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Unpaid Work and the Economy Unpaid Work and the Economy The unpaid domestic sector is surprisingly understudied in economics. In order to fully understand the functioning of the economic system, unpaid and voluntary work in the process of social reproduction needs to be taken into account and afforded the same analytical visibility as paid activities. This book constitutes a rigorous economic analysis. Using a gender perspective to analyse standards of living and well-being it covers, in a very innovative approach, unpaid work and its major ramifications for the modern economy. The unified vision that is offered by the leading array of contributors makes for a work of excellent quality. There is every chance that this book will become a seminal study on unpaid work and as such will provide a useful reference for students and academics involved in gender studies, well- being, the labour market, public policy, econometrics, and consumption studies. Antonella Picchio is Professor at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. Routledge frontiers of political economy 1 Equilibrium Versus Understanding Towards the rehumanization of economics within social theory Mark Addleson 2 Evolution, Order and Complexity Edited by Elias L. Khalil and Kenneth E. Boulding 3 Interactions in Political Economy Malvern after ten years Edited by Steven Pressman 4 The End of Economics Michael Perelman 5 Probability in Economics Omar F. Hamouda and Robin Rowley 6 Capital Controversy, Post Keynesian Economics and the History of Economics Essays in honour of Geoff Harcourt, volume one Edited by Philip Arestis, Gabriel Palma and Malcolm Sawyer 7 Markets, Unemployment and Economic Policy Essays in honour of Geoff Harcourt, volume two Edited by Philip Arestis, Gabriel Palma and Malcolm Sawyer 8 Social Economy The logic of capitalist development Clark Everling 9 New Keynesian Economics/Post Keynesian Alternatives Edited by Roy J. Rotheim 10 The Representative Agent in Macroeconomics James E. Hartley 11 Borderlands of Economics Essays in honour of Daniel R. Fusfeld Edited by Nahid Aslanbeigui and Young Back Choi 12 Value, Distribution and Capital Essays in honour of Pierangelo Garegnani Edited by Gary Mongiovi and Fabio Petri 13 The Economics of Science Methodology and epistemology as if economics really mattered James R. 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Park and Geoff Harcourt 38 Money, Macroeconomics and Keynes Essays in honour of Victoria Chick, volume one Philip Arestis, Meghnad Desai and Sheila Dow 39 Methodology, Microeconomics and Keynes Essays in honour of Victoria Chick, volume two Philip Arestis, Meghnad Desai and Sheila Dow 40 Market Drive and Governance Reexamining the rules for economic and commercial contest Ralf Boscheck 41 The Value of Marx Political economy for contemporary capitalism Alfredo Saad-Filho 42 Issues in Positive Political Economy S. Mansoob Murshed 43 The Enigma of Globalisation A journey to a new stage of capitalism Robert Went 44 The Market Equilibrium, stability, mythology S.N. Afriat 45 The Political Economy of Rule Evasion and Policy Reform Jim Leitzel 46 Unpaid Work and the Economy Edited by Antonella Picchio Unpaid Work and the Economy A gender analysis of the standards of living Edited by Antonella Picchio I~ ~~o~;~;n~~;up LONDON AND NEW YORK An earlier version of Chapter 1 appeared as ‘Un enfoque macro- economico ampliado de las condiciones de vida’ in Cristina Carrasco (ed.), Tiempos, Trabajos y Género, Universidad de Barcelona. An earlier version of Chapter 7 appeared as ‘A nest or a golden cage: family co- residence, human capital investment and labour market decisions of young adults’ in International Journal of Manpower, 21, 3 (July 2000). An earlier version of Chapter 8 appeared as ‘Gender in the Italian welfare state reforms’ in Southern European Policy and Society (1999). First published 2003 by Routledge Published 2017 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 2003 Antonella Picchio; individual chapters © the individual contributors Typeset in Garamond by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear The Open Access version of this book, available at www.tandfebooks.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Picchio, Antonella. Unpaid work and the economy : a gender analysis of the standards of living / Antonella Picchio. p. cm. – (Routledge frontiers of political economy; 46) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Wages–Women–Italy. 2. Wages–Women. 3. Wages–Housewives–Italy. 4. Voluntarism–Economic aspects. 5. Women–Social conditions. I. Title. II. Series. HD6061.2.I8 P53 2003 339.4'7'0820945–dc21 2002036975 ISBN 978-0-415-29694-6 (hbk) Contents List of illustrations ix List of contributors xiii Introduction 1 ANTONELLA PICCHIO 1 A macroeconomic approach to an extended standard of living 11 ANTONELLA PICCHIO 2 Unpaid work by gender in Italy 29 TINDARA ADDABBO 3 Extended income estimation and income inequality by gender 59 TINDARA ADDABBO AND ANTONELLA CAIUMI 4 Unpaid work and household living standards: equivalence scale estimation and intra-family distribution of resources 103 ANTONELLA CAIUMI 5 Unpaid work and household well-being: a non-monetary assessment 122 ENRICA CHIAPPERO-MARTINETTI 6 ‘Convenience consumption’ and unpaid labour time: paradoxes or norms? 157 GIULIANA CAMPANELLI viii Contents 7 Young people living with their parents: the gender impact of co-residence on labour supply and unpaid work 171 GIANNA CLAUDIA GIANNELLI AND CHIARA MONFARDINI 8 Unpaid and paid caring work in the reform of welfare states 189 ELISABETTA ADDIS 9 The gender impact of workfare policies in Italy and the effect of unpaid work 224 TINDARA ADDABBO AND MASSIMO BALDINI Index 249 Illustrations Figures 1.1 Co-operative flow 15 1.2 Extended living – standard flow 15 1.3 Social wealth flow 16 2.1 Allocation of time by gender on weekdays for different household types and with children 35 2.2 Allocation of time by gender on weekdays for different household types and without children 36 2.3 Allocation of time by gender for different household types and with children on Saturdays 37 2.4 Allocation of time by gender for different household types and without children on Saturdays 38 2.5 Allocation of time by gender for different household types and with children on Sundays 39 2.6 Allocation of time by gender for different household types and without children on Sundays 40 2.7 Allocation of time by level of education and for women aged between 18 to 35 with children on weekdays 42 3.1 Extended standard of living 70 3.2 Distribution of total working time and of extended income by gender 73 3E.1 Allocation of time by gender – industrialised countries 98 3E.2 Allocation of time by gender – Italy 98 3F.1 Decile composition by employment condition of money income (a) and extended income evaluated at the opportunity cost (b) 99 4.1 Non-parametric Engel curves on monetary consumption 109 4.2 Non-parametric Engel curves on extended consumption 109 5.1 From resources to individual well-being in the capability approach 124 5.2 Household production process, individual well-being
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