A Conservative Statesman: Baldwin Papers, 1908-1947 Edited by Philip Williamson and Edward Baldwin Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 0521580803 - A Conservative Statesman: Baldwin Papers, 1908-1947 Edited by Philip Williamson and Edward Baldwin Index More information

index

Abdication crisis, 387–425, 445 Baldwin [Howard], Lorna (Leonora Stanley, King’s decision to abdicate, 390, 394, 400, 2nd daughter), 268 406, 409 Baldwin, Louisa (mother), 8–9, 16, 171, ‘morganatic proposal’, 391, 395–400, 403, 495 410, 420 Baldwin, Lucy (‘Cissie’, wife), 9–10, 57, 251, King’s proposed broadcast, 401–4, 407 256, 263–6, 268, 269–71, 336, 366, 418, proposed Simpson divorce bill, 405, 406–9 437, 439, 480, 483, 494, 497 see also Edward VIII, the press public career, 9–10 Abyssinian crisis, 345–7, 348, 354, 356–64, memo. on fall of coalition, 70–6 468 memos. on Abdication crisis, 389–91, Addison, Christopher, 49 410–11 Aix-les-Bains, 57, 68, 101, 153, 176, 190, 208, Baldwin, Monica (relative), 316, 324, 343–4, 209, 210, 236, 261, 263, 300, 308, 323, 364, 418 343, 380, 444, 455, 484 Baldwin, Oliver (eldest son), 11, 35, 37, 47, Amery, L. S., 73, 82, 84, 117, 147, 168, 194, 198, 51–2, 57, 100, 204, 212, 222, 274, 324, 207, 209, 226, 246, 296, 299, 307 329, 430, 436, 451, 481–4 SB views on, 199, 279, 432, 476 Baldwin, Stanley, Amulree, 1st Lord, 276, 456 early career (to 1921), in business, 17–18, 19, ‘appalling frankness’ passage, SB’s, 374, 466 21, 29, 30 Asquith, H. H. (19251 st Earl of Oxford and public service, 19, 21–22, 24–5, 313, 433 Asquith), 49, 134, 135, 136–8, 139, 144, MP for West Worcestershire, 21–22, 313 159, 161–2, 182, 191, 206, 323 in the Treasury, 29, 31, 40, 42 Asquith, Margot (Lady Oxford), 206, 282 offer of imperial governorships, 50 Astor, Nancy, 255 rumours of speakership, 51 Astor, 2nd Viscount, 304 appointment as Prime Minister in 1923, 82, Atholl, Duchess of, 14, 305, 325 86–7, 96–8 Attlee, Clement, 429, 461, 483 political career (to 1937), reﬂections on, and the Abdication crisis, 392, 397, 398, 433, 444–6, 495 400, 402 appearance, physical, 317 Aubrey,RevdM.E.,348 artistic and literary culture, 16 charitable and philanthropic gifts, 24, 38, Baird, Sir John (1925 Lord Stonehaven), 73, 454 259, 267 children, relations with his, 10–11 Baker, Arthur, 478 countryside, love of, 32, 45, 47, 51, 52, 63, 139, Baldwin, Alfred (father), 9, 16, 17, 19, 485, 495 168, 249, 335;inFrance,57, 69, 154, 301 Baldwin, ‘Betty’ (Esther Louisa, 4th ﬁnances, personal, 19, 29, 38, 43, 132, 160, daughter), 10, 74–6, 79, 213–14 217, 222, 274, 324, 431, 448, 454, 484

519

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521580803 - A Conservative Statesman: Baldwin Papers, 1908-1947 Edited by Philip Williamson and Edward Baldwin Index More information

520 Index

Baldwin, Stanley (cont.) Blomberg, Werner von, 434–5 foreign and imperial travel, 17, 19, 57, 68, Blunt, A.W.F., Bishop of Bradford, 398 101, 176, 210, 236, 324 (and see Boscawen: see Griffith-Boscawen Aix-les-Bains) Bottomley, Horatio, 52 homes, 19 Brett Young, Francis, 195, 381 leadership, loneliness of, 192 Bridgeman, Lady, 301, 344–5, 452 leadership style, 3–4, 21, 179, 203, 204, 205, Bridgeman, William (1929 1st Viscount), 5, 365, 366 84, 117, 169, 173, 198, 204–5, 236, 237, letter-writing, 3–4, 6–9, 13–14 248–9, 252, 256, 281, 333, 344–5 oratory, contempt for, 95 Broome, Phyllis, 11 peerage, doubts about accepting, 367 Brownlow, 6th Lord, 418 pigs, jocular comments on, 46–7, 51, 77 Bruce, Stanley, 94, 117, 298, 389, 391, 394 resignation as leader, possible (in 1923–4) Bryant, Arthur, 310, 429, 443 133–9, 140, 142, 144, 145;(in1929) 224; Buchman, Frank, 452 (in 1930) 242, 243;(in1931) 251–9 Buckmaster, 1st Viscount, 77, 242 retirement (prospect of, 1934–7) 317, 324–5, Burne-Jones, Sir Philip (cousin) 16, 154 330, 333, 365, 366, 379, 413, 426, 428, Burnham, Viscount, 258 431;(in1937) 435–9 Butler, R.A., 335–43, 480 speech-making, 150, 156, 171, 178, 179, 204, 207, 274, 308, 311, 326, 336, 339, 349, Cambridge, University of, 233, 326, 481 352, 436, 446, 498 Campbell case (1924), 158–9 religion, 16, 196, 301, 308, 316, 435, 437, 453, Camrose, 1st Lord (William Berry), 211, 252, 454–6, 460, 473, 483, 497 258, 289, 451–2 service, code of, 21, 22, 26, 27, 29, 38, 39, 40, Canada, SB visits to (1927) 198–201, 296–9; 43–4, 139, 172 (1932) 277;(1939) 462 work methods, 3–5, 6–7, 96, 113, 124–5, 171, Carlton Club meeting (October 1922), 74–5, 298, 385, 462, 465, 499, 502–6 97, 104, 120, 492, 496 Baldwin, Windham (‘Little’, 2nd son), 10, 47, Carson, Lord, 60, 138, 155, 156 68–9, 236–7 Castlereagh, Viscount, 367 Baldwin firms, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 29, 222, 485 Cave, Viscount, 95, 127, 142 Baldwin Fund for Refugees, 460 Cecil, Lord Robert (1923 Viscount Cecil of Balfour, A. J. (1922 1st Earl of Balfour), 57, 75, Chelwood), 57, 84, 93, 102, 125, 76, 83, 134, 142–3, 144, 145, 146, 173, 210, 144, 168–9, 179–80, 198, 201, 307, 217–19, 224, 234, 244, 306, 326, 341, 315 482 Chamberlain, Austen, 6, 37, 49, 53, 59, 66, 189 BBC broadcasts, SB’s, 217, 274, 308, 309–10, (1922–24: ‘Chamberlainite’ leader), 75–7, 365, 386, 448, 460 84, 86–92, 94, 112, 125–8, 129, 130, 131–2, Beaverbrook, 1st Lord, 37–8, 61, 98, 114, 132, 134, 135, 140, 141–2, 143–5, 149–50, 147, 223, 227–35, 241, 243, 244, 246, 247, 492 392 (1924–9: Foreign Secretary), 164, 166, 179, SB views on, 37–8, 145, 147, 225, 235, 282, 193, 201, 208, 209, 210, 275 298, 321, 428, 429, 446, 470, 474, 480, (1930–1), 239, 252, 258, 274, 275, 276 492 (1931–7), 289, 305, 319, 359–63, 373 SB negotiations with (1929–30), 225–6, difficult relations with SB, 86–92, 94, 127, 228–9, 232–3 166, 194, 359–63 see also ‘press lords’ Chamberlain, Neville, 99, 117, 141, 143, 144, Bennett, R.B., 296, 298 476 Berry, brothers: see Camrose and Kemsley (1924–9) 166, 206, 214 Berry, Revd Sidney, 333, 348, 436 (1929–31) 225, 226, 234, 235, 237, 251–2, 256, Bevin, Ernest, 315, 346, 483 258–9, 261, 262, 263, 265–8, 276 Birkenhead, 1st Earl of (‘F. E.’), 50, 55, 62, 69, (1931–7: Chancellor of the Exchequer) 284, 76, 94, 97, 106, 119, 121, 125–8, 129, 130, 286, 288, 299, 300–1, 330, 372 131, 133, 140, 142, 143, 144, 150, 168, 194, during Abdication crisis, 389, 402, 403, 405, 209, 211, 212, 370, 372, 492 407 Blackett, Sir Basil, 95 as likely successor to SB, 366

Index 521

(1937–40: Prime Minister) 438, 449–51, 456, Cunliffe-Lister, Sir Philip (Lloyd-Greame to 461, 466, 469 1925; 19351 st Viscount Swinton), 73, (1940) 471, 474 117, 173, 175, 372, 384 SB views on, 4, 194, 202, 225, 449, 453, 457, Curzon, Marquess, 60, 72, 73, 142, 164–5, 168, 458, 474–5, 477 169 Chamberlain, Mrs Neville, 284 not appointed Prime Minister, 82–3, 84, 85, Chanak crisis (1922), 69, 70–2, 97, 119–20, 238 86 Channon, ‘Chips’, 450 SB’s Foreign Secretary, 84, 85, 88, 93, 101, Chetwode, Sir Philip, 320 105–6, 112, 120–1 Churchill, Winston, 24, 62, 67, 69, 71, 72, 106, Cushendun, Lord, 203, 209, 210 119, 145–7, 164, 193, 447 (1924–9: Chancellor of the Exchequer), 166, Daily Mail, The, 52, 113, 148, 217, 354, 396, 402, 168, 169, 182, 189, 190, 198, 206, 207, 420, 493 210, 217, 369 Dalton, Hugh, 342 possible Viceroy/Secretary of State for Dalziel, Sir Henry, 25 India, 94, 214, 216 Davidson, Randall, Archbishop of and Indian policy, 223, 224, 246, 248, 254, Canterbury 136–8 258, 318–21 Davidson, J. C. C. (‘David’; 1937 1st resignation from shadow cabinet (1930–1), Viscount), 12–13, 32, 33, 40, 47, 73, 85, 237, 239, 240–1, 250, 318 101, 139, 173, 225, 226, 232, 234, 256, 258, from 1931, 289–90, 295, 432, 461, 466 264, 272, 280, 439, 452, 459 and rearmament, 324, 329, 333, 334, 373, SB’s appointment as Prime Minister, 82–3 379, 467 Davidson, Joan (‘Mimi’; 1937 Viscountess), 11, and Abdication crisis, 392, 397, 402, 403, 25, 40, 74–5, 82, 85–6, 101, 265, 270, 404–6, 408, 409, 410, 479 280–3, 439, 449 as Prime Minister, 471, 479 SB’s friendship with, 12–13, 32–3, 139, 478 on SB, 290, 307, 342, 484 Davies, Clement, 426 SB views on, 94, 97, 132, 164, 202, 209, 217, Davis, Norman, 292, 315 252, 254, 318–20, 323, 328, 330, 342, 354, Dawson, Geoffrey, 5, 93, 117–18, 133–4, 164, 372, 475, 479, 493 211–12, 215–16, 252, 266–7, 297, 330–1, Churchill, Victor, 1st Viscount, 30, 50 358 Citrine, Walter, 342, 346, 378, 385 Dawson, Lord, 332, 366, 379, 448 Clyde, Lord, 49 De La Warr, 9th Earl, 342 Coalition government, fall of (1922), 71–6 de-rating, 206, 207 SB views on, 71–6, 96–8, 104, 119–20, 205, Derby, 17th Earl of, 34, 98–9, 101, 117, 121, 124, 314, 315, 370, 445, 454, 492, 496 125, 128, 131, 151, 175, 181, 210, 241, 244, Cole, G. D. H., 354 319, 404 Conservative party, SB views on, 145, 224, 257, De Valera, Eamon, 287, 321, 399, 447, 472 278, 303, 343, 354, 370, 432–3, 476, 477, Devonshire, 9th Duke of, 84, 125, 136 482, 490–1 Dickinson: see Davidson, Joan Cook, Arthur, 170, 175, 184, 186, 193, 202 disarmament, 290–4, 295, 303, 307, 310, 322, Cooper, Alfred Duff, 252, 258, 311, 323, 384, 346 387, 391, 399 ‘distressed areas’, 323, 325 Cooper, Lady Diana, 311 Duff, Sir Patrick, 277, 280, 503 co-operative movement, 354 Dugdale, Thomas, 411, 413, 432, 450 cotton industry, SB views on, 318 Cox, Sir William, 459 Eden, Sir Anthony, 310, 314, 332, 360, 361, 364, Craig, Sir James (1927 1st Viscount 380, 429, 436, 449–51, 458, 461, 466, Craigavon), 151, 153, 155, 156, 177, 472 470 Crawford, 27th Earl of, 127, 444–5 Edward VIII, King, as Prince of Wales, Crewe, Marquess of, 276 198–201, 212–13, 387 Cripps, Sir Stafford, 295, 447 as King, 366, 380, 382, 384, 387–425, 482 Crooks, William, 39 SB views on, 417–23 Crozier, W. P., 317–22 as Duke of Windsor, 437, 441, 446, 462 Cunard, Lady, 389 Einstein, Albert, 233

522 Index

elections, by-, Westminster, Abbey (1924), SB’s appointment as Prime Minister, 82–4 145–7; (early 1929), 213; Paddington SB discussions with, 5, 58, 128–9, 135–6, South (1930) 240, 241, 243;St 163–4, 267, 276, 331–2 George’s, Westminster (1931), 251, 257, SB views on, 285, 388, 413 258, 311; 1933–4, 323; Liverpool, George VI, King, as Duke of York during the Wavertree (1935), 327 Abdication crisis, 391, 411, 412, 413; general, 1923: 111, 117, 121, 124, 125, 128, 129, relations with SB, 416, 437, 440, 461, 133; SB’s decisions on, 117, 121, 124, 125, 462, 478, 482 391, 411, 412, 413 126, 128–9, 133, 135, 476–7 Germany, Nazi, 373 1924: 152, 159, 160, 161–2, 165 SB views on, 322, 347, 348, 366, 377, 379, 434, 1929: 209, 210, 211, 214, 216, 219–21, 499 458, 467 1931: 271–4 see also Hitler, Ribbentrop 1935: 348–53, 376, 449, 468 Gibson, Hugh, 292 1945: 480 Gilmour, Sir John, 48, 127, 432 Elgar, Sir Edward, 304, 313–14 Gladstone, William, 427–8, 438 Elibank, 2nd Viscount, 230–2 ‘Goat’, the: see Lloyd George Elliot, Walter, 315, 447 Goddard, Theodore, 410, 412, 423 Empire, SB views on, 199, 306 Gorell, 3rd Lord, 247 Epstein, Jacob, 172–3 Gower, Sir Patrick, 67, 252, 274, 503 Eyres-Monsell, Sir Bolton, 146, 149, 256, 267, Great Western Railway, 17, 19, 30 277 Greenwood, Sir Hamar (1929 Lord), 55, 282 Greig, Louis, 245, 284 F. E: see Birkenhead Grenfell, Sir Edward, 261 Ferguson, Howard, 289 Gretton, John, 113, 241, 242, 243, 343 ﬁnancial policy, 42, 43, 78–9, 81–2, 269, 286 Grey, Sir Edward (1916 Viscount), 24, 94, 104, SB views on, 78–9, 81–2, 95 134, 315, 352 Fisher, H. A. L., 57 Grifﬁth-Boscawen, Sir Arthur, 55, 72, 97 Fisher, Sir Warren, 96, 277 Grigg, Sir Edward, 95 Fitzalan, 1st Viscount, 55, 327, 328 Grigg, P. J., 79 Foot, Isaac, 330, 331 Guinness, Walter, 153 foreign policy, SB’s efforts in 1923, 93, 98, 99, Gwynne, H. A., 99, 245, 390 101–10, 111, 115, 117, 120 in 1930s, 345–6, 348, 373–9, 383, 434–5, 436 Hailsham, 1st Viscount (Sir Douglas Hogg), see also Abyssinian crisis, Germany, Hitler, 149, 202, 208, 250, 257 Hoare-Laval crisis, Mussolini, Haldane, Viscount, 137 Munich crisis, reparations, Rhineland Halifax, 3rd Viscount (Edward Wood to 1925; crisis, Ruhr crisis, Russia, United Lord Irwin 1925–34), 73, 125, 129, 154, States of America 196, 201–2, 210, 215, 239, 308 France: see Ruhr crisis, Poincare,´ and foreign Indian policy (1929–31), 215, 235 policy possible Foreign Secretary, 277, 315 Free Church leaders, 333, 346, 348, 354 from 1935, 355, 441, 450, 452, 460, 465, 473 Fry, Sir Geoffrey, 61, 74, 82, 141, 278, 279–80, SB views on, 5, 94, 215, 236 335, 503, 507 Hankey, Sir Maurice, 295, 307, 321, 323, 392, 397 ‘F.S.T.’ letter, SB’s, 42–4 Hannon, Sir Patrick, 234 ‘hard-faced men’, 40 Galsworthy, John, 233 Harmsworth, Esmond, 395, 410, 420–1 Gandhi, Mahatma, 321 Harvey, Sir Ernest, 262 Garvin, J. L., 94, 342 Hearst, William Randolph, 201, 209, 395 Geddes, Sir Auckland, 117, 189 Henderson, Arthur, 32, 233, 246, 354, 449 Geddes, Sir Eric, 189 Henson, H. H., Bishop of Durham, 188–9, Geddes Committee, 60, 62 195, 235–6, 474 General Strike, 180–2 Hewins,W.A.S.,113–15, 121–2, 140–1, 147 George V, King, 3, 134, 141, 159, 160, 175, 176, Hicks: see Joynson-Hicks 177, 180, 189–90, 192, 198, 200, 212, 221, Hills, Jack, 95 253, 265, 266, 276–7, 349, 365, 383, 411, Hilton Young, Edward (19351 st Lord Kennet), 417, 419–20 95, 153, 157–8, 165, 182, 193, 456

Index 523

Hilton Young, Kathleen (1935 Lady Kennet), in 1921, 54, 59 6, 153–4, 165–6, 170, 172, 181–2, 192, 193, boundary dispute (1924–5), 151–3, 154–8, 194 177 Hinchingbrooke, Viscount, 285, 289–90, 312, in 1932, 287, 294 417–18, 458–9 in 1940, 472 Hitler, Adolf, 307, 347, 356, 373, 434 Irwin: see Halifax proposals that SB should meet, 310, 315, Irwin declaration: see under India 385, 434 SB views on, 314, 378, 432, 458, 467–9 Jackson, Stanley, 134, 146, 193 Hoare, Sir Samuel, 74, 134, 194, 242, 258, 263, ‘Jix’: see Joynson-Hicks 265, 305 Jones, Thomas, 5, 55, 117, 164, 193, 194, 255–8, desire to be Viceroy of India, 332 273, 279, 309–10, 311, 314–16, 326–7, as Foreign Secretary (1935), 346, 347, 359, 330, 334, 346–7, 352, 353–4, 380, 388, 360 435–8, 472, 476, 479, 489, 503, 507 from 1936, 388, 429 Joynson-Hicks, Sir William (‘Jix’; 1929 1st Hoare-Laval crisis, 356–4, 468, 479 Viscount Brentford), 94, 101, 151, 168, Hogg: see Hailsham 205, 207, 209, 304 Hogge, J. M., 26 honours, 167, 183, 210 Kempthorne, J. A., Bishop of Lichﬁeld, 183 Horne, Sir Robert, 42, 49, 53, 62, 64, 76, 84, 85, Kemsley, 1st Viscount (Gomer Berry), 452 86, 87, 91, 141, 153, 157, 166, 189, 230, Kennedy, Joseph, 461 257, 262, 431 Kennet: see Hilton Young House of Lords, proposed reform, 198, 212, Kent, Duke of, 411, 419, 420, 422 275, 367 Keynes, J.M. (1942 1st Lord), 40, 61, 80, 481 housing problems, 172, 177 King, Douglas, 193 Houston, Lady, 319 King, William Mackenzie, 5, 112, 117, 118–21, Houston, Robert, 25 176, 198–200, 209–10, 229, 296, 382–5, Howard, Peter, 474, 478 391, 462–3 Hulton, Edward, 98 Kipling, Rudyard, 9, 16, 17, 26, 35, 60, 104, 141, 166, 168, 235, 258, 341, 365, 383, 480, 495 imperial conferences, (1923) 112, 113, 114, 124, on SB, 7 296–300;(1932), 288;(1937), 385, 436 verses by, 46, 167 Imperial Relations Trust, 437 India, Simon Commission, 215, 223 Labour party, 134, 137 Conservative divisions on (1929–31), 223, 1924 government, 139, 151, 160, 161–2 235, 254–8;(1933–5), 305, 318–22 SB views on, 140, 141 Irwin declaration, 223 1929–31 government, 247, 263 Round Table Conference (1930), 239, 246, from 1931, 285, 322, 331, 348, 445, 451 250 SB views on, 119, 134, 137, 176, 201, 319, 342, Irwin-Gandhi pact (1931), 254 354, 378, 432–3, 448, 469, 483 White Paper on, 305–7, 319 Lang, Cosmo, Archbishop of York (1928 privilege case, 318 Canterbury), 202, 415–16, 420 SB views on, 215, 224, 236, 238, 254, 319, 327, Lansbury, George, 285, 295, 348 341 SB views on, 189 industrial relations, 22, 169, 173–5 Laski, Harold, 342, 354 SB views on, 22, 25, 34, 42, 45, 169, 174, 176, Laval, Pierre, 347, 468, 479 177, 180, 182, 184–8, 189, 190, 191, 196, Law, Andrew Bonar, 33, 35, 36, 38, 48, 49, 50, 371, 433, 491 53, 80, 282, 286, 289, 369, 476 see also General Strike, mining in 1922, 72, 73–6, 120, 492 industry pledge on tariffs, 91, 114, 115, 117, 118, 123 Inskip, Sir Thomas (1939 1st Viscount resignation as Prime Minister, 82–3, 86 Caldecote), 127, 373, 384, 403, 472 Law, Richard, 326 Inverforth, Lord, 49 Lawrence, Sir Walter, 341 Ireland, Curragh crisis, 24 Layton, Sir Walter, 395 in 1916, 25 League of Nations Union, 169, 305, 357, 376 in 1918, 34 Lennox-Boyd, Alan, 450

524 Index

Liberal party, 49, 119, 125, 132, 135, 136–8, 139, Maclean, Sir Donald, 96, 263, 295 140, 157, 161, 182 Macmillan, Harold, 343 SB views on, 119, 129, 137, 145, 158, 159, 161, Macmillan, Lord, 327 200, 201, 214, 216, 219, 245, 263, 286, Mann, Arthur, 271, 272 427–8 Margesson, David, 193, 352, 400, 403, 429 see also Samuel, Simon Mary, Queen, 395, 413, 419, 420, 424, 425, 429 Lidgett, Revd J. Scott, 348 Maseﬁeld, John, 233 Lindemann, Frederick, 323 Masterman, Charles, 189 Linlithgow, 2nd Marquess of, 215, 332, 461, ‘Maurice letter’ (1918), 36 465 Maxton, James, 285 Llewellin, John, 341 Mellon, Andrew, 292 Lloyd, Geoffrey, 278, 341 mining industry, disputes in, 173, 180, 183–9, Lloyd, George (19251 st Lord), 94, 253–5, 320 190–1 Lloyd George, David (‘the Goat’), to October Monckton, Sir Walter, 388, 403, 408, 410–12, 1922, 23, 24, 26, 34, 36, 42, 48, 49, 54, 441, 446 57, 58, 59, 61, 63–4, 69, 71, 119, 120 Mond, Sir Alfred (1928 1st Lord Melchett), 48, (1923–4), 98, 108, 112, 113, 114, 119, 125, 135, 55, 63, 182, 183 140, 156, 157–8, 159, 161, 476, 477 Montagu, Edwin, 55, 62 (1924–30), 182, 191, 223, 247, 248 Morrison, W. S., 341, 447 (from 1931), 282, 289, 290, 294, 307, 314–15, Muirhead, Anthony, 341 317, 320, 325, 327, 333, 382, 436, 461 Munich crisis, 455–8, 462 SB views on, 23, 34, 36, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, Munro, Gordon (son-in-law), 281 95, 97, 102, 104, 105, 114, 119, 132, 148, Mussolini, Benito, 102, 346, 347, 356, 383, 468, 161, 180, 182, 189, 201, 202, 204, 210, 215, 479 217, 223, 238, 245, 250, 253, 315, 328, 333, SB views on, 78, 345, 379, 436 337, 347, 370, 376, 389, 431, 463, 482, 496 SB friendliness towards (1933–5), 307, 312, National Book Association, 443 314, 321, 325, 327, 331 National (coalition) government, possible Lloyd George, Megan, 388 (1930–1), 245, 247, 257, 261, 264 Lloyd-Greame: see Cunliffe-Lister formation (August 1931), 267–8, 269 Locarno Treaty, 168 continuation (in autumn 1931), 270, 271–3; Locker-Lampson, Oliver, 128 (agreement to differ) 280, 281; (after Londonderry, Lady, 138, 167, 278, 368, 369, Ottawa conference), 300–1 370–1, 500 SB views on, 269, 278, 296, 298 Londonderry, 7th Marquess of, 153, 157, 355, Navy, Royal, cruiser crisis (1925), 169, 173, 198; 367–72 disarmament conference (1927), 346; Lothian, 11th Marquess, 331, 381 in 1935, 347 Lytton, 2nd Earl of, 203, 224, 456 newspapers: see press Nicolson Harold, 366 Macdonald sisters, 16, 486 Niemeyer, Otto, 49 Macdonald, Edith (aunt), 16 Norman, Montagu, 79, 117, 134, 155, 262, 289, MacDonald, James Ramsay, 135, 137–8, 160, 331 182, 212, 217, 371, 495 Northcliffe, Lord, 107 in 1929–31, 223, 247, 262, 263, 264–8 Norwood, Revd F. W., 345, 346 National government Prime Minister, 269, 273, 274, 276, 283, 296, 300, 301, 322, Ormsby-Gore, William, 94 328, 330 Oxford Group, 452–6, 478 as Lord President, 331–2, 353, 355, 361, 363–4, 437, 447 Palmstierna, Erik, 494–501 SB views on, 156, 159, 189, 198, 215, 245, 279, ‘Peace Ballot’, 327, 333, 345, 468 449 Peacock, Sir Edward, 262, 412 MacDonald, Malcolm, 353, 355, 385, 397, 447, Peel, Viscount (1929 1st Earl), 169, 214, 216, 276 450 People, The, SB’s interview in (May 1924), Mackail, J. W. and Margaret, 34, 452–6 148–50, 489–93 McKenna, Reginald, 76, 80, 85, 87, 90–1, 93, Pepys-Whiteley, Derek, 477 94, 95, 99 Percy, Lord Eustace, 94

Index 525

Phipps, Eric, 349 Salisbury, 4th Marquess of, 83, 125, 129, 130–1, Pickthorn, Kenneth, 354 140, 141–2, 143, 144, 153, 154, 155, 157, Poincare,´ Raymond, 210, 321 210, 226–7, 234–5, 239, 246, 248, 250, SB meeting with (1923), 93, 98, 100, 101, 102, 260, 287–8, 327, 373, 390, 392, 397, 103–10, 115, 120 452–6 political education, SB and, 443, 459, 463 Salter, Arthur, 304 Pollock, Sir Ernest (1926 1st Lord Hanworth), Samuel, Sir Herbert, 263, 266–8, 269 281 as leader of ‘Samuelite’ Liberals, 272, 280, Ponsonby, Lord, 303 282, 283, 300–1, 323, 331 press, the, 107, 150, 199, 207, 209, 229, 298, 328, Sankey, Lord, 456 342, 348, 354, 384, 420, 489 Sargent, Malcolm, 336 proposal to create pro-SB newspaper Sassoon, Sir Philip, 75, 275, 330, 331, 366 (1931), 258 Schuster, Sir George, 238 and the Abdication crisis, 389, 390, 393, 395, Scott, Sir Leslie, 127, 164 396, 398, 399, 400, 402, 412 Scott, J.W. Robertson, 446 see also Camrose Dawson, Gwynne, Mann, Shaw, Tom, 146 ‘press lords’ Shortt, Edward, 55 ‘press lords’, 37, 98, 107, 114, 132, 138, 150, 226, Simon, Sir John, 215, 277, 279, 438–9 228, 234, 235, 236, 242, 255, 258, 260, as leader of ‘Simonite’ Liberals, 273, 274, 492 280, 300, 301, 302, 323 see also Beaverbrook, Rothermere Foreign Secretary (1931–5), 277, 284, 292, Prince of Wales: see Edward VIII 296, 310, 326–7, 332, 370 Pringle, W. M. R., 25 during Abdication crisis, 397, 402, 403, 405, protection, SB views on, 19, 21, 53, 67–8, 407, 413 111–31, 209 Simpson, Mrs Wallis (1937 Duchess of safeguarding of industries (1921–3), 53, 54, Windsor), 382, 387, 425 66–8, 97, 111–31;(1924–9), 166, 208, SB views on, 387, 388, 423 211 Sinclair, Sir Archibald, 282, 392, 397, 398, protection (in 1923–4), 91, 111–31, 134, 141, 403 144, 145, 476;(in1928), 207; Smith, Herbert, 175, 181, 184, 193 (in 1929–31), 223, 225–7, 232, 234, 237, 238, Snowden, Philip (1931 Viscount), 263, 272, 263, 270, 271, 273, 278 280, 286, 300, 383, 435–9 import duties bill (1932), 280, 282–4 Somervell, Sir Donald, 366, 405 Ottawa agreements, 297–300 Spender, J. A., 354 Stamfordham, Lord, 82, 83–4, 134–7, 159, Reading, 1st Marquess of, 276 160–1, 177, 219–21 rearmament, 310, 314, 322–3, 324, 329, 331, 345, Stamp, Sir Josiah, 207, 456 347, 348, 351, 362, 372, 384, 458, 474 Stanhope, 7th Earl, 265, 266, 282 SB accounts of, 373–9, 449, 466–70 Stanley, George, 48 Reith, Sir John, 216–17, 310, 435, 463 Stanley, Oliver, 240, 258, 367, 368 reparations problem, 66, 78, 90, 92, 95, 115, Steed, Wickham, 42, 240–1 122 Steel-Maitland, Sir Arthur, 169, 173 Rhineland crisis, 373, 469 Sterndale, Lord, 95 Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 310, 327 Stonehaven: see Baird Ridsdales (Lucy Baldwin’s family), 485 Strachey, St Loe, 147, 158, 167, 178 Ronaldshay: see Zetland Sumner, Lord, 320 Rothermere, 1st Lord, 98, 113, 114, 132, 147, 148, Sutherland, 5th Duke of, 417 202, 217, 224, 226, 228, 231, 232, 234, Sykes, Sir Frederick, 75, 82–3 235, 240, 241, 319, 392 SB views on, 207, 209, 217, 428, 429, 446, 492 Temple, William, Bishop of Manchester, 183, see also ‘press lords’ 202 Ruhr crisis (1923–4), 78, 92, 93, 96, 98–9, 101, Thomas, J. H., 165, 181, 289, 294, 355, 383 102, 107–10, 112, 115 Thomas, J. P. L., 449 Runciman, Walter, 49, 288, 299 tithe, agricultural, problems over, 337, 348 Russia, 31, 195, 243, 347, 465 Topping , Rober t, 251, 252, 256 proposed treaty with (1924), 155, 156, 157–9 Trades Disputes bill, 189, 196, 198

526 Index

Trades Union Congress (TUC), 173, 180, 186, Watson, Edith, 44, 503 190 Webb, Mary, 193–4, 336 Travellers’ Club, 8, 47, 265, 266, 498 Webb, Sidney, 165 Trevelyan, G. M., 430, 444 Wheatley, John, 170 Tyrrell, William (1929 Lord), 99, 101, 102, 152, Wigram, Sir Clive (19351 st Lord), 253, 266, 270, 271, 309, 314, 315, 324, 360 277–8, 351 Willingdon, Viscount (1931 Earl of), 201, 249, unemployment, 58, 64–6, 99, 111, 112, 115, 267–8, 277–8 122–4, 142, 297 Wilson, Sir Horace, 174, 357, 437, 450 SB views on, 58, 64–6, 79, 112, 115, 117, 118, Winterton, 6th Earl, 279, 355–6, 450 121, 122–3, 146, 331, 476 Wood, Edward: see Halifax unemployment beneﬁt regulations, problem Wood, Sir Kingsley, 371, 450 (1935), 327–9 Worthington-Evans, Sir Laming (‘Worthy’), United States of America, 290 75, 76, 91, 168, 224 SB views on 30–1, 112, 115, 199, 201, 210, 229, 304, 307, 309, 315, 328, 470 Young, Francis Brett, see under Brett Young debt settlement (1923), 78, 80–1, 115 Young, G. M., 240, 241, 474, 480, 481, 507 Vansittart, Sir Robert, 284, 314, 360 Younger, Sir George, 72

Wardle, George, 25 Zetland, 2nd Marquess (Earl of Ronaldshay Waterhouse, Sir Ronald, 82–3, 502 to 1929), 215