San Francisco Rental Assistance Demonstration Program (RAD) Conversion Nomination Packet Table of Contents
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San Francisco Rental Assistance Demonstration Program (RAD) Conversion Nomination Packet Table of Contents Background ……………………………………………………………………………………………....1 The RAD Conversion’s Key Dates……………………………………………………………………….1 Description of Properties…………………………………………………………………………………2 Amount and Type of Financial Resources ………………………………………………………………2 Program Innovations…………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Breakdown and Characteristics of the Residents……………………………………………..………… 4 Resident Services…………………………………………………………………………………………4 Resident Impacts……………………………………………………………………………………….....5 Goals, Objectives, and Long-range Benefits ………………………………………………..……….…..6 Industry Partners and Their Roles………………………………………………..………………….…...6 Key Implementation Strategies ………………………………………………..……….………………..7 Role of the Community and Elected Officials .………………………………………………..………... 8 Challenges………………………………………………………………………………………............. 9 Financial Appendices Portfolio Sources & Uses by Phase .………………………………………………..……....... 11 Before and After Photographs .………………………………………………………………..…….….15 Map of San Francisco RAD Projects ………………………………………………………..…….…... 17 Press Releases City of San Francisco, November 3 2016, “Mayor’s Office Completes Transfer of Public Housing to Community-Based Management” .…………………………………………………….….... 18 Media Stories “BofA Merrill Lynch, developers and S.F. hatched largest affordable housing deal in history,” SF Business Times, March 25, 2016.…………………………………………………….…........... 23 “SF Tries a New Model for Public Housing,” San Francisco Chronicle, November 5, 2016.. .25 “San Francisco to Turn Much Public Housing Over to Private Owners,” Laura Kusisto, Wall Street Journal, November 3, 2016,.…………………………………………………….….......28 “San Francisco Rehabilitates Public Housing in Largest RAD Deal to Date,” Mark O’Meara, Novogradac Journal of Tax Credits, January 2017. ……………………….………….............30 1 San Francisco’s RAD Portfolio Conversion Background: When the San Francisco Housing Authority (SFHA) was first declared “troubled” by HUD in December 2012, Mayor Edwin Lee kicked of a citywide Public Housing Re-Envisioning Process to identify strengths, challenges, and a path forward for the beleaguered agency. Six months later, over a hundred representatives from 72 different organizations including residents, non-profit service providers, affordable housing developers, local labor unions, and private sector development experts, along with 20 City departments and representatives from United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) had met a total of 18 times to discuss strategies for improving the delivery of services to public housing residents in the face of declining federal funding and a history of local mismanagement. The community support for the Re-Envisioning process set the stage for the RAD transformation and the teamwork it has required. In 2015, as a result of federal underfunding, the San Francisco Housing Authority (SFHA)’s capital repair backlog was over $270 million, with growth projections of over $5 million per year. With only $10 million annually in HUD capital repair funding, it would have taken SFHA 50 years to restore its portfolio to a basic level of decency. At the same time, public housing, which is often the last barrier between severe hardship or homelessness for its residents, was acutely needed to help mitigate the impacts of economic displacement from San Francisco’s white-hot housing market. Doing nothing while the housing decayed further was not an option. Accessing the extraordinary resources necessary to preserve the units was imperative. But San Francisco’s high construction and operating costs made any solution to SFHA’s challenges elusive. Led by Mayor Edwin Lee, the City negotiated a unique, San Francisco-only structure with HUD that allowed maximization of federal Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) program subsidies across 28 projects, utilizing San Francisco’s robust affordable housing development infrastructure. Though the project functioned as one portfolio from HUD’s standpoint, it closed as 28 separate but simultaneous transactions, half of them in November 2015 and half in October 2016. The closings involved 28 partnerships, 28 separate financings and document sets, and 28 building permits. The RAD Conversion’s Key Dates: 2012 – SFHA declared troubled by the U.S. Department of Housing Development Spring 2013 - Mayor Lee convenes “Re-Envisioning” process, a citywide conversation about future of SFHA; begins negotiations with HUD to preserve and protect the units at risk September 2013 – SFHA and MOHCD apply to HUD for RAD portfolio award for 41 projects including 29 public housing properties, six HOPE VI projects, and six phases of HOPE SF public housing revitalization at Hunters View and Alice Griffith January 2014 – HUD makes RAD portfolio award April 2014 – Eight developer teams selected through a competitive RFQ process to develop, own and operate the 28 projects February 2015 – MOHCD and HUD conclude negotiations regarding the financing structure, allowing MOHCD to combine RAD program rents with traditional Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) rents across the portfolio, expanding the amount of supportable property rehabilitation 1 June 2015 – Bank of America Merrill Lynch selected as portfolio construction lender and tax credit investor, with Freddie Mac as permanent lender November 2015 – Phase I (1,422 units in 14 projects) closes; City of SF issues over $362 million in tax exempt bonds; $219,925,334 in rehabilitation commences. October 2016 – Phase II (2,058 units in 14 projects) closes; City of SF issues almost $700 million in tax exempt bonds; $475,083,216 in rehabilitation commences. Description of Properties SFHA’s public housing properties were acquired and built over a 75-year period and reflect broad variations in building type, neighborhood, and age: 951 Eddy, the oldest property, was built in 1900 and acquired by SFHA in the 1970s. Holly Courts, the first public housing built west of the Mississippi River, was constructed by SFHA as public housing in 1942 and is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Ping Yuen and Ping Yuen North were designed and constructed in 1970 specifically to house residents of San Francisco’s Chinatown. They are also eligible for listing on the National Register. Robert B. Pitts, a 203 unit building, was built in 1991. Twelve of the 28 projects were found to have contributory historic value and as a result any façade improvements were reviewed and approved by Preservation Planners at the SF Planning Department. The most typical typology for properties housing senior and disabled residents is the mid-rise tower, often in a “brutalist” concrete style. Average project size in the senior disabled sites is 106 units; with the smallest project containing 42 units (462 Duboce) and the largest containing 276 units (320-330 Clementina). Family projects are typically walk-up townhome or garden apartment styles, and have an average of 182 units. The smallest family project is Holly Courts (118) and the largest is Prior to RAD conversion, the SFHA properties were in fair to poor shape. Years of deferred maintenance due to inadequate funding from HUD affected building wide systems and many properties were operating with their original plumbing, sewer, electrical, mechanical and seismic systems. Unit and common area finishes needed replacement and upgrade. The number of units accessible to people with disabilities (physical, sight and hearing) was inadequate to meet the legal requirements and to meet the needs of a population that was aging in place. Given the tremendous need – originally estimated by SFHA over its entire portfolio at $270 million but later discovered to be over $1 billion – a triage approach was developed for the RAD properties that would ensure that basic and urgent needs could all be addressed at all sites, and that other owner upgrades would be completed in an equitable manner. The triage approach incorporated the following priorities in order: 1) Life safety issues: seismic deficiencies, pervasive mold and mildew often caused by dry rot or inadequate ventilation, sewer upgrades, unsafe elevators, outdated or malfunctioning fire alarm systems, fire damaged units, missing sprinkler systems; accessibility upgrades (the number of ADA units was increased at every property to meet (and in some cases exceed) the City of San Francisco’s more stringent requirements) 2) Building envelope needs: roofing, waterproofing to address water intrusion, new windows to address water intrusion and meet requirements for energy upgrades 2 3) Common areas. Many sites lacked adequate property management, social services, and community building space. RAD conversion provided an opportunity to provide these spaces in response to tenant needs. 4) Unit upgrades. Countertops, cabinets, flooring and appliances were replaced where items had met the end of their useful life and/or posed quality of life issues for residents. The average amount of rehabilitation per RAD unit, across phases and building types, is $199,000. Construction contracts ranged in size from $7 million to $79 million. Amount and Type of Financing Resources: SAN FRANCISCO RAD CONVERSION Permanent Sources of Funds SFHA Seller Permanent TOTAL Tax Exempt Total Carryback SFHA Perm Tax-Exempt Accrued DDF/GP Tax Credit PERMANENT Construction Total by Phase Units MOHCD Loan Loan Loan Debt Interest Capital Equity SOURCES Debt PHASE I 1422 39,002,592 245,064,676 22,900,000 83,038,000