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In all cases we have filmed the best available copy. University Microfilms International BOO tv / t [ B HI) . AN t\i A H H O B . Ml .18 100 8121781 DELAME-WATTS, M. FRANCOISE ART, RHETORIQUE ET IDEOLOGIE DANS LA POESIE DES JEUX FLORAUX DE TOULOUSE AU SEIZIEME SIECLE (1513-1583). (FRENCH TEXT) The Ohio State University PH.D. 1981 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, M I 48106 Copyright issi by DELAME-WATTS, M. FRANCOISE All Rights Reserved ART, RHETORIQUE ET IDEOLOGIE DANS LA POESIE DES JEUX FLORAUX DE TOULOUSE AU SEIZIEME SIECLE (1513-1583) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By M. Franqoise Delame-Watts, licenciee et maitre es lettres, M.A. ********* The Ohio State University 1981 Reading Committee: Approved By Professor Hans Erich Keller Professor Robert D. Cottrell Adviser Department of Romance Professor Aristdbulo Pardo Languages and Literatures REMERCTEMENTS Cc travail n ’aurait pas etc possible sans les encouragements amicaux de Monsieur le Professeur Keller qui m'a fait decouvrir les multiples possi- bilites d'une oeuvre quasi inconnue ct qui ne s'est jamai . lasse de corri- ger les epreuvcs d'un travail encore hesitant. A Toulouse, le Secretaire de 1'Academic des Jeux Floraux, Monsieur Calberac, m'a genereusement ouvert le sanctuaire de Clemencc Isaure et m'a permis de consulter les precieux manu scrits du Livre Rouge et les Leys d'Amors ainsi quc les notes de M. de Gelis. La presence d'une tradition encore vivante a grandement stimule mon etude. Les remarques de Messieurs les Professeurs Cottrell, Pardo et Rule ont aussi attire mon attention sur des points qui manquaient de coherence ou de clarte. C'est a Julia que je dois la farouche determination de terminer cette etude qui pourra peut-etre plus tard lui servir d'exemple. A ines parents, qui ont su enraciner dans mon esprit la haute valour de 1'education, et a Gene qui a su en accepter les sacrifices, je voudrais que ce travail exprime toute ma gratitude. Marie-Sylvie Park et Peggy Kwik ont pu prouver que le metier de dactylo n'etait pas pure mecanique. VITA August 6, 1949 ....................... Born - Pau, France 1966 ................................... Baccalaureat en philosophie (mention bien) (etudes anglaises) 1966-1970.............................. Licence-es-lettres, Universite de Pau, France 1968-196 9 .............................. French "assistante" in a British Grammar School 1969-1979(summers) ................... Instructor of French at the Centre d'Ete des Pyrenees, Universite de Pau, France 1970-197 2 .............................. Maltrise-es-lettres, Universite de Pau, France (mention tres bien) 1971-197 2 .............................. Exchange graduate student at Indiana University, Bloomington 1972-197 3 .............................. Admissible a l'ecrit du CAPES d ’anglais, Universite de Toulouse, France 1974 ................................... M.A., Department of Romance Lan­ guages, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1974- ................................. Graduate Teaching Associate, Department of Romance Languages, Ohio State University, Columbus FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: French Literature Sixteenth Century French Literature. Professor Hans-Erich Keller Medieval French Literature. Professor Hans-Erich Keller Minor Field: Spanish and Latin American Literatures iii Les grAndes dates de l ’hlstoire de Toulouse (fin du XVe et XVIe siecle) 1443 creation definitive du parlement de Toulouse 1476 debut de l'imprimerie a Toulouse 1520 premiere eglise protestante 1532-1534 sejour d*Etienne Dolet a Toulouse 1532 premiere grande persecution contre les Reformes et les humanistes 1533 sejour de Franijois ler (hotel de Bernuy) 1535 sejour de Marguerite de Navarre 1544 debut de la construction du Pont Neuf 1549 creation de la bourse des marchands 1555-1562 construction de l'hotel d'Assezat 1562 graves troubles religieux, defaite des protestants fondation du College de Jesuites (1562 ou 1567?) 2 fevrier-19 mars 1565 sejour de Catherine de Medicis et Charles IX 1570 passage de l'armee protestante de Montgomery pres de Toulouse 3-4 octobre 1572 massacre des protestants ♦ 1589 assassinat du president du parlement Duranti TABLE DES MATIERES page REMERCIEMENTS .................................................. ii VITA ........................................................... _ iii INTRODUCTION................................. 1 Chapitre I. DU CONSISTOIRE DU "GAI SABER" AU COLLEGE DE RHETORIQUE: 1323-1583 ............................. 22 1. De 1*Institution du "Gal Saber" ........... 23 2. Le rituel ..................................... 32 Capltouls et Mainteneurs la Semonce les elections aux concours les recompenses les Triomphes 3. Les conditions des concours................ 41 4. Clemence Isaure: la Muse des Jeux Floraux 43 5. Les annees de misere ....................... 49 II. LES CONDITIONS DE LA VIE INTELLECTUELLE A TOULOUSE AU XVIe SIECLE ............................. 63 Introduction 1. Un discours institutionalise dans une societe de refus ............................ 64 2. Les forces en p l a c e .......................... 65 la bourgeoisie le Parlement et l’Universite les hommes 3. Le vent de la Reforme ........................ 76 Jean de Pins, Etienne Dolet et Jehan de Boysson le mecenat bourgeois 4. Les Jeux et les fetes ....................... 85 5. Situation linguistique ..................... 88 v page XII. LE DISCOURS DE LA GLOIRE ............................... 96 1. Pourquoi ecrire? ............................... 97 fonction sociale et culturelle fonction theologique 2. Quelques poetes ................................. 106 17. LA "LEGENDE" D'UNE EPOQUE ............................. 137 1. Une oeuvre collective ....................... 138 2. D i e u ............................................... 141 3. L'homme et ses angoiss.es........................ 144 la vanite de 1'existence le vide ("nihil") le chaos 4. Les "valeurs authentiques".................... 151 l'ordre et l'harmonie la vertu 5. Ideologie politique et religieuse ............ 161 le discours du Roi les Guerres de Religion 6. Une litterature engagee ........................ V. LE JEU DE LA FORME ...................................... 178 1. Le chant royal dans la tradition litteraire . 179 2. Les proportions du chant royal de Livre R o u g e ............................................. 186 3. Le refrain........................................ 190 4. L ' e n v o i ........................................... 199 5. La r i m e ........................................... 202 6. Les series modulantes ......... .... ........... 209 7. Les Leys d'Amors................................. 211 8. Le rythme ........................................ 214 9. La premiere generation de poetes (1539-1555) ...................................... 221 10. La deuxieme generation (1 5 5 6 - 1 5 8 3 ) ........... 228 VI. 'RHETORIQUE ET THEATRALITE ............................. 253 1. Rhetorique et poesie au XVIe siecle .......... 254 definition de la rhetorique rhetorique et societe 2. Thettralisation du discours ................... 255 la f£te officielle le modus gravis periphrases et metaphores vi 3. L'imagination poetique ............ euphorie/disphorie abstraction et symboles les images couleurs et lumiSres sensations relief et vide: la plastique le mouvement les metamorphoses le theme aquatique 4. La scene mythologique .............. CONCLUSION............................................. BIBLIOGRAPHIE ........................................ vii INTRODUCTION
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