Observations Upon a Model in Silver of the First Lighthouse Erected on the Eddystone Rocks
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Start Point to Plymouth Sound and Eddystone Candidate Special Area of Conservation
Version 1.5 January 2013 Start Point to Plymouth Sound and Eddystone candidate Special Area of Conservation Formal advice under Regulation 35(3) of The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 (as amended) Version 1.5 (January 2013) Page 1 of 46 Version 1.5 January 2013 Document version control Version Author Amendments made Issued to and date 1.5 Andrew Minor amendments following QA by Caroline Cotterell, (SRO Knights Caroline Cotterell Conservation Advice) 07/01/2013 1.4 Louisa Minor amendments following QA by Chris Davis, Senior Knights Mark Duffy Adviser (Reg 35 Conservation Advice) 20/09/12 1.3 Louisa Update references to Habitats Mark Duffy, Principle Knights Regulations throughout to reflect Specialist, 11/09/2012 recent Amendment of Regulation; addition of text explaining review process; amendments to standard text throughout. Minor revision of site specific text. 1.2 Louisa Amendments following technical QA Chris Davis, Senior Knights panel review. Adviser (Reg 35 Conservation Advice) 22/08/12 1.1 Louisa Checked against protocol, and minor Sam King, Senior Knights amendments made to section 4 Adviser (Reg 35 (advice on operations) text. Conservation Advice), Aug 2012 1.0 Louisa Amended from Prawle Point to Paul Duncan, Senior Knights Plymouth Sound and Eddystone Adviser (Reg 35 Version 3.1, to incorporate the Start Conservation Advice), Point to Prawle Point addition June 2012 Further information Please send comments or queries to: Andrew Knights Natural England Levels 9 and 10 Renslade House Bonhay Road Exeter EX4 3AW Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.naturalengland.org.uk Page 2 of 46 Version 1.5 January 2013 Start Point to Plymouth Sound and Eddystone candidate Special Area of Conservation Formal advice under Regulation 35(3) of The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 (as amended) (S.I., 2012)1 Contents 1. -
The Lighthouse Look, I Know We’Re at War, Your Country and Mine
The Lighthouse Look, I know we’re at war, your country and mine. But you French need this lighthouse just as much as the English! Does the Rock sink only British ships? Does it drown only English seamen?” Henry Winstanley The task was quite hard enough: working on a weed-slippery, wet rock, The Lighthouse battered by wind and sea, trying to sink foundations deep enough to raise up By Geraldine McCaughrean a tower. As it was, there were press- gangs roaming the South Coast in search of able-bodied men to kidnap. When one such gang paid a visit to the Eddystone Rock, Winstanley’s workmen were coshed and bound and carried off to serve as seamen in the Royal Navy – leaving nothing but a scattering of tools and timber. Winstanley recruited fresh workers... but few men dared take the job. Henry Winstanley designed During construction, Winstanley often playing cards and lived miles chose to sleep on site rather than waste time coming ashore. One night, he and from the sea. So he was not his builders were woken by the rhythmic the most obvious person splash of oars, the thud of a rowing to build a lighthouse. But boat pulling alongside the Rock. French whereas others tried and troops, muskets at the ready, came Eddystone Rock scrambling over the moonlit reef, barking gave up, Winstanley insisted commands at the sleepy, bewildered it was perfectly possible and English. For a few minutes it seemed as that he was the man to do it. if the entire construction team would be murdered where they huddled. -
Seas Safe for Centuries. These Wasn't Until the Early 18Th Century
Lighthouses have played a vital role wasn’t until the early 18th century in shining a light to keep sailors, that modern lighthouse construction fishermen and all who travel our began in the UK. An increased in seas safe for centuries. These transatlantic trade encouraged the buildings are iconic in their own building of lighthouses, their right, and are often found in some of purpose being to warn trading ships the most remote parts of the UK. against hazards, such as reefs and rocks. There are more than 60 Dating back to the Roman times, lighthouses dotted around the UK. Britain’s early lighthouses were often The charity Trinty House looks after found in religious buildings sat on many of these lighthouses to help hilltops along the coast. However, it maintain the safety of seafarers. Lizard Point Lighthouse in Cornwall is the site. It was granted, but with one the most southerly lighthouse on condition… At the time, the Cornish mainland Britain. It is a dual towered coast was rife with piracy and lighthouse off the Cornish coast and has smuggling, and so it was required that stood there since 1619. the light was extinguished when the enemy approached, for fear that it A local man, Sir John Killigrew, applied would guide the unwanted criminals for the first patent for a lighthouse on home. The first lighthouse was Egypt's Pharos of Alexandria, built in the third century BC. The lighthouse of Alexandria was made from a fire on a platform to signal the port entrance. Meanwhile, the world's oldest existing lighthouse is considered to be Tower of Hercules, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that marks the entrance of Spain's La Coruña harbor. -
Sailing to the Eddystone Lighthouse in a Traditional Dinghy
Sailing to the Eddystone Lighthouse in a Traditional Dinghy Expedition Report The Eddystone Lighthouse is on the Eddystone Rocks 10 nautical miles S by W of Plymouth Breakwater. History of the Eddystone The first lighthouse on the Eddystone Rocks was an octagonal wooden structure built by Henry Winstanley in 1698. During construction, a French privateer took Winstanley prisoner, causing Louis XIV to order his release with the words "France is at war with England, not with humanity". Winstanley's tower lasted until the Great Storm of 1703 during which it was destroyed taking Winstanley with it, who was working on the structure. Following the destruction of the first lighthouse Captain Lovett acquired the lease of the rock. By an Act of Parliament he was allowed to charge passing ships a toll of one penny per ton. A new lighthouse was built in 1709. This conical wooden structure around a core of brick proved more durable, surviving nearly fifty years. The third lighthouse was designed by John Smeaton. It was modelled on the shape of an oak tree and built of granite blocks. Smeaton pioneered hydraulic lime, a concrete that will set under water, and secured the granite blocks using dovetail joints and marble dowels. The light was lit in 1759. The lighthouse was dismantled in the 1880s and rebuilt on Plymouth Hoe where it stands today. The stub of the tower remains beside the current lighthouse as the foundations proved too strong to be dismantled and were left where they stood. The current, fourth lighthouse was lit in 1882. In 1982 it was the first Trinity House offshore lighthouse to be converted to an automated light. -
Eddystone Reef Camera Survey Summary Report 2014-2016
EDDYSTONE REEF CAMERA SURVEY SUMMARY REPORT 2014-2016 Stephen K. Pikesley Jean-Luc Solandt Colin Trundle Matthew J. Witt December 2016 All data remain copyright of the project partners. Maps or data within this report may not be used or referenced without the explicit written consent of the data owners. EDDYSTONE REEF CAMERA SURVEY SUMMARY REPORT 2014-2016 Executive summary The Eddystone Reef is part of the Start Point to Plymouth Sound and Eddystone Special Area of Conservation (SAC). In January 2014 management measures were introduced to prohibit bottom-towed fisheries from using key areas within the SAC, thereby creating a mosaic of protected areas within the SAC that may provide protection to vulnerable reef-associated species. Ideally, newly established protected areas should be monitored over time to observe change in biological communities attributable to adopted management strategies. This project is a collaborative partnership between the Marine Conservation Society (MCS), Cornwall Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority (CIFCA) and the University of Exeter (Penryn Campus) (UoE); funded by the Pig Shed Trust (2014-2016, and 2020) and Princess Yachts (2017-2019). This report details survey activities for the first three years of the project, 2014-2016. Drop-down camera surveys in 2016 produced 406 images of the seabed, analysis of which is ongoing. Surveys in 2015 produced 428 images that allowed identification of 1542 benthic organisms (n = 28 species identified to highest generic species classification). Surveys conducted in 2014 resulted in 214 images which yielded 372 benthic organisms (n = 23 species). Surveys in 2015 and 2016 have built on the library of seabed images gathered for the Eddystone Reef complex based on primary surveys in 2014. -
Seascape Character Assessment Report
Seascape Character Assessment for the South West Inshore and Offshore marine plan areas MMO 1134: Seascape Character Assessment for the South West Inshore and Offshore marine plan areas September 2018 Report prepared by: Land Use Consultants (LUC) Project funded by: European Maritime Fisheries Fund (ENG1595) and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Version Author Note 0.1 Sally First draft desk-based report completed May 2016 Marshall Maria Grant 1.0 Sally Updated draft final report following stakeholder Marshall/ consultation, August 2018 Kate Ahern 1.1 Chris MMO Comments Graham, David Hutchinson 2.0 Kate Ahern Final Report, September 2018 2.1 Chris Independent QA Sweeting © Marine Management Organisation 2018 You may use and re-use the information featured on this website (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. Visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government- licence/ to view the licence or write to: Information Policy Team The National Archives Kew London TW9 4DU Email: [email protected] Information about this publication and further copies are available from: Marine Management Organisation Lancaster House Hampshire Court Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 7YH Tel: 0300 123 1032 Email: [email protected] Website: www.gov.uk/mmo Disclaimer This report contributes to the Marine Management Organisation (MMO) evidence base which is a resource developed through a large range of research activity and methods carried out by both MMO and external experts. The opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of MMO nor are they intended to indicate how MMO will act on a given set of facts or signify any preference for one research activity or method over another. -
Electric Blue Fishing History of the Eddystone Lighthouse
Wednesday, October 18th, 2017 ELECTRIC BLUE FISHING LEAVE A TRAVEL ATTRACTIONS PHOTOS WEATHER LINKS EMAIL ELECTRIC BLUE MESSAGE HISTORY OF THE EDDYSTONE LIGHTHOUSE The Eddystone Reef in the English Channel is where I cut my teeth and learned all about fishing from several friends, notably David Toy, Spencer Vibart and a reel old salt of the sea Alfie Briggs. Sadly all of these guys have now passed on. They all used land marks to fish. The Eddystone Reef is a notorious group of rocks and has seen its fair share of shipwrecks. LOCATION: Latitude: 50° 10’.80 N Longitude: 04° 15’.90 W Established 1703 (present tower 1882). Height of tower 51 meters. Height of light above Mean High Water 41 meters. Range 24 miles. Intensity 570,000 candle power. Light Characteristics-- White Group Flashing twice every 10 seconds. Subsidiary Fixed Red Light-- covers a 17˚degree arc marking a dangerous reef called the "Hands Deep". Fog Signal-- Super Tyfon sounding three times every 60 seconds. Automatic Light--Serviced via Helicopter Platform. One of the world's most famous, if not the most famous lighthouses is the Eddystone Lighthouse, which stands on a treacherous group of rocks some fourteen miles out at sea in the English Channel, bearing 211° from Plymouth Breakwater, in the South West of the United Kingdom. This group of rocks was a graveyard for vessels traversing the English Channel. The Eddystone Lighthouse was the first lighthouse to be built on a small group of rocks in the open sea and resulted in a few disasters until the present lighthouse which stands there today. -
The Story Of...The Fire Island Light
(Ac^\Ou^V o_Wvcyv\ R0 PER1Y 01 LiMHAnf DIVISION OF C U IT U ® HESOURCE8 , NARO the story of... the FI RE ISLAND LIGHT ■Fl IS. Ol I c- 2- C i2 Bis * M ooo& ¿ / S / / 3 V 2 3 ? the Fl RE ISLAND LIGHT by Henry R. Bang First Edition - Published. March, 1981 About Henry Bang In the broadest sense, Henry R. Bang - the man who natural retreat - within sight of the Fire Island Light. A has been the driving force behind completing this story student of area history, Henry Bang has written the - is a renaissance man in modern dress. history of West Island, and undertook to prepare this A native Long Islander, he grew up in East Rockaway, story of the Fire Island Light. and has been a forty-year resident of Baldwin, in In the summer of 1980, Edna Bang passed away. The Nassau County, N.Y. After attending Columbia Univer sadness of her passing is brightened by the years of sity, Mr. Bang joined the N.Y. Telephone Co., and in devotion she had shared with her husband, Henry, time rose to become the General Manager for the L.l. who now dedicates this work to her memory. area. In 1967, he took early retirement from N.Y. Telephone to become Executive Director of the L.l. Health and Hospital Planning Council - a group deeply involved in long-range planning for the growth of health facilities and health care in Nassau and Suffolk Counties. He held that position until H H PC was legislated out of existence. -
The Distribution of Intertidal Organisms Along the Coasts of the English Channel
J. mar. bioI. Ass. U.K. (1958) 37, 157-208 157 Printed in Great Britain THE DISTRIBUTION OF INTERTIDAL ORGANISMS ALONG THE COASTS OF THE ENGLISH CHANNEL By D. J. CRISP Marine Biology Station, Menai Bridge, Anglesey and A. J. SOUTHWARD The Plymouth Laboratory (Text-figures 1-7) INTRODUCTION Our investigations on the distribution of barnacles (Crisp & Chipperfield, 1948; Crisp, 1950; Southward, 1950, 1951; Norris & Crisp, 1953; Southward & Crisp, 1952, 1954a; Bishop & Crisp, 1957, 1958) were prompted by the lack of quantitative information on the distribution of most species. During these investigations we noted that the distribution of barnacles and of other species of shore animals had certain features in common. We have therefore extended our studies to include many of the commoner intertidal organisms in the belief that we may be able to discover which are the most important of the many possible factors controlling the distribution of littoral species generally, and of barnacles in particular. We have already described the main features of the distribution of the commoner intertidal animals along the Irish coast (Southward & Crisp, 1954b). The present paper, the second of a series, deals with the English and French sides of the Channel. These two coasts are most conveniently treated together for several reasons. In the first place the Channel presents a simpler picture, both hydrographically and faunistically, than that afforded by the seasbounding the other coasts of the British Isles. It therefore offers a useful introduction to further contributions which we are preparing on the British Isles. The fauna and flora of the Atlantic coast of France will be described elsewhere by one of us (D.J.C.) in collaboration with Prof. -
Marine Ecology Progress Series 561:173
The following supplement accompanies the article Two’s company, three’s a crowd: fine-scale habitat partitioning by depth among sympatric species of marine mesopredator Nicolas E. Humphries*, Samantha J. Simpson, Victoria J. Wearmouth, David W. Sims *Corresponding author: [email protected] Marine Ecology Progress Series 561: 173–187 (2016) Table S1: Datasets Species Tag no. Sex Release Release Release ReCapture ReCapture ReCapture Days at Displacement Tag Tag Max Date Latitude Longitude Date Latitude Longitude Liberty (km) Manufacturer1 Model2 Depth (m) Raja brachyura A01775 F 2010-01-08 50.3679 -4.1734 2010-04-09 50.2734 -3.9342 91 19.99 CTL LL 100 Raja brachyura A01840 M 2010-04-13 50.3008 -4.1165 2010-05-17 50.2549 -3.9361 33 13.81 CTL LL 100 Raja brachyura A01846 M 2010-04-13 50.3008 -4.1165 2010-06-13 50.0353 -4.0457 60 29.99 CTL LL 100 Raja brachyura A01852 F 2010-04-15 50.2601 -3.9339 2010-07-19 50.2558 -3.8750 94 4.22 CTL LL 100 Raja brachyura A05885 F 2010-04-15 50.2597 -4.0041 2010-04-25 50.2466 -3.8689 9 9.73 CTL LL 2MB 200 Raja brachyura A05886 F 2010-04-15 50.2591 -4.0203 2010-07-30 50.3408 -4.2742 105 20.22 CTL LL 2MB 200 Raja brachyura A05908 F 2010-06-10 50.3307 -4.1336 2010-08-05 50.3214 -4.2449 55 7.98 CTL LL 2MB 200 Raja brachyura A05927 F 2010-07-14 50.3175 -4.1332 2010-09-18 50.2565 -3.9307 65 15.92 CTL LL 2MB 200 Raja brachyura A05950 F 2010-11-24 50.2990 -4.1061 2012-10-10 50.1563 -3.8983 685 21.70 CTL LL 2MB 200 Raja brachyura A05962 M 2010-11-24 50.2990 -4.1061 2011-11-20 50.2500 -3.5750 360 38.18 CTL LL 2MB 200 -
Eddystone Reef Camera Survey Summary Report 2014-2017
EDDYSTONE REEF CAMERA SURVEY SUMMARY REPORT 2014-2017 Stephen K. Pikesley Jean-Luc Solandt Colin Trundle Matthew J. Witt December 2017 All data remain copyright of the project partners. Maps or data within this report may not be used or referenced without the explicit written consent of the data owners. EDDYSTONE REEF CAMERA SURVEY SUMMARY REPORT 2014-2017 Executive summary The Eddystone Reef is part of the Start Point to Plymouth Sound and Eddystone Special Area of Conservation (SAC). In January 2014 management measures were introduced to prohibit bottom-towed fisheries from using key areas within the SAC, thereby creating a mosaic of protected areas that may provide protection to vulnerable reef-associated species. Ideally, newly established protected areas should be monitored over time to observe change in biological communities attributable to adopted management strategies. This project is a collaborative partnership between the Marine Conservation Society (MCS), Cornwall Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority (CIFCA) and the University of Exeter (UoE); funded by the Pig Shed Trust (2014-2016, and 2020) and Princess Yachts (2017-2019). The principal aim of this project is to monitor and record changes to benthic communities in these newly protected areas. This report details survey activities for the first four years of the project, 2014-2017. Drop-down camera surveys in 2017 produced 235 images of the seabed that allowed identification of 664 benthic organisms (n = 27 species identified to highest generic species classification). Surveys in 2016 produced 406 images that allowed identification of 1387 benthic organisms (n = 26 species: highest generic species classification). Surveys in 2015 produced 428 images that allowed identification of 1542 benthic organisms (n = 27 species) and surveys conducted in 2014 resulted in 214 images which yielded 372 benthic organisms (n = 22 species). -
South-West England: Seaton to the Roseland Peninsula
Coasts and seas of the United Kingdom Region 10 South-west England: Seaton to the Roseland Peninsula edited by J.H. Barne, C.F. Robson, S.S. Kaznowska, J.P. Doody, N.C. Davidson & A.L. Buck Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House, City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY UK ©JNCC 1996 This volume has been produced by the Coastal Directories Project of the JNCC on behalf of the Project Steering Group. JNCC Coastal Directories Project Team Project directors Dr J.P. Doody, Dr N.C. Davidson Project management and co-ordination J.H. Barne, C.F. Robson Editing and publication S.S. Kaznowska, J.C. Brooksbank, A.L. Buck Administration & editorial assistance R. Keddie, J. Plaza, S. Palasiuk, N.M. Stevenson The project receives guidance from a Steering Group which has more than 200 members. More detailed information and advice came from the members of the Core Steering Group, which is composed as follows: Dr J.M. Baxter Scottish Natural Heritage R.J. Bleakley Department of the Environment, Northern Ireland R. Bradley The Association of Sea Fisheries Committees of England and Wales Dr J.P. Doody Joint Nature Conservation Committee B. Empson Environment Agency Dr K. Hiscock Joint Nature Conservation Committee C. Gilbert Kent County Council & National Coasts and Estuaries Advisory Group Prof. S.J. Lockwood MAFF Directorate of Fisheries Research C.R. Macduff-Duncan Esso UK (on behalf of the UK Offshore Operators Association) Dr D.J. Murison Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment & Fisheries Department Dr H.J. Prosser Welsh Office Dr J.S. Pullen WWF UK (Worldwide Fund for Nature) N.