LIST OF PLATES

Note: an asterisk before a plate number signifies that the illustration is in colour.

*1. Courtyard, south elevation of ’du khang (A. Alexander 2000) *2. Dzam bha la chapel, southern part of sanctum (J. Mueller 2003) 3. Ma ni dung phyur 2000 (A. Alexander) 4. Restoration of span bad frieze, using the traditional techniques and mate- rials (A. Alexander 1999) 5. Below: dur khrod bdag po, 19th-century mural, mineral colours on mud plaster; ’du khang building, south wall, east of entrance gate, re-traced and varnished during earlier private restoration in 1995 (J. Mueller 2003) 6. Amoghasiddhi and the Pañcarak$, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1991.74, (Purchase, Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Philanthropic Fund Gift, 1991, 68.9 x 54 cm). *7. Amoghasiddhi of the northern Quarter of a Vajradh$tumaala (Private collection). (Photo: owner of the collection). *8. Comparison of the Amoghasiddhi thang ka to the full represen- tation in Dungkar (Drawing, C. Luczanits) *9. Akobhya of the eastern quarter of a Vajradh$tu-related mandala (Private collection). (Photo: owner of the collection) *10. of the sourthern quarter of a Vajradh$tu-related mandala with 1000 Buddhas, Asian Art Museum of San Francisco (The Avery Brundage Collection, 1991.1). *11. of the centre of a Vajradh$tu-related mandala with 1000 Buddhas, Asian Art Museum of San Francisco (The Avery Brundage Collection, 1991.1). 12. Detail of the central panel with Vairocana, Asian Art Museum of San Francisco (The Avery Brundage Collection, 1991.1). 13. $kyamuni, ravakas, and donors, Gra thang, inner sanc- tum, west wall (After Henss 1994: fig. 5) 14. Head of a , Gra thang, inner sanctum (After Heller 1999: pl. 46) *15. Vairocana, The Cleveland Museum of Art (Mr and Mrs William Marlatt Fund, 1989.104) (after Kossak and Singer 1998: No.13) *16. Amoghasiddhi, detail of the head in plate 7 (Private collection). (Photo: owner of the collection) *17. Uavijay$, The Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg (X-2469). (After: Piotrovsky 1993: No.15) *18. Akobhya, detail of the throne back in plate 9 (Private collection). (Photo: owner of the collection) *19. Akobhya, detail of the legs in plate 9 (Private collection). (Photo: owner of the collection) 236 LIST OF PLATES

20. Ratnasambhava, Zhwa lu, Sgo gsum lha khang. (After Kreijger 1997: pl. 195). 21. Ratnasambhava, Zhwa lu, Bse sgo ma lha khang. (After Kossak and Singer 1998: fig. 21) * 22. Mahatt$r T$r$, Aas hasrik Prajñ p ramit , Asiatic Society, Calcutta (No. A 15, fol. 103v). (Photo: E. Allinger, No. 492/16) * 23. T$r$, Aas hasrik Prajñ p ramit , Asiatic Society, Calcutta (No. A 15, fol. 113r). (Photo: E. Allinger, No. 492/18) * 24. Lokevara, Aas hasrik Prajñ p ramit , Asiatic Society, Calcutta (No. A 15, fol. 145v). (Photo: E. Allinger, No. 492/24) 25. Mañjur, Pañcarak , University Library Cambridge (Add.1688, fol. 20r). (After Pal and Meech Pekarik, n.d.: pl. 8) 26. Virpa, The Kronos Collection (After Kossak and Singer 1998: No.35) 27. Scenes from the life of the Buddha, MS covers Aas hasrik Pr jñ paramit , London, British Library (Or.14203) (After Zwalf 1985: No.159, S 114) 28. Aas hasrik Prajñ p ramit , MS cover, Oxford, Bodleian Library (MS Sansk.a.7. After Barrett 1980: 52) *29. Four navagrahas, wall painting of the mgon khang at Lcang Sgang kha. *30. Gza’ zla ba, the navagraha Candra. *31. Dga’ bo, the n gar ja Nanda. *32. No rgyas ba, the n gar ja V$suki. *33. Khrums smad, the 25th constellation. *34. Khrums stod, the 24th constellation. *35. Khrums smad, the 25th constellation (detail). *36. Khrums stod, the 24th constellation (detail). *37. Bya’u, the 12th constellation. *38. Bra nye, the 17th constellation. 39. A nakatra, Zhwa lu monastery, mgon khang. 40. Mañjur, wall painting in Grwa thang monastery. 41. Head of a bodhisattva, wall painting in Zhwa lu monastery, eastern corri- dor of the old mgon khang. *42. $kyamuni gos sku, Gyantse Dpal ’khor chos sde, 1437/39m., appliqué silk brocade, ca. 22.5x22.5m. (Photo: M. Henss, 2001). 43. Avalokitevara, detail of $kyamuni gos sku (Photo: M. Henss, 2001). 44. Sems dpa’ chen po chos kyi rin chen (13th century), abbot of Gnas rny- ing, detail of $kyamuni gos sku. (Photo: M. Henss, 2001). 45. ’Jam dbyangs rin chen rgyal mtshan (1364–1422), abbot of Gnas rnying, detail of $kyamuni gos sku. (Photo: M. Henss, 2001). 46. Damaged silk brocades with inscriptions beneath on the backing cloth, detail of gos sku. (Photo: M. Henss, 2000). *47. Maitreya gos sku, Gyantse Dpal ’khor chos sde, 1437/39, appliqué silk brocade, ca. 23x27 m. (Photo: M. Henss, 2000). *48. Avalokitevara, detail of Maitreya gos sku. (Photo: M. Henss, 2000).