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The George Wright Forum
The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 34 number 3 • 2017 Society News, Notes & Mail • 243 Announcing the Richard West Sellars Fund for the Forum Jennifer Palmer • 245 Letter from Woodstock Values We Hold Dear Rolf Diamant • 247 Civic Engagement, Shared Authority, and Intellectual Courage Rebecca Conard and John H. Sprinkle, Jr., guest editors Dedication•252 Planned Obsolescence: Maintenance of the National Park Service’s History Infrastructure John H. Sprinkle, Jr. • 254 Shining Light on Civil War Battlefield Preservation and Interpretation: From the “Dark Ages” to the Present at Stones River National Battlefield Angela Sirna • 261 Farming in the Sweet Spot: Integrating Interpretation, Preservation, and Food Production at National Parks Cathy Stanton • 275 The Changing Cape: Using History to Engage Coastal Residents in Community Conversations about Climate Change David Glassberg • 285 Interpreting the Contributions of Chinese Immigrants in Yosemite National Park’s History Yenyen F. Chan • 299 Nānā I Ke Kumu (Look to the Source) M. Melia Lane-Kamahele • 308 A Perilous View Shelton Johnson • 315 (continued) Civic Engagement, Shared Authority, and Intellectual Courage (cont’d) Some Challenges of Preserving and Exhibiting the African American Experience: Reflections on Working with the National Park Service and the Carter G. Woodson Home National Historic Site Pero Gaglo Dagbovie • 323 Exploring American Places with the Discovery Journal: A Guide to Co-Creating Meaningful Interpretation Katie Crawford-Lackey and Barbara Little • 335 Indigenous Cultural Landscapes: A 21st-Century Landscape-scale Conservation and Stewardship Framework Deanna Beacham, Suzanne Copping, John Reynolds, and Carolyn Black • 343 A Framework for Understanding Off-trail Trampling Impacts in Mountain Environments Ross Martin and David R. -
Election Division Presidential Electors Faqs and Roster of Electors, 1816
Election Division Presidential Electors FAQ Q1: How many presidential electors does Indiana have? What determines this number? Indiana currently has 11 presidential electors. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States provides that each state shall appoint a number of electors equal to the number of Senators or Representatives to which the state is entitled in Congress. Since Indiana has currently has 9 U.S. Representatives and 2 U.S. Senators, the state is entitled to 11 electors. Q2: What are the requirements to serve as a presidential elector in Indiana? The requirements are set forth in the Constitution of the United States. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 provides that "no Senator or Representative, or person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector." Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment also states that "No person shall be... elector of President or Vice-President... who, having previously taken an oath... to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. Congress may be a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability." These requirements are included in state law at Indiana Code 3-8-1-6(b). Q3: How does a person become a candidate to be chosen as a presidential elector in Indiana? Three political parties (Democratic, Libertarian, and Republican) have their presidential and vice- presidential candidates placed on Indiana ballots after their party's national convention. -
Louisville Family ; Mary Married Wm. Smith, of Madison County, Ky., and Was the Mother of Colonel John Speed Smith and Grandmother of General Green Clay Smith
— CAPT. JAMES SPEED AND MARY SPENCER SECOND BRANCH. 61 that they we're 'named for their father's sisters. Neither of them survived childhood : Martha, born 1784, died the year following. Sarah, born 1786, died the same year. He also had a son born in Virginia, before the removal to Kentucky, named after his brother, Joseph. This child also died in infancy. An account willbe given of each one of the six surviving children and their descendants. Thomas was the ancestor of the Bardstown family ; John was the ancestor of the Louisville family ; Mary married Wm. Smith, of Madison county, Ky., and was the mother of Colonel John Speed Smith and grandmother of General Green Clay Smith. Her daughter married Tom Fry, and was the mother of General Speed S. Fry and others, all of which willbe particularly named. Elizabeth married Dr. Adam Rankin, whose descendants are in Henderson, Ky. James and Henry have no descend- ants now living. MAJOR THOMAS SPEED. A sketch of the life and times of Major Thomas Speed, first son of Captain James Speed and MarySpencer, would present a history of Kentucky through its most interest- ing period. He was in Kentucky from 1782 until his death in 1842. He was connected with the earliest politi- cal movements, was a Representative in the State Legis- lature and in Congress, and participated in the war of 1812. He was born in Virginia, October 25, 1768, and moved to Kentucky with his father, Captain James Speed, in the fall of 1782. He was then fourteen years of age, and was the eldest of the children The removal of this family to Kentucky was from Charlotte county, Va., which county adjoined Mecklenburg county, where Captain James Speed was born. -
The George Wright
THE GEORGE WRIGHT FORUvolume 23 Mnumber 1 * 2006 The ICOMOS-Ename Charter for Cultural Heritage Interpretation Origins Founded in 1980. the George Wright Society is organized for the pur poses of promoting the application of knowledge, fostering communica tion, improving resource management, and providing information to improve public understanding and appreciation of the basic purposes of natural and cultural parks and equivalent reserves. The Society is dedicat ed to the protection, preservation, and management of cultural and natu ral parks and reserves through research and education. Mission The George Wright Society advances the scientific and heritage values of parks and protected areas. The Society promotes professional research and resource stewardship across natural and cultural disciplines, provides avenues of communication, and encourages public policies that embrace these values. Our Goal The Society strives to be the premier organization connecting people, places, knowledge, and ideas to foster excellence in natural and cultural resource management, research, protection, and interpretation in parks and equivalent reserves. Board of Directors DwiGHT T. PlTCMTHLEY, President • Las Cruces, New Mexico ABIGAIL B. MILLER, Vice President • Shelhurne, Vermont JERRY EMORY, Treasurer • Mill Valley, California GILLIAN BOWSER, Secretary • Bryan, Texas REBECCA CONARD • Murfreesboro, Tennessee ROLF DiAMANT • Woodstock, Vermont SUZANNE LEWIS • Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming DAVID J. PARSONS • Florence, Montana STEPHANIE TOOTHMAN • Seattle, Washington WILLIAM H. WALKER,JR. • Herndon, Virginia STEPHEN WOODLEY • Chelsea, Quebec Executive Office DAVID HARMON, Executive Director EMILY DEKKER-FIALA, Conference Coordinator P. O. Box 65 • Hancock, Michigan 49930-0065 USA 1-906-487-9722 • fax 1-906-487-9405 [email protected] • www.georgewright.org The George Wright Society is a member of US/ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites—U.S. -
'Deprived of Their Liberty'
'DEPRIVED OF THEIR LIBERTY': ENEMY PRISONERS AND THE CULTURE OF WAR IN REVOLUTIONARY AMERICA, 1775-1783 by Trenton Cole Jones A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland June, 2014 © 2014 Trenton Cole Jones All Rights Reserved Abstract Deprived of Their Liberty explores Americans' changing conceptions of legitimate wartime violence by analyzing how the revolutionaries treated their captured enemies, and by asking what their treatment can tell us about the American Revolution more broadly. I suggest that at the commencement of conflict, the revolutionary leadership sought to contain the violence of war according to the prevailing customs of warfare in Europe. These rules of war—or to phrase it differently, the cultural norms of war— emphasized restricting the violence of war to the battlefield and treating enemy prisoners humanely. Only six years later, however, captured British soldiers and seamen, as well as civilian loyalists, languished on board noisome prison ships in Massachusetts and New York, in the lead mines of Connecticut, the jails of Pennsylvania, and the camps of Virginia and Maryland, where they were deprived of their liberty and often their lives by the very government purporting to defend those inalienable rights. My dissertation explores this curious, and heretofore largely unrecognized, transformation in the revolutionaries' conduct of war by looking at the experience of captivity in American hands. Throughout the dissertation, I suggest three principal factors to account for the escalation of violence during the war. From the onset of hostilities, the revolutionaries encountered an obstinate enemy that denied them the status of legitimate combatants, labeling them as rebels and traitors. -
The Clay Family
rilson Oub Publications NUMBER FOURTEEN The Clay Family PART FIRST The Mother of Henry Clay PART SECOND The Genealogy of the Clays BY Honorable Zachary F. Smith —AND- Mrs. Mary Rogers Clay Members of The Filson Club \ 1 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from The Institute of Museum and Library Services through an Indiana State Library LSTA Grant http://www.archive.org/details/clayfamilysmit Honorable HENRY CLAY. FILSON CLUB PUBLICATIONS NO. 14 The Clay Family PART FIRST The Mother of Henry Clay Hon. ZACHARY F. SMITH Member of The Filson Club PART SECOND The Genealogy of the Clays BY Mrs. MARY ROGERS CLAY Member of The Filson Club Louisville, Kentucky JOHN P. MORTON AND COMPANY Ttrinturs to TItb Filson ffiluh 1899 COPYRIGHTED BY THE FILSON CLUB 1899 PREFACE FEW elderly citizens yet living knew Henry Clay, A the renowned orator and statesman, and heard him make some of his greatest speeches. Younger per- sons who heard him not, nor saw him while living, have learned much of him through his numerous biog- raphers and from the mouths of others who did know him. Most that has been known of him, however, by either the living or the dead, has concerned his political career. For the purpose of securing votes for him among the masses in his candidacy for different offices he has been represented by his biographers as being of lowly origin in the midst of impecunious surroundings. Such, however, was not the condition of his early life. He was of gentle birth, with parents on both sides possessing not only valuable landed estates and numer- ous slaves, but occupying high social positions. -
Civil War in the Delta: Environment, Race, and the 1863 Helena Campaign George David Schieffler University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 8-2017 Civil War in the Delta: Environment, Race, and the 1863 Helena Campaign George David Schieffler University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Schieffler, George David, "Civil War in the Delta: Environment, Race, and the 1863 Helena Campaign" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 2426. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2426 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Civil War in the Delta: Environment, Race, and the 1863 Helena Campaign A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History by George David Schieffler The University of the South Bachelor of Arts in History, 2003 University of Arkansas Master of Arts in History, 2005 August 2017 University of Arkansas This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. ____________________________________ Dr. Daniel E. Sutherland Dissertation Director ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Dr. Elliott West Dr. Patrick G. Williams Committee Member Committee Member Abstract “Civil War in the Delta” describes how the American Civil War came to Helena, Arkansas, and its Phillips County environs, and how its people—black and white, male and female, rich and poor, free and enslaved, soldier and civilian—lived that conflict from the spring of 1861 to the summer of 1863, when Union soldiers repelled a Confederate assault on the town. -
Civil War Chronicles, a Civil War Commemorative Quilt
Civil War Chronicles, a Civil War commemorative quilt Read more about history of women and the Civil War: http://library.mtsu.edu/tps/Women_and_the_Civil_War.pdf Women of the Quilt: 1. Mary Custis Lee was the wife of Robert E. Lee, the prominent career military officer who subsequently commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. 2. Lizinka Campbell Ewell was the daughter of a Tennessee State senator who was also Minister to Russia under President James Monroe. In her second marriage, she married Confederate General Richard Ewell. 3. Arabella Griffith Barlow, Civil War Nurse and wife of General Francis Barlow, who spent much of the War treating wounded soldiers as part of the United States Sanitary Commission. 4. Jessie Benton Fremont, an American writer and political activist, wife of John C. Fremont, explorer of the American West and commander of the Western Region in the Civil War. 5. Mary Ann Montgomery Forrest, wife of Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest, who followed her husband across many battlefields, described as “.. moving fro place to place as the scenes of the war shifted, like a true soldier.” 6. Julia Dent Grant was the wife of the 18th President of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant, and was First Lady of the United States from 1869 to 1877. 7. Maria Garland Longstreet, wife of Confederate general James Longstreet, was the daughter of General John Garland. 8. Susan Elston Wallace was an American author and poet from Crawfordsville, Indiana. In addition to writing travel articles for several American magazines and newspapers, she published six books, five of which contain collected essays from her travels in the New Mexico Territory, Europe, and the Middle East in the 1880s. -
Arkansas Moves Toward Secession and War
RICE UNIVERSITY WITH HESITANT RESOLVE: ARKANSAS MOVES TOWARD SECESSION AND WAR BY JAMES WOODS A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MASTER OF ARTS Dr.. Frank E. Vandiver Houston, Texas ABSTRACT This work surveys the history of ante-bellum Arkansas until the passage of the Ordinance of Secession on May 6, 186i. The first three chapters deal with the social, economic, and politicai development of the state prior to 1860. Arkansas experienced difficult, yet substantial .social and economic growth during the ame-belium era; its percentage of population increase outstripped five other frontier states in similar stages of development. Its growth was nevertheless hampered by the unsettling presence of the Indian territory on its western border, which helped to prolong a lawless stage. An unreliable transportation system and a ruinous banking policy also stalled Arkansas's economic progress. On the political scene a family dynasty controlled state politics from 1830 to 186u, a'situation without parallel throughout the ante-bellum South. A major part of this work concentrates upon Arkansas's politics from 1859 to 1861. In a most important siate election in 1860, the dynasty met defeat through an open revolt from within its ranks led by a shrewd and ambitious Congressman, Thomas Hindman. Hindman turned the contest into a class conflict, portraying the dynasty's leadership as "aristocrats" and "Bourbons." Because of Hindman's support, Arkansans chose its first governor not hand¬ picked by the dynasty. By this election the people handed gubernatorial power to an ineffectual political novice during a time oi great sectional crisis. -
Roster of the Commandery of Vermont, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, Jan. 4, 1904
Gc W.L 973.7406 M59ve 1893767 REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION J ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 833 01083 6119 i JQF THE I (9 Commandery of Vermont Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States* I ! January 4J 12Q4L i liUULINQTON: Fuee ritijss ASSOOIATION, 1904. 1893767 y&>[Jk&jJC Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 http://archive.org/details/rosterofcommandOOmili /: MILITARY ORDER OF THE LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES. Vermont commandery. jRosterjof , the commandery of Vermont, Military order of the loyal legion of the United States. January 4, 1904. Burlington, Free press associa- tion, 1904. c23 3 p. ' 3 &$ ? OFFICERS OF THE COMMANDERY-IN-CHIEF Commander-in-Chief, Brevet Major-General D. McM. Gregg. Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Major-General John R. Brooke. Junior Vlce-Commander-in-Chief, Rear Admiral Charles E. Clarke. Recorder-in-Chief, Brevet Lieut-Colonel John P. Nicholson. Registrnr-in-Cliief, Brevet Major William P. Huxford, Treasurer-in-Chief, Paymaster George DeF. Barton. CItnncclIor-In-Chlef, Brevet Captain John Oj Foering. Cbanltttn-ln-Chlef, Brevet Major Henry S. Burrage, D. D. Council-in-Chief, Captain Roswell H. Mason, Brevet Major Henry L. Swords, Brevet Major A. M. Van Dyke, Brevet Brig.-General F. A. Starring, Brevet Major Charles A. Hopkins. OFFICERS OF THE COMMANDERY Commander, Second Lieutenant George Grenvillo Benedict, U. S. Y., Burlington, Vt. Senior Vice-Commander, Col. Redfleld Proctor, U. S. V., Proctor, Vt. Junior Vice-Commander, Rear Admiral Charles E. Clark, U. S. N. Recorder, Brevet Captain Henry O. Wheeler, U. S. V., Burlington, Vt. Registrar, First Lieutenant Carlos D. -
SHILOH Teachers Packet
Shiloh: A Place of Peace to a Bloody Battlefield Shiloh National Military Park Prepared by: Todd Harrison, Teacher Ranger Teacher 2010 Hardin County Middle School, Savannah, TN Table of Contents Overview…………………………………...........................................……….....….1 Shiloh Indian Mounds……………….....................................................................…2 Shiloh Indian Mounds Worksheet………………………...........................................4 Shiloh Indian Mounds Worksheet Key……………...................................................6 Mound Builder History and Culture Lesson Plan…...............................................…8 The Battle of Shiloh…………………………………..............................................19 Why Fight at Shiloh Lesson Plan……………………..............................................21 Important Civil War People………………………………………...........................27 Important Civil War People Worksheet…………….................................................29 Important Civil War People Worksheet Key……………..................................…...31 Civil War Places and Terms…………………………...............................................33 Civil War Places and Terms Worksheet…………………….....................................35 Civil War Places and Terms Worksheet Key……………….....................................37 Famous People at Shiloh Lesson Plan…………………..........................................39 A Day in the Life of a Civil War Soldier…… ….....................................................44 Common Soldier Activity……………………………….........................................46 -
1931 Annual Report
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30 1931 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON 1931 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington. D.C. - - - Price 25 cents (paper cover) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION CHARLES W. HUNT, Chairman. WILLIAM E HUMPHREY. CHARLES H. MARCH. EDGAR A. McCulloch. GARLAND S. FERGUSON, Jr. OTIS B. JOHNSON, Secretary. FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSIONER--1915-1931 Name State from which appointed Period of service Joseph E Davies Wisconsin Mar. 16, 1915-Mar. 18, 1918. William J. Harris Georgia Mar. 16, 1915-May 31, 1918. Edward N. Hurley Illinois Mar.16, 1915-Jan. 31, 1917. Will H. Parry Washington Mar.16, 1915-Apr. 21, 1917. George Rublee New Hampshire Mar.16, 1915-May 14, 1916. William B. Colver Minnesota Mar.16, 1917-Sept. 25, 1920. John Franklin Fort New Jersey Mar.16, 1917-Nov. 30, 1919. Victor Murdock Kansas Sept. 4, 1917-Jan. 31, 1924. Huston Thompson Colorado Jan.17, 1919-Sept. 25, 1926. Nelson B. Gaskill New Jersey Feb. 1, 1920-Feb. 24, 1925. John Garland Pollard Virginia Mar. 6, 1925-Sept. 25,1921. John F. Nugent Idaho Jan.15, 1921-Sept. 25, 1927 Vernon W. Van Fleet Indiana June 26, 1922-July 31, 1926. C. W. Hunt Iowa June 16, 1924. William E Humphrey Washington Feb.25, 1925. Abram F. Myers Iowa Aug. 2, 1926-Jan. 15, 1929. Edgar A. McCulloch Arkansas Feb.11, 1927. G. S. Ferguson, Jr North Carolina Nov.14, 1927. Charles H. March Minnesota Feb. 1, 1929. GENERAL OFFICES OF THE COMMISSION 1800 Virginia Avenue, NW., Washington BRANCH OFFICES 608 South Dearborn Street 45 Broadway Chicago New York 544 Market Street 431 Lyon Building San Francisco Seattle II CONTENTS PART I.