleaved plantation woodland Phase 1 Code A1.1.2 The southern and eastern boundary of compartment 3 comprises a linear section of dense broadleaved plantation woodland on a motorway embankment with species including Wild Cherry, Common Lime (Tilia.x vulgaris), Sycamore, Yew (Taxus baccata), Cherry Laurel (Prunus laurocerasus), Small-leaved Lime, Field Maple, Holly, Hazel and Elder. There is limited light penetration in the eastern area of the woodland resulting in the presence of shade tolerant field layer species including Ivy, Common Nettle (Urtica dioica), Herb Robert (Geranium robertianum), Wood Avens and Fringe cups (Tellima grandiflora). Phase 1 Name Semi-improved neutral grassland Phase 1 Code B2.2 In compartment 3 management work has been undertaken to prevent vegetation interfering with the overhead power lines that run parallel with the southern boundary of the site. This has resulted in an area of neutral grassland comprising of Yorkshire Fog (Holcus lanatus), Cock’s-foot (Dactylis glomerata), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra), Rough-Meadow grass (Poa trivialis), Crested Dogs-tail (Cynosurus cristatus), Soft Rush (Juncus effusus), Red Clover (Trifolium pratense), White Clover (Trifolium repens), Spear Thistle (Cirsium arvense), Common Cats-ear (Hypochaeris radicata), Creeping Buttercup (Ranunulus repens), Ribwort Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) and Greater Plantain (Plantago major). Towards the south western side of the site in compartment 2 there is an area of unmanaged rank grassland dominated by False Oat- grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), Yorkshire Fog, Broad-Leaved Dock (Rumex obtusifolius), White Clover, Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), Common Nettle, Creeping Buttercup and Birds Foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) with extensive encroaching Bramble. Phase 1 Name Continuous bracken Phase 1 Code C1.1 There is a dense stand of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) underneath the pylon at the eastern side of compartment 3.