2 Once a Caian... 07 Issue 6 FINAL

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

2 Once a Caian... 07 Issue 6 FINAL ISSUE 6 MICHAELMAS 2007 GONVILLE & CAIUS COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE The Royal Opening of the Stephen Hawking Building The Zebras of Trinity Street The Milton Grundy Gift Six in a Row for Caius Boat Club George’s Secret Key to the Universe From the Director of Development The main aim of Once a Caian…, when we introduced this magazine three years ago, was to increase and enhance links between Caians of all generations living and working all around the world. We are all part of the same community and share the privilege of belonging to this remarkable institution, a living continuum of scholarship and fellowship stretching back to the Middle Ages. All of us have benefited from our association with the College and as a result many have been fortunate to find themselves in a position to make a generous contribution to the wellbeing of future generations of Caians. In this, the sixth issue of Once a Caian… brought to you under the inspired editorship of Mick Le Moignan (2004), the mutual benefit to Caians and their College is celebrated. The Stephen Hawking Building, our award-winning new student accommodation in West Road, is only there because of the generosity of two thousand Caians and friends of the College. Many of these benefactors took great pride and pleasure in coming back to Cambridge to admire the results, both on the occasion of the Royal Opening by the Chancellor, HRH Prince Philip, and at our May Week Party for benefactors. In this issue we celebrate links between the College and the Caian community in many different ways, by commemorating our Catholic martyrs, through hearing about the relationship of the Cobbold family to the College and by enjoying another student escapade – the ‘Zebra Crossing’ prank. We congratulate both the Caius Boat Club on its sixth Mays Headship in a row and Andy Baddeley (2000), a world-class Caian athlete, who hopes for success in the Beijing Olympics. We also thank Milton Grundy (1944) for giving us an incomparable collection of modern paintings to hang in the Stephen Hawking Building and other parts of the College. We acknowledge, as illustrated in the article which introduces some new privileges for our benefactors, the great debt the College owes to Caians in all walks of life who are doing everything they can to support all aspects of a Caius education. Looking forward, Professor Paul Binski (1975) explains how essential that support is going to be to maintain the fabric of our historic buildings. Caians are increasingly aware of the vital role they play in ensuring that Caius is able to meet the many challenges of the future and for this the College is enormously grateful. Dr Anne Lyon (2001) Fellow “A gift to Gonville & Caius College counts towards the Cambridge 800th Anniversary Campaign” ...Always a Caian 1 Contents Nigel Luckhurst Liang Yao Yao Liang Yao 2 8 10 Yao Liang Yao Liang Yao John Giles/PA John 12 18 36 2 The Royal Opening of the Stephen Hawking Building 6 The Copley Medal – Martin Rees & Stephen Hawking (1965) At the 2007 May Week Party, Ralph Owen 8 Care and Restoration for our Heritage – Professor Paul Binski (1975) (1999) of the Development Office does his best to keep the champagne dry! 10 Commemoration of the Caius Martyrs – Dr John Casey (1964) 12 The Zebras of Trinity Street 14 George’s Secret Key to the Universe – the new book by Stephen and Lucy Hawking 16 “Each Man in his Time…” – an interview with Milton Grundy (1944) 18 The Milton Grundy Gift (1957) Eric Dickens 20 Publish and be Damned! 22 Cobbolds at Caius 24 The Bursary Team 26 The Annual Gathering – Dr Mike Cannon (1955) 28 Privileges for Benefactors 30 Return to Sender – Address Unknown 32 CaiMemories 34 Six in a Row for CBC & Launching the Simon Suess 36 A Golden Opportunity – Andy Baddeley (2000) Cover Photographs by Dan White and Nigel Luckhurst 2 Once a Caian... Dan White The Royal Opening of The Stephen Hawking is Royal Highness Prince were assembled in the Cavonius Centre by In a pre-recorded presentation on the big Philip came to Cambridge the time Prince Philip arrived and went on a screen, Professor Hawking explained that he on Tuesday 17 April 2007, tour of the building. He was shown around by had lived at the old Victorian villa on the site to celebrate the thirtieth the Master, Sir Christopher Hum (2005), the for fifteen years; he had brought up his anniversary of his becoming President, Professor Wei-Yao Liang (1963) and children and written his popular book A Brief HChancellor of the University and to perform the Director of Development, Dr Anne Lyon History of Time there and at first he was sad the official opening ceremony of the Stephen (2001), before meeting some students and to see it go. However, now that he had seen Hawking Building in the company of many Fellows as well as some of the key some of the 75 student rooms, eight Fellow’s Caius Fellows and Benefactors. Benefactors. sets, three supervision rooms and the Earlier, a hundred or so Caians and friends In the Cavonius Centre, the Master paid Cavonius Centre, he said “I’m very honoured of the College, whose exceptional generosity tribute to his predecessor as Master, Neil that this beautiful building will bear my made this building possible, enjoyed McKendrick (1958), and to around 2,000 name… It is, in my opinion, the best recent champagne in the Master’s Lodge before a Caian benefactors who gave more than building in Cambridge and I’m proud to be delicious lunch in Hall, where Fellows, £10million to fund this splendid new student associated with it.” Benefactors and those involved in the accommodation. Without their generous Prince Philip delighted the audience by construction process were able to discuss the support, he said, the building would not be announcing: “You’re about to see the world’s finer points of the new building. here today. Professor Stephen Hawking most experienced plaque-unveiler at work!” Everyone made their way over to West (1965) was unable to attend the event in and immediately demonstrated his prowess Road to see for themselves the distinctive person: the Master said it was “characteristic by revealing the plaque commemorating the serpentine shape of the building, the of his indomitable spirit of adventure that he occasion. He stayed in the Cavonius Centre inspiration for which was the welfare of the is in Texas, preparing for a flight into near- for some time to speak with Benefactors and magnificent Wellingtonia (Sequoia), Scots space, which will allow him to experience Fellows and congratulated everyone involved Pine and Copper Beech in the gardens. All weightlessness!” on a magnificent achievement. ...Always a Caian 3 Nigel Luckhurst Dan White The Stephen Hawking Building. Building Dan White Fellows and Benefactors enjoy a celebratory lunch together in Caius Hall. 4 Once a Caian... Nigel Luckhurst Nigel Luckhurst Lady Hum, the former Master, Neil McKendrick (1958), the Pro-Vice Chancellor (Education), Professor The President and the Master with the Chancellor Melveena McKendrick, the Catering Manager, Ed Davey (obscured) and Rita Cavonius (2004) share a joke on the balcony of the Fellow’s set occupied by with the Chancellor. Professor Simon Maddrell (1964). Nigel Luckhurst John Haines (1949), Annie Haines, David Heap (1954) and Margot Heap meet the Chancellor. Nigel Luckhurst Jonathan Horsfall Turner (1964), Bill Packer (1949), David Malcolm (1950), Dr Philip Marriott (1965) and James Arnold (1993) are presented to the Chancellor by Dr Anne Lyon (2001). ...Always a Caian 5 Dan White The Master presents Dr Jimmy Altham (1965), Professor Sir Alan Fersht (1962) and Professor John Mollon (1996) to the Chancellor. Nigel Luckhurst Dan White Nigel Luckhurst Dr Dino Giussani (1996), Mick Le Moignan (2004), Derek Ingram (1974) and The Chancellor with Rita Cavonius (2004). Professor James Fitzsimons (1946) with the Chancellor. The Chancellor chats with first-year students, Emma Brady, Sam Bishop and Dervla Lynchehaun (all 2006), the President, Professor Wei-Yao Liang (1963), the Director of Development, Dr Anne Lyon (2001), the Project Manager, Nick Pettit and the Vice-Chancellor, Professor Alison Richard. 6 Once a Caian... special dinner was held in Caius Hall on Tuesday 6 February 2007 to celebrate the latest success of the College’s much loved and most celebrated living Fellow, Professor Stephen Hawking (1965) – not his extraordinary journey into near-space, but the award of the Copley Medal for 2006. The Copley Medal is the oldest and most prestigious award of the Royal Society. First given in 1731, it is presented annually for outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science. Professor Hawking is the ninth in a list of distinguished Caian Professor Lord Rees, President of the scientists to receive the award, which Royal Society, In my first week as a graduate student at marked his outstanding contribution to Astronomer Royal Cambridge University, I met a fellow student, theoretical physics and cosmology. and Master of Trinity College, two years ahead of me in his studies; he was Members of Stephen’s family including presents Stephen ‘‘unsteady on his feet and spoke with great his mother, Isobel, and three children, Hawking with the difficulty. Robert, Lucy and Tim accompanied him to 2006 Copley Medal. This was Stephen Hawking. I learnt that the dinner. The guest of honour was he had a degenerative disease, and might not Professor Lord (Martin) Rees, live long enough to finish his PhD. But this President of the Royal year, he celebrated his 65th birthday. Mere Society, Astronomer survival would have been a medical marvel, Royal, Master of Trinity but of course he hasn’t merely survived.
Recommended publications
  • LESSON 3 Significant Aircraft of World War II
    LESSON 3 Significant Aircraft of World War II ORREST LEE “WOODY” VOSLER of Lyndonville, Quick Write New York, was a radio operator and gunner during F World War ll. He was the second enlisted member of the Army Air Forces to receive the Medal of Honor. Staff Sergeant Vosler was assigned to a bomb group Time and time again we read about heroic acts based in England. On 20 December 1943, fl ying on his accomplished by military fourth combat mission over Bremen, Germany, Vosler’s servicemen and women B-17 was hit by anti-aircraft fi re, severely damaging it during wartime. After reading the story about and forcing it out of formation. Staff Sergeant Vosler, name Vosler was severely wounded in his legs and thighs three things he did to help his crew survive, which by a mortar shell exploding in the radio compartment. earned him the Medal With the tail end of the aircraft destroyed and the tail of Honor. gunner wounded in critical condition, Vosler stepped up and manned the guns. Without a man on the rear guns, the aircraft would have been defenseless against German fi ghters attacking from that direction. Learn About While providing cover fi re from the tail gun, Vosler was • the development of struck in the chest and face. Metal shrapnel was lodged bombers during the war into both of his eyes, impairing his vision. Able only to • the development of see indistinct shapes and blurs, Vosler never left his post fi ghters during the war and continued to fi re.
    [Show full text]
  • Reflections and 1Rememb Irancees
    DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A Approved for Public Release Distribution IJnlimiter' The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II REFLECTIONS AND 1REMEMB IRANCEES Veterans of die United States Army Air Forces Reminisce about World War II Edited by William T. Y'Blood, Jacob Neufeld, and Mary Lee Jefferson •9.RCEAIR ueulm PROGRAM 2000 20050429 011 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved I OMB No. 0704-0188 The public reporting burden for this collection of Information Is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 2000 na/ 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Reflections and Rememberances: Veterans of the US Army Air Forces n/a Reminisce about WWII 5b. GRANT NUMBER n/a 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER n/a 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Y'Blood, William T.; Neufeld, Jacob; and Jefferson, Mary Lee, editors.
    [Show full text]
  • Canadian Airmen Lost in Wwii by Date 1943
    CANADA'S AIR WAR 1945 updated 21/04/08 January 1945 424 Sqn. and 433 Sqn. begin to re-equip with Lancaster B.I & B.III aircraft (RCAF Sqns.). 443 Sqn. begins to re-equip with Spitfire XIV and XIVe aircraft (RCAF Sqns.). Helicopter Training School established in England on Sikorsky Hoverfly I helicopters. One of these aircraft is transferred to the RCAF. An additional 16 PLUTO fuel pipelines are laid under the English Channel to points in France (Oxford). Japanese airstrip at Sandakan, Borneo, is put out of action by Allied bombing. Built with forced labour by some 3,600 Indonesian civilians and 2,400 Australian and British PoWs captured at Singapore (of which only some 1,900 were still alive at this time). It is decided to abandon the airfield. Between January and March the prisoners are force marched in groups to a new location 160 miles away, but most cannot complete the journey due to disease and malnutrition, and are killed by their guards. Only 6 Australian servicemen are found alive from this group at the end of the war, having escaped from the column, and only 3 of these survived to testify against their guards. All the remaining enlisted RAF prisoners of 205 Sqn., captured at Singapore and Indonesia, died in these death marches (Jardine, wikipedia). On the Russian front Soviet and Allied air forces (French, Czechoslovakian, Polish, etc, units flying under Soviet command) on their front with Germany total over 16,000 fighters, bombers, dive bombers and ground attack aircraft (Passingham & Klepacki). During January #2 Flying Instructor School, Pearce, Alberta, closes (http://www.bombercrew.com/BCATP.htm).
    [Show full text]
  • Supplement to the London Gazette, 13 June, 1957 3417
    SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 13 JUNE, 1957 3417 Squadron Leader John Henry LOWES, A.F.C. CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS (43936), Royal Air Force. OF KNIGHTHOOD. Squadron Leader John Alexander Gwynne St. James's Palace, S.W.I. TUCKER (168600), Royal Air Force. 13th June, 1957. To be Additional Members of the Military The QUEEN has been graciously pleased, Division of the said Most Excellent on 'the occasion of the Celebration of Her Order:— Majesty's Birthday, to approve the award of the Sq-uadron Leader Peter George COULSON, British Empire Medal (Military Division) to A.F.C. (55836), Royal Air Force. the undermentioned im recognition of distin- Squadron Leader Albert Hudson STREETER guished services in Hhe Operations in 'the Near (50422), Royal Air Force. East, October-December, 1956: — Squadron Leader David Rutherford WARE, D.F.C., A.F.C. (169023), Royal Air Force. 571157 Flight Sergeant John Cadinan Acting • Squadron Leader Arthur Vaughan HOUGHTON, Royal Air Force. HENSHAW (172788), Royal Air Force. 615276 Chief Technician Robert OVENSTONE, Flight Lieutenant Douglas BOURKE (518586), Royal Air Force. Royal Air Force. 610735 Acting Flight Sergeant Chades William Flight Lieutenant Stanley Albert WARING GOBLE, Royal Air Force. (137084), Royal Air Force. 531892 Acting Flighlt Sergeant Tom HARDING, Flying Officer John -White FRASER (1822429), Royal Air Force. Royal Air Force. 3083674 Sergeant Charles Albert BAILEY, Royal Air Force. 573204 .Sergeant Frederick Thomas CRUIKSHANK, Royal Air Force. CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS 1665220 Corporal Horace Owen SAINSBURY, OF KNIGHTHOOD. Royal Air Force. St. James's Palace, S.W.I. 13th June, 1957. The QUEEN has been graciously pleased, on the occasion of the Celebration of Her Majesty's Birthday, to approve the award of Admiralty, the British Empire Medal (Military Division) Whitehall, S.W.I.
    [Show full text]
  • Sunset for the Royal Marines? the Royal Marines and UK Amphibious Capability
    House of Commons Defence Committee Sunset for the Royal Marines? The Royal Marines and UK amphibious capability Third Report of Session 2017–19 Report, together with formal minutes relating to the report Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 30 January 2018 HC 622 Published on 4 February 2018 by authority of the House of Commons The Defence Committee The Defence Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Ministry of Defence and its associated public bodies. Current membership Rt Hon Dr Julian Lewis MP (Conservative, New Forest East) (Chair) Leo Docherty MP (Conservative, Aldershot) Martin Docherty-Hughes MP (Scottish National Party, West Dunbartonshire) Rt Hon Mark Francois MP (Conservative, Rayleigh and Wickford) Graham P Jones MP (Labour, Hyndburn) Johnny Mercer MP (Conservative, Plymouth, Moor View) Mrs Madeleine Moon MP (Labour, Bridgend) Gavin Robinson MP (Democratic Unionist Party, Belfast East) Ruth Smeeth MP (Labour, Stoke-on-Trent North) Rt Hon John Spellar MP (Labour, Warley) Phil Wilson MP (Labour, Sedgefield) Powers The committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publications Committee reports are published on the Committee’s website at www.parliament.uk/defcom and in print by Order of the House. Evidence relating to this report is published on the inquiry page of the Committee’s website. Committee staff Mark Etherton (Clerk), Dr Adam Evans (Second Clerk), Martin Chong, David Nicholas, Eleanor Scarnell, and Ian Thomson (Committee Specialists), Sarah Williams (Senior Committee Assistant), and Carolyn Bowes and Arvind Gunnoo (Committee Assistants).
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter AUTUMN 2014
    FoIM Newsletter -Autumn 2014 The Friends of the Ipswich Museums Newsletter AUTUMN 2014 © CIMS on behalf of IBC we look forward Our cover : The Assault on the Town of Oudenarde, Jan Peeter Verdussen (?) to promote the past FoIM Newsletter -Autumn 2014 The Friends of the Contents Ipswich Museums Editor’s Notes ---------------------- 3 Newsletter Chairman’s Letter------------------ 4 is published three times a year and Bill Seaman’s Column------------- 6 distributedfree to all members. The Friends Diary ----------------------- 7 FoIM was set up in 1934 to support the work and development of the Friends News----------------------- 8 Ipswich Museums: Ipswich Museum in Future Events----------------------10 the High Street, Christchurch Mansion Visit to Kent------------------------11 and the Ipswich Art School Gallery. Chagall Windows -----------------13 Since April 2007 the Ipswich Museums Geoffrey Pocock painting--------15 have been managed as part of the AnnaAiry ---------------------------15 Colchester and Ipswich Museum Conservation Corner -------------16 Service (CIMS). Assault on Oudenarde-----------19 Friends continue to provide financial Cobbold Book Review -----------21 support to the Ipswich Museums as Corporate Members ------------ 22 well as acting as volunteers. The The Committee--------------------23 Friends run outings, talks and other events for their members. Membership Information---------23 The Friends provide guided tours of the Mansion and Museum, including Advertisements: 3, 4, 14,18, 20, 21, 22 free Peeps into the Past at the Our advertisements are all from Mansion throughout most of the year. corporate members, please support Tours for groups can be booked by them. contacting the Mansion (01473 433554). FoIM is a member of the British Association of Friends of Museums, Cover Picture: The Assault on the Town of Oudenarde from the the Ipswich Arts Association and the Ipswich Collection—see Adrian Suffolk Chamber of Commerce.
    [Show full text]
  • The Spanish Civil War (1936–39)
    12 CIVIL WAR CASE STUDY 1: THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR (1936–39) ‘A civil war is not a war but a sickness,’ wrote Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. ‘The enemy is within. One fights almost against oneself.’ Yet Spain’s tragedy in 1936 was even greater. It had become enmeshed in the international civil war, which started in earnest with the Bolshevik revolution. From Antony Beevor, The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939 , 2006 The Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936 after more than a century of social, economic and political division. Half a million people died in this conflict between 1936 and 1939. As you read through this chapter, consider the following essay questions: Ģ Why did a civil war break out in Spain in 1936? Ģ How significant was the impact of foreign involvement on the outcome of the Spanish Civil War? General Francisco Franco, the Ģ What were the key effects of the Spanish Civil War? leader who took Nationalist forces to victory in the Spanish Civil War. Timeline of events – 1820–1931 1820 The Spanish Army, supported by liberals, overthrows the absolute monarchy and makes Spain a constitutional monarchy in a modernizing revolution 1821 Absolute monarchy is restored to Spain by French forces in an attempt to reinstate the old order 1833 In an attempt to prevent a female succession following the death of King Ferdinand, there is a revolt by ‘Carlists’. The army intervenes to defeat the Carlists, who nevertheless remain a strong conservative force in Spanish politics (see Interesting Facts box) 1833–69 The army’s influence in national politics increases during the ‘rule of the Queens’ 1869–70 Anarchist revolts take place against the state 1870–71 The monarchy is overthrown and the First Republic is established 1871 The army restores a constitutional monarchy 1875–1918 During this period the constitutional monarchy allows for democratic elections.
    [Show full text]
  • Raaf Personnel Serving on Attachment in Royal Air Force Squadrons and Support Units
    Cover Design by: 121Creative Lower Ground Floor, Ethos House, 28-36 Ainslie Pl, Canberra ACT 2601 phone. (02) 6243 6012 email. [email protected] www.121creative.com.au Printed by: Kwik Kopy Canberra Lower Ground Floor, Ethos House, 28-36 Ainslie Pl, Canberra ACT 2601 phone. (02) 6243 6066 email. [email protected] www.canberra.kwikkopy.com.au Compilation Alan Storr 2006 The information appearing in this compilation is derived from the collections of the Australian War Memorial and the National Archives of Australia. Author : Alan Storr Alan was born in Melbourne Australia in 1921. He joined the RAAF in October 1941 and served in the Pacific theatre of war. He was an Observer and did a tour of operations with No 7 Squadron RAAF (Beauforts), and later was Flight Navigation Officer of No 201 Flight RAAF (Liberators). He was discharged Flight Lieutenant in February 1946. He has spent most of his Public Service working life in Canberra – first arriving in the National Capital in 1938. He held senior positions in the Department of Air (First Assistant Secretary) and the Department of Defence (Senior Assistant Secretary), and retired from the public service in 1975. He holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree (Melbourne University) and was a graduate of the Australian Staff College, ‘Manyung’, Mt Eliza, Victoria. He has been a volunteer at the Australian War Memorial for 21 years doing research into aircraft relics held at the AWM, and more recently research work into RAAF World War 2 fatalities. He has written and published eight books on RAAF fatalities in the eight RAAF Squadrons serving in RAF Bomber Command in WW2.
    [Show full text]
  • The ETA: Spain Fights Europe's Last Active Terrorist Group
    The ETA: Spain Fights Europe’s Last Active Terrorist Group William S. Shepard One week after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pen- tagon on 11 September 2001, President George W. Bush marshaled the American people and allies of good will everywhere to a new course through his speech to Congress. In it, he resolutely condemned the attacks and promised sustained retribution. “It will not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped, and defeated,” he announced. The world knows that he was speaking of Osama bin Laden and his al Qaeda network, but shortly thereafter, media commentators posed the ques- tion whether all nations on the list that the United States says sponsor ter- rorism, including Iraq, Iran, Sudan, and Syria, were potential targets. Others wondered whether all organizations that the United States has officially con- demned as terrorist, including Shining Path in Peru and the Basque Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) in Spain and France, were included in the president’s announcement.1 The ETA had again been designated a foreign terrorist organization by the secretary of state on 5 October 2001. One way to move away from the terrorist label is to negotiate. It may be coincidental, but it struck me that on 26 September, just two weeks after the attacks, Palestinian chairman Yasser Arafat sat down for preliminary talks with Israeli foreign minister Shimon Peres. Furthermore, at least one well- known group took quick pains to disassociate itself from America’s potential 1. Sally Buzbee, “Nations Debate Who Terrorists Are,” Associated Press, 23 September 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Factors Affecting the German Decision Not to Invade the Iberian Peninsula, 1940-1945
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1958 Factors affecting the German decision not to invade the Iberian peninsula, 1940-1945 Gerard F. Rutan The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Rutan, Gerard F., "Factors affecting the German decision not to invade the Iberian peninsula, 1940-1945" (1958). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 2310. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/2310 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FACTORS AFFECTING THE GERMAN DECISION NOT TO INVADE THE IBERIAN PENINSULA, 1940-1945 by Gerard Francis Rutan B. A. Montana State University, 1957 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY 1958 Approved by: Chairman, Board of Examiners Dean, Graduate School AUG 1 81958 Date UMI Number: EP34253 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent on the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI EP34253 Copyright 2012 by ProQuest LLC.
    [Show full text]
  • Combined and Joint War During World War II: the Anglo-American Story 1
    Combined and Joint War during World War II: The Anglo-American Story 1 Williamson Murray The combined efforts of the Anglo-American Allies at the strategic level of war explain much about the effectiveness of their military efforts in eventually destroying their Axis opponents in the Second World War.2 Likewise the developing of joint capabilities in their military forces contributed significantly to Allied victory in the war. Admittedly, in the beginning there were considerable difficulties in forging at the beginning an effective Anglo-American response to the complex and difficult strategic and joint issues raised by the war. In effect, the political and military leaders of the alliance had to develop a true combined approach to their strategy and conduct of operations. Similarly the services had to develop concepts and organizational structures to make joint warfare effective. Both took time and effort. In the first years of the conflict, Allied air, sea, and ground forces found it difficult to cooperate in a fashion that maximized their military potential. Indeed, too many military historians have focused on the difficulties and quarrels that marked the development of Anglo- American combined strategy as well as the joint military operations their forces conducted.3 Nevertheless, the performance of the Anglo-American powers in both spheres of military endeavor stand in stark contrast to the performance of the three Axis powers at both the combined and joint levels throughout the terrible conflict. Before we turn to the Anglo-American picture, it might be useful to make a few comments about the Axis powers. First of all, one can certainly not speak of any efforts at a combined strategy that would have furthered the efforts of those three powers to overthrow the world order.4 In June of 1940, when Benito Mussolini’s Fascist Italy declared war on Britain and France, it did so while playing minimal attention to German desiderata.
    [Show full text]
  • A Cobbold Communion
    A Communion of Cobbolds This is a brief travelogue of two Cobbolds from Canada visiting England on the occasion of the 100th anniversary, and an associated gathering of the Cobbold Clan, to honour Felix Thornley Cobbold in the Ipswich Christchurch Mansion Museum on 16 October 2009. Entrance Hymn Tuesday Off we go…..13 October We, Richard T. C. (Dick) Cobbold and wife Jean (Jeannie) Cobbold (nee Potter), departed Ottawa and Toronto airports at 00dark on 13 October heading for London Heathrow airport. Philippa Burford (nee Cobbold), sister of Dick, met the arriving visitors and successfully navigated the rental car to her home in Wimbledon, accompanied by the dulcet tones of “Sheila” the GPS unit carried over by the visitors. Sheila had her own chosen path for the drive but with Dick, as driver, managing to bounce off only a few curbs with his “other-side North American driving proclivities” and following Philippa’s adroit shortcuts, Sheila’s incessant “recalculating” eventually converged at the chosen destination. At “Stonehenge” (1500 B.C. – Somewhat later) Wednesday…..A quick glass (it was past midnight by now), to bed, rise and breakfast, and it was off to Devon for Dick and Jeannie for an overnight visit with first cousin Constance Hiller (nee Cobbold, daughter of oldest of three Cobbold brothers Reynold, Robert and Temple, Dick’s father, sons all of Christian Chevallier and Olive Cobbold). Along the way the indomitable Sheila steered us through London’s SW outskirts, A3, M3, M25, M3 & A3 again etc onto the plains of Hampshire and Wiltshire, a touristy/photo stopover at Stonehenge, and on to the west of Honiton, the Colestocks home of cousin Constance and George Hiller, Stomorage by name.
    [Show full text]