XI.

THE TOLQUHON AISLE, AND OTHER MONUMENTS IN KIRKYARD; WITH SOME FURTHER NOTES ON TOLQUHON . DOUGLAW Y B . S SIMPSON, M.A., D.LiTT., F.S.A.ScoT., F.S.A. papey m "Tolquhon o rn I n s BuilderCastlit d ean " contributer ou o dt Proceedings 1938,n i illustration *a n (reproduced a herewith d an ) 1 , PIXX . short account were tome giveth f bno whic sevente hth h lair Tolquhonf do , William Forbes, built for himself in 1589 in .the parish church of Tarves. As thi se mos monumenth f to remarkable on s i t e e things kinth it n f di o s north of Scotland, it seems worthy of a fuller description and investigation, particularly in view of its importance for the history of the spread of Renaissance influence in Scottish architecture during the reign of James VI. The present kir Tarvef ko erectes plaiswa a t dignifies 1798i n d i n bu d ,an d specimen of a Presbyterian preaching-house of its time. The building, which lies east and west, measures 75 feet in length by 39 feet 7 inches in breadth. The masonry is large, squared pink granite rubble, and on the south fron wesd an t t gabl cherry-cockine eth g remains othee th n r o side; s s obscurei t i harly db . Excep e nortth t h window, whic s lintelledhi , the. door windowd san s have plain round wese archesth tn gablO belfr.a s ei y of good simple design organ A . n chambe e soutth n ho r side a heating, - Vol. Ixxii. pp. 248-72. 118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, 1945-46.

house on the north, and a porch and vestry at the west end are subsequent additions. The interior of the church was rearranged in 1825.1 The church occupie strikina s g positio higa n hno knoll beford an villag,e th e e houses obscured the view, it and its medieval predecessor must have commanded extensivn a e outlook churce Th f Tarve. ho grantes swa Williay db e mth Lion to the Abbey of Arbroath, and most of the early documents illustrating

the history of the parish are therefor2 e to be found in the Register of that monastery. The old church is said to have been dedicated to St Englatius, a fictitious person whose name, accordin Professoo gt r Watson s beeha , n compotmded fro e Gaelimth c word oenglais, "choice brook." Tanglan's Wel s stili l l shown near the church, and on the River Ythan is Tanglandford. According e Martyrologyth o t f Oengus,o e Celtith c foundet e churcS th s f o rwa h Murdebu r Muirdebaro r missionara , y from Leinste flourisheo wh r d about the year 600. The dedication is thus an interesting proof of the early

influenc Irise th hf eo Churc north-easter3 n hi n Pictland.4 In the View of the Diocese of Aberdeen, written in 1732, the following description is given of the former church5:— "The church has a choir and two isles: one for the Gordons of Haddo, now ruinous; another for the Forbeses of Tolquhon, also ruinous. Sir Thoma Longovile d s e (otherwis Reaver)d e calleRe e e Frencdth th , h pyrate, •whom Wallace is said to have taken at sea, and recovered to a regular life reportes i , ease havo th dt t t a e e dyely t Ythsieda o t d an , en thif do s church addes i t bleo I e d.wtw th tha n e stoneso th t w no , stair-head of Tolquhon's loft, whereon now nothing can be discovered graven but a cross, were taken from his grave." Quite possibly these two cross-marked stones were memorials of the Celtic Church. The Tolquhon monument lies 48 feet south of the eastern half of the present church, hence it seems that the latter must be situated somewhat norte s medievait th f o ho t l predecessor eithen O . rmonumene sidth f eo t the original rubble masonry of the aisle wall remains, though obscured by modern pointing. When the aisle was dismantled this wall was crowned b ymassiva e pedimen pinf o t k granite stones, simila thoso t r ee useth n di new church. The back of the wall is entirely hidden in ivy. The total height of the monument, to the crest of the heavy embattled cornice, is 7 feet 6 inches, and its over-all breadth is 8 feet 10 inches. The e tomdeptth f bho reces foo1 inches1 s 1 i ts s arche spait th f ; no , 5 feet 10 inches; height of the arch, 3 feet 4 inches.

1 New Statistical Account, vol. xii. p. 675. 2 Registrum Vetus de Aberbrothoc, p. 5. 3 Martyrology of Oengus, ed. W. Stokes (Henry Bradshaw Soc.)> p. 240. . WatsonI . W e ,1 Se Celtic Place-Names of Scotland, 318-20. pp . 6 Coll. Shires Aberdeen and Banff, p. 329 TOLQUHOE TH N AISLE, ETC. TARVEN I , S KIRKYARD9 11 .

The arch is framed within elaborate Renaissance baluster shafts. Each ha a centras l medallion e dexteTh . r medallion display a bear's s head muzzled coupe e sinister Forbesth dfo showe d on e rboar'an , th s s head couped of the Gordons. The arch-moul a quirke s di d filletedan d edge-roll flanke hollowsy b d , of whic wides outee i hcarried th e ran ron sseriea Tudof so r roses. Outside thiquirkea s si d quarter-round. The hood-moul slopina s dha g upper surface apee th whicf xt o a a , s hi royal crown, wit unicorno htw eithen o s e facinr on side , git , afte mannee th r r of supporters. I take it that this is intended to portray the Laird of Tolquhon's statu tenant-in-chiea s sa e h s Crowne a same th y th f o fen wa i , royae th t l armpu castln s ow ove es gateeithehi n r O . re arch th sid f ,eo facind an n towardi g e followine crownth th s e ar , g subjects: dextera , hound collared pursuin gfoxa , whic escapins hi g wit hgoosmoutha s it n ei ; sinister houn,a d collared pursuin gharea . These animal figure executee sar d wit utmose s thea hth r y fa hav t speciay o verves e an n I l. significance, I suppose they may be taken to portray the old laird's love of field sports. The underside of the hood-mould has a remarkable composite ornament oroundes nit d surface uppee Th r. par thif to s ornament take fore a sth f m o draped curtain or frill, looped up in a series of folds; the lower part is the classical egg-and-dart. In the dexter spandrel is a shield of florid Renaissance design, displaying arms: quarterly, first and fourth, a bear's head couped, muzzled and collared, for Forbes; second and third, a unicorn's head couped for Preston—the family through whose heires estate sth Tolquhof eo n Forbesese camth o et . The shield is surmounted by an esquire's helmet, against a foliaceous back- ground, perhaps intended for plumes, and is flanked by the laird's initials, W. F. Below is a scroll dated 1589. Extending up into the apex of the spandre anothes li r scroU wit Forbee hth s motto, SALV CHRISTVMR SPE . The reversed tail of the scroll bears an arrow pointing to the beginning of the inscription. In the sinister spandrel is a shield of plain heater form. It shows the laird's arms impaled with wife—thres thoshi f eo e boar's heads couper dfo Gordon. The shield is surmounted by a plumed hat. From the point of the shield springs a large conventional grape-like fruit. This shield is flankee lady'th y r Elizabetsb d fo initials . G . hE , Gordon scrola d n i lan , apee th x sets fort r genealogyhhe : DOCHTE LESMORO T R • . The tracery of the tomb-arch is cusped quite in the traditional manner, but the points end in scrolled triangles of a very un-Gothic aspect. The dexter supporte arc e portraia th s hf i ro t statuett lairde e th H f e.o wear flasa t cap ruffa , puffea , slashed an d d doublet buttone middlee th p du , and full puffed and slashed knee-breeches. He has large curled moustaches a forke d an ds expressio hi beard d a pleasinan , s ni g e sinisteoneTh . r 120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, 1945-46.

supporter is his lady. She wears a long embroidered gown with full sleeves, and r hai ruffa braideds He ri . . Lik r husbandehe looke sh ,goo n si d humour, mosa s thougtha determinee hsh d chin. These figure three-quarten i s r relief carry semi-octagonal corbel-caps of good Late Gothic design. The over-all height of the figures, including the corbel-caps, is 1 foot 2|- inches. tomb-reces e bace th th f ko n I as si sunk panel, evidently intenden a r dfo inscribed stone t measureI . fees2 t 4|- inches feebroa2 inche7 td dan s high, depte th h bein inchesg4 . tomb-ches e frone th f Th o t t display arcadn sa sevef eo n bay Renaisf so - sance balusters bearing round arches, enriched wit e egg-and-darthth d an , cusped below thein i ; r spandrel foliaceoua s si s hale ornamentth f n i d an , spandrel at each end a flower. In the centre bay of this arcade are a skull and cross-bones, with the adage MEMENTO MORI. The projecting under e tomb-slaedgth f a twined-ribboo e s bha d stafan nf moulding e stafth , f being raguly, and the ribbon enriched with a sunk pattern. The whole monumen crestes ti d wit hminiatura e corbelle embattled dan d parapet, having three console-like projections, forming caps respectively to the side-shafts and to the central crown. The materia 'wara s sandstonei ld mre , whic weatheres hha d exceedingly well. Indee placeso e carvingdth tw r almoss o i , e , savshars on a t n ei s pa when it was cut. The stone appears to have come from Cammalown in

Fyvie. All the carvin1 g is executed with perfect mastery, and the entire monument is pervaded by distinction. In my former account I described it as "a remarkable example of the bastard Gothic of the period. Its general design remains thoroughly medieval, but much of the detail is pseudo-classica charactern i l . Thi s particularli s ye arcad th see n n no ei tomb-cheste fronbalustere th f th o tn i eithed n so an , rgrotesqu e sideTh . e animal extradoe th tomb-arce n th s o f o s whimsicae quite th har n ei d an l vigorous style so often found in sculptured -work of this period in the north- eas Scotlandf o t ; whil 'mort'e eth s tomb-ches e headth n o ' t represente sth incomin degradea f go d taste that reache followino tw s climae dit th gn xi centuries." Another example, mor lesr eo s contemporary "mort'e th f o , s heady "ma be a corbeseee orator th n no n i lf Towi yo e Barclay Castle, .

e regarde b e firs y th t s ma a demergenc t I f thao e t gruesome funerary 2 symbolis s vigorou it me studied b l whic d al fascinatiny an sn i ma h, g crudity, upon so many of the older monuments in our parish graveyards. . Built into the pediment above the tomb is a keystone boss. It has a Renaissance shield displayin laird'e gth s arms, surmounte esquire'n a y db s helmet shiele Th flankes dinitiale i . . th F Roun y . db sV e edge th dth f eo

Some triflin t necessargbu y repairs were effected monumente onth beforo yeaa ,wartw e r eth ro , by the late Mr J. Duthie Webster, of Tarves. 2 Proceedings, vol. Ixiv . 84-5pp . .

THE TOLQUHON AISLE, ETC., IN TARVES KIRKYARD. 121

bosa vin s i se scroll, extremely well done. This y bosperhapma s e b s accepted as proof that the Tolquhon Aisle was vaulted. It is obvious that our Tarves monument has been inspired by Bishop Gavin Dunbar's beautiful tomb (PI. XXIt Machar'S n i ) s Cathedral, Aber- deen.1 The corbel-figures supporting the tracery, the Tudor roses in the cavetto roun e arch e darmoriath th , l bearinge lettereth d dan s scrolln i s either spandrele corbelleth d d embattlean ,an d d cornice wit s threhit e console-like projections engaged respectively with.the pinnacle-finials and the ornament at the apex of the arch—all these, and other features, prove the close kinship betweeworkso tw e .nth We can hardly doubt that the master-mason or architect of the Tolquhon Aisle will have bee same whon nth laire ma m th t tha da t very tims ewa employin mako gt e suc imposinn ha g additio "auls hi o dnt tour mileo "tw s away. The style of the lettering of the inscriptions on the tomb and on the castle corresponds twined-ribboe th , n enrichmen tombe edge th th f eo -n o t slab reappears on the castle front, and the two statuettes of the laird and his dame on the monument have their counterparts in the quaint figurines that ador gatehouses nhi . Als sandstone oth carvee th use r dfo worn ki both buildings is the same. It is therefore the more remarkable that, while the castle is a purely native or Gothic building practically in all its features, the tomb, while remaining Gothic in its general conception and main lines, should display so much Renaissance influence in its details. We thus obtai a nglimps a designer-craftsma f o e t onca n e vigorou d supplean s , capable of expressing himself both in the vernacular and in the new quasi- classical idiom which durin reige gbeginninth s Jamef no wa I sV mako gt e itself felt alik ecclesiastican ei domesticn i d an l building. A fortunate chance has preserved our master-mason's name. On 21st May 1600 the Presbytery of Ellon visited Udny, where a new church was being erected. The reverend visitors found themselves confronted with a situation of some perplexity. Funds had run out, and the mason, Thomas Leper refusins wa , proceeo gt d unles were sh e pai fulln di . Udn Udnf yo y and Forbes of Woodland came to the rescue, and agreed to advance the money provided the parishioners repaid them by Martinmas, and on the understanding that the mason finished the job quam celerrime. The Laird of Tolquhon, it appears, had some building to do, and was bargaining with Thomas Leper thereanent. So the minister of Tarves, Mr Thomas Gardyne, was appointed to interview the laird and to obtain his consent not to fee the mason until the kirk was completed. The following is the full text of the relevant entries in the Minute Book of the Presbytery of Ellon2:—

Williar D e m1Se Kelly's discussio thif no s monument in Lagan's Collections (Third Spalding Club), pp. 155-8. indebtem a courtese I 2th Beve o dth r Joht f D .y o n Campbell, Curato e Churcth f o rScotlanf ho d Records mosr fo , t kindly depositin originae gth l volum eLibrare inth Aberdeef yo n Universityo t s a o s , enabl transcribo t e em e this entry. Cf . MairT . , Ellon Presbytery Records, . 14p . 122 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , 1945-46.

" The visitation of ye kirk of Udny At Udny 21 Maij 1600.

Building of ye kirk of Udny. The same day touching the ending of masoe th n war kkire oth fk quhairas Thomas Leper e t wientith no l o rt wark completle untib e lh y payiagreis i t I t tLaire upoth Udnf e do nb y and Mr. James Forbes that be their moyan thay sal find out the sum being fourscoir merkis And pay the profiet upon it until Martinmes nixt that the same be collectit out of the heddes of the parochinaris provyding the said Thomas get sufficientlie cautioners not to leave the wark until the ending of the same. And to the effecting heirof Mr. James Forbes . ThomaMr d san Gardi l cosa nn vein wit e Lairth h f Udno d y upon Monnenday nixt at Udny to the quhilk dyet the said Thomas to be convenit. Commissioun l Tolquhone.ti r al e s quhilfo si mekiTh y t i da ks a l reportit tha. Lepehann i Th t s i dr wit e Lairhth f Tolquhono d r fo e entering to his wark a commissioun is gevin be the Laird of Udny, Mr. James Forbes hail parochinaris and presbiteri till Mr. Thomas Gardin to desyre Tolquhon not to entir in conditionis with the said Thomas Leper unti e accompleisseh l e kirth sk wark accordins hi o gt contract."

The laird of this date was not William Forbes, builder of the castle, who died s son hi 1596ha n di ,t alsbu , o William castle erecteds Th s e.wa it s a , inscription informs us, between 1584 and 1589; but this extract from the Presbytery record tells us that work was still going on. Perhaps the fore- court was now a-building. That Thomas Leper had been the architect of the main castle is proved by his initials, T. L., still to be seen on the skew-putt of the turret gablet in the inner court. As I have formerly pointed out, the close resemblance in plan between e maith n buildin f Tolquhoo g ne neighbourin th Castl d an e g Housf o e Schivas,1 and the presence in both of the characteristic ornate and sometimes triplet gunloops, make it certain that Schivas also is a work of Thomas Leper. Even the nasty trick of the gunloop in the stair turret, plunged so ao commant s e maidth n doorbuildingso tw s commos i i , e t th I .o nt probable that we may recognise Leper's work also in a third building nearby —the vanished castle of Dumbreck: for among the carved fragments built int fare oth m building Maine th t ssa left-hanthere th s ei d orific triplea f eo t gunloop of the characteristic Tolquhon pattern.2 By contrast, a different

See J. Penton Wyness in Proceedings, vol. Ixiii. pp. 384-91; also The Book of Buchan, 1943, pp. 1213-40. Similar triplet gunloops, but very crudely wrought, are found in the round tower of Bllon Castle. 2 Thes certainle ear Thomay b t yno havsy Leperma e t beebu , n imitated fro works mhi . E TOLQUHOTH N AISLE, ETC. TARVEN I , S KIRKYARD3 12 .

hand muse w , t surely think, will have wrough crudele th t y designed gablet skew-finial, in the form of a head-mask, with a fleur-de-lis in the gablet, built into the steading at Nethermill of Tillyhilt, which is one of the few surviving fragments of Tillyhilt Castle. At Uppermill, a short distance to weste moro th tw , e stones from Tillyhilt Castl buile ear t int steadinge oth . One appears to have been the projecting lintel of a dormer •window, and displays in fanciful raised lettering with flourished serifs, the inscription I G . 1583 . R Gr. The other, a door lintel, is now much worn, but appears to bear the inscription, also in raised but plainer lettering, A N . W Gr . 16—: the date being no longer legible. These three stones from Tillyhilt Castle locae th ln i pin l al k e granitear . Non lease thef th eo ts mresemblancha e to any carved work at Tolquhon. Further afield, the site of Lesmoir Castle, near Rhyme, d sandstons yieldere ha 1 o dtw e figurines a half-lengt e on , h portrai gentlemaa f to n puttin gweight a t Crai a w g other e no ,Castle th d , an , als oa half-lengt h gentleman t Crathea w no , s Castle, whose kinship with the Tolquhon sculptures leaps to the eye. Bearing in mind that the builder of Tolquhon took his wife from Lesmoir, we cannot be amiss in believing that Leper did work at that castle also. So far as I am meantime aware, Thomas Leper has left no other trace in written record. Whence he came we do not know: but the two buildings whic e certainlhar highlo s s wor yhi e ykar individua d distinctivan l n ei their style, that I cannot but feel convinced he was an man. unwortht Aeventsl no t al s i e h ,tak yo t plac s ehi e besid contemporariess ehi , the Bells, that great family of master-masons to whom we owe some of mose th t gloriou latesr ou f tso Aberdeenshire castles. Before leaving Tolquhon Castle, one or two further notes may be set down in amplification or correction of my former account. MrMedd's plan of the first floor of Preston's Tower was unfortunately incorrect, and a revised versio reproduces ni d herewit fine eTh h heraldi (fig. ) 1) 2 . , c XX ston L e(P found amid the ruins of this tower bears the coat of arms of Sir John Forbes, the first laird of his line—the cross-crosslet being added to the Forbes bearings as a maternal difference, a charge taken from the arms of his mother, Margaret Kenned f Dunure.o y e largTh e2 mason's mar n thio k s stone recurs on the aumbry in the tower hall. It may therefore be accepted as reasonably certain that the tower was built by Sir John Forbes after he succeede properte th later e o do t time th n ryth f i ethao n i t n no 1420 d an , Prestons. Although smaller, this "Auld Tour t Tolquhoa " n ha a considerabls e resemblanc towee th t Pitsligo a ret o Castle, whic states hi havo dt e been built soon afte r Willia Si 142 y b 4m Forbes, firs f Pitsligoo t d eldean , r brother of the first Forbes laird of Tolquhon. At Pitsligo the tower hall

1 Proceedings, vol. Ixvi. 86-101. unsignen Thipointea s n i swa t dou contributio Bano nt Accord, 13th July 1939. 2 124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, 1945-46.

05 10 IS 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 first floor plan CASTLE AEE1P1EENSH111E

Fig. 1. Corrected Plan of Tolquhon Castle. (See Proceedings, vol. Ixxii. p. 271.) E TOLQUHOTH N AISLE, ETC. TARVEN ,I S KIRKYARD5 12 .

is vaulted. I suspect that this was the case also at Tolquhon, and that the downfale collapsth tower e vaulo e t th th f d f o l.e tle o

Agains e soutth t h wal f Tarveo p foul u rt sse seventeenth kire ar k - century monumental slabs of much interest. The first of these, in the same perdurabl d sandstonre e e eTolquho th use r fo d n Aisle, measure fee5 s t 5 inches long and 1 foot 11-J inches broad. In the centre of the upper part ishielsa florif do d design, bearing arms: ermine fesa n boar'a so , s head betwee. o crescentsR . ntw M eithen d O an e .initial . rth C sid e . ar esT In the lower half of the stone are a skull and a single bone. A band running round the stone bears the inscription: HEIR . LYIS . THOMAS . CRAIG . PVRSENANT . QVHA . DEPAIRTIT . YE . 19 . OP . MAII . 1J5|84 . AND . MARIORI E. RIDEL . SPOV S HI LS. . QVH A. DEPAIRTI T. YE . XV . APRILL . 1583. The lettering is incised, and the shield is sunk, the charges being left flush with the surface of the slab, so as to give the effect of low relief. In the same way, the skull and bone are set in a sunk circula inscriptione r th panel n O . e "Nth , PVRSENANn "i f o s Ti course a mason's mistake for "V"; and the "5" in the first year has been destroye damagy db stonee th o et . lef Oe thif no th t s monumen anothes i t r slab sam,e alsth en oi freestone, and of closely similar design. It measures 5 feet 5 inches long and 1 foot 8^ inches broad florie Th d. shield again bear e Craisth g arms, flankey db the initials W. C. and M. R., and below are a skull and bone incised, but not i npanela inscriptioe Th . n incised roun edge dth e reads thus: VLTIMA. . CRAI L DOM GV G. ROSJ3 . ' . IHERALD T MARIORIJE . I . E REITH^ El' . SPOSAE . QVA . SIBI . ET . SVIS . IN . DIE . RESVREJCTIONIS HIC . REQVIETVRIS: PROVIDERVT . 1617. The twcTlmiddle letters in the word " RESVRECTIONIS " are lost through the breaking out of a fragment of the stone. The lettering is much ligatured. Atheso st e early member College th f so Heraldsf eo Lore th , d Lyos nha been good enough to write the note which is printed at the end of the present paper. Nex theso t stone o coupla etw e sar e more slabs, simila generan ri l form but made out of a coarse granitoid rock with abundant black mica. These stones have weathered badly, and the inscriptions can be fully read only in a bright slanting sunlight, earle day—thoug th r lat yo n ei h then indeed they are almost quite clear. The first of these stones measures 5 feet 9^- inches by 1 foot 10 inches, and displays two heater^shaped shields, one above the other, in good relief, each terminating below in a peculiar elongated ogee point. The inscription, is incised on a band running round the slab, and carried in a second line across the upper shield. Its tenor is as follows: HEIR LYIS . MAISTER . 126 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , 1945-46. THOMAS . GARDYNE MINISTER AT TARVES . QVHA . DEPARTIT . ..F 3 missin..e O 16 . Th Y . gDA portion. . date . th ef E scannoo TH t no e madwb e out. Thomas Gardyn s ministewa e t Tarvea r s from 1593 until 1633. It was he who was deputed to wait upon the Laird of Tolquhon in the affair of Thomas Leper. The upper shield bears the arms, a boar's head erased, for Garden. The lower shield is now illegible.1 On either side are incised, in a different style of lettering from that of the main inscription, the initials W. L. Below the second shield are a skull and a single bone, set in an arched recess. The second slab measures 5 feet 6 inches by 1 foot 10 inches, and has a shallow edge-roll. Before the stone was carved, the lower dexter corner beed ha n broke nmouldine awayth d an , carries gi d roun cantee dth d angle. The incised inscriptio Gardyne th n arrangens o i s ea same stoney th den wa i . facOe displayee nth ar e dskula shiel a boned d an ldan , both within sunk rectangular panels f whico , e lowe hth s rounde ha r d edges shiele Th .s d i of the same peculiar form as that on the companion stone. It bears the Chalmers arms, a demi-lion rampant issuant from a fess. The inscription reads: HEI OHALME. S R ISBE NE LYID . G AN SLR A CHA. . L MER. , SPOS . TO . M. T. G. QVHA DEPERTIT . THE 20 NO . VEMBR. No room wae dateth s r lef, fo whict s nevehwa r carved. Isobel r ChalmeM s wa r Thomas Gardyne's wife Agned r sisteran ,doub o he sn s . wa t Beside this group of upright monuments is a fourth, built longwise into the foundation of the church. It measures 3 feet 3 inches long; the breadth canno ascertainede b t slabe th n , whicO f .granite o s h i d quitan , e plain, incisede ar boldn i , , well-formed letter figuresd . 1613san R . M ,. This paper, whic s dealhha t with ancient monument e villagth n sf i eo Tarves, may conclude by recording an inscribed granite lintel, showing a 2-i=r-inch chamfer, whic s beeha h n reuse a doo n o dr (now converted into a window e Aberdeeth n i ) n Arms Hotel t I bear .e inciseth s d legend: . 77 . R 4 1I 6.

R THOMANOTSI Y B E S INNE F LEARNEYO S , LYON KIN F ARMSGO . Practically nothin knows gi n about these Craigsarme th t s suggesbu , t there wa materiasa l connection with Gordon—or Garden. William Craig was Rothesay Herald by 1607, and is noticed in Aberdeen

Sasines 1st November 1602, and referred to 5th March 1623 and 8th October 1626. Accordin1 Andreo gt w Jervise (Epitaphs Inscriptions,d an vol. . ii352)p . arme ,th s were: Keith and Young, quarterly. The Keith pales can still be seen in a good light.