Going shopping
Lake district: Going shopping
Imagen de Mike Beales en Flickr bajo licencia CC
This is Peter, Tom's friend. He is in Manchester on business. He's staying at Tom's place because they are close friends from childhood and back then they were always together. But when they finished their secondary studies, they chose different careers: Tom decided to study to become a biologist and Peter opted for a career in business so he studied Marketing and Administration. That's the main reason why Peter is in Manchester now but this is not the topic to be studied in this lesson. You will learn more about this in lesson 4. In this lesson, Peter asks Tom for help and advice because he needs to buy gifts for all his family. Tom takes him to a shopping centre in Manchester, Manchester Arndale Mall, with over 240 shops, in which Tom is sure his friend is going to find the best present for each member of his family. But first of all, before choosing the place where to buy things, they have compared different kinds of shops and shopping centres. Imagen de reynermedia en Flickr bajo licencia CC Let's go through this lesson to learn more about shopping in general and, particularly, what they have done and how they have come to an agreement.
Talk about shopping: Do you like shopping? Why/why not? Do you prefer shopping by yourself or with somebody? How often do you go shopping? What’s your favourite place to shop? Why? What was the last thing you bought for someone else? Why did you buy it? What was the last thing you bought for yourself? Where did you buy it? Do you compare prices at different stores when you go shopping? How important is customer service when you are shopping?
Imagen de Richard Tanton en Flickr bajo licencia CC
Para saber más
BBC Consumer is a website where you can get practical tips on saving money, consumer rights, shopping, debt and more.
Reflexión
Can you guess the meaning of this post-its on the wall in Manchester?
Imagen de Alan Stanton en Flickr bajo licencia CC
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1. Fashion & Design
Imagen de Fervent adepte de la Imagen de Christian Leitner en Imagen de Eva Rinaldi en Flickr Imagen de Jason Hargrove en mode en Flickr bajo licencia CC Flickr bajo licencia CC bajo licencia CC Flickr bajo licencia CC
How many words that designate clothes do you remember?
Watch this video to learn some vocabulary about fashion.
Actividad desplegable Match the words with their definitions. Write the correct letter for each word. The first one has been done as an example.
1. Fashionable C A. It is all about wearing the clothes that walk out on the runway and are casual enough to wear on the street. 2. Fashionista B. A person or thing that establishes a new trend or fashion. 3. Trendsetter C. Wearing clothing that is popular now.
4. Highstreet fashion D. One who designs, models, or markets high-fashion clothing or who is an ardent follower or consumer of the latest clothing fashions. 5. Thrift shop E. Someone who is Glamourous without being trampy, always grabs attention with their style, they are sophisticated, intelligent, and gorgeous. 6. Stylish F. What everyone else is wearing right now; a new, popular style. 7. Chic G. A place where goods can be donated to be refurbished and sold. Usually benefits a non-profit organization. Saves landfill space, efficient, and overall benefits the community. 8. In H. Traditional, always fashionable/stylish, popular for a long time. 9. Trendy I. Someone who has a bold sense of fashion, like a queen with flowing robes and gowns, or your friend who always wears the best-looking jeans. 10. Vintage J. Something which is currently in fashion or trend. 11. Classic K. Old, but high quality and valuable; the item of clothing may have been worn before by someone else.
Comprobar respuesta Now, watch the following video and learn the verbs in there.
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Fill in the blanks with the suitable words while watching the video about Emma Watson and her eco- friendly clothes. Click on the title of the text to watch the video.
Emma Watson Launches Her Own Line of Eco-friendly Clothes With People Tree London-based ‘People Tree’ has collaborated with Emma Watson to create a of clothes. Well, the line has officially and already some of the are ! Most products in the line named ‘Love from Emma’ are made with certified cotton and kudos to People Tree for establishing such a positive with the very popular, socially responsible, eco- , Harry Potter film star. People Tree offers other organic for kids, teens and adults, and their sense of is admirable: “The people we work with have some of the smallest environmental in the world. They live and work in communities without most essentials of modern life – including electricity. They buy few , eat locally produced food and use hand production methods to earn their living.” They go on to describe their simple earth-friendly policy: Imagen de ursulakm en Flickr bajo People Tree Eco Policy is: licencia CC To promote natural and organic farming To avoid substances To protect water To use substances where possible To materials where possible According to our friends at ecorazzi, The People Tree line called ‘Love from Emma’ includes by Emma Watson while she was filming Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. In a new celebrating the launch, Emma wrote about how she juggled the demanding filming schedule for Harry Potter 7 with her People Tree project: “I often worked late at night, fitting in meetings between filming Harry Potter 7,” she writes. “In between takes, I sketched and painted. came from all sorts of places. Whether I was brainstorming with Tafari, my friend and appointed Menswear or rummaging through Sophie my flatmate’s wardrobe, I couldn’t have done it without enthusiasm of the peers around me for my project. It shocks me that, even today, only one percent (1%) of the cotton produced in the world is fair trade and organic,” she added. Imagen de Jason Hargrove en Flickr bajo It’s refreshing when celebrities use their to inspire change. licencia CC Especially, young stars (she’s 19) who can impact future generations like Emma Watson. She’s got something for guys and girls in her line and you can check out at People Tree. Let’s hope today’s teen chooses to with their wardrobe by taking a page out of the ‘Love from Emma’ catalogue of hand-made eco-friendly clothes.
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apbgpcLCjjw
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Actividad de lectura Watch the following video about an Indian designer who creates DIY recycled fashion from the thrifted clothing.
After watching the documentary, answer the following questions. 1. What does Aywira boutique feature? 2. Why is Claudia Pérez a regular shopper? 3. How many years has she been collecting material? 4. Who is Marcia Devil? 5. What kind of products does she make?
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Did you know what « DIY » means ?
Do it yourself, often referred to by the acronym DIY, is a term used by various communities that focus on people (called do-it-yourselfers or DIYers) creating or repairing things for themselves without the aid of "on-duty, work- stationed" paid professionals. Many DIYers may in fact be off-duty or retired professionals. The notion is related in philosophy to the Arts and Crafts movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Many modern DIY subcultures take the traditional Arts and Crafts movement's rebellion against the perceived lack of soul of industrial aesthetics a step further. DIY subculture explicitly critiques modern consumer culture, which emphasizes that the solution to our needs is to purchase things, and instead encourages people to take technologies into their own hands to solve needs. Imagen de Ron Mader en Flickr bajo licencia CC
The phrase "do it yourself" came into common usage in the 1950s in reference to various jobs that people could do in and around their own houses without the help of professionals. A very active community of people continues to use the term DIY to refer to fabricating or repairing things for home needs, on one's own rather than purchasing them or paying for professional repair. In other words, home improvement done by the householder without the aid of paid professionals. In recent years, the term DIY has taken on a broader meaning that covers a wide range of skill sets. Today, for example, DIY is associated with the international alternative and hardcore music scenes. Members of these subcultures strive to blur the lines between creator and consumer by constructing a social network that ties users and makers close together. There are various communities of media-makers that consider themselves Imagen de Maegan Tantari en Flickr bajo licecncia CC DIY, for example the indymedia network, pirate radio stations, and the zine community. Source: https://es.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090501200619AA41htv
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Can you imagine people wearing clothes from living organisms? Watch this video, it's incredible!
2. Malls & shopping centres Imagen de Alex Pepperhill en Flickr bajo licencia CC
Talk about malls and shopping centres: What is a mall? And a shopping centre? Are they really different forms to refer to the same thing, or not?
Imagen de Matthew Paulson en Flickr bajo licencia CC
As it has been said in the introduction of this lesson, Peter needed to buy something for his relatives so Tom took him to Arndale. Arndale is a shopping centre in Manchester but it is not the only one in the city. You can also go shopping to Trafford centre. Now, we are going to see what a shopping centre is. A shopping mall, shopping center/centre, shopping arcade, shopping precinct, or simply just a mall is one or more buildings forming a complex of shops representing merchandisers, with interconnecting walkways enabling visitors to walk from unit to unit. A shopping mall is a modern, chiefly North American, term for a form of shopping precinct or shopping centre, in which one or more buildings form a complex of shops representing merchandisers with interconnecting walkways that enable customers to walk from unit to unit. A shopping arcade is a specific form serving the same purpose. Many early shopping arcades such the Burlington Arcade in London, the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan and numerous arcades in Paris are famous and still trading. However, many smaller arcades have been demolished, replaced with large centres or "malls", often accessible by vehicle. Technical innovations such as electric lighting and escalators were introduced from the late nineteenth century. From the late twentieth century, entertainment venues such as movie theaters and restaurants began to be added. As a single built structure, early shopping centres were often architecturally significant constructions, enabling wealthier patrons to buy goods in spaces protected from the weather. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall
Actividad desplegable
There are different types of shopping malls. Read the descriptions below and choose the correct option. TYPES OF SHOPPING MALLS The International Council of Shopping Centers classifies shopping malls into eight basic types: neighborhood center, community center, regional center, superregional center, fashion/specialty center, power center, theme/festival center, and outlet center. These definitions, published in 1999, were not restricted to shopping centers in any particular country, but later editions were made specific to the US with a separate set for Europe. 1. They are small-scale malls serving the local neighborhood. They typically have a supermarket or a drugstore as an anchor, and are commonly arranged in a strip mall format. Neighborhood centers usually have a retail area of 30,000 to 150,000 square feet (2,800 to 13,900 m2), and serve a primary area in a 3-mile (4.8 km) radius. They are sometimes known as convenience centers. 2. They are larger than neighborhood centers, and offer a wider range of goods. They usually feature two anchor stores which are larger than that of a neighborhood center's, e.g. a discount department store. They may also follow a strip configuration, or may be L- or U-shaped. Community centers usually feature a retail area of 100,000 to 350,000 square feet (9,300 to 32,500 m2) and serve a primary area of 3 to 6 miles (4.8 to 9.7 km). 3. It is, per the International Council of Shopping Centers, in the United States, a shopping mall which is designed to service a larger area than a conventional shopping mall. As such, it is typically larger with 1,000 sq ft (93 m2) to 800,000 sq ft (74,000 m2) gross leasable area with at least two anchor stores and offers a wider selection of stores. Given their wider service area, these malls tend to have higher-end stores that need a larger area in order for their services to be profitable but may have discount department stores. Regional malls are also found as tourist attractions in vacation areas. 4. It is, per the International Council of Shopping Centers, in the US a shopping mall with over 800,000 sq ft (74,000 m2) of gross leasable area, three or more anchors, mass merchant, more variety, fashion apparel, and serves as the dominant shopping venue for the region (25 miles) in which it is located. 5. Its feature upscale apparel shops and boutiques and cater to customers with higher incomes. They usually have a retail area ranging from 80,000 to 250,000 square feet (7,400 to 23,200 m2) and serve an area of 5 to 15 miles (8.0 to 24.1 km). 6. These are large shopping centers that almost exclusively feature several big-box retailers as their anchors. They usually have a retail area of 250,000 to 600,000 square feet (23,000 to 56,000 m2) and a primary trade area of 5 to 10 miles (8.0 to 16.1 km). 7. They have distinct unifying themes that are followed by their individual shops as well as their architecture. They are usually located in urban areas and cater to tourists. They typically feature a retail area of 80,000 to 250,000 square feet (7,400 to 23,200 m2). 8. It is a type of shopping mall in which manufacturers sell their products directly to the public through their own stores. Other stores in outlet malls are operated by retailers selling returned goods and discontinued products, often at heavily reduced prices. Outlet stores were found as early as 1936, but the first multi-store outlet mall, Vanity Fair, located in Reading, PA did not open until 1974. Belz Enterprises opened the first enclosed factory outlet mall in 1979, in Lakeland, TN, a suburb of Memphis. Adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall#Types
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Reflexión
Write the differences and the similarities between the UK and the USA in the text.
In places around the world, the term shopping centre is In places around the world, the term shopping centre is used, especially in Europe, Australia, and South America. Mall is a term used predominantly in North America. Outside of North America, "shopping precinct" and "shopping arcade" are also used. In North America, Gulf countries, and India, the term shopping mall is usually applied to enclosed retail structures (and is generally abbreviated to simply mall), while shopping center usually refers to open-air retail complexes; both types of facilities usually have large parking lots, face major traffic arterials, and have few pedestrian connections to surrounding neighborhoods. In the United Kingdom, malls are commonly referred to as shopping centres. Mall primarily refers to either a shopping mall – a place where a collection of shops all adjoin a pedestrian area – or an exclusively pedestrianized street that allows shoppers to walk without interference from vehicle traffic. In North America, mall is generally used to refer to a large shopping area usually composed of a single building which contains multiple shops, usually "anchored" by one or more department stores surrounded by a parking lot, Imagen de gavjof en Flickr bajo licencia CC while the term "arcade" is more often used, especially in Britain, to refer to a narrow pedestrian-only street, often covered or between closely spaced buildings. The majority of British shopping centers are located in city centers, usually found in old and historic shopping districts and surrounded by subsidiary open air shopping streets. Large examples include West Quay in Southampton; Manchester Arndale; Bullring Birmingham; Liverpool One; Buchanan Galleries in Glasgow; and Eldon Square in Newcastle upon Tyne. In addition to the inner city shopping centers, large UK conurbations will also have large out-of-town "regional malls" such as Meadowhall Centre, Sheffield serving South Yorkshire, the Trafford Centre in Greater Manchester and Bluewater in Kent. These centers were built in the 1980s and 1990s, but planning regulations prohibit the construction of any more. Out-of-town shopping developments in the UK are now focused on retail parks, which consist of groups of warehouse style shops with individual entrances from outdoors. Planning policy prioritizes the development of existing town centres, although with patchy success. Westfield Stratford City, in Stratford (London), is the largest shopping center in Europe with over 330 shops, 50 restaurants and an 11 screen cinema and Westfield London is the largest inner-city shopping center in Europe. Bullring, Birmingham is the busiest shopping center in the UK welcoming over 36.5 million shoppers in its opening year. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall
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Curiosidad
Did you know that vertical malls are new trends nowadays? High land prices in populous cities have led to the concept of the "vertical mall," in which space allocated to retail is configured over a number of stories accessible by elevators and/or escalators (usually both) linking the different levels of the mall. The challenge of this type of mall is to overcome the natural tendency of shoppers to move horizontally and encourage shoppers to move upwards and downwards. The concept of a vertical mall was originally conceived in the late 1960s by the Mafco Company, former shopping center development division of Marshall Field & Co. The Water Tower Place skyscraper, Chicago, Illinois, was built in 1975 by Urban Retail Properties. It contains a hotel, luxury condominiums, and office space and sits atop a block-long base containing an eight-level atrium-style retail mall that fronts on the Magnificent Mile. Vertical malls are common in densely populated conurbations such as Hong Kong and Bangkok. Times Square in Hong Kong is a principal example. A vertical mall may also be built where the geography prevents building outward or there are other restrictions on construction, such as historical buildings or significant archeology. The Darwin Shopping Centre and associated malls in Shrewsbury, UK, are built on the side of a steep hill, around the former outer walls of the nearby medieval castle; consequently the shopping center is split over seven floors vertically – two locations horizontally – connected by elevators, escalators and bridge walkways. Some establishments incorporate such designs into their layout, such as Shrewsbury's McDonalds restaurant, split into four stories with multiple mezzanines which feature medieval castle vaults – complete with arrowslits – in the basement dining rooms. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall#Vertical_malls Here are some English phrases that you can use when you go shopping, as well as some of the things you might see on notices. You might need to look some words up in the dictionary. OPENING TIMES SELECTING GOODS What times are you open? Can I help you? 1. We're open from 9am to 5pm, Monday to Friday 2. We're open from 10am to 8pm, seven days a week 1. I'm just browsing, thanks
Are you open on …? How much is this? Saturday Sunday How much are these? What time do you close? What time do you close today? How much does this cost? What time do you open tomorrow? How much is that … (lamp) in the window? 1. That's cheap RETURNS & COMPLAINTS 2. That's good value 3. That's expensive
Do you sell …(stamps)? I'd like to return this Do you have any …(postcards)? I'd like to change this for a different size 1. Sorry, we don't sell them 2. Sorry, we don't have any left
It doesn't work I'm looking for …(the shampoo/a birthday card) It doesn't fit Could I have a refund? Could you tell me where the …(washing up liquid) is? Have you got the receipt? Where can I find the …(toothpaste)? Could I speak to the manager? Have you got anything cheaper? THINGS YOU MIGHT SEE It's not what I'm looking for Open Closed Do you have this item in stock? Open 24 hours a day Special offer Sale Clearance sale Do you know anywhere else I could try? Closing down sale Good value Buy 1 get 1 free Does it come with a guarantee? Buy 1 get 1 half price It comes with a one year guarantee Reduced to clear Half price
Out to lunch Do you deliver? Back in 15 minutes I'll take it Shoplifters will be prosecuted I'll take this Anything else? Would you like anything else?
Source: http://www.speaklanguages.com/english/phrases/shopping
Actividad desplegable Read the descriptions and choose the correct term for each one. One word has to be used twice.
The main components of a shopping centre are: 1. It is a common feature of shopping malls. This typically consists of a number of fast food vendors of various types, surrounding a shared seating area. 2. When the shopping mall format was developed by Victor Gruen in the mid-1950s, signing larger department stores was necessary for the financial stability of the projects, and to draw retail traffic that would result in visits to the smaller stores in the mall as well. These larger stores are termed anchor store or draw tenant. In physical configuration, anchor stores are normally located as far from each other as possible to maximize the amount of traffic from one anchor to another. 3. Frequently, a shopping mall or shopping center will have satellite buildings located either on the same tract of land or on one abutting it, on which will be located these kinds of stores, which may or may not be legally connected to the central facility through contract or ownership. These stores may have their own parking lots, or their lots may interconnect with those of the mall or center. The existence of the stand-alone store may have been planned by the mall's developer, or may have come about through opportunistic actions by others, but visually the central facility – the mall or shopping center – and the satellite buildings will often be perceived as being a single "unit", even in circumstances where the outlying buildings are not officially or legally connected to the mall in any way. Adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall#Components
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2.1. Types of shops Imagen de Charlene N Simmons en Flickr bajo Imagen de David Smith en Flickr bajo licencia CC licencia CC Imagen de Steve Snodgrass en Flickr bajo licencia CC
There are different kinds of shops. Some of them sell bread. Others have tea, sugar, coffee, butter, cheese, sausages, meal, and fruit. When we want to buy something, we take our shopping-bag and go to a shop. There we can see shop-girls and shop men who sell things. Many people do their shopping at the market. There the farmers sell the vegetables and fruit which they grow themselves. They sell meat, milk and other things too. Large shops with many departments are department stores. In these stores we can buy almost all we want. In the windows we see all the things which they sell there – food, suits, dresses, coats, boots, shoes, radio and TV sets and many Imagen de Hamed Masoumi en Flickr bajo licencia other things. Imagen de Julia en Flickr bajo licencia CC CC Shops are very important in our life.
Imagen de Thomas Hawk en Flickr bajo licencia CC Imagen de Paul Ancheta en Flickr bajo licencia CC Imagen de Ted and Jen en Flickr bajo licencia CC
There are different kinds of shops. Click here to go to Macmillan Dictionary webpage and see a list of them. If you click on any of them you can see its definition and synonyms or related words.
Here are some English words which you may find useful when shopping: Shopping In the shop At the checkout
cheap cashier customer cash discount aisle change expensive basket checkout price counter complaint sale fitting room credit card shop manager in stock shopping bag shelf out of stock shopping list shop assistant plastic bag or carrier bag special offer purse to buy shop window queue to sell stockroom receipt to order trolley refund to go shopping till wallet Source: http://www.speaklanguages.com/english/vocab/shopping
Importante Here you have useful phrases when shopping for clothes: FINDING THE RIGHT SIZE MAKING A CHOICE Could I try this on? Could I try these on? How do they feel? Could I try these shoes on? Do they feel comfortable? Do you want to try it on? It suits you Do you want to try them on? They suit you What size are you? What size do you take? Is this the only colour you've got? I take a size … What do you think of these? I like them Do you have this in a size …(10/12)? I don't like them Do you have these in a size …(8/14)? I don't like the colour Do you have a fitting room? Where's the fitting room? What are these made of? Have you got this in a smaller size? Are these washable? Have you got this in a larger size? No, they have to be dry-cleaned I'll take it Could you measure my …(waist/neck/chest)? I'll take them I'll take this Is that a good fit? I'll take these It's too small It's a little too small THINGS YOU MIGHT SEE It's a little too big Menswear it's too big Womenswear or Ladieswear it's just right Childrenswear they're just right Babywear Fitting room SIZE It doesn't fit S — Small They don't fit M — Medium L — Large XL — Extra-large
Source: http://www.speaklanguages.com/english/phrases/shopping-for-clothes
Actividad desplegable
Read the conversation and complete the gaps. AT THE CLOTHING SHOP Shop assistant: Hello, Can I you? Customer: Hello, yes please. I’m a T-shirt. Shop assistant: What colour do you prefer? Customer: I like blue or red. Shop assistant: And do you need? Customer: I usually use a size. Shop assistant: OK. In your size we have these models. Customer: Oh, they are lovely! Shop assistant: Do you want to ? Customer: Yes, please. Where are the ? Shop assistant: Just at the end of the corridor. Customer: , thanks. … a few minutes later … Shop assistant: Do they you? Customer: Yes, I choose this one. ? Shop assistant: It is 15 euros. Customer: Ok. Shop assistant: buy anything else? Customer: No, thank you. Shop assistant: Ok, come with me, .Will you put it on your credit card? Customer: No, I'll pay .Here it is. Shop assistant: Thank you. Here’s your . Customer: .Good bye. Shop assistant: .
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MAKING PAYMENT USING A CREDIT CARD
are you in the queue? next, please! do you take credit cards? Enter your PIN I'll pay in cash Please wait I'll pay by card Remove card could I have a receipt, please? Signature would you be able to gift wrap it for me? would you like a bag?
PAYING: QUESTIONS PAYING: ANSWERS/COMMENTS
Do you take credit cards? Do you give credit? Do you have a loyalty card? We take all the major credit cards. Does it have a warranty? We only accept cheques with a cheque card. Can I pay by cheque? We are offering 6 months free credit with no deposit. Do you offer a cash discount? Sorry, no. Could I have a VAT receipt, please? Yes, certainly. Could I leave my bags here and pick them up later? Caso práctico
Here you will see a typical conversation to return clothes. It's Saturday evening and Mrs Smith has to return the T-shirt.
Mrs S: Excuse me, can you help me? Shop Assistant: Yes of course, what can I do for you? Mrs S: I bought this T-shirt for my son this afternoon, but it doesn't fit him, it's too small Shop Assistant: Do you want to change it or get a refund. Mrs S: I'd like to change it for a larger size. Do you have these in large? Shop Assistant: I'll just check. Let's see, yes we have large or extra large, which would you prefer? Mrs S: I think large will be fine, it's for my son. Shop Assistant: That's fine, if it doesn't fit just bring it back again. If you take it to the customer service desk, they'll sort it all out for you. Mrs S: Thank you. Just as a matter of interest do you give refunds? Shop Assistant: Yes, of course. You can bring any clothing items back up to three weeks after purchase, but you must keep the reciept. Mrs S: I see, thanks again. Shop Assistant: You're welcome.
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Read the following text and filling the gaps with words related to shopping. Be careful, the vocabulary in the text is American English.
Going shopping Mrs Smith is going with her son. They are looking for a present for Mr Smith's birthday. Mrs Smith wants to him a new camera and Tom wants to buy him a jumper. They drive to the department store on the high street. Mrs Smith uses the to go to the on the third floor and Tom takes the stairs up to the Men's Department on the first floor. When she gets to the Electrical she finds that cameras are sold in t h e Department on the ground floor. She takes the down and asks the assistant there for some help. She doesn't know much about cameras and needs some advice. He recommends an automatic camera by Olympus, but it is too expensive. She asks him if he has anything a little cheaper and he tells her about a offer on the Pentax range. It still seems expensive so she thanks the assistant and decides to shop around first. Imagen de Gillie Rhodes en Flickr bajo Meanwhile, Tom is looking at the jumpers. He only has £10 to spend so he can't afford licencia CC most of them. He sees his mother and they decide to go to the smaller shops round the corner. Source: http://www.learnenglish.de/Games/Reading/ReadShop.html
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Rellenar huecos Arrange the conversation in logical order. Write the number in the right position. The first one has already been done.
01-80 pounds. 06 02-Yes, please. I’m looking for a tie. 03-Dark blue, please. 04-Thank you 05-Well, I don’t like the style. 06-Good morning. Can I help you? 07-What colour? 08-How do you like this one? 09-At the cash desk over there. 10-I’ll take it. Can I pay by credit card? 11-Where can I pay? 12-And what about this one? 13-Yes, I like it very much. How much is it? 14-Sure. 15-You are welcome!
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Match the shop with the things you can find in there. Where would you get/buy...
1. ...a cheque book, bank notes and coins? 2. ....glasses and sunglasses? 3. ...stamps, parcels, and letters? 4. ...bread, cakes or biscuits? 5. ...orange juice, butter or spaghetti?
6. ...oil, petrol or diesel?
7. ...a dictionary, book or diary? 8. ...saussages, pork shops or chicken?
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Curiosidad Did you know that online shopping is a new trend nowadays? Faced with the exploding popularity of buying online, shopping malls are emptying and are seeking new solutions to generate traffic. In the US, for example, roughly 200 out of 1,300 malls across the country are going out of business. To combat this trend, developers are trying to turn malls into leisure centers that include attractions such as parks, movie theaters, gyms, and even fishing lakes. Others, such as the European commercial real- estate giant Unibail-Rodamco, are modernizing their approach by promoting brand interaction and enhanced architectural appeal. A recent example that integrates both approaches is the So Ouest mall outside of Paris that was designed to resemble elegant, Louis XV-style apartments and includes 17,000 square metres (180,000 sq ft) of green space. The Australian mall company Westfield launched an online mall (and later a mobile app) with 150 stores, 3,000 brands and over 1 million products. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall#Online_shopping_influence
SHOPPING ON THE INTERNET Shopping on the Internet, or shopping on-line is becoming more and more popular. More and more people are using the internet to buy things. Why do people use the Internet to shop? Some people say it is more convenient. They don't have to leave their homes to order something, and they can shop for anything they want at any time, day or night. Other people say they can find things for sale that they can't find in the stores near their homes. Still other people say they can find better prices on the Internet.
Imagen de LEWIS PR Madrid 2012 en Flickr bajo If you want to buy something on the Internet, you need a credit licencia CC card. You have to type your credit card number and information on the website and send it to the store over the Internet. You have to be sure that the store will not use your information in the wrong way. You don't want someone to get your credit card number and charge something to your account. Of course, you always have to be careful with your credit card number, because people sometimes steal credit card numbers from stores and restaurants too. For people who are too nervous to shop on-line, the Internet is a good place to go window-shopping. Window-shopping is when you go to a store and look at the things for sale, but don't plan to buy anything. Window-shopping is easy on the Internet. You can see what kinds of products are available and how much they cost. You can visit stores with branches near you, or you can visit stores that are only on the Internet. Some stores have a website for information about their stores, but not for shopping. Here is an example of a store that is in San Francisco: Ross Dress for Less Some stores have a website for information about their stores, and you can shop on-line there too. Here are three examples of stores Imagen de Christian Rivera en Flickr bajo licencia that are in San Francisco: Office Depot, Payless Shoe Source, CC Safeway. Some stores are only for on-line shopping. Here is an example of an on-line store: Amazon.com Source: http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~lfried/call/shopping3.html
2.2. British brands
Answer the following questions: Do you know any British brands? List them. Do you like British brands? Do you know any British brands with shops in Spain? Enumerate them. What kind of shops are they? Talk about something you bought in a British brand.
Imagen de Paul Townsend en Flickr bajo licencia CC Actividad desplegable
Surf the Net looking for information about the following British brands. Jaguar Cars - Kingsmill - Salt 'n' Shake - Mayfair - Tesco plc - M&S - Imperial Leather - The Body Shop Jaguar Cars - Kingsmill - Salt 'n' Shake - Mayfair - Tesco plc - M&S - Imperial Leather - The Body Shop International plc - Bentley Motors Limited - Britannia Airways - Happy Faces - Aston Martin Lagonda Limited - BP - Admiral Sportswear Match the brands to their description. There are three brands you don't have to use.
is an internationally recognised football and cricket brand. Admiral is the current England cricket team and, until the end of the 2007/08 season, Leeds United A.F.C. supplier of sports apparel. is a British manufacturer of luxury performance cars, whose headquarters are at Gaydon, Warwickshire, England. The company name is derived from the Aston Clinton hill climb and one of the company's founders, Lionel Martin. is a British energy company / multinational oil company ("oil major") with headquarters in London, England, UK. is a British manufacturer of luxury automobiles and Grand Tourers. Since 1998 the company has been owned by the Volkswagen Group. , known as The Body Shop, has over 2,000 stores in more than 50 countries. Following O Boticario, Brazilian company, The Body Shop is the second largest cosmetic franchise in the world. The company, headquartered in Littlehampton, West Sussex, England, was founded by Anita Roddick and is known for its vegetable-based products ranging from Body Butter, Peppermint Foot Lotion, and Hemp. The Body Shop has emphasized its support for a wide range of issues around the globe. Its slogans included: Against Animal Testing, Support Community Trade, Activate Self Esteem, Defend Human Rights, and Protect Our Planet was the largest charter airline in the United Kingdom, rebranded as Thomsonfly in 2005. Its main bases were London Gatwick, London Luton, Birmingham, Manchester and Newcastle. are a brand of biscuit made by United Biscuits' subsidiary Jacob's Bakery Ltd. Similar to Jammie Dodgers, they are composed of two pieces of shortcake filled in the middle with raspberry jam and (unlike Jammie Dodgers) cream. The shortcake pieces are imprinted with faces (five types) that have holes where the eyes and mouth would go which allows one to see the filling. The biscuits are 45mm in diameter and sold in packs of 10. is a British retailer, with 760 stores in more than 30 countries around the world. It is one of the most iconic and widely recognised chain stores in the UK with 520 stores,[2] and is the largest clothing retailer in the country, as well as being a multi-billion pound food retailer.[3] Most of its shops sell both of these categories. It also has a third line of business selling homewares such as bed linen, but this is far smaller than the other two. is a brand of soaps, toiletries and healthcare products manufactured by PZ Cussons. The brand originates in Britain and is now available in a number of other countries including Australia and Dubai. The brand is not available in the USA or Canada. is a British-based international grocery and general merchandising retail chain. It is the largest British retailer by both global sales and domestic market share, and is the world's third-largest retailer, behind Wal-Mart of the United States and Carrefour of France. is one of Britain's oldest crisp brands, originally manufactured by The Smith's Snackfood Company. They are most notable for containing a blue sachet containing 0.2g of salt, allowing the purchaser to salt the crisps to their own taste. is a British adult magazine for men. Founded in 1965, it was designed as a response to U.S. magazines such as Playboy and Penthouse, which had recently launched in the UK. For many years it claimed the largest distribution of any men's magazine in the UK. is a brand of bread made by Allied Bakeries, being owned by Associated British Foods. The brand is mainly associated with white bread although it also produces other varieties. Limited is a luxury car manufacturer, originally based at Browns Lane, Coventry, England but now at Whitley, Coventry. It was founded as the Swallow Sidecar Company in 1922, changing to SS Cars Ltd in 1934, and finally becoming Jaguar Cars Ltd in 1945.While Jaguar is currently part of the Premier Automotive Group, Ford is divesting both Jaguar and Land Rover, with India's Tata Motors the frontrunner to buy the brands.
Comprobar respuesta Mostrar retroalimentación
Pregunta Verdadero-Falso Read the text and choose if the statements below are true or false.
Our Rights When Buying Goods We go to the shops very often. Sometimes we buy small things, sometimes very big for our houses or apartments. But we must know some golden rule not to get into trouble while buying things. 1. We have to examine the things we are buying at once. If they are faulty, we have to tell the seller about them. 2. We have to keep all the receipts that we are given, because when we have to return an item, the receipt will help to prove where the item was bought. 3. We have to complain and not to be afraid of it, because the law is on our side. 4. We have to be persistent, but not aggressive, if our complaint is justified.
1. We have no rules when buying things. Verdadero Falso 2. We have to examine the item thoroughly. Verdadero Falso 3. We don’t have to keep receipts. Verdadero Falso 4. The receipts won’t help us to prove our purchase. Verdadero Falso 5. We have to complain. Verdadero Falso 6. The law is with us. Verdadero Falso 7. We must be aggressive if our complaints are justified. Verdadero Falso
Pregunta Verdadero-Falso 'The Next Black' is a documentary film that explores the future of clothing. Watch as we meet with some of the most innovative companies on the planet to get their opinion on clothing and its future, including: heroes of sustainability, Patagonia; tech-clothing giants, Studio XO; sportswear icon, adidas; and Biocouture, a consultancy exploring living organisms to grow clothing and accessories. Watch the first 5 minutes of the video dedicated to Studio XO from "The Next Black - A film about the Future of Clothing" and decide if the following statements are true or false. 1. Studio XO is located in North London, in a flat. Verdadero Falso 2. The concept of clothing hasn’t changed so much over a hundred years. Verdadero Falso 3. Textiles don’t signify social code. Verdadero Falso 4. Nancy is one of the pioneers of merging technology and fashion. Verdadero Falso 5. The members of “Black Eyed Peas” have been dressed with XO clothes. Verdadero Falso 6. Nancy has been working in fashion from sixteen years. Verdadero Falso 7. The dress Nancy and her team designed for Lady Gaga contains a machine which makes bubbles of chewing gum. Verdadero Falso 8. Nancy's way of thinking about clothing is a mixture between fashion and engineering. Verdadero Falso 9. Nancy is against fashion and engineering to work together. Verdadero Falso 10. Nancy’s brand is the first one in putting machines to be dressed in our bodies. Verdadero Falso
3. Shopaholic
Curiosidad
Confessions of a shopaholic is a comedy movie and, as in any comedy, you can find scenes in which serious things are dealt with humour. Watch this scene that is set in a department store with products on sale: on sale:
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Talk about the following: Define the term shopaholic. Do you think you are a shopaholic? Why/why not? What do you think about compulsive shopping? What do you think about people who waste their money buying things they don't really need?
Imagen de Saxbald Photography en Flickr bajo licencia
Importante
Terrence Shulman is a counselor who works with people suffering from a number of compulsive behaviors related to over-shopping or overspending, from shoplifting addictions to hoarding disorders. Founder of the Shulman to over-shopping or overspending, from shoplifting addictions to hoarding disorders. Founder of the Shulman Center in Southfield, Mich., Shulman was featured on "Nightline." Watch the report about compulsive shopping:
ABC US News | World News Are you a compulsive shopper?This questionnaire was taken from Shulman's book, "Bought Out and $pent: Recovery from Compulsive shopping and spending." Answer the following with a YES or NO response and see how you did at the end.
Have you ever lost time from work or school due to shopping/spending? Has shopping/spending ever created problems in your relationships? Has shopping/spending ever affected your reputation or people's opinion of you? Have you ever felt guilt, shame, or remorse after shopping/spending? Did you ever shoplift or steal from work to get money to pay debts or to solve money issues? Did shopping/spending ever cause a decrease in your ambition or efficiency? Did you ever experience a "high" or "rush" of excitement when you shop or spend? Have you ever shopped/spent to escape worries? Has shopping/spending caused you to have difficulty eating or sleeping? Do arguments, disappointments, or frustrations create an urge to shop or spend? Have you noticed you begin shopping or spending more frequently over time? Have you considered self-destruction or suicide as a result of your shopping or spending? Upon stopping over-shopping or overspending did you continue to be tempted/preoccupied by it? Have you kept your shopping/spending a secret from most of those you are close to? Have you told yourself "this is my last time" and still over-shopped or overspent again? Have you continued to shop or spend despite having been had legal issues such as bankruptcy or divorce? Do you often feel angry or feel a need for control? Do you have feelings of life being unfair? Do you have persistent feelings of entitlement to get or buy what you want? Do you have trouble speaking up for yourself, asking for help, or saying "no"? How many questions did you say yes to?
Most compulsive shoppers/spenders will answer YES to at least SEVEN of these questions. Debtors Anonymous and professional counseling should be recommended for compulsive shoppers/spenders. Source: http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/lifestyle/2012/02/quiz-are-you-a-compulsive-shopper/ This addiction has been taken to the big screen. Confessions of a shopaholic is a comedy film about compulsive shopping and its consequences whose sinopsis is the following: Rebecca Bloomwood is a sweet and charming New York City girl who has a tiny, little problem that is rapidly turning into a big problem: she's hopelessly addicted to shopping and drowning in a sea of debt. While Rebecca has dreams of working for a top fashion magazine, she can't quite get her foot in the door that is, until she snags a job as an advice columnist for a new financial magazine published by the same company. Overnight, her column becomes hugely popular, turning her into an overnight celebrity. But when her compulsive shopping and growing debt issues threaten to destroy her love, life and derail her career, she struggles to keep it all from spiraling out of control and is ultimately forced to reevaluate what's really important in life. Watch the trailer of this film.
4. Order of adjectives
Imagen de Steven Kay en Flickr bajo licencia CC
Actividad de lectura As we know, the English language is far more fixed when dealing with word order than other languages. That being so, when adjectives are used in attributive position, that is, in front of the nouns they modify, they normally follow a concrete order. Have a look at the chart below to learn what order the most frequently-used adjectives in English follow according to type.
Imagen de attanatta en Flickr bajo licencia CC
When Present and Past Participial adjectives as well as the other adjectives that appear in a text are in attributive position, that is, are placed in front of a noun, they normally follow a concrete order. Click here to remember the correct order of the most frequently-used adjectives according to type. Now, have a look at the following chart with examples of noun phrases.
Determiner Opinion Size Age Shape Colour Origin Material Qualifier Noun a huge consulting company that immense spinning column the excited screaming children
Draw a similar chart a complete the correspondent boxes with the following noun phrases:
a fierce immense brown wall of dust / a friendly penetrating voice
Click on "pulse aquí" to check your answers. Pulse aquí
Rellenar huecos
Write the adjectives between brackets in the correct order. If you doubt, watch the video on the right. 1. Tsunamis are natural hazards. 1. Tsunamis are natural hazards. (terrible, huge) 2. In the bar, he listened to a song. (American, rhythmic, romantic) 3. Tom bought a tennis racket two months ago. (French, nice, blue, graphite) 4. He met an barman. (African, tall, middle-aged, interesting) 5. Tom slept on a mattress. (new, wool, huge, comfortable) Enviar
Look at the picture below and write your opinion about the statement and shopping addiction.
Imagen de Poster Boy en Flickr bajo licencia CC
Importante
Apart from basic notions on adjectives order, you have to be careful when the adjective is accompanied by "too" or "not enough". Look at the following grid. "too" or "not enough". Look at the following grid.
TOO NOT ENOUGH too + adjective/adverb adjective/adverb + enough FORM too much/many + noun enough + noun too much/many + of + pronoun/determiner enough + of + pronoun/determiner Enough is used to mean sufficient.
Too is used to mean more than sufficient or Your clothes are big enough to fit me. You’ve done enough work. You can stop more/less than necessary. now. It’s too late to stop him. Have you got enough money to buy me a Jerry was too young to watch drink? the movie. MEANING There are too many people on Enough is used in negative sentences to mean less this train, there’s nowhere to sit. than sufficient or less than necessary. You have too much money, give You’re not working fast enough, you some to me. won’t finish on time. You’ve eaten too many of those Sorry, I haven’t got enough food for cakes. everyone. Not enough of my friends are coming to the party.
Enough can be used without a noun if the meaning is clear. There’s a lot of food but not enough for everyone. Enough can be replaced with the before a noun. ADITIONAL POINTS I don’t have the money to go on holiday. His company doesn’t have the resources to do the job. Time or room can be used alone to mean enough time or enough room. Is there room in your car for one more person? Do we have time for a coffee?
Source: http://www.eslbase.com/grammar/too-enough
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In order to practice, there are plenty of exercises on the web you can do. We have chosen these ones:Exercise 1, Exercise 2, Exercise 3. You can find more explanations about adjective word order here.
Actividad desplegable
Read the following adventure of Rick Mansworth, Private Detective, and choose the correct adjective. Some unneccesary words have been included to distract you. (This is a review of adjectives in general. You should check grammar related to adjectives and adverbs in previous units.) You should check grammar related to adjectives and adverbs in previous units.)
RICK AND THE TURKISH HAREM (part 1) The air was full of smoke from cigarettes and hashish from the hookah pipes on the low tables. The music got louder and Prince Yamanie passed the pipe to Rick and smiled, showing his teeth. The Prince was a man in his thirties with skin, hair and eyes. He started laughing as he passed the pipe to Rick. ‘What’s the matter Rick, don’t you like the belly-dancers?’ asked the Prince. ‘We have more dancers, and they would all be to spend the night with you.’ ‘The dancers are ’, said Rick, looking at the faces of the Eastern dancers, ‘But they’re not the reason I came to see you Prince Yamanie.’ The Prince’s smile got wider. ‘Ah, you Americans are always and straight to the point.’ A beautiful girl with eyes offered Rick some coffee.
‘So Rick, what can I do for you and why have you travelled to our city?’ Rick put down his coffee and began to speak, ‘The daughter of American senator William Bawls was kidnapped last Saturday while she was on vacation in Detroit. The Senator believes she was taken by the ‘Tehran International Terrorist Sect’, and brought here to the capital of Iran.’ ‘But what would a organisation like ‘T.I.T.S.’ want with a senator’s daughter?’ asked the Prince. ‘Senator Bawls wants to bomb Iran and restart the war with Iraq. William Bawls represents everything T.I.T.S. hates about America’ ‘Why have you come to me Rick?’ asked the Prince. ‘You have contacts Prince Yamanie. You can find the girl and make me look in America. You also owe me a favour after the camel scandal in 1999’. ‘Oh yes, I remember.’ The Prince was not smiling now, ‘the camel scandal was . Okay Rick, I like you and I will help you. Where are you staying?’ asked the Prince. ‘At The Fez’ said Rick ‘Okay, give me a couple of days to ask around and I’ll be in touch.’ ‘Thanks Prince, I appreciate it.’ Said Rick. Rick finished his coffee and left the Prince and his sexy dancers. The street outside the palace was , and full of cats. Rick walked back to The Fez Hotel. He was deep in thought. He didn’t trust Prince Yamanie. There was something about his white teeth and Eastern hospitality that seemed false. Why did the dancers and the servants appear so ?
Rick went up to his room at The Fez, but he couldn’t sleep. To be continued.....
Source:http://www.mansioningles.com/practica_rick08.htm
Comprobar respuesta CONNECTORS OF EMPHASIS As you know, linking words are used to organize ideas in speaking and writing. It is important to be aware of their position in the text. We are going to revise linking words that we use for emphasis. They are: especially - particularly - naturally, - exactly - because - above all Whatever - Whenever - too / enough - The more...
Be careful with these connectors: so and such; enough and too. SO & SUCH ENOUGH & TOO
When used for emphasis, 'So' must be followed by either an adjective or 'Enough' goes after adjectives and adverbs but an adverb and must be linked to an explanation clause. E.g.: before nouns. E.g.: It was so hot that we decided not to go to the beach. You won't pass the exam if you don't We decided not to go to the beach because it was so hot. work hard enough. NOTE! 'such' is used in the same way, but must be followed by a noun or He didn't get the job because he didn't adjective+noun. E.g.: have enough experience. It was such a hot day that we decided not to go to the beach. 'Enough' can also be used alone. E.g.: We decided not to go to the beach because it was such a hot I'll lend you some money if you haven't day. got enough. NOTE! When there is no explanation clause, use 'very', unless referring 'Too' means 'more than necessary' and comes to a present situation. E.g. before adjectives and adverbs only. E.g.: It was very hot yesterday, wasn't it? It's so nice to see you again! The coffee was too hot to drink.
Source: http://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/linkwd.html
Importante
In this video you are going to learn the importance of order words for emphasis successfully.
In this video-lesson, you will learn more tips to add emphasis to your sentences.
5. Reported speech 1
This is a detailed explanation of reported speech. In this lesson we are going to deal with reported speech: statements.
Reporting verbs and word order When we repeat people's words or thoughts, we normally use "say" or "think". They can go before sentences or at other natural breaks (e.g. between clauses or after discourse markers). E.g.: So I said "What are you doing in our bedroom?" "I'm sorry", he said, "I thought it was my room". "Well, I thought, that's funny, he's got my handbag open". "If that's the case", I said. "What are you doing with my handbag?"
1. TENSE SHIFT When the introducing reporting verb is in the past, the verb in the subordinate clause is changed into the past of the verb in the direct speech.
Direct speech Reported speech Present simple Past simple Tom said, "I work very hard." Tom said (that) he worked very hard. Present continuous Past continuous Tom said, "I'm working very hard." Tom said (that) he was working very hard. Present Perfect Tom said, "I have worked very hard." Past Perfect Past simple Tom said (that) he had worked very hard. Tom said, "I worked very hard." Present Perfect continuous Tom said, "I have been working very hard." Past Perfect continuous Past simple continuous Tom said (that) he had been working very hard. Tom said, "I was working very hard." Future: will + bare infinitive Conditional: would + bare infinitive Tom said, "I will work very hard." Tom said (that) he would work very hard. Future continuous Conditional continuous Tom said, "I will be working very hard." Tom said (that) he would be working very hard. can could Tom said, "I can work very hard." Tom said (that) he could work very hard. must / have (got) to had to Tom said, "I must work / have (got) to work very hard." Tom said (that) he had to work very hard. may might Tom said, "I may work very hard." Tom said (that) he might work very hard.
• There are time expressions which do not change:
Direct speech Reported (indirect) speech could could Tom said, "I could work very hard." Tom said (that) he could work very hard. might might Tom said, "I might work very hard." Tom said (that) he might work very hard. Conditional Conditional Tom said, "I would work very hard." Tom said (that) he would work very hard. ought to ought to Tom said, "I ought to work very hard." Tom said (that) he ought to work very hard. should + bare infinitive should + bare infinitive Tom said, "I should work very hard." Tom said (that) he should work very hard. used to used to Tom said, "I used to work very hard." Tom said (that) he used to work very hard.
Source: http://mbonillo.xavierre.com/gramatica/report1st.html 2. ADVERBIALS OF TIME AND PLACE
Direct speech Indirect (reported) speech now then/ at that time/ immediately today yesterday/ that day/ on Tuesday etc. yesterday the day before/ the previous day/ on Monday etc. tomorrow the next day/ the following day/ on Wednesday etc. this week last week/ that week last year the year before/ the previous year/ the preceding year/in 1990 etc. next month the month after/ the following month/ in August etc. an hour ago an hour before/ an hour earlier/ at two o’clock etc. in two days weeks) two days from then, two weeks from then five days ago five days before, five days earlier five weeks ago five weeks before, five weeks earlier here there
3. CHANGE IN EXPRESSIONS In reported speech you cannot forget other changes such as the ones in determiners, pronouns, etc in order not to change the original meaning of the statement. He said, "I like these action films and so does my brother." (Él dijo: "Me gustan estas películas de acción y a mi hermano también." He said (that) he liked those action films and so did his brother. (Él dijo que le gustaban esas películas de acción y a su hermano también.)
Direct Speech Reported (Indirect) Speech
I he / she
me him / her
my his / her
mine his / hers
we they
us them
our their
ours theirs
this / these that / those
here there
The grid above is not always used because sometimes there is no necessity to make changes, it depends on the specifici circumstances. E.g.: I said, "I don't like this room." (Dije: "No me gusta esta habitación.") I said (that) I don't like this room. (Dije que no me gusta esta habitación.) —sigue en ella y sigue sin gustarle— Source: http://mbonillo.xavierre.com/gramatica/report5ex.html 4. REPORTING VERBS COLLOCATIONS Note that some reporting verbs may appear in more than one of the following groups. 1. Verbs followed by 'if' or 'whether' + clause:
ask say know see remember
2. Verbs followed by a that-clause:
add doubt reply admit estimate report agree explain reveal announce fear say answer feel state argue insist suggest boast mention suppose claim observe tell comment persuade think complain propose understand confirm remark warn consider remember deny repeat
3. Verbs followed by either a that-clause or a to-infinitive:
decide promise expect swear guarantee threaten hope
4. Verbs followed by a that-clause containing should (but note that it may be omitted, leaving a subject + zero-infinitive):
advise insist recommend beg prefer request demand propose suggest
5. Verbs followed by a clause starting with a question word:
decide imagine see describe know suggest discover learn teach discuss realise tell explain remember think forget reveal understand guess say wonder 6. Verbs followed by object + to-infinitive
advise forbid teach ask instruct tell beg command invite warn
Source: http://www.developingteachers.com/articles_tchtraining/repsppf_kendall.htm
5. REPORTING VERBS When using reported speech, most students learn to use "say" and "tell": E.g.:John told me he was going to stay late at work. Peter said he wanted to visit his parents that weekend. But be careful, in indirect speech we can only use "Told" when "decir" takes an indirect complement. E.g.: He told us (that) he was happy. But not He said to us (that) he was happy. These forms are perfectly correct for reporting what others have said. However, there are a number of other reporting verbs which can more accurately describe what someone has said. These verbs take a variety of structures. The following list gives you reporting verbs in various categories based on sentence structure. Notice that a number of verbs can take more than one form.
verb + object + verb + object + verb + infinitive verb + (that) verb + gerund preposition + preposition + infinitive gerund
admit agree agree advise decide decide encourage offer deny deny accuse encourage offer deny deny accuse invite promise explain recommend blame remind refuse insist suggest congratulate warn promise threaten recommend suggest
Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Tom admitted (that) he had tried to leave early. Jack encouraged me to She offered to give him a He denied having They accused the He apologized look for a new job. lift to work. She agreed (that) we anything to do with boys of cheating on for being late. needed to reconsider her. the exam. They invited all their My brother refused to take our plans. She insisted on friends to attend the no for an answer. Ken suggested She blamed her doing the presentation. studying early in husband for missing washing the morning. the train.
You can also learn about reported speech from the following video-lessons.
Learn the difference between direct speech and indirect speech in English. In this intermediate English lesson you will see two people gossiping at work about their colleagues. Two of their colleagues are dating and one of the men speaking does not think this is appropriate at work.
Pregunta de Elección Múltiple
Choose the correct option for the following statements. 1 Samira said, "Monica speaks English very well." a. Samira said that Monica spoke English very well. b. Samira said that Monica is speaking English very well. c. Samira said that Monica had spoken English very well. d. Samira said that Monica speaks English very well. 2 Yolanda said, "I have to leave the class before 12:30."
a. Yolanda said that I have to leave the class before 12:30. b. Yolanda said that she has to leave the class before 12:30. c. Yolanda said that she had to leave the class before 12:30. d. Yolanda said that she has had to leave the class before 12:30. 3 Gabriela said, "I can't possibly finish my work by five o'clock." a. Gabriela said that she can't possibly finish her work by five o'clock. b. Gabriela said that she won't possibly finish her work by five o'clock. c. Gabriela said that she couldn't possibly finish her work by five o'clock. d. Gabriela said that she hadn't been able to possibly finish her work by five o'clock. 4 Martha said, "I am going to go to Mexico next year." a. Martha said that she is going to Mexico next year. b. Martha said that she was going to Mexico next year. c. Martha said that she had gone to Mexico next year. d. Martha said that she will be going to Mexico next year.
5 Baruch said, "I might teach ESL 843 next semester." a. Baruch said that he is going to teach ESL 843 next semester. b. Baruch said that he will teach ESL 843 next semester. c. Baruch said that he might teach ESL 843 next semester. d. Baruch said that he could teach ESL 843 next semester.
Source: http://englishclassok.wikispaces.com/Reported+Speech+Exercises Para saber más
To get more practice about reported speech you can visit the following webpages: Agendaweb Englisch-hilfen ego4u perfect English grammar rephrasing exercises Bon's tips English grammar secrets To learn English ESL about For more specific exercises visit these websites: Simple present: perfect-english-grammar.com Present Continuous: perfect-english-grammar.com Simple past: perfect-english-grammar.com Present perfect: perfect-english-grammar.com Simple future: perfect-english-grammar.com baladre.info , beladre.info. Statements: mixed tenses: ego4u.com 1 ego4u.com 2 englisch-hilfen.de 1 englisch-hilfen.de 2 perfect-english-grammar.com english4u.de 1 englis4u.de 2 english4u.de 3 english4u.de 4 english4u.de 5 english-exercises.org 1 eslpartyland.com english-exercises.org 2 english-exercises.org 3 edu.ge.ch kico4u.de ompersonal
Source: http://english-grammar-activities.wikispaces.com/G-REPORTED+SPEECH
6. Pronunciation tips: consonants review
Imagen de Arthaey Angosii en Flickr bajo licencia CC Let's review the following vowel sounds studied this year. Can you give an example for each of these sounds? /tʃ/ /s/ /w/ /h/ /θ/ /v/ /dʒ/ /ʃ/ /j/ /f/ /ð/ /b/
Para saber más
Do you remember consonants clusters in unit 5? Review them giving examples. Remember, the sounds for clusters are:
/sk/ /skr/ /sl/ /sm/ /sn/ /sp/ /spl/ /spr/ /st/ /str/ /sw/
Actividad desplegable
How are these words pronounced? Choose the correct consonant sound for the part of the word in bold. Some words are used as distracting words.
1.chic 8. cycle 22. 15. though beautiful 16. 2. thorn 9. cough although 23. gel 3. clown 10. cheese 17. reuse 24. yell
4. shown 11. peach 18. queue 25. nuclear
5. issue 12. Thomas 19. wood 26. mature 13. 6. pass thermometer 20. hotel 27. nature 7. 14. juice 21. heir 28. major science
Comprobar respuesta Mostrar retroalimentación
Para saber más
Review some consonantic sounds learnt this course reading the following tongue twisters:
I saw Susie sitting in a shoe shine shop. Where she sits she shines, and where she shines she sits.
Denise sees the fleece, Denise sees the fleas. At least Denise could sneeze and feed and freeze the fleas.
The thirty-three thieves thought that they thrilled the throne throughout Thursday.
Something in a thirty-acre thermal thicket of thorns and thistles thumped and thundered threatening the three-D thoughts of Matthew the thug - although, theatrically, it was only the thirteen-thousand thistles and thorns through the underneath of his thigh that the thirty year old thug thought of that morning.
Six sick hicks nick six slick bricks with picks and sticks.
I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.
There was a fisherman named Fisher who fished for some fish in a fissure. Till a fish with a grin, pulled the fisherman in. Now they're fishing the fissure for Fisher.
To sit in solemn silence in a dull, dark dock, In a pestilential prison, with a life-long lock, Awaiting the sensation of a short, sharp shock, From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block! To sit in solemn silence in a dull, dark dock, In a pestilential prison, with a life-long lock, Awaiting the sensation of a short, sharp shock, From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block! A dull, dark dock, a life-long lock, A short, sharp shock, a big black block! To sit in solemn silence in a pestilential prison, And awaiting the sensation From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block!
There those thousand thinkers were thinking how did the other three thieves go through.
I scream, you scream, we all scream for icecream!
Hassock hassock, black spotted hassock. Black spot on a black back of a black spotted hassock.
She saw Sherif's shoes on the sofa. But was she so sure she saw Sherif's shoes on the sofa?
Through three cheese trees three free fleas flew. While these fleas flew, freezy breeze blew. Freezy breeze made these three trees freeze. Freezy trees made these trees' cheese freeze. That's what made these three free fleas sneeze.
There once was a man who had a sister, his name was Mr. Fister. Mr. Fister's sister sold sea shells by the sea shore. Mr. Fister didn't sell sea shells, he sold silk sheets. Mr. Fister told his sister that he sold six silk sheets to six shieks. The sister of Mr. Fister said I sold six shells to six shieks too!
Sister Suzie sewing shirts for soldiers Such skill as sewing shirts Our shy young sister Suzie shows Some soldiers send epistles Say they'd rather sleep in thistles Than the saucy, soft short shirts for soldiers Sister Suzie sews.
Hercules, a hardy hunter, hunted a hare in the Hampshire Hills. Hit him on the head with a hard, hard hammer and he howled horribly! and he howled horribly!
V: Voilà! In view, a humble vaudevillian veteran, cast vicariously as both victim and villain by the vicissitudes of Fate. This visage, no mere veneer of vanity, is a vestige of the vox populi, now vacant, vanished. However, this valorous visitation of a by-gone vexation, stands vivified and has vowed to vanquish these venal and virulent vermin van-guarding vice and vouchsafing the violently vicious and voracious violation of volition. [carves V into poster on wall] V: The only verdict is vengeance; a vendetta, held as a votive, not in vain, for the value and veracity of such shall one day vindicate the vigilant and the virtuous. [giggles] V: Verily, this vichyssoise of verbiage veers most verbose, so let me simply add that it's my very good honor to meet you and you may call me V.
A happy hippo hopped and hiccupped.
Source: http://www.uebersetzung.at/twister/en.htm
Curiosidad
What is the longest word in English? Go on reading and try to pronounce them correctly and fluently if you can! The longest word in popular usage is ANTIDISESTABLISHMENTARIANISM (a movement opposed to the separation of church and state) at 28 letters. The 45 letter word PNEUMONOULTRAMICROSCOPICSILICOVOLCANOCONIOSIS (a lung disease caused by breathing in certain particles) also appears in many English dictionaries. However, as it's use is strictly medical or scientific, some may not consider this truely part of the English language. Source: http://www.englishenglish.com/english_facts_15.htm
Bite size
In Lesson 1 we have practised the four skills: - We have read several texts about shopping, malls and shopping centres, types of payment, clothes design, shopaholics. - The listening activities in the lesson included, among others, a video about compulsive shopping, the film titled Confessions of a Shopaholic, documentaries about recycled clothes and eco-friendly clothes and interviews to fashion designers. - In order to improve your speaking, you have talked about shopping, shopaholism, malls, shops, eco-friendly products. - In the writing section you have written about shopaholism and clothes design.
In order to improve those skills, we have studied: - Vocabulary: words related to shopping and payments when shopping. -Grammar: order of adjectives, reported speech 1 and connectors of emphasis.
Imagen de Shane McGraw en Flickr bajo licencia CC - Functional language: going shopping, buying and selling, payments. - Pronunciation: consonants review. - With regard to culture, we have learnt about the English shopping centres and designers.