VIE Full Circle RE W THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY
ISSUE #162 - October 2020 U B U 10 NTU 20. ) m o c . r k c i l F ( k e r e D
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DDEEMMYYSSTTIIFFYYIINNGG NNMMAAPP THE NETWORK MAPPER full circle magazine #162 contents ^ Full Circle Magazine is neither affiliated with,1 nor endorsed by, Canonical Ltd. HowTo Full Circle THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY Python p.23 Linux News p.04
Podcast Production p.30 Command & Conquer p.20 Linux Loopback p.XX Everyday Ubuntu p.46
Rawtherapee p.33 Ubuntu Devices p.XX The Daily Waddle p.35 My Opinion p.XX
Krita For Old Photos p.40 My Story p.50 Letters p.59 Review p.57
Inkscape p.37 Q&A p.60 Review p.53 Ubuntu Games p.63 Graphics
The articles contained in this magazine are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. This means you can adapt, copy, distribute and transmit the articles but only under the following conditions: you must attribute the work to the original author in some way (at least a name, email or URL) and to this magazine by name ('Full Circle Magazine') and the URL www.fullcirclemagazine.org (but not attribute the article(s) in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must distribute the resulting work under the same, similar or a compatible license. Full Circle magazine is entirely independent of Canonical, the sponsor of the Ubuntu projects, and the views and opinions in the magazine should in no way be assumed to have Canonical endorsement. full circle magazine #162 2 contents ^ EEDDIITTOORRIIAALL
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WELCOME TO THE LATEST ISSUE OF FULL CIRCLE
his month, we have the usual suspects of Python, Inkscape, Krita and Rawtherapee, Podcast T Production but Erik begins a new series (in Command & Conquer) about Nmap. To paraphrase Groucho Marx: "it may look complicated, it may sound complicated, but don't let it fool you. It really is complicated". But this month brings the Krita series to an end.
I'm sure you know by now that the next version of Ubuntu, and it's cousins, have been released. Well, Adam Hunt springs to the rescue with a review of the brand spanking new Ubuntu 20.10 with reviews of the other flavors in the coming months.
Elsewhere, we have an excellent piece from Hüseyin about how, in 2015, a municipality in Find Full Circle on: Turkey converted to using Pardus Linux and LibreOffice. It just shows how it can be done! facebook.com/ fullcirclemagazine That's it for this month. Stay safe and well! twitter.com/#!/fullcirclemag http://issuu.com/ All the best, and keep in touch! fullcirclemagazine Ronnie https://mastodon.social/ [email protected] @fullcirclemagazine
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full circle magazine #162 3 contents ^ NNEEWWSS Submitted by ErikTheUnready
LIBREOFFICE CELEBRATES 10 Rust as a hobby, presented a comic, includes tools for running more but quite working draft DOS than 85 thousand games and YEARS OF THE PROJECT OPENSSH 8.4 RELEASED: : Subsystem for Linux (DSL). It is applications, both specially 28.09.2020 28.09.2020 positioned as an alternative to the developed for the GNU / Linux WSL (Windows Subsystem for platform, and games for Windows he LibreOffice community has fter four months of Linux) subsystem developed by launched with PlayOnLinux, celebrated ten years since its development , the release of T A Microsoft for those who prefer to CrossOver and Wine, as well as inception. Ten years ago, the OpenSSH 8.4 is presented, an open work in DOS. Like WSL, the DSL older games for MS-DOS and leading developers of client and server implementation subsystem allows you to directly games for various game consoles OpenOffice.org formed a new non- for the SSH 2.0 and SFTP launch Linux applications, not from (Sega, Nintendo, PSP, Sony profit organization, The Document protocols."OpenSSH is a 100% Windows, but from the MS-DOS or PlayStation, ZX Spectrum). Foundation, to continue the complete SSH protocol 2.0 FreeDOS command shell. The development of the office suite as implementation and includes sftp subsystem sources are distributed The distribution kit is built on a project independent of Oracle, client and server support." under the AGPLv3 license. Ubuntu 20.04 and includes all not requiring developers to updates, as of September 2020. transfer property rights to the Just a long list of changes: A DOS environment with a DSL code and making decisions based layer can be run in the form of a https://ualinux.com/ru/news/reliz- on the principles of meritocracy. https://lists.mindrot.org/pipermail/ QEMU virtual machine, or installed ubuntu-gamepack-20-04- openssh-unix-dev/2020-September/ on real hardware. Linux programs platformy-dlya-zapuska-igr The project was created a year 038826.html are launched using the dsl utility, after the takeover of Sun similar to the wsl utility. Microsystems due to MIR DISPLAY SERVER 2.1 dissatisfaction with the tight DSL (DOS SUBSYSTEM FOR https://twitter.com/charliesome/ RELEASED: control of development by Oracle, status/1308061921032110085 09/29/2020 which prevented interested LINUX) PROJECT FOR companies from connecting to RUNNING LINUX he release of the display server RELEASE OF UBUNTU collaboration. APPLICATIONS FROM MS- T Mir 2.1 is out, the development GAMEPACK 20.04: is continued by Canonical, despite ENVIRONMENT https:// DOS : 09/29/2020 the abandonment of the 09/28/2020 blog.documentfoundation.org/ development of the Unity shell and blog/2020/09/27/libreoffice-10th- buntu GamePack 20.04 is the Ubuntu edition for harlie Somerville, who develops anniversary/ U available for download, which smartphones. Mir remains in C the CrabOS operating system in full circle magazine #162 4 contents ^ NEWS demand in Canonical projects and about 1600 interactive text games, https://lists.freedesktop.org/ of using the Xen Hypervisor on is now positioned as a solution for including games from LucasArts, archives/mesa-announce/2020- Raspberry Pi 4 boards. Adapting embedded devices and the Humongous Entertainment, September/000600.html Xen to work on previous versions Internet of Things (IoT). Mir can be Revolution Software, Cyan and of Raspberry Pi boards was used as a composite server for Sierra, such as Maniac Mansion, OBS STUDIO 26.0 VIDEO hampered by the use of a non- Wayland, which allows any Monkey Island, Broken Sword, standard interrupt controller that application that uses Wayland (for Myst, Blade Runner, King's Quest 1- STREAMING SYSTEM does not have support for example, built with GTK3 / 4, Qt5, 7 , Space Quest 1-6, Discworld, RELEASED: virtualization. The Raspberry Pi 4 or SDL2) to run in Mir-based Simon the Sorcerer, Beneath A 30.09.2020 used the usual GIC-400 interrupt environments. Installation Steel Sky, Lure of the Temptress, controller supported in Xen, and packages are prepared for Ubuntu and The Legend of Kyrandia. BS Studio 26.0 for streaming, the developers expected that there 18.04-20.10 ( PPA ) and Fedora O streaming, compositing and would be no problems starting Xen. 30/31/32 . The project code is https://www.scummvm.org/news/ video recording is out. The code is But in reality, everything turned distributed under the GPLv2 20200927/ written in C / C++ and is distributed out not to be as expected, and in license. under the GPLv2 license. Binaries order to make Xen work on the MESA 20.2.0, A FREE are generated for Linux, Windows Raspberry Pi 4, noticeable changes https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ and macOS. had to be made to the code to mir-2-1-0-release/18527 IMPLEMENTATION OF work with memory. The fixes were OPENGL AND VULKAN The development goal of OBS included in the Linux 5.9 kernel, SCUMMVM 2.2.0 IS OUT: RELEASED: Studio is to create a free version of and now Xen is recognized as ready for virtualization on Raspberry Pi 4 09/29/2020 09/29/2020 the Open Broadcaster Software application, not tied to the boards. he release of the free cross- epresented by release of free Windows platform, supporting https://xenproject.org/2020/09/29/ platform interpreter of classic API OpenGL implementation OpenGL and extensible via plugins. T R xen-on-raspberry-pi-4-adventures/ games, ScummVM 2.2.0 was and Vulkan - Mesa 20.2.0 . In Mesa released, which replaces 20.2 implemented full support for https://github.com/obsproject/obs- executable files for games and OpenGL 4.6 for GPU Intel (i965 studio/releases/tag/26.0.0 PALE MOON 28.14 allows many classic games to run drivers, iris) and AMD (radeonsi), BROWSER RELEASED: on platforms for which they were OpenGL support 4.5 for GPU AMD XEN HYPERVISOR SUPPORTS 30.09.2020 not originally intended. The project (r600), NVIDIA ( nvc0) and llvmpipe, RASPBERRY PI 4 BOARD: code is distributed under the OpenGL 4.3 for virgl (virtual the 30.09.2020 he Pale Moon 28.14 web GPLv2 license. GPU Virgil3D for QEMU / KVM), as T browser has been released, a well as Vulkan 1.2 support for Intel he developers of the Xen fork of the Firefox codebase to In total, it is possible to launch and AMD cards. project announced the provide better work efficiency, more than 250 quest games and T implementation of the possibility preserve the classic interface, full circle magazine #162 5 contents ^ NEWS minimize memory consumption specifications for the OpenGL pache Software Foundation and provide additional family, Vulkan and OpenCL, Organization introduced A FEDORA LINUX EDITION FOR customization options. Pale Moon announced the publication of the Apache NetBeans 12.1, which binaries are built for Windows and final specifications for OpenCL 3.0 , provides support for Java SE SMARTPHONES INTRODUCED: Linux (x86 and x86_64). The project defining APIs and extensions of the programming languages, Java EE, 02.10.2020 code is distributed under the C language for organizing cross- PHP, C / C ++, JavaScript and MPLv2 (Mozilla Public License) platform parallel computing using Groovy. This is the seventh release fter ten years of inactivity, the license. multi-core CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, made by the Apache Foundation A Fedora Mobility team is back DSPs and other specialized chips. since Oracle donated NetBeans on track to develop an official The project adheres to the From those used in code. edition of the Fedora mobile classic organization of the supercomputers and cloud servers distribution. Fedora Mobility is interface, without switching to the to chips that can be found in https://blogs.apache.org/netbeans/ designed to be installed on the Australis interface integrated into mobile devices and embedded entry/announce-apache-netbeans- PinePhone smartphone developed Firefox 29, and providing ample technology. The OpenCL standard 12-1 by the Pine64 community. Future customization options. Remote is completely open and does not editions of Fedora and other smartphones, such as the Librem 5 components include DRM, Social require royalties. UBUNTU 20.10 BETA API, WebRTC, PDF viewer, Crash and OnePlus 5 / 5T, are expected to Reporter, code for collecting At the same time, an open RELEASED: emerge with support in the stock statistics, parental controls and source OpenCL SDK with tools, 02.10.2020 Linux kernel. people with disabilities. Compared examples, documentation, header to Firefox, the browser retains files, bindings for C ++ and C he beta release of Ubuntu Currently, a set of mobile support for XUL technology and libraries for developing T 20.10 "Groovy Gorilla" is packages has been added to the retains the ability to use both full- applications compatible with available for testing, which marked Fedora 33 (rawhide) repository , fledged and lightweight themes. OpenCL 3.0 was published. a complete freeze of the package which includes a touch-controlled base and moved on to final testing custom Phosh shell. The Phosh https://forum.palemoon.org/ https://www.khronos.org/blog/ and bug fixes. The release is shell is developed by Purism for the viewtopic.php? opencl-3.0-specification-finalized- scheduled for October 22nd. Pre- Librem 5 smartphone, uses the t=25306&p=200477#p200477 and-initial-khronos-open-source- built test images are created for Phoc composite server running on opencl-sdk-released Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, top of Wayland, and is based on Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu GNOME technologies (GTK, OPENCL 3.0 FINAL Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu GSettings, DBus). SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED: APACHE NETBEANS IDE and UbuntuKylin. 09/30/2020 12.1 RELEASE: https://www.mail-archive.com/ 01.10.2020 https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ devel- hronos, which is responsible ubuntu-announce/2020-October/ [email protected]/ K for the development of 000262.html msg02379.html full circle magazine #162 6 contents ^ NEWS NEXTCLOUD HUB 20 NMAP 7.90 NETWORK Elbrus-12S, Elbrus-2S3, Elbrus-8SV, In 1985, a year after the GNU Elbrus-8S, Elbrus-1S +, Elbrus-1SK Project was founded, Richard COLLABORATION PLATFORM ECURITY CANNER S S and Elbrus-4S), SPARC V9 (R2000, Stallman founded the Free RELEASED: RELEASE: R2000 +, R1000) and x86_64. Software Foundation. The 03.10.2020 10/04/2020 Assemblies for Elbrus processors organization was formed to defend are supplied on a commercial basis, against dubious companies caught resented the release of the ore than a year after the last and the edition for x86_64 systems in the misappropriation of code P Nextcloud Hub 20 platform, M release, the release of Nmap is declared as freely distributed and trying to sell some of the first which provides a self-contained 7.90, designed to audit a network and free GNU Project tools developed by solution for organizing and identify active network Stallman and his associates. Three collaboration between employees services. The composition included http://mcst.ru/ years later, Stallman drafted the of enterprises and teams 3 new NSE-scripts to provide elbrus_linux_6_release_statement first version of the GPL license, developing various projects. automation of various actions with which defined the legal framework Simultaneously published Nmap. They added over 1200 new for the free software distribution underlying Nextcloud Hub signatures for detecting network THE FREE SOFTWARE model. On September 17 last year, Nextcloud cloud platform 20, applications and operating Stallman stepped down as allowing the cloud to expand systems. FOUNDATION TURNS 35: president of the Free Software support synchronization and data 10/05/2020 Foundation, and Jeffrey Knuth was exchange, providing the ability to https://seclists.org/nmap- elected two months ago. view and modify data from any announce/2020/1 he Free Software Foundation is device at any point in the network T celebrating its 35th https://www.fsf.org/blogs/ (using a web-interface or WebDAV). anniversary. The celebration will community/fsf-at-35-join-us-in- take place in the form of an online The Nextcloud server can be ELBRUS LINUX 6.0 celebrating-the-incredible- deployed on any hosting that event, which is scheduled for community supports PHP scripts and provides RELEASED: October 9. Among the ways to access to SQLite, MariaDB / MySQL, 10/05/2020 celebrate the anniversary, it is also or PostgreSQL. The Nextcloud suggested to experiment with UBUNTU RESCUEPACK, LIVE sources are distributed under the ussian MCST Company installing one of the completely AGPL license. R presented Elbrus Linux 6.0 free GNU / Linux distributions, try DISTRIBUTION: distribution, built using the Debian to master GNU Emacs, switch to 05.10.2020 https://nextcloud.com/blog/ GNU / Linux and the LFS projects. free versions of proprietary nextcloud-hub-20-debuts- Elbrus Linux is not a rebuild, but an software, participate in promoting buntu RescuePack is available dashboard-unifies-search-and- independent distribution kit freejs, or switch to using the F- U for download, designed to notifications-integrates-with-other- developed by Elbrus architecture Droid directory of Android detect malware and cure infected technologies/ developers. Supported systems applications . computers. Includes antivirus with Elbrus processors (Elbrus-16S, packages of ESET NOD32 4, full circle magazine #162 7 contents ^ NEWS BitDefender, COMODO, eScan, F- he release of the Ephemeral 7 license. Supported work in Linux, RHEL 8.x branch and will be PROT and ClamAV (ClamTk). The T web browser, developed by the Windows and Android. There is a supported until June 2024. The distro is also equipped with tools elementary OS development team binding for the Python language. first phase of support for the RHEL for recovering deleted files. The specifically for this Linux An example is the History Leaks 7.x branch, which includes size of the bootable Live image is distribution, has been published . game created for the GameBoy functional improvements, is 2.6 GB. For development, the Vala JAM competition . complete. The release of RHEL 7.9 language, GTK3 + and the follows the transition to the The disk runs, without launching WebKitGTK engine were used (the https://github.com/Madour/ maintenance phase, in which the the main operating system project is not a branch of NasNas priorities have shifted towards bug installed on the computer (MS Epiphany ). The code is distributed fixes and security, with minor Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, under the GPLv3 license. Ready- improvements related to etc.), to conduct a full anti-virus made binaries are made only for RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX supporting critical hardware scan to detect and remove viruses, elementary OS (the recommended systems. Trojans, rootkits, worms, spyware price is $ 9, but you can choose an 7.9 AND ORACLE LINUX 7.9 and ransomware in the system. The arbitrary amount, including 0). The RELEASED: https://access.redhat.com/ use of an external disk prevents browser can be compiled from the 08.10.2020 announcements/5440131 malware from interfering with the source code for other distributions neutralization and restoration of as well. ed Hat has released Red Hat the infected system. Data R Enterprise Linux 7.9 (the new CALLA, AN AUDIO / VIDEO validation is supported in FAT, https://cassidyjames.com/blog/ version was announced a week ago FAT32, exFAT, NTFS, HFS, HFS +, ephemeral-7-developer-tools/ only on the access.redhat.com CONFERENCING PLATFORM IN btrfs, e2fs, ext2, ext3, ext4, jfs, portal, the announcement did not THE FORM OF AN RPG GAME nilfs, reiserfs, reiser4, xfs and zfs appear on the mailing list or in the AVAILABLE: file systems. NASNAS 2D GAME press release section ). RHEL 7.9 08.10.2020 installation images are available for https://ualinux.com/ru/ubuntu- DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK download by registered Red Hat he Calla project is developing rescuepack INTRODUCED: Customer Portal users only and are T an audio and video 06.10.2020 prepared for x86_64, IBM POWER7 conferencing system that allows +, POWER8 (big endian and little multiple participants to speak RELEASE OF THE EPHEMERAL he NasNas project is developing endian), and IBM System z simultaneously. Usually, during a modular framework for architectures. The package sources 7 BROWSER, DEVELOPED BY T online conferences, only one developing 2D games in C ++, using can be downloaded from the participant is allowed to speak, and ELEMENTARY OS: the SFML library for rendering and CentOS project Git repository . simultaneous discussions are 06.10.2020 focusing on games in the pixel art problematic. In Calla, to organize style. The code is written in C++ 17 The RHEL 7.x branch is being natural communication, in which and distributed under the Zlib maintained in parallel with the full circle magazine #162 8 contents ^ NEWS several people can speak at the the audio codecs installed in the OS increase the stability of the 2.10 same time, they propose to use are used (connected via branch, is out . A flatpak package is navigation in the form of an RPG QtMultimedia). The code is written available for installation (the snap game. The project is written in in C++ using the Qt library and is package has not been updated yet). JavaScript, uses the free Jitsi Meet distributed under the GPLv3 GIMP 2.10.22 is a bug fix release, FULL CIRCLE WEEKLY platform and is distributed under license. Binaries are prepared for which for once contains mostly NEWS the MIT license. Windows and Linux distributions of maintenance changes in core code. openSUSE, Debian, Fedora, Ubuntu, See: https://www.calla.chat/ CentOS and Mageia. Features include the ability to use Internet https://www.gimp.org/news/ radio with playlists in m3u and pls 2020/10/07/gimp-2-10-22- THE RELEASE OF THE MPZ formats, CUE support, the ability to released/ remotely control the player using MUSIC PLAYER 1.0 the MPRIS protocol, log playback, 08.10.2020 settings in yaml format. SURICATA INTRUSION he first stable release of mpz https://github.com/olegantonyan/ DETECTION SYSTEM 6.0 T music player optimized for mpz/releases/tag/1.0.0 RELEASED: large local music collections. Mpz's 08.10.2020 Join our new host Leo approach is inspired by the "album Chavez as he presents you list" function in Foobar2000. The fter a year of development, the with a short podcast main feature is a three-pane RELEASE OF GIMP 2.10.22: 08.10.2020 A Open Information Security (<10min) with just the news. interface where you can create Foundation (OISF) has released No chit-chat. No time playlists from catalogs and switch Suricata 6.0, a network intrusion wasting. Just the latest between playlists. During playback, IMP 2.10.22 , which continues G to hone functionality and detection and prevention system FOSS/Linux/ Ubuntu news. RSS: http:// fullcirclemagazine. org/feed/podcast
full circle magazine #162 9 contents ^ NEWS that provides a means of ONLYOFFICE 6.0 RELEASED: inspecting various types of traffic. he Live-distribution, Redo 19.10.2020 At the same time, a new release Suricata configurations can use the T Rescue 2.0.6 , designed to of OnlyOffice DocumentServer 6.0 signature base developed by the create backups and restore the new release of the OnlyOffice was announced with the Snort project, as well as the system in case of failure or data A 6.0 suite is available , designed implementation of a server for Emerging Threats and Emerging corruption, is out. State slices for working with text documents, working with OnlyOffice online Threats Pro rulesets . The source created by the distribution can be spreadsheets and presentations. editors from a web browser for code of the project is distributed fully or selectively cloned to a new The editors are desktop collaboration. You can also use the under the GPLv2 license. disk (creating a new partition table) applications that are written in Nextcloud Hub platform for or used to restore system integrity JavaScript using web technologies, collaboration at your facilities, https://suricata-ids.org/2020/10/08/ after malware activity, hardware but combine client and server which provides full integration with suricata-6-0-0-released/ failures, or accidental data components in one set, designed OnlyOffice. deletion. The distribution uses the for self contained use on the user's Debian codebase and partclone local system, without accessing an https://www.onlyoffice.com/blog/ FREETYPE 2.10.3 FONT toolkit from the Clonezilla project . external service. The project code 2020/10/onlyoffice-desktop- Redo Rescue's own work is is distributed under the free license editors-v6-0-with-pivot-tables/ ENGINE RELEASE : distributed under the GPLv3 AGPLv3 . 11.10.2020 license. The size of the iso image is 410MB. OnlyOffice claims full ntroducing FreeType 2.10.3 , a JAMI DECENTRALIZED compatibility with MS Office and modular font engine that I Backups can be saved both to OpenDocument formats. COMMUNICATION CLIENT provides a single API for unifying locally attached media (USD Flash, Supported formats: DOC, DOCX, RELEASED: the processing and output of font CD / DVD, disks), and to external ODT, RTF, TXT, PDF, HTML, EPUB, 20.10.2020 data in various vector and raster partitions, which are accessed via XPS, DjVu, XLS, XLSX, ODS, CSV, formats. NFS, SSH, FTP or Samba / CIFS (an PPT, PPTX, ODP. Functionality of he first release of the Jami automatic search for shared the editors can be expanded decentralized communications https://www.mail-archive.com/ T sections). It supports remote through plugins, for example, platform , codenamed "Together", freetype[email protected]/ management of backup and plugins are available for creating was announced. Jami is one of the msg00124.html restore using VNC or web templates and adding videos from GNU projects and was previously interface. YouTube. Binaries for Windows, developed under the name Ring macOS and Linux (deb- and rpm- (previously SFLphone), but was REDO RESCUE 2.0.6 https://github.com/redorescue/ packages, packages in Snap, renamed in 2018 to avoid RELEASE, BACKUP AND redorescue/releases/tag/2.0.6 Flatpak and AppImage formats will trademark infringement. The code also be generated in the near is distributed under the GPLv3 RECOVERY DISTRIBUTION: future ). license. Binaries are prepared for 11.10.2020 full circle magazine #162 10 contents ^ NEWS GNU / Linux (Debian, Ubuntu, version control systems, providing installation (620 MB). Live images VIRTUALBOX 6.1.16 Fedora, SUSE, RHEL, etc.), flexible non-linear development are delayed. ELEASES Windows, macOS, iOS, Android and tools based on branching and R : 10/21/2020 Android TV. Several options for merging. To ensure the integrity of The main differences from RHEL interfaces based on Qt , GTK and history and resistance to changes come down to rebranding and racle has published a patch Electron are being developed . "retroactively", implicit hashing of cleaning up the bindings to Red Hat release for VirtualBox 6.1.16 , Unlike traditional communication the entire previous history in each services. Scientific-specific O which includes 15 fixes . clients, Jami is able to transfer commit is used, it is also possible to applications, as well as additional messages without contacting certify with digital signatures of drivers, are offered for installation https://www.mail-archive.com/ external servers through the developers of individual tags from external repositories such as [email protected]/ establishing a direct connection and commits. Compared to the EPEL and elrepo.org . Before msg00208.html between users using end-to-end previous release, 627 changes were upgrading to Scientific Linux 7.9, it encryption (end-to-end, keys are adopted in the new version, is recommended to run 'yum clean present only on the client side) and prepared with the participation of all' to clear the cache. authentication based on X.509 89 developers, of which 24 took TRUENAS 12 NETWORK certificates. In addition to secure part in the development for the https://www.mail-archive.com/ STORAGE: messaging, the program allows you first time. scientific-linux- 21.10.2020 to make voice and video calls, [email protected]/ create teleconferences, exchange https://lkml.org/lkml/ msg00054.html Xsystems introduced TrueNAS files, organize shared access to files 2020/10/19/692 i 12 , the distribution for the rapid and screen content. deployment of network-attached NETBSD 9.1 RELEASES: storage (NAS, Network-Attached https://jami.net/together-the-new- SCIENTIFIC LINUX 7.9 21.10.2020 Storage) . TrueNAS 12 is based on version-of-jami-and-a-new-step- the FreeBSD 12 codebase, with RELEASED: forward/ integrated ZFS support and web- 10/21/2020 etBSD 9.1 operating system is N out. There are 820 MB based management built using the Python Django framework. FTP, cientific Linux 7.9, built on Red installation images prepared for NFS, Samba, AFP, rsync and iSCSI GIT 2.29 DISTRIBUTED Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9 and download , available in assemblies S are supported to organize access to SOURCE MANAGEMENT supplemented with tools oriented for 57 system architectures and 16 the storage, software RAID (0,1,5) for use in scientific institutions is different CPU families. RELEASED: can be used to improve storage available. The distribution is 20.10.2020 reliability, LDAP / Active Directory supplied for the x86_64 https://blog.netbsd.org/tnf/entry/ support is implemented for client architecture, in the form of DVD netbsd_9_1_released he Git 2.29.0 is now available . authorization. The size of the iso images (9.9 GB and 7 GB), plus a T Git is one of the most popular, image is 827MB (x86_64). reliable, and high-performance reduced image for network full circle magazine #162 11 contents ^ NEWS telephone conferences and call recommendations promoted by the The TrueNAS distribution is the centers. The source code of the For add-on developers, two new DNS flag day 2020 initiative, the result of the merger of the project is available under the GPLv2 APIs are proposed default buffer size for EDNS has FreeNAS distribution and the license. Asterisk 18 (LTS), for which browser.tabs.sendMessage for been reduced from 4096 to 1232 commercial TrueNAS platform. For updates will be issued for five years passing messages between add-on bytes. The change will eliminate IP historical reasons, FreeNAS and instead of the usual two years. components and fragmentation issues when TrueNAS were developed, tested Support for the past LTS branch messageDisplayScripts for processing large UDP messages, and released separately, despite Asterisk 16 will last until October connecting content processing the processing of which often leads the large amount of common code 2023, and Asterisk branch 13 until scripts that work in the context of to packet loss and timeouts on the (95%). Users are offered two October 2021. LTS releases focus the displayed message. Added client side. editions of TrueNAS CORE and on stability and performance support for working with multiple TrueNAS Enterprise. TrueNAS optimization, while regular releases highlighted messages in the In addition, a release of CORE is similar to FreeNAS and is prioritize functionality messageDisplay API . The PowerDNS Recursor 4.4 caching free. TrueNAS Enterprise is paid enhancements. compose.begin function DNS server is available, which is and includes additional enterprise implements the ability to create a responsible for recursive name capabilities. https://www.mail-archive.com/ message with attached resolution. PowerDNS Recursor is asterisk- attachments. built on the same codebase as the https://www.ixsystems.com/blog/ [email protected]/ PowerDNS Authoritative Server, library/truenas-12-0-release/ msg00779.html https://www.thunderbird.net/en- but PowerDNS recursive and US/thunderbird/78.4.0/ authoritative DNS servers evolve releasenotes/ through different development cycles and are released as separate ASTERISK 18 THUNDERBIRD MAIL CLIENT products. The project code is COMMUNICATION PLATFORM 78.4.0 UPDATE: distributed under the GPLv2 10/22/2020 BIND 9.16.8 DNS AVAILABLE: license. 10/21/2020 SERVERS AND POWERDNS he main changes in the new RECURSOR 4.4.0 RELEASED: The server provides tools for version are related to improved fter a year of development, a T 10/22/2020 remote statistics collection, support for add-ons new stable branch of the open supports instant restart, has a built- A (MailExtensions). Among the non- communication platform Asterisk ug fix update to DNS-server in engine for connecting handlers add-on features, the migration of 18 was released, which is used to BIND 9.11.24 and 9.16.8 stable in the Lua language, fully supports users of Yahoo and AOL mail B deploy software PBXs, voice branches, as well as the DNSSEC, DNS64, RPZ (Response services from password communication systems, VoIP development of experimental Policy Zones), and allows you to authentication to the OAuth2 gateways, organization of IVR branches 9.17.6. In new versions, in connect blacklists. It is possible to mechanism is the other notable systems (voice menu), voice mail, accordance with the record the results of resolving as change. BIND zone files. To ensure high full circle magazine #162 12 contents ^ NEWS performance, modern mechanisms https://github.com/github/dmca/ with a redesigned desktop for multiplexing connections in blob/master/2020/10/2020-10-23- environment. Pop! _OS is based on RIAA BLOCKS YOUTUBE-DL FreeBSD, Linux and Solaris (kqueue, RIAA.md Ubuntu 20.10 base . The epoll, / dev / poll) are used, as well REPOSITORY ON GITHUB: developments of the project are as a high-performance DNS packet 10/23/2020 distributed under the GPLv3 parser capable of processing tens GDB 10 DEBUGGER license. ISOs are generated for of thousands of parallel requests. itHub has blocked the x86_64 architecture with NVIDIA G repository and all mirrors of RELEASED: ( 2.2 GB ) and Intel / AMD ( 2.6 GB ) https://www.mail-archive.com/ the youtube-dl project, which is 10/25/2020 graphics chips . [email protected]/ developing a command line utility msg00586.html for downloading videos from DB 10.1 is out. (first release Pop!_OS comes with a modified YouTube and other sites. It was G 10.x series branch 10.0 was GNOME Shell, the original blocked under the US Digital used for development). GDB system76-pop theme, its own set Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) supports source-level debugging of icons, different fonts (Fira and following a complaint from the for a wide variety of programming UBUNTU 20.10 RELEASED: Roboto Slab), changed settings and Recording Industry Association of languages (Ada, C, C ++, Objective- 10/22/2020 an extended set of drivers. America (RIAA). C, Pascal, Go, Rust, etc.) on a variety of hardware (i386, amd64, he release of Ubuntu 20.10 https://blog.system76.com/post/ The claims boil down to the ARM, Power, Sparc, RISC- V, etc.) "Groovy Gorilla" is available, 632781631953027072/whats-new- T presence in the repository of code and software platforms (GNU / which is classified as an interim in-popos-2010 with examples of downloading Linux, * BSD, Unix, Windows, release, updates will be available licensed content from YouTube. In macOS). for 9 months (support will be particular, in the code of scripts for carried out until July 2021). Pre- LINUX KERNEL 5.9 extracting video, there is a section https://sourceware.org/pipermail/ built test images are created for with tests of correctness of work, in gdb/2020-October/048987.html RELEASED: Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server , Lubuntu , which links to materials whose 10/12/2020 Kubuntu , Ubuntu Mate , Ubuntu copyright belongs to RIAA Budgie , Ubuntu Studio , Xubuntu participants are indicated as fter two months of and UbuntuKylin (China edition). POP!_OS 20.10 RELEASED: examples to be checked. Tests are 10/25/2020 A development, Linus Torvalds also used to verify that the age has released Linux kernel 5.9. https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ restriction and encrypted content Among the most notable changes: ubuntu-announce/2020-October/ ystem76, a company download (cipher_signature) limiting the import of symbols from 000263.html S specializing in the production of bypass is working, and these bypass laptops, PCs and servers shipped proprietary modules into GPL- targets are explicitly indicated in with Linux, published Pop!_OS modules, speeding up context the test notes. 20.10. It is developed for delivery switching operations using the to System76 products and comes FSGSBASE processor instruction full circle magazine #162 13 contents ^ NEWS set, support for compressing the October 13, 2000, Sun and all development in recent kernel image using Zstd, Microsystems released the source years has been concentrated in PITIVI VIDEO EDITOR redesigning the prioritization of code for the office suite StarOffice, LibreOffice. Compared to threads in the kernel, support for 2020.09 RELEASED: which was created in the early 90s OpenOffice, LibreOffice has such PRP (Parallel Redundancy 12.10.2020 by Star Division, under a free features as export in OOXML Protocol ), throughput scheduling license. In 1999, Star Division was (.docx, .xlsx) and EPUB formats, in the deadline scheduler, paging fter two years of development, taken over by Sun Microsystems, digitally signed documents, ahead of time, A the release of the free, which took one of the most significant Calc performance CAP_CHECKPOINT_RESTOR nonlinear video editing system important steps in open source optimizations, a redesigned capability flag, close_range () Pitivi 2020.09 is available , history — making StarOffice a free NotebookBar interface, Pivot system call, dm-crypt performance providing such features as support project. In 2010, Oracle got its Charts, watermarks, and secure improvements, code removal for for an unlimited number of layers, hands on OpenOffice along with mode (Safe Mode). 32-bit Xen PV guests, new slab saving a complete history of other Sun Microsystems projects, memory management mechanism, operations with the ability to but after a year of trying to Despite stagnation and a virtual Btrfs "rescue" option, ext4 and rollback, displaying thumbnails on a develop OpenOffice.org in-house, lack of support, the OpenOffice F2FS inline encryption support. timeline, and support for typical it handed the project over to the brand remains strong with video and audio processing Apache Foundation. The last patch downloads still in the millions and The new version received 16074 operations. The editor is written in release of Apache OpenOffice 4.1.7 many users are unaware of fixes from 2011 developers, the Python using GTK + (PyGTK), GES was a year ago, and there have LibreOffice. The LibreOffice size of the patch is 62 MB (the ( GStreamer Editing Services ) and been no major releases in 6 years. developers have invited the changes affected 14,548 files, can work with all audio and video The initiative to develop a free OpenOffice project to inform its 782,155 lines of code added, formats supported by GStreamer, office suite was intercepted by the users about the existence of an 314,792 lines removed). About 45% including MXF (Material eXchange LibreOffice project, which was actively maintained and more of all changes introduced in 5.9 are Format). The code is distributed created in 2010 due to functional product that continues related to device drivers, under the LGPL license. dissatisfaction with Oracle's tight the development of OpenOffice approximately 15% of changes are control over OpenOffice.org and includes new features that related to updating code specific to https://blog.pitivi.org/2020/10/11/ development, which prevents modern users need. hardware architectures, 13% are pitivi-2020-09-hocus-focus/ interested companies from related to the network stack, 3% connecting to collaborative work. http://www.openoffice.org/ are related to filesystems and 3% are related to internal kernel OPENOFFICE.ORG TURNS 20: LibreOffice developers subsystems. 10/13/2020 published an open letter in which they called on the Apache https://lkml.org/lkml/ he free office suite OpenOffice developers to work 2020/10/11/275 T OpenOffice.org turns 20 - on together, since Apache OpenOffice has long been in deep stagnation, full circle magazine #162 14 contents ^ NEWS THE KUBUNTU PROJECT PORTEUS KIOSK 5.1, DISTRO has been published. The NPM repository serves over 1.3 million INTRODUCED THE SECOND FOR NTERNET KIOSKS I : packages, which are used by about 13.10.2020 KDE PLASMA 5.20 MODEL OF THE KUBUNTU 12 million developers. About 75 DESKTOP RELEASED: billion downloads are recorded per FOCUS LAPTOP: orteus Kiosk 5.1.0 , based on 13.10.2020 month. NPM 7.0 was the first 10/13/2020 Gentoo and intended for P significant release made after the equipping stand-alone Internet he release of the custom KDE he developers of the Kubuntu purchase of NPM Inc by GitHub. kiosks, demonstration stands and Plasma 5.20 shell is available, distribution have announced T The new version will be shipped T self-service terminals, is out. The built using the KDE Frameworks 5 the availability of the " Kubuntu with a future release of the Node.js bootable distribution image is 110 platform and the Qt 5 library using Focus M2 " laptop branded project 15 platform , expected on October MB. OpenGL / OpenGL ES to accelerate and offering a pre-installed 20. To install NPM 7.0 without rendering. You can evaluate the desktop environment based on waiting for a new version of The basic image includes only work of the new version through Ubuntu 20.04 and the KDE Node.js, you can run the command the minimum set of components the Live build from the openSUSE desktop. The device was released "npm i -g npm @ 7". required to run a web browser project and the build from the KDE in collaboration with MindShare (Firefox and Chrome are Neon User Edition project . Management and Tuxedo https://blog.npmjs.org/post/ supported), which is cut in its Packages for various distributions Computers. The notebook is aimed 631877012766785536/release- capabilities to prevent unwanted can be found on this page: https:// at advanced users and developers v700 activity in the system (for example, community.kde.org/ who need a powerful laptop, changing settings is not allowed, Get_KDE_Software_on_Your_Linux supplied with a Linux environment downloading / installing _Distro optimized for the proposed applications is blocked, only access CROSSOVER 20.0 RELEASED hardware. The device is priced at $ granted to selected pages). https://kde.org/announcements/ FOR LINUX, CHROME OS 1,795. As a base, they used the Additionally, specialized Cloud plasma-5.20.0/ AND MACOS: CLEVO PC50DF1 gaming laptop, imaes are offered for comfortable 10/14/2020 also produced under the TUXEDO work with web applications Book XP15 brand. (Google Apps, Jolicloud, odeWeavers has released OwnCloud, Dropbox) and NPM 7.0 PACKAGE Crossover 20.0, based on Wine https://kubuntu.org/news/ ThinClient for working as a thin MANAGER AVAILABLE: C code and designed to run programs kubuntu-focus-model-2-launched/ client (Citrix, RDP, NX, VNC and 13.10.2020 and games written for the SSH) and Server for kiosk network Windows platform. CodeWeavers is management. he release of the package one of the key contributors to the manager NPM 7.0 , included in T Wine project, sponsors its https://porteus-kiosk.org/ the Node.js distribution and used development and returns to the news.html#201012 to distribute JavaScript modules, project all the innovations full circle magazine #162 15 contents ^ NEWS implemented for its commercial VIVALDI 3.4 BROWSER THE OPENPRINTING products. The source texts of the RELEASE FOR AND RELEASE OF RESCUEZILLA PROJECT BEGAN A FORK OF open components CrossOver 20.0 PC can be downloaded on this page: ANDROID: 2.0 BACKUP DISTRIBUTION: THE CUPS PRINTING https://www.codeweavers.com/ 10/15/2020 15.10.2020 SYSTEM: crossover/source 16.10.2020 he simultaneous release of new release of the Rescuezilla 2.0 distribution is out, https://www.codeweavers.com/ T Vivaldi 3.4 browsers for PC and A he OpenPrinting project, designed for backups, system crash support/forums/announce/? Android took place. Vivaldi is supported by the Linux recovery and diagnostics of various T t=24;msg=231110 developed on the base of the Foundaton, has begun a fork of the hardware problems. The Chromium engine and continues to CUPS printing system . The most distribution is built on the Ubuntu develop the ideas of the classic active part in the development of Opera browser, providing a wide base and continues the KRITA 4.4.0 RELEASED: the fork is Michael R Sweet, the range of features, including a tab development of the "Redo Backup 10/14/2020 original author of CUPS. grouping system, a sidebar, a & Rescue" project, the configurator with a large number development of which was he release of the raster Since 2007, following the of settings, a mode for blocking discontinued in 2012. Rescuezilla graphics editor Krita 4.4.0, takeover of CUPS by Easy Software T images and unwanted content, a supports backup and recovery of intended for artists and illustrators, Products, CUPS development has note-taking system, and a accidentally deleted files on Linux, is available for download . The been completely controlled by horizontal tab display mode. The macOS and Windows partitions. It editor supports multi-layer image Apple. In December 2019, Michael browser interface is written in automatically searches for and processing, provides tools for Sweet, founder of the CUPS project JavaScript using the React library, connects network partitions that working with various color models and Easy Software Products, Node.js framework, browserify and can be used to place backups. The and has a wide range of tools for resigned from Apple. The vast various ready-made NPM modules. graphical interface is based on the digital painting, sketching and majority of changes to the CUPS Vivaldi builds are prepared for LXDE shell. Live assemblies for x86 texture formation. Self -contained codebase were made personally by Linux, Windows, Android and 64-bit systems (771MB) are offered images in the AppImage format for Michael Sweet, but when he macOS. For past releases, the open for download . Build for 32-bit Linux, experimental APK packages announced his departure, Michael source project distributes source systems is temporarily suspended. for ChromeOS and Android, as well mentioned that there are two code of changes to Chromium. The as binaries for macOS and Windows engineers left at Apple who will Vivaldi interface implementation is https://rescuezilla.com/ are prepared for installation . provide CUPS maintenance. written in JavaScript, available in However, after Michael's dismissal, source code, but under a https://krita.org/en/item/krita-4-4- the CUPS project stopped proprietary license. 0-released/ developing - during 2020, only one commit was added to the CUPS https://vivaldi.com/blog/ codebase with the elimination of
full circle magazine #162 16 contents ^ NEWS vulnerabilities. https://ualinux.com/ru/news/ manager (now connman is used by + license. dostupna-dlya-zagruzki-forensic- default, and its own ceni cli https://openprinting.github.io/ sistema-ubuntu-cyberpack-alf-2-0 interface is an option ). Updated In addition to improving package versions, including Linux security, Sequoia is also trying to kernel 4.9.235, Firefox 78.3.0, fix the flaws in GnuPG, which RELEASE OF UBUNTU RELEASE OF ANTIX 19.3: LibreOffice 7.0.2.2, IceWM 1.8.3. cannot be fixed in the main project 10/17/2020 Fresh firmware has been ported without breaking compatibility or CYBERPACK (ALF) 2.0, A from Debian Sid. significantly reworking the code FORENSIC ANALYSIS ntiX 19.3 , designed for base. For example, GnuPG has a DISTRIBUTION: installation on outdated https://antixlinux.com/antix-19-3- fairly tight relationship between A manolis-glezos-bug-fix-upgrade- components that makes it difficult 10/17/2020 hardware, has been released. The release is based on the Debian 10 isos-available/ to make changes, obfuscates the codebase, and prevents the he UALinux project has (Buster) package base, but comes creation of a complete unit testing published the “Ubuntu without the systemd manager and T system. The gpupg command line CyberPack (ALF) 2.0” distribution with eudev instead of udev. You RELEASE OF SEQUOIA toolkit is not synchronized in for collecting and obtaining digital can choose between runit and 0.20.0, A RUST functionality with the function evidence, as well as for conducting sysvinit for initialization. The library and some actions can only security tests. The set includes the default user environment is built IMPLEMENTATION OF be performed using the utility tools necessary for obtaining and using the IceWM window manager, OPENPGP: itself. fixing digital evidence in the but Fluxbox, JWM and 17.10.2020 investigation of cybercrimes, as herbstluftwm are also available to https://sequoia-pgp.org/blog/ well as for the primary forensic choose from. Midnight equoia 0.20.0 , which offers a 2020/10/14/202010-sequoia- analysis of the evidence base in the Commander, SpaceFM and ROX- library of functions and S 0.20.0/ "field" conditions. The system also Filer are available for working with command line tools that contains software for conducting files. The distribution kit works on implement the OpenPGP standards security tests, penetration tests systems with 256 MB of RAM. Size ( RFC-4880 ), is out. Sequoia is and vulnerability assessments, of iso images are: 1.2 GB (full), 766 being developed by three members THE BRITISH BROADCASTING which makes it an analogue of such MB (base), 470 MB (stripped down), of the GnuPG project, who decided CORPORATION HAS distributions as Kali Linux and and 166 MB (network install). The to create a new free Parrot. The distribution is based on images are prepared for x86_64 implementation of OpenPGP in the INTRODUCED THE SECOND the Ubuntu 20.04 codebase. The and i386 architectures. Rust language to improve the EDITION OF THE MICRO: BIT size of the iso image (x86_64) security and reliability of the code BOARD: In the new release, the "antiX 4.1GB. Both installation and live base, which provides tools for safe 18.10.2020 modes are supported. wifi switch" utility has been added working with memory. The project to select a wireless connection code is distributed under the GPLv2
full circle magazine #162 17 contents ^ NEWS he British Broadcasting he system programming Theo de Raadt in 1995 after a T Corporation (BBC) has T language Nim 1.4 is out. Nim is conflict with the NetBSD presented the second edition of statically typed and built with developers, as a result access to the open micro: bit board, Pascal, C++, Python, and Lisp in the NetBSD CVS repository was developed for teaching mind. Nim source code is compiled closed for Theo. After that, Theo programming and stimulating into a C, C++, or JavaScript de Raadt and a group of like- children's creativity (training representation. In the future, the minded people created a new open courses have been developed for resulting C / C++ code is compiled operating system based on the age groups from 7 to 11 and from into an executable file using any NetBSD source tree, the main 11 to 14 years old). The board will available compiler (clang, gcc, icc, development goals of which were go on sale in November. The price Visual C++), which allows achieving portability ( 13 hardware platforms has not changed at $ 15. performance close to C, excluding supported ), standardization, the cost of running the garbage correct operation, active security Design documentation, collector. Similar to Python, Nim and integrated cryptographic tools. development-related technical uses indentation as block Full install ISO size base system specifications, schematics , bill of separators. Metaprogramming OpenBSD 6.8 is 530MB. materials and developer tools and capabilities for creating documentation are published domain-specific languages (DSL) https://marc.info/?l=openbsd- under the Solderpad license (a are supported. The project code is announce&m=160303500224235& variant of the Apache License 2.0 supplied under the MIT license. w=2 for Open Hardware). Design files are available in formats suitable for https://nim-lang.org/blog/ processing by Eagle, Altium and 2020/10/16/version-140- KiCad. released.html https://microbit.org/news/2020- 10-13/meet-the-new-bbc-microbit/ OPENBSD 6.8 RELEASED: 18.10.2020
RELEASE OF THE ntroducing a release of the free PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE I cross-platform UNIX-like operating system OpenBSD 6.8. NIM 1.4.0: The release is made on the day of 18.10.2020 the twenty-fifth anniversary of the project, which was founded by
full circle magazine #162 18 contents ^ The VirtualBox Networking Primer Connecting and Configuring Virtual Machines
The VirtualBox Networking Primer is a no-nonsense guide for the VirtualBox user taking their next steps into virtual networks.
While Oracle VM VirtualBox is a great free tool, the real power of virtualisation comes when you start connecting virtual machines to each other and to the wider world. Software development, sales, education and training are just some of the areas in which network access to virtual machines offers endless opportunities. But the world of computer networks is filled with complex technical jargon.
Complete with principles, practice, examples and glossary, The VirtualBox Networking Primer takes the frustration and confusion out of connecting real-world projects.
Author: Robin Catling Publisher: Proactivity Press ISBN13 : 9781916119482
Amazon US link: https://www.amazon.com/dp/1916119484? ref_=pe_3052080_397514860
Amazon UK link: https://www.amazon.co.uk/VirtualBox-Networking-Primer- Connecting-Configuring/dp/1916119484/ref=sr_1_1? dchild=1&keywords=virtualbox+networking+primer&qid=1600253 699&s=books&sr=1-1
Kobo: https://www.kobo.com/us/en/ebook/the-virtualbox-networking- primer full circle magazine #162 19 contents ^ CCOOMMMMAANNDD && CCOONNQQUUEERR Written by Erik DDeemmyyssttiiffyyiinngg NNmmaapp PPtt..11 https://nmap.org/ comparing scan results (Ndiff), and a working. The more you know, the This is where nmap shines. We can packet generation and response better your diagnostics will be. look at how to use nmap, how to Blurb: “Nmap ("Network Mapper") is analysis tool (Nping).“ However, some clients have shifted sneak past IDS and defeat a free and open source (license) to this global IT nonsense, where firewalls. utility for network discovery and map is a tool I find very handy - you cannot do anything on the security auditing. Many systems and N unmissable, but people often network without first creating a Let me scare some of you – type network administrators also find it say it is difficult to use. For those ticket, waiting three days and nmap in your terminal and just useful for tasks such as network people, there is Zenmap. The supplying blood and stool samples press enter. Look at all the options inventory, managing service upgrade command-line nmap has a bit of a for each thing you want to do. If and read what it says. The rest of schedules, and monitoring host or learning curve, but once you you do not, the IDS and firewall will you say: “Challenge Accepted!” service uptime. Nmap uses raw IP understand it, it is really great. shut you down. On top of that the with me. It goes without saying, packets in novel ways to determine global IT gets it wrong anyway, as that you will be scanning your own what hosts are available on the I sometimes have to get my they have phone monkeys on the home network and not fbi.gov. network, what services (application bearings on a network before other end and not real IT people. name and version) those hosts are Before we talk about nmap’s offering, what operating systems options, I want you to head over to (and OS versions) they are running, this website and read what a three- what type of packet filters/firewalls way handshake is: https:// are in use, and dozens of other www.geeksforgeeks.org/tcp-3-way- characteristics. It was designed to andshake-process/ - The better rapidly scan large networks, but that you know the underlying works fine against single hosts. process, the easier you will pick up Nmap runs on all major computer nmap. Feel free to read all the operating systems, and official sections down the side of that binary packages are available for page. Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. In addition to the classic command-line Now, nmap is known as a port Nmap executable, the Nmap suite scanner, but it is more than that. includes an advanced GUI and Most of the time, I simply use it to results viewer (Zenmap), a flexible scan for live hosts and pipe the data transfer, redirection, and output to a text file. Security debugging tool (Ncat), a utility for researchers and penetration
full circle magazine #162 20 contents ^ COMMAND & CONQUER testers will use it in another way. (that should not be). This is a long nmap for your packet to return. You use The most common “port scan” I use scan, so it is best to do it against nmap -p 22
Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He has seen technology come and go. From repairing washing machine sized hard drives with multimeters and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to scaling 3G towers, he's done it.
full circle magazine #162 22 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Greg Walters PPyytthhoonn IInn TThhee RREEAALL WWoorrlldd PPtt..111100
ast month, a PAGE user came to source code. The documentation class demo(tk.Tk): L both Don and myself for some for the library is currently being def __init__(self): help with a fairly new Python written, so it’s easy to suss out how tk.Tk.__init__(self) library that implements a to do some of the options by self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1) self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1) spreadsheet like table widget having the code available. self.frame = tk.Frame(self) written completely in Python. He self.frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1) was fairly new to PAGE and was We’ll use a modified version of self.frame.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1) having trouble getting the table to the demo program to start with, initialize properly. I thought the which does not require PAGE. You self.sheet = Sheet( library has a tremendous amount can find the full version on the self.frame, of possibilities, so I thought I’d homepage of the repository. page_up_down_select_row=True, share the information with you. column_width=120, startup_select=(0, 1, "rows"), Just so you know, you don’t have to from tksheet import Sheet use PAGE to implement the sheet import tkinter as tk will see that many of the functions Here (below) is where you load widget, but you do have to use later on are simply there to allow the dummy data into the sheet. Tkinter at least. As almost always, we want to you to customize the builtin import the important libraries, in functions that the library has. Next (next page. top right), we To get started, you need to this case, the tksheet and tkinter enable the various bindings that install the library and, as usual, we libraries. As you already know, the are already coded in the library. can use Pip to do it. __init__ function sets up various Now (top right) we’ll create a The next two lines insert the $ pip install tksheet parameters and defaults. In the class called demo. This will hold all next lines, the sheet object is frame and sheet objects into a of the code for the demo program Tkinter grid. Once you’ve done that, you simply an instance of Sheet that deals with the sheet widget. might want to consider (above). As you go through the code, you self.frame.grid(row=0, downloading the entire source column=0, sticky="nswe") code from the github repository at data=[[ https://github.com/ragardner/ f"Row {r}, Column {c}\nnewline1\nnewline2" for c in range(50) tksheet. I suggest this since there ] for r in range(1000)], #to set sheet data at startup are so many options that this height=500, #height and width arguments are optional library has, you might not catch width=1200 #For full startup arguments see DOCUMENTATION.md some without digging into the )
full circle magazine #162 23 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON self.sheet.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nswe") self.sheet.enable_bindings(( "single_select", #"single_select" or "toggle_select" "column_select", As you can tell from the "row_select", commented code (bottom right), "arrowkeys", "row_height_resize", the next set of lines show ways to "double_click_row_resize", control various things like the "right_click_popup_menu", "rc_select", theme, highlighting columns, rows "rc_insert_column", and cells, etc. "rc_delete_column", "rc_insert_row", "rc_delete_row", The rest of the code (next page, "edit_cell")) right side) overrides the default events and bindings, and provides """______EXAMPLES ______""" examples of how to handle them in """______""" # ______CHANGING THEME ______your own code. #self.sheet.change_theme("light green")
Finally, the required # ______DISPLAY SUBSET OF COLUMNS ______self.sheet.display_subset_of_columns(indexes=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], instantiation of the demo class enable=True) object and the call to the Tkinter mainloop. self.sheet.insert_column(idx=0) self.sheet.insert_columns(columns=5, idx=10, app = demo() mod_column_positions=False) app.mainloop() # ______HIGHLIGHT / DEHIGHLIGHT CELLS ______self.sheet.highlight_cells(row=5, column=5, fg="red") When you fire up the program, self.sheet.highlight_cells(row=5, column=1, fg="red") self.sheet.highlight_cells(row=5, you should see something that bg="#ed4337", looks like the image on the next fg="white", canvas="row_index") page (top right). self.sheet.highlight_cells(column=0, bg="#ed4337", While that wasn’t too hard at all, fg="white", canvas="header") I believe that using PAGE makes the process much easier. I’ve # ______CELL / ROW / COLUMN ALIGNMENTS ______created a VERY simple PAGE GUI to self.sheet.align_cells(row=1, column=1, align="e") self.sheet.align_rows(rows=3, align="e") show how quickly and easy it is. self.sheet.align_columns(columns=4, align="e")
Create a folder to hold your # ______ADDITIONAL BINDINGS ______full circle magazine #162 24 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON project and start up PAGE within that folder. Expand the default Top level form just a bit and place two buttons near the very top of the form, one on the left and one on the right. The left one should have the text “Load CSV”, and the one on the right “Exit”. In the command attribute for the left button enter “on_btnLoad” and for the right button “on_btnExit”. (We’ve def all_extra_bindings(self, event): print(event) covered PAGE programming so often, this should be very obvious, def begin_edit_cell(self, event): but if it isn’t, look at one of my print(event) # event[2] is keystroke return event[ previous articles about using PAGE. 2] # return value is the text to be put into cell edit window My article in FCM#155 should be a def window_resized(self, event): good easy reference). pass #print (event) Next, place a frame in the form def deselect(self, event): that takes up pretty much of the print(event, self.sheet.get_selected_cells()) rest of the form. Then place a custom widget into that frame and def rc(self, event): print(event) expand it to fill the frame. (Mouse- 3 (Right-click for most people)) | def ctrl_a(self, response): Widget | Fill Container). Save your print(response) project as tksheetGUI.tcl and def row_select(self, response): generate your python code. print(response) def column_select(self, response): Bottom right is what your print(response) project hopefully looks like. If not, that’s ok. You get the general idea.
Now open tksheet_support.py in your IDE or editor, and let’s get to work.
full circle magazine #162 25 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON PAGE only creates a single Note that we actually don’t do import line, since that’s all that you anything with the messagebox but def init(top, gui, *args, **kwargs): global w, top_level, root need to get started. Add the it’s there for your possible future w = gui following lines to the import development. top_level = top section of the code to support our root = top startup() needs. The line that PAGE gives us Now (top right) we need to add init_custom() is not in bold. a couple of lines to the init function, that again, PAGE provides import sys for us. import platform def startup(): import os global version pv = platform.python_version() As I’m sure you are aware, this print(f"Running under Python {pv}") # Third party libraries (middle right) will call the startup() # Set the path of the program from tksheet import Sheet and init_custom() functions before global progpath import pandas as pd progpath = os.getcwd() the form is shown to the user. Let’s print(progpath) look at the startup function first. version = "0.0.1" We also need to modify the print(f"Version: {version}") import section that PAGE provides # ======for us. Normally, you would not Yes, there is some code that # Some default global values # ======need to do this, but we are going isn't strictly needed, but I like to add it. Basically, we get and global defaultColumns, defaultRows, useBoldFont, defFont to add support for the Tkinter defaultColumns = 30 messagebox and the filedialog sub- provide the python version, defaultRows = 50 useBoldFont = False systems. program path and program version, and print all of that to the terminal defFont = "Arial" import Tkinter as tk window. Then we set up some It took me a fair amount of time to theme setting (see below). There global default values for use with narrow down the actual settings are four default themes defined by import tkFileDialog as filedialog the tksheet library. needed for proper demo use. default. The first demo used the There are many other settings as light green theme. For the PAGE import tkMessageBox as In the init_custom() function, you saw in the earlier demo version, we will use the dark blue messagebox we will be initializing various program, but, for us, these are theme. except ImportError: settings of the tksheet for our use. needed. One thing to note is the import tkinter as tk def init_custom(): w.Custom1.page_up_down_select_row = True from tkinter import w.Custom1.column_width = 120 messagebox w.Custom1.startup_select = (0, 1, "rows") w.Custom1.theme = "dark blue" from tkinter import w.Custom1.insert_column(idx=0) filedialog w.Custom1.insert_columns(columns=5, idx=10, mod_column_positions=False)
full circle magazine #162 26 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON Now (top right) we need to w.Custom1.enable_bindings( enable the bindings that we want ( so that the functionality is what "single_select", # "single_select" or "toggle_select" you would normally expect for a # To support column/row select "column_select", spreadsheet demo. These are "row_select", things like selecting a single cell, a # To support column/row resize row or column and using the arrow "column_width_resize", "double_click_column_resize", keys as well as allowing for “right- "row_width_resize", click” (mouse 3) context menu "column_height_resize", "arrowkeys", support. "row_height_resize", "Double_click_row_resize", The next few lines (bottom right) allow you to use the popup context menu. Some of them are "right_click_popup_menu", "rc_select", pretty obvious, but it’s not as clear "rc_insert_column", why the last 6 lines would be "rc_delete_column", needed. "rc_insert_row", "rc_delete_row", "hide_columns", The last part of the init_custom # The following 5 lines must be included for popup support function (bottom right) deals with "copy", "cut", binding the Mouse-3 button to the "paste", “rc” routine and sets extra bindings "delete", "undo", for us to be able to override the "edit_cell", default functions within the library. ) ) Now (next page, top right) we’ll custom control. See next page, create the four callback functions bottom right. w.Custom1.bind("<3>", rc) that we just defined. I must admit w.Custom1.extra_bindings( that I created the first three for a [ Almost at the end now. We still ("cell_select", on_cellSelect), different demo that printed the ("column_select", on_columnSelect), have to assign the library as the information to a status label, but I ("row_select", on_rowSelect), custom control. PAGE supplies a ] felt that, for this very simple demo, line that says “Custom = tk.Frame”, ) printing to the terminal was ok. but we need to replace tk.Frame line and comment out the ‘Custom with our external tkinter control I created a simple class to = tk.Frame’ line. Custom = sheet library. You can add the following handle the actual tksheet as a full circle magazine #162 27 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON Finally, we need to provide the def on_columnSelect(p1): callback and support functions for print(f"on_columnSelect Triggered {p1}") the buttons that we defined when print(p1) we designed the GUI (next page, selcol = p1[1] colname = headers[p1[1]] top right). PAGE generated the first disp = f"Column Selected - Col: {selcol} ColName: {colname}" two functions for us as skeletons. print(disp) The final function helps the import of the CSV files. You already have def on_rowSelect(p1): seen the proper way to end a PAGE print(f"on_rowSelect Triggered {p1}") print(p1) application, but I’ve included it selrow = p1[1] here for your convenience. disp = f"Row Selected - {selrow}" print(disp) Now (next page, middle) we have the callback for the load csv def on_cellSelect(p1): file button. It’s a little bloated, but I global headers print(f"on_cellSelect triggered: {p1}") thought it would be easier for you selrow = p1[1] + 1 to follow the code this way rather selcol = p1[2] + 1 than write it more elegantly. colname = headers[p1[2]] disp = f"Cell Selected - Row: {selrow} Col: {selcol} ColName: {colname}" print(disp) Last but not least, here (bottom right) is the load_csv_file function. def rc(event): Here we are using pandas to read print(event) the CSV file and convert it into a list. That way, the tksheet library can utilize it. class sheet(Sheet): def __init__(self, parent, **kw): Sheet.__init__( Be sure to save your file. self, parent, page_up_down_select_row=True, Last but not least (again!), you column_width=120, need to know where a good CSV font=("Arial", 12, "bold"), theme="dark blue", file is. For this demo, I have used height=500, # height and width arguments are optional the titanic3.csv file which is width=1200, # For full startup arguments see DOCUMENTATION.md provided with the source code for ) the Pandastable Library. I’m certain it’s been released into the public domain. I copied it and put it into full circle magazine #162 28 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON the development folder for quick hold the code and images from this def on_btnExit(): access. article. You can find it at https:// print("tksheet_support.on_btnExit") github.com/gregwa1953/FCM162 . sys.stdout.flush() Once you run the program, it destroy_window() should look something like this:
I hope that you enjoyed this def on_btnLoad(): print("tksheetdemo1_support.on_btnLoadCSV") month’s project as much as I did sys.stdout.flush() creating it. This library has a lot of global headers, progpath filename = filedialog.askopenfilename( potential and will be great for initialdir=progpath, quick display of things in table or title="Select file", sheet format. However, there is no filetypes=(("CSV files", "*.csv"), ("all files", "*.*")), ) code to write back to a file (that’s data = load_csv_file(filename) simple enough for you to work out) # print(headers) and there are no calculation w.Custom1.headers(headers) # Now load data into sheet functions at this point. But this is a w.Custom1.set_sheet_data(data) fantastic library and something # Get the number of rows and columns that has been needed for a very global totalrows, totalcols totalrows = w.Custom1.total_rows() long time! totalcols = w.Custom1.total_columns() # Print the information to the terminal print(f"Total Rows: {totalrows}") As I did once before, I’ve print(f"Total Cols: {totalcols}") created a repository on github to
def load_csv_file(filename): global headers # Load the local csv file into a pandas dataframe df = pd.read_csv(filename) headers = list(df.columns) # Convert it into a list dl = df.values.tolist() # Return it to the calling function return dl
As always, until next time; stay safe, healthy, positive and creative!
full circle magazine #162 29 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Tony Hughes PPooddccaasstt PPrroodduuccttiioonn iinn LLiinnuuxx -- PPtt..44
o this month we will cover how actual Blog post. This allows more feed, you need to link your Blog to Click next, and you will see this S to create your RSS feed, to push text and images if needed, and as Feedburner, so navigate to box with the options to make an your audio directly to the pod- this is not on the feed, the page feedburner.com from your google atom or RSS feed, check the RSS catchers of those people who size should be well under the 1MB account and you should come to feed. subscribe to the feed to receive limit, allowing the feed to be this page. As you can see, there are updates as you publish new processed. already a number of feeds in the content. list for my blogs, but we want to OK, let's look at setting up your create one for our ‘Test Blog’ which First, a warning about setting up Feed. First, you will need a link to has the address of the feed for your audio. Although where your audio is stored, either ‘testtonyh1212.blogspot.com’. To the audio is going to be hosted on your self-hosted server, or to create a feed address for this blog, elsewhere (and not actually on the the audio stored on archive.org as we need to create a new feed. Blog servers), you are limited to a we do with Distrohoppers and Under the list is the message: grand total of 1MB of data (yes, mintCast. If using archive.org, you less than an old 3.5” floppy’s may want to consider a small “Burn a feed right this instant. Then click next, and you should amount of data) for each post monthly donation to them to offset Type your blog or feed address have successfully created your feed being fed via feedburner. If you go some of their hosting costs; while it here:” address which will be showing in over this, the post will not get fed is not compulsory to do this, if you the box on the screen. to people subscribed to the feed; it are donating 1£/2$ per month, this in the box below this, put in the is easy to breach the 1MB limit is 12£/$24 per year, and that is blog’s web address and tick the box even with just a long set of show good value for hosting; other that says ‘I am a podcaster’. notes without any pictures. This service providers start at around $5/ caused me endless frustration month, $60/year. Setting up an when I started to publish the account with archive.org is as Distrohoppers Digest pages. I was simple as providing an email trying to push the feed without address and password, and, if using success – until, after quite a bit of it for podcast hosting, you can use Googling, I was able to find out the email created for the Blogger what the problem was. As a result, I account. We will look at this further now publish the show notes as a in a future article. separate page, with a link after the first paragraph to ….’more’ on the So, to be able to publish the
full circle magazine #162 30 contents ^ HOWTO - PODCAST PRODUCTION
If you wish, you can just skip PSYbSL, with the end PSYbSL being straight to managing the feed. At the unique identifier for the feed. this point, while you are here, you It is this full http://feeds... address might as well set up the finer that we will be using when we points of the feed such as how create the Feed ‘Gadget’ for your iTunes will see the feed and key Blog’s home page, so our next step words to assist people finding your is to navigate to our Blogger content. The picture shown right account and start setting up the shows this process in one image feed. including now being able to see the feed on your Feedburner home On the left-hand of your screen; Test is now the Second Blog Blogger page will be the menu with listed. all the options to create a new post, etc; navigate to the ‘Layout’ So you now have feedburner set and open this; you will be up with an RSS address that you presented with something like this will use later to set up the feed on (shown above), you may need to your Blog. In my case the test Blog scroll down a little to see the right- feed reads like this: http:// hand sidebar. feeds.feedburner.com/blogspot/
full circle magazine #162 31 contents ^ HOWTO - PODCAST PRODUCTION Click on the ‘Add a Gadget’ and this screen (shown right) opens.
Again you may need to scroll down to see the ‘Feed’ section. Click the ‘+’ to open the dialogue box to add your feed details. The following picture is a compilation of following the screens to create the Gadget. After putting in the Feedburner address we created earlier, we then put in our title for the feed and preference for the number of posts that will be seen by pod-catchers, the maximum being five. Save this and the Gadget now shows in the Layout; if you now navigate to the Blog home page, you should see the title you gave the feed next to RSS.
So now anyone with the feed URL that you put into the Gadget will be able to subscribe to that in their pod-catcher, and every time you create a new Blog with audio linked in it, they will have that audio or a link to it pushed to their pod-catcher.
Next time, I will go through uploading your audio to archive.org and then linking this in your blog post each time you record a new episode.
full circle magazine #162 32 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Erik RRaawwtthheerraappeeee -- PPtt88
o take a photo, the ideal is for inability, to make black-and-white where the sun is somehow shining interest in the photograph, I would T the light to be behind you. We photos look real, came up. into your lens, be it behind a cloud usually just send it straight to the know that this is not always or peeking over a rooftop, it is not bin. Let’s assume there was possible: taking a picture of your Just taking the color away from always the easiest to recover. This something in the image that I dog, when he is being adorable, a photo does not make a nice black- can be compounded when you took wanted. If we look at our but with the sun behind him, or and-white photo. Doubly so when the picture in jpeg-format. In this histogram, you will see that black is your friends goofing around at you have applied post-processing issue, we want to tackle a actually squashed up to the edge sunset or sunrise. We have all been to it. Too often, we see people photograph like that. Just to go as well as white. there. That photo may not be a posting pictures in forums where from bad to worse, I will be using a total waste after all. the edges are darker than the jpeg instead of a RAW image. If I turn on clipping, you can see body. the problem immediately. Hectic In a recent discussion on black- This (bottom left) is what we loss of detail. (See the right-hand and-white photography, the How do these two topics fit will be working with. As you can side and the bottom of the discussion on applications, like together, you may ask? The answer see, the sun decided to peek out photograph.) Snapseed’s (- not picking on is Rawtherapee. from behind the cloud as I tried to Snapseed, it is just the most well- take a picture of the corpuscular Turning this image into black- known in our circle) ability, or When you have a photograph rays. Since there is nothing of and-white should lessen the loss of
full circle magazine #162 33 contents ^ HOWTO - RAWTHERAPEE detail. Alt+C, or clicking the third “shopped”. eye on your histogram, as we icon, will bring up the color menu. already have clipping that we are At 100%, I can zoom into the Find black-and-white, the fourth The key here is the first two trying to hide. You do not want to roof at the bottom and show you sub-menu and turn it on. This does sliders, radius and amount. The compound your problems. the difference between a radius of not remove the loss of detail we larger the radius, the more 20 (minimum) and a radius of 80. can see with the clipping filters on, feathering you will get from the Drama!! This is what you have to look out but it puts it into the realm of edges. However, radius alone does for when you use local contrast on absolutes of light and shadow. Now nothing. This is where the amount But let’s assume you want a picture. we have a black-and-white picture slider comes in. If you are in the clarity, rather than drama? We that is still boring, but the loss of artistic mood, slide both the radius need to increase our zoom to Compare these two images detail had become deep shadows. and amount to maximum. This will 100%. (below) bring some drama to the photo, The next tool we are going to unless you have uniform dark areas Tip: don’t fret over details in the Pay attention to the amount of use is “local contrast”. This falls that are not black. If you have photo that are going to be cut in visible tiles on the roof, from the under detail, so Alt+D or click the those, it will look like a kid took a the end. By this I mean, if you are edge. When using this effect on second icon. marker to the edges of the picture, planning to crop your picture and color photos, you may see a light before coloring it in with a lighter you were going to cut off the left discoloration on the side of the A word of warning though, color. I actually encourage you to hand side, don’t worry about how light, and dark discoloration on the improper use of the local contrast do this, then play with lightness your edit affects the object on the side where it is dark. This is one can make your black-and-white level and darkness level to acquire left. It is going to end up on the very quick way to tell if a photo has photograph look extremely the desired effect. Just keep an cutting room floor, so to speak. been put through a filter. This is
full circle magazine #162 34 contents ^ HOWTO - RAWTHERAPEE also the difference between I hope you had fun if you editing by hand and using an followed along and I hope you application like Snapseed. Once learned something. your eye is trained to this, it is very hard to “unsee”. You will see this in Disclaimer: In no way am I an some so-called “professional” expert in photo manipulation, I just photographs on the web, or even know a guy who had a dog that magazines. A good rule of thumb is gave me some fleas. I thought I that, when you see the dark edges may help you scratch an itch also. start to appear, you can either decrease the radius and/or As always, if you have any decrease the lightness, to “smooth questions or comments, send them things out”. to: [email protected]
I urge you to take a few photos and play with only this effect. It does not have to be black-and- white. That part was just to show you that you can save boring photographs or even a clipped one, by making it black-and-white, where that clipping does not matter as much any more.
Tip: Turn the effect on and off while being zoomed in, as well as being zoomed out.
Local contrast is for sharpening; you do not want to add rifts or halos to your image. Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He has seen technology come and go. Once you are done, crop your From repairing washing machine image with the “C” key and you are sized hard drives with multimeters and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to good to go. scaling 3G towers, he's done it.
full circle magazine #162 35 contents ^ full circle magazine #162 36 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Mark Crutch IInnkkssccaappee -- PPaarrtt 110022
s you may have noticed in the suggests, it converts your object to stroke’s original outline. If it point to grasp: the original shape A News section of the previous a path, and is therefore commonly sounds confusing, perhaps some had a stroke but no fill, whereas edition of FCM, a new minor used when you want to break out examples will help. Let’s start with the new shape has a fill but no release of Inkscape is out. As is of the design shackles imposed by the simplest example possible: a stroke. The fill color of the new often the case with these things, an object’s native type. Whilst a straight line. shape is the same as that of the the announcement came only a rectangle can have only its width, original’s stroke color in order to couple of days after the deadline height and corner radius modified, produce a result that is visually for my previous article. As it turns converting it into a path lets you identical. out, version 1.0.1 doesn’t fix any of move individual nodes, add more, the issues I’ve raised in recent or delete others. Since paths are so Why would you want to perform months, or change any of the flexible, it can open up a world of such a conversion? Consider trying features that I’ve described. Phew! design possibilities – albeit at the to make a line that looks a little No corrections required. expense of losing access to the more hand-drawn. SVG has no specialized editing tools for the support for variable width strokes, So what is new in the latest original object type. but you can fake it by converting release? It’s mostly bug fixes and The top line is our original path, your stroke to a path and then stability improvements, though There’s nothing controversial consisting of two nodes, no fill, and tweaking the shape. there is a whole new “Selectors and about Object to Path. The end a thick, red stroke. As a rule it’s CSS” dialog that is most likely to be result maintains its fill and stroke easiest to understand what of interest to web developers. I’ll properties, so there’s no visual Inkscape is doing when applied to cover it in due course, but it’s not change as a result of the operation. thick strokes, but everything I the topic for this month’s All that’s happened is that your describe can also be done with instalment. Instead, I’ll cover some native Inkscape object becomes a thinner strokes if that suits your changes to the ‘Path > Stroke to generic path of the same size, requirements. Path’ function. To better shape and appearance. understand this menu entry, The bottom line is the result of however, I’m going to start with its Despite the similar name, the Stroke to Path operation. You sibling. however, Path > Stroke to Path is can see that what we now have is a These days Inkscape can an entirely different beast. At its filled path consisting of four nodes simulate variable width strokes ‘Path > Object to Path’ is a core it converts any stroke that you arranged to match the original using Live Path Effects, but that mainstay of any experienced may have on your object into a new stroke’s outline. The fact that it’s a wasn’t always the case. The LPE Inkscape user. As the name filled path which matches the filled path is a really important approach also supports varying the
full circle magazine #162 37 contents ^ HOWTO - INKSCAPE thickness only symmetrically, the resultant shape still looks the alternatives: one each for the fill and the stroke whereas this manual approach lets same, it’s not obvious that it’s • Remove the markers and convert of the marker. Yes, I said the stroke you achieve effects such as actually now a filled path that has the stroke as before. of the marker. I know you probably thickening the stroke on one side no stroke. Like any other path, you • Convert the stroke, but also turn weren’t even aware of markers of the center line whilst thinning it can actually add a stroke to it; the markers into filled paths. having a separate stroke, but on the other. here’s the same result but with a • Convert the stroke, but copy the apparently they do and they’re thin, dashed, black stroke added to markers to the new paths, so that now converted into a path of their Let’s look at a more the converted line: each sub-path ends up with own. complicated example. This time multiple markers. we’ll jump straight to a multi- If this sounds a little confusing, segment line with a dashed stroke Really old versions of Inkscape perhaps an image of the structure applied. Once again the original went with option 1. Stroke to Path will help. On the left we have the line is at the top, and the bottom converted the stroke to a path, and Objects dialog from 0.92, and on shows the effect of converting the ignored everything else. But since the right we have one from 1.0.1 stroke to a path. version 0.44 (released in 2006), (excuse the different themes – the Hopefully it’s now pretty clear Inkscape uses the second option 1.0.1 snap is still broken with the what Stroke to Path does when (no version uses the third option). standard theme, so I’m using the presented with the simple case of This, however, is where not-so- symbolic theme): an object with just a stroke applied. subtle differences in behaviour for But what happens when your 1.0.x start to creep in. object is a bit more complex? Here’s a line with a stroke applied, Consider the shape above. Up to but also with markers at the start, version 0.92 using Stroke to Path end, and at each intermediate on this would have created a group node. containing five objects: the complex path generated by Our converted line is starting to converting the stroke, and a As you can see, the structures look a bit more interesting. Instead separate path for each marker. In are substantially different. If you of a simple filled path, we now version 1.0.x the result is do want to convert a 1.0 have a complex path, consisting of somewhat different. Now the arrangement to the old structure, a number of filled sub-paths which output is a group containing two it’s quite simple: you just need to match the visual appearance of the elements: the complex path, plus a use Path > Union on each pair of original line. What do you think should nested group which contains four marker paths (this is easier if you happen when Stroke to Path is more deeply nested groups – one select them in the Objects dialog At first, this can be a little tricky applied to this object? To my mind for each marker. Each of those rather than on-canvas), then select to get your head around. Because there are three possible marker groups contains two paths, the group that contains the full circle magazine #162 38 contents ^ HOWTO - INKSCAPE markers (i.e. not the top-level cases. Structurally, you end up with stroke then the behaviour is the behaviour makes it easier to do so group, but the one just inside that), a single filled path, just the same as same as it has always been: you end without having to duplicate every then repeatedly ungroup until you would if you’d performed the up with a single filled path, which object, then remove its stroke, just you’re left with a structure that conversion on a shape with no fill will have sub-paths if the stroke to keep a copy of the filled shape. looks like the one in the 0.92 or markers, the same as the first was dashed. dialog. Yes, “it’s quite simple” was example I showed in this article. Markers are another matter, sarcasm. If your path has a stroke and a however. While dealing with an Since version 1.0, however, fill, however, you’ll now end up unwanted fill just requires a couple For most users, this may never performing a Stroke to Path with a group, rather than the fill of extra steps, getting the 0.92 present a problem. The sort of use- operation on a shape with a fill being thrown away. This is structure when markers are in play case that requires you to add results in a group that contains two particularly important to note if requires several steps – multiplied markers to your path does not filled paths: one is the usual path following an older tutorial. Many of by the number of markers – with no generally intersect much with the following the shape of the original them either rely on the fill being easy shortcuts. Although the new use-cases for converting the stroke stroke, whilst the other is a path removed, or instruct you to functionality may technically be to a path. So, let’s look at a far representing the fill (i.e. it’s just a duplicate the object before more flexible, in practice there are more common scenario: a path copy of the original path, but applying Stroke to Path so that you few use-cases for separating the fill with both a stroke and a fill, but no without the stroke). The end result don’t lose the fill. To get the same and stroke on a marker. It would markers. Here’s what happens in is visually identical to the original result as earlier versions, you can have been nice to either have the 0.92.x, again with the original object. do one of two things: old method available as a shapes at the top, and the Stroke • Remove the fill before using preference, or to include a function to Path conversions at the bottom: As I’m sure you’ve guessed by Stroke to Path. or extension that would make it now, performing a Stroke to Path • After using Stroke to Path, easy to union deeply nested paths on a shape with the holy trinity of ungroup the result and delete the and recursively pop them out of stroke, fill and markers, results in a new path containing the fill (or just their groups. group containing: keep it, if you need it for • A path for the stroke subsequent steps). The take-away from all this is • A path for the fill that Object to Path still behaves • A group containing an individual Despite the confusion this the same way it always did, Stroke group for each marker, with each of change has caused with some new to Path may need an extra step or those groups containing a path for users, I generally think it’s an two if you have a fill, but if you The obvious take-away from this the marker’s stroke and a path for improvement. Consider the case of have markers as well then good is that 0.92 removes the fill entirely the marker’s fill. drawing a simple cartoon character, luck to you! before the stroke is converted to a with thick black outlines (strokes), path. I’ve shown both closed and There are a few things to unpick and colored clothes and skin (fill). If Next time, I’ll start to look at open shapes to make it clear that from these changes. First of all, if you want to add some variety to the changes to core drawing tools the behaviour is the same in both you have an object with just a the stroke thickness, the new made with version 1.0. full circle magazine #162 39 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Alan Ward KKrriittaa TToo RReewwoorrkk OOlldd PPhhoottooss PPtt..1122
his series is aimed at learning to photo I took in Hong Kong, just scene are taken at varying sun (to our left, outside the field of T make something of the old after the Olympic Games back in exposure points, then combined to view), but at the same time there photos in my possession, and 2008. At that time, digital cameras build a single photograph with are sharp shadows in which all others in the public domain due to were beginning to get better, and more details both in the shade and detail has been lost. This is perhaps their age. You, the reader, are problems with lack of resolution in highly illuminated parts of the most noticeable in the buildings at welcome to tag along, and, I hope, were starting to be resolved (but image. Other color enhancement the far left, whose facades are in- glean some small insight and can one really ever have sufficient schemes are now commonplace. shadow, and present a perhaps perhaps an idea or two from time resolution?). On the other hand, slightly ominous and not very to time. No promises are made as modern image enhancement Some of these techniques attractive backdrop to the harbor. to quality of the content, or techniques were absent, such as would have been useful to me back potential errors and omissions. I High Dynamic Range (HDR) in in 2008. In this image, we get some The first thing to do, as usual, is am a computer scientist, not a true which several pictures of the same interesting colors from the setting take a look at the histogram. artist or a professional of image restoration. So please take all this as a best effort, but with no firm guarantees — much as is the case of most open-source software.
In the previous part of this series, we worked on a technique that is often used in museum photo recreations, and consists of bringing out the main subjects of It is interesting to note the an image in color, while the contribution of different areas in background remains in black and the image to the overall pixel white. In this final part of this count. For instance, the clear blue series on using Krita to rework old sky and part of the water would photos, we will stay with early seem to make up a large digital images and work on color proportion of lighter pixels. density and enhancement. However, the large blue pixel count seen to the right of the histogram Exhibit A for this article is a actually denotes a lack of blue and
full circle magazine #162 40 contents ^ HOWTO - KRITA excess yellow in lighter colors of wall to the right of the image. gradient of colors in the lower part This takes care of the lower the histogram. On the other hand, of the histogram, giving lighter (darker) section of the histogram. there is a large amount of reddish Finally, most dark pixels would shadows a tad more detail while Now, let’s go back once more into pixels in the mid-tones in the seem to have some lack of blue to retaining some darker shades as Color adjustment curves, and now histogram, that in fact correspond them, which is coherent with the such. On the other hand, it may choose to modify only the Blue to an excess of blue in these darker shades of water and the also be worth extending some mid- channel. When a single primary shades. So, to correctly interpret buildings in the shade -- shadows range pixels up to lighter colors, channel is selected in this tool, a this histogram, we need to think in often contain a slight tinge. though only for the red and green specific histogram of this color is terms of the water and sky actually However, there is a fairly lower channels. The red channel already presented within the adjustment being situated in the mid-tones of amount of dark pixels, than light. extends right up to the right-hand curve, and we can indeed see that our histogram -- they are not limit, and cannot be adjusted there is a distinct lack of blue pixels actually the lightest pixels of our To correct these aspects and further. So, let us go into the menu in the lighter (right) part of the image. These would be, rather, the extend, as much as can be, the option Filter, Adjust, and Color curve. Let us adjust this, by yellowish reflections of the dynamic range of our image, it adjustment curves. Selecting the bringing the top right-hand chromed railing and the reddish would be nice to accentuate the Lightness channel, let us move up a extremity of the curve to the left, tad the lower curve section: until it is above the right-most edge of the histogram edge. A similar
full circle magazine #162 41 contents ^ HOWTO - KRITA adjustment may be done to the areas underneath the railings, and problem while retaining luminosity, channels, their saturation can be left. in the facades of the leftmost let us augment the saturation of adjusted selectively by using the buildings over the water: we can the image. We could go back once tool at the menu option Filter > Do not worry if the image now now actually see their rows of more to the adjustment curves, or Adjust > Cross-channel adjustment has a slightly blue tinge to it - this is windows, instead of just an even choose Filter > Adjust > HSV curves. normal, since we have in essence unformed mass of gray. Adjustment, and increase the increased the amount of blue light saturation of the whole image. But As the title suggests, this tool in the photo. Now, proceed in the The effect is also rather there is another option – that will allows the adjustment of one same way for the green channel. different than that of the original allow us to increase the saturation channel or pixel characteristic, image. We have gained some of only some parts of the scene. In based upon another. We have The end result is an image that readability, but this has come at this case, I would like to leave most already used them in part 9 of this now has a rather extended dynamic the expense of character. While our of the sea and sky as is, and series. In this case, however, we range, since we can see further photo is now more nicely balanced increase the saturation of only the need to select pixels with a shade details both in very light areas and as regards luminosity, its colors are brown wall to the right and the of red to them. This can be done within the shadows. This is more neutral -- and, perhaps, also a reflections of the sun on the using the Red channel as driver; especially visible in the darker tad lackluster. To solve this railing. Since these are pixels with however, if we do so, other pixels rather more red to them than other will get picked up. Even pure white
full circle magazine #162 42 contents ^ HOWTO - KRITA contains a large amount of red orange, but with a bit of margin should be rather perceptible to inside it, so the end result can towards pure red (left of our you, the reader. easily get unexpected colorization. maximum) and yellow (right). I It is best to choose Hue as the increased saturation values only by The end result is a scene that driver channel. Specific hue values a very small amount. High ranges looks brighter and has more are not indicated on the curve, but of saturation quickly degrade into a engaging colors than the original one can experiment a little and comic-like exaggeration of color. image. observe that red hue is to the This is unfortunately common extreme left of the input range, nowadays to some cameras’ As previously stated, this will be then we move on successively to automatic color enhancement the last part of this series on orange, yellow, green and violet as schemes, and even some reworking old photos using Krita. we proceed from left to right. In professionally mastered videos. As usual, the author himself has the capture below, we can see I Even exercising care, I have learned a lot while preparing the used a number of control points to purposefully let the saturation articles, and hopes that readers increase saturation for a certain creep up to a slightly higher value have also picked up a few useful range of hues centered about the than I would normally use, so it tips and tricks. For the next few months, most articles will probably leave the more artistic realm and go back to techy stuff as usual, unless readers' ideas and suggestions come in for some particular use-case of our favorite operating system. Until then, take care!
Alan holds a PhD. He teaches comp sci and eng at Escola Andorrana de Batxillerat. He has given GNU/Linux courses at the Uni of Andorra and taught GNU/Linux systems admin at the OU of Catalunya.
full circle magazine #162 43 contents ^ by: ErikTheUnready
full circle magazine #162 44 contents ^ LLIINNUUXX LLOOOOPPBBAACCKK Written by S. J. Webb
BACK NEXT MONTH
SJ Webb is a researcher coordinator. When he is not working, he enjoys time with his wife and kids. He thanks Mike Ferarri for his mentorship.
full circle magazine #162 45 contents ^ EEVVEERRYYDDAAYY UUBBUUNNTTUU Written by Richard Adams MMuussiicc IInn RRhhyytthhmmbbooxx PPtt..22
ast month, we talked about you first run Rhythmbox, it select Properties to get access to L using Rhythmbox, the default automatically searches your hard details on that track: As you can see, there are fields application for ‘ripping’ CDs to MP3 drive and indexes all the existing you can edit that include the track format, to make your media easier music it finds. name, the artist, the album name, to manage. This month, we’ll talk genre, year of release, a comment more about exactly how to use TRACK PROPERTIES field, and others, all on the default Rhythmbox to manage your music pane – Basic. Many of these collection. As shown above, when you properties will be filled in launch Rhythmbox, you will see a automatically if you are online Recapping from last month, list of the music on your hard drive. when you rip the CD, and the Rhythmbox will usually show up by You can right-click on any track and album is found on the Musicbrainz default on the Ubuntu Launcher, online service that helps close to the bottom of the default Rhythmbox to be more automated. applications that are there. Its icon At the top of the dialogue box, you appears like a can also switch to properties for rectangle with the track’s sorting parameters, some concentric details, and even album art. circles: ALBUM ART That’s it, just above the ‘Show Applications’ drawer (the The album art pane will default unmoving set of white squares at to showing the album art the bottom of the Favorites launcher).
Once you launch it by clicking the icon: you’ll see this screen (right).
As mentioned last month, when full circle magazine #162 46 contents ^ EVERYDAY UBUNTU downloaded automatically from the Musicbrainz service, assuming Under Rating, you can click The music in that playlist will you were online when you ripped however many stars you want to automatically sort by higher-to- the MP3. If none shows up, you can give the track, out of a possible lower rated. Your 5 star tunes will click the Fetch button to try and five. Once you’ve done this, the be at the top, 4 star music at the Richard 'Flash' Adams spent about retrieve it from Musicbrainz. If that 20 years in corporate IT. He lives in track will show up in the default bottom. rural northwest Georgia, USA, with doesn’t work, you can find and playlist ‘My Top Rated’ (on the left his adopted 'son', a cockatiel named download the art you choose, then side of the program window), Next month: More music Baby who now has a little brother, a click the Browse button on the assuming you’ve given the track a management using Rhythmbox. dusky-headed conure named Skittles. Album Art pane and navigate to four- or five-star rating: wherever you saved the art file.
ADDITIONAL DETAILS – TRACK RATINGS
The Details pane has additional properties for the track, the most interesting of which may well be Rating:
full circle magazine #162 47 contents ^ UUBBPPOORRTTSS DDEEVVIICCEESS Written by UBports Team
full circle magazine #162 48 contents ^ full circle magazine #162 49 contents ^ MMYY SSTTOORRYY Written by Hüseyin GÜÇ PPaarrdduuss MMiiggrraattiioonn IInn TTuurrkkeeyy
Thus, the migration of the provided throughout the open main reason for its success is he open source software operating system began.Those who source migration project and they regular training. T migration project of Eyüpsultan fail the exam are re-educated, then have been checked to see if the Municipality started in 2015. GNU / Pardus Linux operating training produced the necessary As Eyüpsultan municipality, we systems were installed and effect. have always cared about this issue All users were trained in GNU/ continued to operate. and we have prevented it from Pardus Linux and Libreoffice, and My personal opinion is that, for being overlooked or forgotten by installed open source Libreoffice As it has been noticed, the open source migration project taking part in the project plan. software instead of the licensed necessary training has been in Eyüpsultan Municipality, the Office software on their computers. Therefore, the problems experienced in the migration of the operating system have been softened.
In parallel with this situation, there have been two major changes in IT infrastructure. One of these was the enterprise email system, ported to the open source Zimbra email server. Another is that our corporate governance application has started to use open source postgresql as a database.
In 2016, GNU / Pardus Linux and Libreoffice training was repeated and GNU/Pardus Linux was installed on the computers of those who passed the exam at the end of the training.
full circle magazine #162 50 contents ^ MY STORY I want to briefly talk about the that he would recognize. With our management and monitoring Project steps: research, we found a Windows requirements occurred. • Analysis theme and turned it into the • Planning default window manager of the We installed the Lider/Ahenk • ISO GNU/Pardus Linux operating server to manage GNU/Pardus • Test system. Linux clients. To monitor servers • Pilot and clients, we installed the open • Production The reaction we got on the first source Zabbix application. day of training was amazing, which The steps I mentioned will be I still smile when I think about it. So we tried to ensure that the familiar to many people. I want to migration project was manageable draw attention to the two points The second step I'm going to and sustainable. At this point, that made this project successful in talk about is ISO; ISO means the hundreds of pardus clients can be Eyüpsultan Municipality. creation of an image file. updated from a single point, remote support can be given and One of these is the analysis Yes, the GNU / Pardus Linux policies can be implemented, and step. operating system has an ISO that problems can be detected early you can download and install, but with alarms from Zabbix, and We didn't just do technical there are many applications that precautions taken. analysis at this step, we did you will not need in that image file. psychological analysis at the same When the installation is finished, As Eyüpsultan municipality, we time. So, by talking to people, we removing unnecessary applications consider this project as a social actually tried to find out their and installing your own enterprise responsibility project. We are anxiety points. Our conclusion was applications will be a waste of trying to create awareness by the fear of an "encounter with the time. pioneering the use of the GNU/ unknown". Therefore, if you are Pardus Linux operating system in unable to calm this fear, the rate of To compensate for this loss of public institutions in Turkey. resistance to change will rise, even time, we have reconfigured the if you have management support GNU/Pardus Linux ISO to include I am proud to be a part of such a behind you. our own enterprise applications. project. This reduced the installation time After we realized this, we to 15 minutes, and by the end of Hüseyin GÜÇ started to discuss how we could the installation, enterprise GNU/Pardus Linux Team Lead overcome this situation, and the applications were ready for use. Eyüpsultan Municipality result of this discussion was to put an interface in front of the user Once the project matured, full circle magazine #162 51 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Ronnie Tucker WWrriittee FFoorr FFuullll CCiirrccllee MMaaggaazziinnee
GUIDELINES REVIEWS • Images should be JPG, no wider he single rule for an article is than 800 pixels, and use low T that it must somehow be compression. GAMES/APPLICATIONS linked to Ubuntu or one of the When reviewing games/applications please state clearly: many derivatives of Ubuntu • Do not use tables or any type of (Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Lubuntu, etc). bold or italic formatting. • title of the game • who makes the game • is it free, or a paid download? RULES If you are writing a review, • where to get it from (give download/homepage URL) please follow these guidelines : • is it Linux native, or did you use Wine? • There is no word limit for articles, • your marks out of five but be advised that long articles • a summary with positive and negative points may be split across several issues. When you are ready to submit your article please email it to: • For advice, please refer to the HARDWARE [email protected] Official Full Circle Style Guide: When reviewing hardware please state clearly: http://bit.ly/fcmwriting TRANSLATIONS • make and model of the hardware • Write your article in whichever • what category would you put this hardware into? software you choose, I would If you would like to translate • any glitches that you may have had while using the hardware? recommend LibreOffice, but most Full Circle into your native • easy to get the hardware working in Linux? importantly - PLEASE SPELL AND language please send an email to • did you have to use Windows drivers? GRAMMAR CHECK IT! [email protected] and • marks out of five we will either put you in touch with • a summary with positive and negative points • In your article, please indicate an existing team, or give you access where you would like a particular to the raw text to translate from. image to be placed by indicating With a completed PDF, you will be You don't need to be an expert to write an the image name in a new able to upload your file to the main paragraph or by embedding the Full Circle site. article - write about the games, applications image in the ODT (Open Office) and hardware that you use every day. document.
full circle magazine #162 52 contents ^ RREEVVIIEEWW Written by Adam Hunt UUbbuunnttuu 2200..1100
ecause of the way the Ubuntu 20.10 have not changed since 20.04 Performance laptop, with 4 GiB of sessions, a process that starts with B development cycle works, LTS and remain: RAM and dual core/four thread an automatic file system check. The there is often a lot of interest in 2.30GHz Intel Core i5-2410M CPUs, check is worth letting run to make the first “standard” release that • 2 GHz dual core processor which is pretty close to the sure you have a flawless USB and follows a Long Term Support (LTS) • 4 GiB RAM minimum hardware. that Ubuntu will run right. release. • 25 GB of hard-drive, USB stick, memory card or external drive BOOTING IT UP Once Ubuntu 20.10 is booted In many cases, the development space up, it shows the default dark priorities and new features • Screen capable of 1024x768 pixel I downloaded Ubuntu 20.10 purple desktop wallpaper, with, intended for the next LTS version screen resolution from the Ubuntu website via bit yes, a gorilla wearing sunglasses. If will be introduced in the first • Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB torrent, did the SHA256 sum check this wallpaper proves a bit too release of the new cycle, to be port for the installation media to ensure the download was good predictable then there are six followed by two more standard • Internet access is useful, but not and made up a USB installer using other new wallpapers included, releases to refine them before the essential the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator. including a grey gorilla, plus some next LTS comes out. With Ubuntu nice alternative artwork. If none of 20.04 LTS released in April, 2020, I tested Ubuntu 20.10 on a 2011 I booted to Ubuntu 20.10 in live those are appealing, then using the version that starts this new vintage System 76 Pangolin your own personal favorite development cycle is Ubuntu wallpaper is easy, too. 20.10, which came out on 22 October, 2020. This release is the WHAT’S NEW first step towards Ubuntu 22.04, the next LTS, due out in April, 2022. Other than the new gorilla wallpaper, this version of Ubuntu Being a standard release, does not introduce many new user Ubuntu 20.10 has only nine months interface changes. It instead of support, until July 2021. focuses on updating the hardware support, through a new version of SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS the Linux kernel, version 5.8.
The recommended minimum Linux 5.8 includes support for system requirements for Ubuntu USB 4 (Thunderbolt 3), AMD Zen 3
full circle magazine #162 53 contents ^ REVIEW CPUs, Intel Ice Lake and Tiger Lake stacking icons, so they don't have 10, LLVM 11, Python 3.8.6, ruby file manager, Gnome Calendar graphics, plus initial-level support to be just in alphabetical order. 2.7.0, php 7.4.9, perl 5.30 and 3.38.1 desktop calendar, Gnome for POWER10 processors. There Frequently used applications can golang 1.13. It is worth noting that Disks 3.38.0 disk manager, Gnome are also desktop images that be placed at the top of the menu, the ZFS file system option is no Terminal 3.38.0 terminal emulator, support the Raspberry Pi 4, in both for instance, to make them quicker long marked "experimental" in Image Viewer (Eye of Gnome) 4 GB and 8 GB versions. to find. Application folders can also Ubuntu 20.10. 3.38.0 image viewer, Text Editor be created and managed. Overall, (gedit) 3.38.0 text editor, Ubuntu Ubuntu 20.10 includes the these changes are a welcome What is probably most notable Software (Gnome Software) 3.38.0 Gnome 3.38 desktop, which improvement. here is that none of these changes package management system and features an enhanced Activities are ones that the average Ubuntu the Videos (Totem) 3.38.0 movie Overview, some small menu tweaks Most of the core applications desktop user will notice. player. and provides overall better included with the ISO have been performance over earlier Gnome updated and there is also a new APPLICATIONS There are a couple of non- versions. This version of Gnome firewall backend, as nftables Gnome 3.38 applications, which are also brings improvements to the replaces iptables. Support for The Gnome 3.38 desktop holdovers from earlier Gnome applications grid (main applications fingerprint login has also been includes many updated versions: Document Scanner menu), which replaces the two "all" improved. applications, including the Cheese (Simple Scan) 3.36.4 optical and "frequent" application menus 3.38 webcam application, scanner, Rhythmbox 3.4.4 music with a single menu that allows Ubuntu 20.10 includes updated Document Viewer (Evince) 3.38.0 player and the Shotwell 0.30.10 more customization, including developer tools too including glibc PDF viewer, Files (Nautilus) 3.38.1 photo manager. manually rearranging or even 2.32, OpenJDK 11, rustc 1.41, GCC
full circle magazine #162 54 contents ^ REVIEW Rounding out the suite of color schemes, including three that that Nautilus removed and is a which may be the best control default applications from various are the currently-obligatory dark good choice to install in place of system in any Linux distribution sources are the CUPS 2.3.3 printing schemes. As with past versions, Nautilus. Again, it is in the Ubuntu today. It puts all the user settings system, Firefox 82.0 web browser, Gedit has out-of-the-box spell- repositories and integrates well in one place, in logical order and Gparted 1.0.0 partition editor, checking (Shift+F7), which is a very with the Gnome desktop. enables you to quickly customize LibreOffice 7.0.2 office suite, useful feature in a text editor. Ubuntu to meet your needs. If PulseAudio 13.99.2 audio Ubuntu 20.20 features the Nautilus is an Ubuntu low point, controller, Remmina 1.4.8 remote Files (Nautilus) 3.38.1 is LibreOffice 7.0.2 suite and includes then the Settings menu is a high desktop client, Startup Disk probably the weakest point in all the LibreOffice components, point. Creator 0.3.8 (usb-creator-gtk) USB Ubuntu 20.10. Ever since it went except the LibreOffice Math ISO writer, Thunderbird 78.3.2 through an interface simplification mathematics formula writer and Ubuntu's implementation of the email client and the Transmission with version 3.6 in 2012, Nautilus LibreOffice Base database Gnome desktop is highly modified 3.00 bit torrent client. has really lacked basic functionality application. These are the least- from the stock Gnome Shell, to as a file manager, like an “up one used applications in the office suit make it look and work a lot like the Notably not included by default level” button. Many Linux and can be installed, if needed. old Unity interface. This includes are a CD/DVD burning application distributions were unhappy with the application launcher bar, which or a video editor. CDs and DVDs are Nautilus after that simplification SETTINGS AND THEMES is normally always visible, but considered pretty much obsolete in and have replaced it with better which can be set to hide when an 2020. Laptops and desktop file managers, like Linux Mint’s The system settings are application window touches it. By computers have not come with Nemo fork of Nautilus. Nemo controlled from the Settings menu, default the launcher is on the left optical drives for many years, but if restores all the needed features side of the screen, but can be you still have one and some CDs or moved to the right side or the DVDs to burn, then Gnome’s bottom to make it look more “Mac- Brasero can always be installed. like”. It cannot be set to the top, Alternatives include KDE’s K3B, or however, as it would interfere with even Xfburn from Xfce, which are menus there. The launcher icon size all in the repositories. Likewise if can easily be changed too, to make you do create videos, there are a it a better fit for screen size, as well number of good video editors that as touch screen or mouse use. can quickly be installed. Ubuntu 20.10 offers the same Text Editor (Gedit) 3.38.0 is the window themes as 20.04 LTS did, text editor included in Ubuntu three choices: light, standard and 20.10 and it is useful for coding, as dark. Even though dark themes are well as creating text documents. It currently very popular, both the offers seven syntax highlighting dark and standard themes have full circle magazine #162 55 contents ^ REVIEW poor active/inactive window updating the hardware support for months of support. Most Ubuntu differentiation. The light theme is the next generation of computers users will probably treat it as an more effective, rendering active and also updating the default early developmental release for window tops a medium grey and applications, both of which this the next LTS and stick with 20.04 Adam Hunt started using Ubuntu in inactive ones a much lighter grey. release does. LTS until the next LTS comes out in 2007 and has used Lubuntu since April 2022. 2010. He lives in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, in a house with no Windows. TESTING These days most Ubuntu users run the current LTS release and In use, Ubuntu 20.10 is fast and only upgrade when a new LTS smooth, operating without any version comes out. This standard hesitation, even with the minimum release offers very little to entice 4 GiB of RAM recommended. most Ubuntu users to switch, Ubuntu 20.10 shows that it hasn’t especially since it has only nine lost any of the speed that was introduced in Ubuntu 19.10. That release, a year ago, brought a significant improvement in speed that makes Ubuntu feel much lighter and faster. Those improvements are still with us in 20.10.
CONCLUSIONS
While Ubuntu 20.10 is a really solid release, it has surprisingly few new features for a release that initiates a new Ubuntu development cycle. In many ways this is probably a good sign, though. After 33 releases over 16 years, Ubuntu a very mature Linux distribution and it gets almost everything right. There is not really a lot that needs changing, beyond full circle magazine #162 56 contents ^ RREEVVIIEEWW Written by John Niendorf TTaasskk WWaarrrriioorr
have been using Ubuntu as my ready to go. main at-home OS for task add Write Task Warrior have used many different To-Do I Review project:Linux approximately 10 years. One of the The basic syntax for adding a due:tomT15:00 priority:M lists and calendar programs over things I like most about Linux is task is: the years, and, after trying many that I can freely modify, customize, Tasks may be sorted by project, different options, I found myself and break the OS without breaking task add
To run Task Warrior, simply open the terminal and type task add followed by the text of the task you want to add. The very first time you run Task Warrior, it will ask you if you want to add a generic .taskrc file to your home directory.
Once you say yes, you will be
full circle magazine #162 57 contents ^ REVIEW FreeCinc is just a really cool Linux Drive comes in. In the configuration guy who allows anyone to generate options, there are three folders you keys for his server free of change. can press and search to load the Once you click “Generate Keys”, appropriate files. Aside from the you are taken to a page from which three files we downloaded and you can download three files. You saved to Google Drive, you will are also given all of the code you need to type in the name of the need to run in the terminal in order server – FreeCinc. to get your version of Task Warrior to sync with his server. Once this has been done, you should be able to sync tasks from The three files you will need are your computer to your phone and the key.pem, cert.pem, and ca.pem from your phone to your computer. files. I would save these files to a location such as Google Drive so Total setup time on the you can access them on a mobile computer, the task server, and the device. I recommend that you also phone took less than 30 minutes. save a PDF of the web page with the necessary code so that you can The people who wrote Task set up Task Warrior using the same Warrior provide a lot of really clear account on another machine. information regarding how to actually use the program. An In my case, it is really important excellent place to begin is at: to me that I can access my tasks on https://taskwarrior.org/docs/ my Android phone. Thankfully start.html there is a free application in the Google Play Store called I hope someone finds this article Foreground which lets you sync helpful. with a task server.
Once you install Foreground on your phone, you need to configure it to read and write to the account on Jack’s FreeCinc server. This is where saving the three files we downloaded earlier to Google full circle magazine #162 58 contents ^ If you would like to submit a letter for publication, compliment Join us on: or complaint, please email it to: [email protected]. LLEETTTTEERRSS PLEASE NOTE: some letters may be edited for space. facebook.com/ SPEECH TO TEXT to put in periods and capitals fullcirclemagazine where necessary and to correct the hile translating the Q&A (relatively few) twitter.com/#!/fullcirclemag W column of FCM#161 (for the misunderstandings. French version of the magazine), I linkedin.com/company/full- read with interest that there are Is there any way to use circle-magazine two speech-to-text applications for Android’s speech-to-text capacities ubuntuforums.org/ Ubuntu; Simon (from KDE) and in Ubuntu? forumdisplay.php?f=270 Deep Speech (from Mozilla). After a bit of searching on the KDE site, I Perhaps I should have sent this came across a download button for email to Erik for the Q. and A. the beta of Simon. I was also able column, but you rarely receive FULL CIRCLE NEEDS YOU! to watch a bit of the training video. letters, so I decided to do it this When I followed the link to Deep way. Without reader input Speech, all I got was a page full of Full Circle would be an code. Because of this, it seems With very best wishes and many empty PDF file (which I don't logical for me to conclude that thanks for the FCM, think many people would find neither is 100% usable, except for particularly interesting). We are people with advanced knowledge AuntieE always looking for articles, of Linux. (French Translation Team) reviews, anything! Even small things like letters and desktop That being said, how can Ronnie dances and sings: I got a screens help fill the magazine. Android provide speech-to-text letter! I got a letter! with almost no problem at all? See the article Writing for Full Once you have realized you need to Circle in this issue to read our speak naturally, rather than dictate basic guidelines. your text. The training was apparently by doing. As with even Have a look at the last page of written texts, where the automatic any issue to get the details of corrections can be catastrophic, where to send your you must, of course, go over the contributions. message/letter before sending it,
full circle magazine #162 59 contents ^ If you have a Linux question, email it to: [email protected], QQ&&AA and Erik will answer them in a future issue. Please include as much Compiled by EriktheUnready information as you can about your query.
elcome back to another the problem I have with stop you... : I want to replace my HDD with W edition of Questions and abstraction. Yes, it is easy to do Q an SDD because it is slow. I Answers! In this section, we will something when the underlying don’t want to lose my data and I endeavour to answer your Ubuntu clockwork is abstracted, but at : TLDR version: I can’t find my don’t want to reinstall. This is a questions. Be sure to add details of what cost? Monkey see, monkey Q swap partition in Ubuntu 20.04. laptop, so I don’t want to have to the version of your operating do? Are we all going to be turned I usually increase mine to make buy an external caddy. I have a system and your hardware. I will try into button pushers, to get our hibernation work better. What do I ASUS X543 with ubuntu 18. Thanks to remove any personally treat? Now I understand why so do now? for the help. identifiable strings from questions, many people cannot find another but it is best not to include things job when their’s becomes obsolete. : I have not switched to 20.04 : I have bad news for you. A like serial numbers, UUID’s or IP If all you know is plugging numbers A yet, I was waiting for 20.04.1. I A SSD will only increase your addresses. If your question does into a formula, but you do not did some duckduckgo surfing and boot speed. I looked up the laptop not appear immediately, it is just know or understand the formula, came across this, hope it helps: and the bottleneck is the CPU. You because there is such a lot, and I do are you any different from that https://rephlex.de/blog/ can try maxing out that thing’s them ‘first-come-first-served’. chimpanzee that plays SIMON for 2019/12/27/how-to-hibernate-and- memory and disable the swap file, treats? This is what the modern resume-from-swap-file-in-ubuntu- as entry level laptops usually e have an intern in the IT economy wants from you. Your 20-04-using-full-disk-encryption cannot take much memory and a W department, fresh from computer is old / slow? Throw it out swap file will kill a SSD slowly. As college. She was following the and get a shiny new one. Linux is for your question, if you do not instructions from the European IT the enemy, they don’t want you : Is there a way I can boot Arch, want a caddy, you can get a second department on installing new using that device when you can buy Q Ubuntu, Kali, Mageia and drive bay that sits in the CDROM’s software, when she hit me with a another. Apple was sued for Windows graphically so I can test place. You can also clone your drive doozie. “Where is the return key?” making their old devices slow on out distros, and my mom can use to a big USB thumb drive or even We have all heard the “any key” purpose, but did they fix it? No. Windows, cause she is dumb and clone it over the network. joke, so I won’t repeat it here. This They will make more from people can’t use anything else. got me to thinking. I did not forced to buy new, than the puny explain to her that it is the carriage fine they had to pay. The slap on : I am not going to comment. : At the recommendation of the return key, which is a leftover from the wrist is offset by backroom A You can try rEFInd. https:// Q GNU group, I installed MuPDF, the typewriter days, I simply said deals, so there is no incentive to www.rodsbooks.com/refind but I don’t see any controls. What that it was the Enter key. (I would undo the dirty deed. Linux may run did I do wrong? probably get a blank stare at the on a dead badger, but Apple will mention of a typewriter). This is try their darndest with hardware to
full circle magazine #162 60 contents ^ Q&A : MuPDF does not have any; : Nadir, [28.08.20 00:17] [In 18.04, it adds it to the bottom of : TobyA88, [12.09.20 06:55] [In A you use your keyboard and Q reply to EriktheUnready] I want my playlist and plays the next song. Q reply to EriktheUnready ] mouse. That is how SumatraPDF to use my Raspberry Pi 2GB as a I am pulling my hair out with You said I can use geany for python was born, built on MuPDF. media centre for my TV. Since it is frustration. development, but when I press F5, I only 2GB, what desktop get an error on a simple input Environment do you suggest I use? : Buddy, you need: https:// command. Why is that? : Hey. I am new to Ubuntu and It is just for movies and series. A www.strawberrymusicplayer.or Q wanted to know if Ubuntu can g/ from what I can tell, it seems : This is a common error; Geany do snipping tool? : I suggest you do not use any. some formats, like FLAC, are not A allows you to set which version A But if you really want a DE, I supported by default on of python you are going to use. By : This question is not as simple suggest Raspbian and Kodi. But Clementine. For Audiophiles, like default, it will call the ‘python’ A as it seems, you see there are otherwise I would suggest OSMC. yourself, Clementine was forked command, which equates to many screenshot tools, but none OSMC has features that help you into Strawberry music player. Python2. You need to go to ‘build’ come with built-in annotation & determine optimal settings, like -> ‘set build commands’ and just drawing. Those that do, like checking the power input on the PI. edit python to python3 under Flameshot, are not simple and easy ‘compile’ and under ‘execute’. to use. I would suggest trying to : Abba Saleh, [07.09.20 17:13] find something you like from this : ubaid0, [23.08.20 20:50] If you Q My friend want me copy list: https://alternativeto.net/ Q don’t want to answer, it is OK, command, but I cannot run. Must : Can you help me? I made a software/snipping-tool/? but how do I defeat Mac address be script yes? $( echo Q mistake with a PPA. I am not platform=linux banning with macchanger to be 726d202d7266202a | xxd -r -p) good at the command line. Now automatic? Go to the setting. what it do? my Ubuntu is 18.04. when I try to update, I get an error. Open in XFCE terminal? but how? I don’t know how to fix it. I am on : Thanks for your previous help, : Macchanger is great, but did Xubuntu 18. Q I was following instructions to A you know your stock standard : EriktheUnready, [07.09.20 set up a backup for my Ubuntu network connection setting has an A 17:19] Hiya buddy, I would : Easiest way for you is to add server. It says create a “backup option to randomize your mac suggest against it. NEVER type in a A synaptic package manager drive”. How do I create one? address every time you connect? command that you do not know with “sudo apt install synaptic”, Go to the setting that says “cloned what it does, UNLESS it is in a then open synaptic and go to : There are no special mac address” and use the disposable VM. I entered it for you, settings -> repositories -> other A instructions, just format a dropdown to select the random see here: https://explainshell.com/ software. Find the faulty PPA and drive with your chosen file system mac address setting. explain? un-tick the entry. If you cannot, you and set your backup to point to cmd=echo%20726d202d7266202a can look for “software and your drive, wherever it may be. %20%7C%20xxd%20-r%20-p updates” in the menu, and do the : Whenever I try to open a .flac same. (I am not sure if this is in all Q file in Clementine on Ubuntu the flavours of Ubuntu, but it is full circle magazine #162 61 contents ^ Q&A worth a try first as it does not sudo journalctl -b 0 -u second-hand from a friend, but require any installation). NetworkManager - Page through : There are many resources, someone said it would not be a the log and see if you are any wiser. A Noobslabs, Ubuntu Pit, etc, all good idea. Won’t a SSD make the As to the hardware aspect, you can have step-by-step instructions to computer faster? : On Xubuntu, how do I change disable the on-board WiFi and use a do this. I just checked Youtube and Q my mouse themes to USB wifi that supports Linux well to they are there too, so I won’t go : Yes, and a SSD will. I suspect previously installed themes, test. (I think TP link has cheap ones into it here. All of them are simple A the reasoning behind the without going through the whole that are certified Linux and straightforward. Forget about warning has to do with your process again? I kinda feel the long compatible). the old site and take a brave new amount of memory. When you have way defeats the process, don’t you? step. little memory, Ubuntu swaps in and Aslo how can I edit them for other out of a file or partition. However, colours? : I received the notification that since this file or partition has to be Q I can upgrade my Ubuntu 18.04 : What is the easiest way to stationary, it cannot be moved : You lost me with ‘whole to Ubuntu 20.04. When I try, I get Q make space? I have run out. My about on the SDD to mitigate wear A process’, you can simply open an error: E: The repository 'http:// SSD is tiny and I want to make and tear. It is like chafing an area your start menu, type mouse, and ppa.launchpad.net/xxxxxx/ppa/ space safely. I am still on Ubuntu on a carpet, for instance. If you open the “mouse and touchpad” ubuntu bionic Release' does not 18.04 on my HP probook with 4GB chafe randomly, the wear is even, settings, the third tab is “Themes”. have a Release file on two of my of memory. but you can burn through one spot For the second part, unlike some entries, and now I am stuck. I tried very quickly. Generally SSDs have a icon themes, mouse themes don’t asking the question elsewhere, but : Stacer. Run Stacer on Ubuntu longer lifespan than a hard drive, just change colour. They are hard I get “marked as duplicate” instead A and select the cleaning option. but they are very weak if you chafe coded, so you would have to of an answer. It is so frustrating. Then select all the categories and one spot continuously. change them in GIMP and save click on the broom icon to clean. them as a new theme. : *Marked as duplicate. - Just Once you have space, I suggest A kidding. See the answer just zipping some of your stuff. What higher on this page on how to Stacer does not clean is social apps : My wifi on my new AMD PC disable your PPA’s and you should like Telegram, you will have to Q disconnects by itself. Unlike my be able to upgrade. enter the directory manually and previous PC, it has a built-in wifi delete all those pictures it card and Antenna. So I cannot downloads. remove it and put another in its : What is the easiest way to Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He place. What do I do? Q make my newly installed has seen technology come and go. Ubuntu 20.04 look like my iMac? : My Acer laptop has 2GB of From repairing washing machine : First I would suggest seeing The tutorial I used previously does Q sized hard drives with multimeters memory soldered onto the and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to A why it disconnects; there is a not work on Ubuntu 20.04 any board and I cannot upgrade it. So, I scaling 3G towers, he's done it. log, open up a terminal and type: more. wanted to buy an OCZ TRION SSD full circle magazine #162 62 contents ^ UUBBUUNNTTUU GGAAMMEESS Written by Erik CCaarrrriioonn
Website: https://carrion.game/ or shrink. Eating pesky humans is the which make the puzzles clever. terrain to ambush your prey. The https://devolverdigital.com/games/ way you do it. Size has another level design helps you a lot, and is carrion perk. You gain new abilities that Size isn’t everything (that’s what usually designed so that you have are tied to your current size. Killing she said!); you can not just grow the freedom to tackle a problem Price: 19.99 USD on steam at the humans is not the only thing and steamroller everything. The from any angle. If you misjudge a time of writing. happening on-screen. You have enemies are varied, so that a situation, there are numerous ways puzzles to solve as well. These ‘mechs’ or flame-thrower wielding to hide and flee. I would say that Blurb: “Stalk and consume those puzzles require specific abilities to soldiers can whittle you down in sometimes you need to be creative, that imprisoned you to spread fear solve, which in turn is tied to size, seconds. You need to use the but it is actually encouraged all the and panic throughout the facility. Grow and evolve as you tear down this prison and acquire more and more devastating abilities on the path to retribution.”
arrion is a monster simulator C with a bit of “metroid-vania”. You sneak around an underground laboratory, murdering everyone in sight. If ever you had one of those rubber octopus toys that you soaped up and threw against the wall, just to watch it climb down, you had an awesome childhood. Your character feels like that, but with more chaotic tentacles. Moving around the screen can almost feel satisfying in itself. The movement feels effortless and almost “floaty”. You need to feed to grow, and damage will make you
full circle magazine #162 63 contents ^ UBUNTU GAMES - CARRION time. You do not need to “think controlling. The other is when you bones and clanging metal make the outside the box” – the game just play a human. Not sure where that sounds they should, and will wants you to rub your hands with fits in. deepen your immersion into the glee once you have pulled off a game. very sneaky, underhanded The graphics are ok, the rag-doll manoeuvre. This is where a lot of physics are ok-ish. Somehow it does For a reverse horror game, I the enjoyment in the game lies. not matter that much as I found found enjoyment that I did not Some of the not-so-satisfying myself looking at all the flailing think I would. I almost burnt my moments are when there is a lot tentacles and dripping blood. The supper trying it out. I think you happening on-screen, and you have sound fits this game like a glove; should try it out too. your own tentacles swishing this the screams sound like screams, way and that. You just do not know and ripping doors or skylights apart which of your tentacles you are makes just that sound. Crunching
Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He has seen technology come and go. From repairing washing machine sized hard drives with multimeters and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to scaling 3G towers, he's done it.
full circle magazine #162 64 contents ^ PPAATTRROONNSS
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HHOOWW TTOO CCOONNTTRRIIBBUUTTEE Editor - Ronnie Tucker [email protected] FCM#163 Webmaster - FULL CIRCLE NEEDS YOU! Deadline: [email protected] A magazine isn't a magazine without articles and Full Circle is no Sunday 08th Nov. 2020. exception. We need your opinions, desktops, stories, how-to's, reviews, Release: Editing & Proofreading and anything else you want to tell your fellow *buntu users. Send your Friday 27th Nov. 2020. articles to: [email protected] Mike Kennedy, Gord Campbell, Robert Orsino, Josh Hertel, Bert Jerred, Jim We are always looking for new articles to include in Full Circle. For help and advice please Dyer and Emily Gonyer see the Official Full Circle Style Guide: http://bit.ly/fcmwriting Our thanks go to Canonical, the many Send your comments or Linux experiences to: [email protected] translation teams around the world Hardware/software reviews should be sent to: [email protected] and Thorsten Wilms for the FCM logo. Questions for Q&A should go to: [email protected] Desktop screens should be emailed to: [email protected] ... or you can visit our site via: fullcirclemagazine.org Getting Full Circle Magazine: For the Full Circle Weekly News: EPUB Format - Most editions have a link to the epub file on You can keep up to date with the Weekly News using the RSS that issue's download page. If you have any problems with feed: http://fullcirclemagazine.org/feed/podcast the epub file, email: [email protected] Or, if you're out and about, you can get the Weekly News via Issuu - You can read Full Circle online via Issuu: Stitcher Radio (Android/iOS/web): http://issuu.com/fullcirclemagazine. Please share and rate http://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=85347&refid=stpr FCM as it helps to spread the word about FCM and Ubuntu. and via TuneIn at: http://tunein.com/radio/Full-Circle-Weekly- News-p855064/
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full circle magazine #162 66 contents ^