Canadian Light Source: Present and Future

www.lightsource.ca 2008 June CLS Project

• CLS Project approved on 1999 March 31 – 140.9 M $C to construct: • 2.9 GeV booster and third-generation storage ring • at least six beamlines – Only 22 staff at the start of the project, including: • 2 accelerator physicists • 1 mechanical engineer • 1 electrical engineer • 4-person group for IT, controls, diagnostics • 2ii2 scientists • Challenge: – Complete facility in ~ five years – Increase technical staff to more than 130 – Build organization for operations and future R & D

www.lightsource.ca Initial Capital Funding – $140.9M

City ofof Alberta UofS Saskatoon, Ontario 7% 4% Sask Power, 7% Boehringer Sask Ingelheim, UofA, UWO 18% 4%

NRC/NRCan 6% CFI 40% Canada

Western Diversification 16% www.lightsource.ca Facility Layout

www.lightsource.ca CLS Machine Functions

45 BETAX (m)(m) 40 BETAY (m) 35 ETA X ( c m) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 051015 O HT T LIG NS RON TIO ROT STA NCH TAL SY MEN ERI EmetresXP

RON ECT EL M BEA PLAN VIEW (1 of 12 CELLS)

00.51 meter

SCALE

www.lightsource.ca Highlights / Firsts

• 2001 Main experimental hall building is ready for occupancy. • 2002 Start of commissioning the booster ring – 2.9 GeV electrons produced are the highest energy achieved by any Canadian particle accelerator • 2003 Start of commissioning the main storage ring – First syygnchrotron light detected in the O pgptical Diagnostics Beamline • 2004: First x-rays detected on a Beamline – Commissioning of the storage ring is completed – First experimental data recorded on the SGM beamline – Official grand opening • 2005: First external synchrotron user!! • 2006: First publications based on CLS data.

www.lightsource.ca First Light – 2003 December 10

www.lightsource.ca Commissioning Experience! – March 2007

www.lightsource.ca Synchrotron Light Source Facilities

Facility Year Commissioned Energy Circumference Emttance Current ESRF (EU) 1994 6 844 3.8 200 / 300 APS (US) 1995 7 1060 353.5 100 PLS (KO) 1995 2.5 281 12 180 SPRING-8 (JP) 1997 8 1436 5.6 100 BESSY-II (DE) 1998 191.9 240 525.2 270 SLS (CH) 2001 2.4 240 5 400 CLS (CA) 2004 2.9 171 18 250 / 500 SPEAR-3 (US) ↑ 2004 3 240 18 500 SOLEIL (FR) 2006 2.75 354 3.1 500 ASP (AU) 2006 3 216 8.6 200 DIAMOND (UK) 2006 3 562 2.7 300 / 500 SSRF (CN) 2007 3 432 2.9 200 / 300 ALBA (()ES) 2009 3 269 4.3 400 PETRA-III (DE) ↑ 2009 6 2304 1.0 100 / 200 TPS (TW) 2012 3 516 2.5 500 MAX-IV (SE) 2012 ? 3 ~270 ~1. 0 ~500 NSLS – II (US) 2014 ? 3 ~780 <1.0 500 www.lightsource.ca Storage Ring Performance

Achieved Design Goals (2008-05-31) Start First 2 years Long-term (2003) (2004 – 2005) (> 2008)

Horizontal Emittance (nm⋅rad) 15 ≤ 30 ≤ 20 ≤ 18*

Energy (GeV) 1.5, 2.9 2.9 2.9 ≤ 2.9

X-Y Coupling <0.1% to 0.3% <10% <1% < 0.2%

Tunes(x/y)Tunes ( x / y ) (10.22 / 3.26) (10.22 / 3.26) (10.22 / 3.26) (10.22 / 3.26) Alternate operating points: (10.22 / 4.26) 9 (10.22 / 4.26 ) (10.22 / 4.26 ) (11.22 / 3.26) * RMS orbit stability ( x / y ) (μm) 0.5 / 0.3 50 / 10 40 / 3 30 / 1*

RMS orbit position ( x / y ) (μm) 10 / 5 40 / 80 40 / 80 20 / 40

Maximum current (mA) 320 100 200 500 (?)

Lifetime @ 100 mA (hours) 29 > 4 > 6 > 10 / Top-up*

Time Structure 210 Multi-bunch Multi-bunch Multi-bunch or ~1 single bunch*

www.lightsource.ca Annual Operating Hours

CLS Operation: Annual Totals

4500

4000

3500

3000

Year 2500

2000

Hours per per Hours 1500

1000

500

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Stored B eam - U sers IjInjecti on AltDlAccelerator Development

www.lightsource.ca Annual Integrated Stored Current

Annual Integrated Stored Current

900

800

700

600 rs uu 500

400 mpere-Ho

AA 300

200

100

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year

www.lightsource.ca Recent Operating Reliability

Ring Reliability: Reliability: 2007 2007 (Run (Run 36 36- 38) -, 38) and and 2008 2008 (Run (Run 39 +) 39 +)

90

80

70

60 hout Trips hout (Hours) ps tt ii

50

40 ser Shifts wi Shifts ser e Between Tr Between e UU 30

20 Percent Percent Mean Tim Mean 10

0 Run 36 Run 37 Run 38 Run 39 Run 40 Run 41 Run42

User Shifts Shifts with with no no Trips Trips Mean time time between between Trips Trips (Hours) (Hours)

www.lightsource.ca Future Accelerator Developments

• Improvements to beam availability – Rep lacemen t o f LHe trans fer line, an d re loca tion o f cryop lan t – Replacement of old linac components • Three sections • New modulators • New low-level rf • Improvements to beam stability – Imppglementation of fast global orbit feedback – Implementation of transverse feedback system •Top-uppp operation • Installation of second rf system for up to 500 mA

www.lightsource.ca CLS Beamlines

www.lightsource.ca Insertion Devices: Chicaned Undulators

www.lightsource.ca Phase II (2005 – 2008)

•5 CFI approved pro jects (7 more beamlines ) – $48.9 million – Includes partial building expansion

www.lightsource.ca Phase III (2008 – 2012)

• 3 CFI approved projects (6 more beamlines) – $64.6 million • Building expansion – Additional $32 million (est.) www.lightsource.ca The End

www.lightsource.ca