DOCSLIB.ORG

Rocky Reef Fish Connectivity: Patterns, Processes and Population Dynamics

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rocky Reef Fish Connectivity: Patterns, Processes and Population Dynamics UC San Diego Research Theses and Dissertations Title Rocky Reef Fish Connectivity: Patterns, Processes and Population Dynamics Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mx9x32j Author Cook, Geoffrey S. Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Rocky Reef Fish Connectivity: Patterns, Processes, and Population Dynamics A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanography by Geoffrey Scott Cook Committee in Charge: Lisa A. Levin, Chair David M. Checkley Paul K. Dayton Robert T. Guza David A. Holway P. Ed Parnell 2011 UMI Number: 3444217 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3444217 Copyright 2011 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 Copyright Geoffrey Scott Cook, 2011 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Geoffrey Scott Cook is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: _____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2011 iii DEDICATION To Mom and Dad. Thanks for everything. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ............................................................................................................... iii Dedication ..................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... v List of Figures ............................................................................................................... vii List of Tables ................................................................................................................. xi Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................ xii Vita and Publications .................................................................................................... xvi Abstract of the Dissertation ........................................................................................... xvii Chapter I. Introduction .................................................................................................. 1 San Diego County Marine Protected Areas ............................................................ 4 Otolith Trace Elemental Chemistry ....................................................................... 6 Thesis Overview ..................................................................................................... 7 Literature Cited ....................................................................................................... 8 Appendices ............................................................................................................. 13 Chapter II. Influence of protected status and habitat structure on the distribution and abundance of a temperate rocky reef damselfish, Hypsypops rubicundus ............ 18 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 18 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 19 Methods .................................................................................................................. 23 Results..................................................................................................................... 29 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 35 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 41 Literature Cited ....................................................................................................... 42 Table ....................................................................................................................... 46 Figures .................................................................................................................... 48 Chapter III. Changes in otolith microchemistry over a protracted spawning season influence assignment of natal origin ....................................................................................... 53 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 53 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 54 Methods .................................................................................................................. 58 Results..................................................................................................................... 67 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 75 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 78 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 80 v Literature Cited ....................................................................................................... 81 Table ....................................................................................................................... 84 Figures .................................................................................................................... 87 Appendix................................................................................................................. 92 Chapter IV. High-frequency shifts in connectivity patterns within an open-coast marine protected area network: is the whole greater than the sum of its parts? ................ 93 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 93 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 94 Methods .................................................................................................................. 98 Results..................................................................................................................... 106 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 111 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 115 Literature Cited ....................................................................................................... 117 Table ....................................................................................................................... 120 Figures .................................................................................................................... 123 Appendices ............................................................................................................. 130 Chapter V. Demographic connectivity deconstructed: an exploration of the demographic consequences of larval dispersal ............................................................................ 144 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 144 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 145 Methods .................................................................................................................. 148 Results..................................................................................................................... 157 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 160 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 167 Literature Cited ....................................................................................................... 167 Tables ...................................................................................................................... 171 Figures .................................................................................................................... 176 Appendices ............................................................................................................. 180 Chapter VI. Quantifying connectivity in marine metapopulations................................ 183 Abstract
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Initial Indicators Of
    CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Initial indicators of MPA success and factors that contribute to MPA efficacy A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science in Biology By Erin M. Jaco December 2018 The thesis of Erin M. Jaco is approved: _________________________________________ __________________ Dr. Robert Carpenter Date _________________________________________ __________________ Dr. Larry Allen Date _________________________________________ __________________ Dr. Mark Steele, Chair Date ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Mark Steele. Mark helped me in so many ways throughout the development and execution of my thesis research. By some how keeping me sane when I started getting lost down data and calculus rabbit holes, reminding me to keep the big picture in perspective, correcting my stacked modifiers, and trusting an Oregon driver to trailer his boat through Los Angeles traffic, Mark shaped me to be a better writer and scientist. I want to thank him for his mentorship and friendship. I would also like to thank the other two members of my thesis committee: Dr. Larry Allen and Dr. Robert Carpenter. Both Larry and Bob had invaluable insight into the development of my project. I really appreciate all of the comments and revisions that they contributed to my thesis. A huge thanks to everyone who helped with my field work: James French, Sigfrido Zimmermann, Lindsey Stockton, Hannah Nelson, Melissa Kurman, Juan Enciso, Zoë Scott, Dan Sternberg, Russell Dauksis, Kathryn Scafidi, George Jarvis, Erika Nava, Griffin Srednick, Alexis Estrada, Dorothy Horn, and Ashtyn Isaak. I cannot express how grateful I am to these positive and hardworking people who, paid only in kettle chips and gummy worms, put up with hours of tank hauling, early mornings, L.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Online Material For
    www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/science.1194442/DC1 Supporting Online Material for The Impact of Conservation on the Status of the World’s Vertebrates Michael Hoffmann,* Craig Hilton-Taylor, Ariadne Angulo, Monika Böhm, Thomas M. Brooks, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Kent E. Carpenter, Janice Chanson, Ben Collen, Neil A. Cox, William R. T. Darwall, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Lucy R. Harrison, Vineet Katariya, Caroline M. Pollock, Suhel Quader, Nadia I. Richman, Ana S. L. Rodrigues, Marcelo F. Tognelli, Jean-Christophe Vié, John M. Aguiar, David J. Allen, Gerald R. Allen, Giovanni Amori, Natalia B. Ananjeva, Franco Andreone, Paul Andrew, Aida Luz Aquino Ortiz, Jonathan E. M. Baillie, Ricardo Baldi, Ben D. Bell, S. D. Biju, Jeremy P. Bird, Patricia Black-Decima, J. Julian Blanc, Federico Bolaños, Wilmar Bolivar-G., Ian J. Burfield, James A. Burton, David R. Capper, Fernando Castro, Gianluca Catullo, Rachel D. Cavanagh, Alan Channing, Ning Labbish Chao, Anna M. Chenery, Federica Chiozza, Viola Clausnitzer, Nigel J. Collar, Leah C. Collett, Bruce B. Collette, Claudia F. Cortez Fernandez, Matthew T. Craig, Michael J. Crosby, Neil Cumberlidge, Annabelle Cuttelod, Andrew E. Derocher, Arvin C. Diesmos, John S. Donaldson, J. W. Duckworth, Guy Dutson, S. K. Dutta, Richard H. Emslie, Aljos Farjon, Sarah Fowler, Jörg Freyhof, David L. Garshelis, Justin Gerlach, David J. Gower, Tandora D. Grant, Geoffrey A. Hammerson, Richard B. Harris, Lawrence R. Heaney, S. Blair Hedges, Jean- Marc Hero, Baz Hughes, Syed Ainul Hussain, Javier Icochea M., Robert F. Inger, Nobuo Ishii, Djoko T. Iskandar, Richard K. B. Jenkins, Yoshio Kaneko, Maurice Kottelat, Kit M. Kovacs, Sergius L.
    [Show full text]
  • Isopods (Isopoda: Aegidae, Cymothoidae, Gnathiidae) Associated with Venezuelan Marine Fishes (Elasmobranchii, Actinopterygii)
    Isopods (Isopoda: Aegidae, Cymothoidae, Gnathiidae) associated with Venezuelan marine fishes (Elasmobranchii, Actinopterygii) Lucy Bunkley-Williams,1 Ernest H. Williams, Jr.2 & Abul K.M. Bashirullah3 1 Caribbean Aquatic Animal Health Project, Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 9012, Mayagüez, PR 00861, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 908, Lajas, Puerto Rico 00667, USA; ewil- [email protected] 3 Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná, Venezuela. Author for Correspondence: LBW, address as above. Telephone: 1 (787) 832-4040 x 3900 or 265-3837 (Administrative Office), x 3936, 3937 (Research Labs), x 3929 (Office); Fax: 1-787-834-3673; [email protected] Received 01-VI-2006. Corrected 02-X-2006. Accepted 13-X-2006. Abstract: The parasitic isopod fauna of fishes in the southern Caribbean is poorly known. In examinations of 12 639 specimens of 187 species of Venezuelan fishes, the authors found 10 species in three families of isopods (Gnathiids, Gnathia spp. from Diplectrum radiale*, Heteropriacanthus cruentatus*, Orthopristis ruber* and Trachinotus carolinus*; two aegids, Rocinela signata from Dasyatis guttata*, H. cruentatus*, Haemulon auro- lineatum*, H. steindachneri* and O. ruber; and Rocinela sp. from Epinephelus flavolimbatus*; five cymothoids: Anilocra haemuli from Haemulon boschmae*, H. flavolineatum* and H. steindachneri*; Anilocra cf haemuli from Heteropriacanthus cruentatus*; Haemulon bonariense*, O. ruber*, Cymothoa excisa in H. cruentatus*; Cymothoa oestrum in Chloroscombrus chrysurus, H. cruentatus* and Priacanthus arenatus; Cymothoa sp. in O. ruber; Livoneca sp. from H. cruentatus*; and Nerocila fluviatilis from H. cruentatus* and P. arenatus*). The Rocinela sp. and A.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylum: Chordata
    Phylum: Chordata All animals in the phylum Chordata possess four anatomical features at some point in their lifecycle. Those features include: • Notochord • Muscle attachment • Hollow dorsal nerve cord • Nerve signal transmission • Pharyngeal slits • Various functions • Post-anal tail • Movement Three Chordata subphyla: • Urochordata • Cephalochordata • Vertebrata 1 Subphylum: Urochordata The tunicates or sea squirts contain only the pharyngeal slits as an adult. They are usually sessile and use the pharynx for filter feeding. They are considered to be the closest relative to vertebrates. 2 Subphylum: Cephalochordata The lancelets contain all four chordate characteristics as an adult. They are usually found buried in the sand off our coast. 3 Subphylum: Vertebrata The vertebrates are animals with backbones and internal skeletons of made of cartilage or bone. They contain all four chordate characteristics as an adult with some modifications. They are free-living animals that diverged from other chordates approximately 500 mya (Cambrian). 4 What is a Fish? “Fish” are aquatic chordates with appendages developed as fins (when present), whose chief respiratory organ are gills and whose body is usually covered in scales. More than 27,900 fish species have been described, which is more than the number of birds, reptiles and mammals combined. There are the four major living groups of fish: Jawless fish Cartilaginous Fish Lobe-finned Fish Ray-finned Fish 5 Fish Scales Anterior Placoid Although most fishes have scales, the major groups of fish very in the types of scales the possess. Jawless fish lack scales, Ganoid cartilaginous fish have placoid scales, lobe-finned fish have ganoid scales and ray-finned fish have ctenoid and cycloid Ctenoid scales.
    [Show full text]
  • Kelp Forests a SEAWORLD EDUCATION DEPARTMENT PUBLICATION
    Kelp Forests A SEAWORLD EDUCATION DEPARTMENT PUBLICATION CONTENTS What is a Kelp Forest? What is Kelp? Kelp Forest Characteristics Kelp Forest Invertebrates Kelp Forest Vertebrates Human Impact & Conservation Vocabulary Bibliography ©2008 SeaWorld, Inc. 1 KELP FORESTS WHAT IS A KELP FOREST? Along the west coast of North America, groves of giant kelp shelter and conceal a variety of marine life. Giant kelp is a foundation species or a species vital to the survival of the flora (plants) and fauna (animals) sharing its ecosystem. In other temperate and subtemperate coastal regions, aquatic forests composed of giant kelp or other large kelp species perform a similar role. <BACK WHAT IS KELP? A. Kelp are large species of marine algae (seaweeds). • Unlike land plants, marine algae lack true roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. • Most possess a holdfast (a rootlike structure), blades (leaflike structures), and many have a stipe or stemlike structure that connects the holdfast to the blade. • The weight of algae is supported by water. • Some marine algae also have gas-filled bladders, called pneumatocysts that float the blades close to the water's surface to maximize access to sunlight for photosynthesis. • Marine algae can range in size from microscopic to more than 30 m (98 ft.) tall for giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera). • The three phyla of marine algae are primarily characterized by the dominant pigment coloring the plants. • Kelp are large brown algae species (Phylum Phaeophyta) in the Order Laminariales. 1. Brown algae (Phylum Phaeophyta) The color of brown algae results from the dominance of the yellowish xanthophyll pigment, fucoxanthin, over the Chlorophyll a and c and other pigments.
    [Show full text]
  • TESIS Doctor En Ciencias
    Programa de Estudios de Posgrado ECOMORFOLOGÍA Y EVOLUCIÓN DE LA FAMILIA POMACENTRIDAE (LABROIDEI: PERCIFORMES) EN EL PACÍFICO ORIENTAL TESIS Que para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Uso, Manejo y Preservación de los Recursos Naturales ( Orientación Biología Marina ) P r e s e n t a Rosalía Aguilar Medrano La Paz, Baja California Sur, Enero de 2012 Comité tutorial Dr. Eduardo F. Balart Páez (CIBNOR), Director de Tesis Dr. Héctor Reyes Bonilla (UABCS), Cotutor Dr. Efraín de Luna (INECOL), Cotutor Dr. Philip Hastings (SCRIPPS), Cotutor Dr. Lloyd Talbott Findley (CIAD-Unidad Guaymas), Cotutor Comité revisor de tesis Dr. Eduardo F. Balart Páez Dr. Héctor Reyes Bonilla Dr. Efraín de Luna Dr. Philip Hastings Dr. Lloyd Talbott Findley Jurado del examen de grado Dr. Eduardo Francisco Balart Páez Dr. Héctor Reyes Bonilla Dr. Efraín de Luna Dr. Alejandro M. Maeda Martínez (CIBNOR), Suplente Dr. Francisco J. García Rodríguez (CICIMAR), Suplente Dra. Carmen Blázquez Moreno (CIBNOR), Suplente RESUMEN El análisis de la radiación adaptativa es útil para el entendimiento del proceso de formación de especies. La extraordinaria diversidad biológica producto de este fenómeno, envuelve múltiples eventos cladogénicos que al ser comparados entre especies emparentadas permite identificar los factores comunes que influenciaron el proceso de especiación. Un modelo adecuado para este tipo de estudio lo ofrece la familia Pomacentridae, ya que muestran una diversidad extraordinaria de preferencia de hábitat, alimentación y comportamiento. La familia Pomacentridae es un grupo de peces marinos que se encuentra en aguas tropicales y templadas, donde son abundantes en los arrecifes rocosos y de coral. Agrupa 29 géneros, de los cuales se han reportado 24 especies endémicas para el Pacífico Oriental.
    [Show full text]
  • Red List of Marine Bony Fishes of the Eastern Central Atlantic
    The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species The IUCNRedListof Akanbi Williams and DeMorais,Jean-ChristopheVié Tito EmilieStump,MorSylla,Luis Aboubacar Sidibe,WilliamSmith-Vaniz, Sayer, Catherine Sagna, Alphonse Russell, Barry Quartey, Richmond Poss, Stuart Pollock, Caroline Nunoo, E. K. Francis Beh, Mve Hervé Jean Christi Linardich, Ken Lindeman, Ebou Mass Mbye, Jean Egard Mikolo, Monteiro, Vanda Jean Bernard Mougoussi, Thomas Munroe, Heather Harwell, Craig Andrew Hilton-Taylor, Hines, Alexander P. Hulley, Tomio Iwamoto, Steen Knudsen, Jean De Dieu Lewembe, Antony S. Harold, Comeros-Raynal, Godefroy De Bruyne, Madeleine Diouf, Roger Djiman, Mathieu Ducrocq, Ofer Gon, T. Collette, Mia B. Bruce Cissoko, Kadiatou Camara, Hawa Youssouf Camara, Abdallahi Mohamed Khairdine Buchanan, Jack Nguema, Bi Bibang Noel Beth Polidoro, Gina Ralph, Kyle Strongin, Michael Harvey, Kent Carpenter, Titus Ayo Adeofe, Rachel Arnold, Paul Bannerman, Jean ATLANTIC EASTERN CENTRAL FISHESOFTHE RED LISTOFMARINEBONY TM EASTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC IUCN Rue Mauverney 26 CH 1196 Gland Switzerland Tel: +41 22 999 0000 Fax: + 41 22 999 0015 www.iucn.org/redlist www.iucnredlist.org RED LIST OF MARINE BONY FISHES OF THE EASTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC Beth Polidoro, Gina Ralph, Kyle Strongin, Michael Harvey, Kent Carpenter, Titus Ayo Adeofe, Rachel Arnold, Paul Bannerman, Jean Noel Bibang Bi Nguema, Jack Buchanan, Khairdine Mohamed Abdallahi Camara, Youssouf Hawa Camara, Kadiatou Cissoko, Bruce B. Collette, Mia T. Comeros-Raynal, Godefroy De Bruyne, Madeleine Diouf, Roger Djiman, Mathieu Ducrocq, Ofer Gon, Antony S. Harold, Heather Harwell, Craig Hilton-Taylor, Andrew Hines, P. Alexander Hulley, Tomio Iwamoto, Steen Knudsen, Jean De Dieu Lewembe, Christi Linardich, Ken Lindeman, Ebou Mass Mbye, Jean Egard Mikolo, Vanda Monteiro, Jean Bernard Mougoussi, Thomas Munroe, Jean Hervé Mve Beh, Francis K.
    [Show full text]
  • Cleaning Symbiosis Among California Inshore Fishes'
    CLEANING SYMBIOSIS AMONG CALIFORNIA INSHORE FISHES ' EDMUND S. HOBSON' ABSTRACT Cleaning symbiosis among shor e fi shes was studied during 1968 and 1969 in southern California, with work centered at La J olla. Three species are habitua l cleaners: the seiiorita, Oxyjulis cali/ornica; the sharpnose seaperch, Phanerodon atripes; and the kelp perch, Brachyistius /1·enatus. Because of specific differences in habitat, there is little overlap in the cleaning areas of these three spe­ cies. Except for juvenile sha rpnose sea per ch, cleaning is of secondary significance to these species, even though it may be of major significance to certain individuals. The tendency to clean varies between in­ dividuals. Principal prey of most members of these species are free-living organisms picked from a substrate and from midwater-a mode of feeding that favors adaptations suited to cleaning. Because it is exceedingly abundant in a variety of habitats, the eiiorita is the predominant inshore cleaning fish in Ca lifornia. Certain aspects of its cl eaning relate to the fact that only a few of the many senoritas present at a given time will clean, and that this activity is not centered around well-defined cleaning stations, as has been repor ted for certain cleaning fishes elsewhere. Probably because cleaners are difficult to recognize among the many senoritas that do not clean, other fishes generally do not at­ tempt to initiate cleaning; r a ther , the activity is consistently initiated by the cleaner itself. An infest­ ed fish approached by a cleaner genera lly drifts into an unusual attitude that advertises the temporary existence of the transient cleaning station to other fish in need of service, and these converge on the cleaner.
    [Show full text]