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Ion Channels in Drug Discovery
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Thesis for doctoral degree (Ph.D.) 2008 Thesis for doctoral degree (Ph.D.) 2008 Ion Channels in Drug Discovery - focus on biological assays Ion Channels in Drug Discovery - focus on biological assays Kim Dekermendjian Ion Channels in Drug Discovery - focus on biological - focus on in Drug assays Channels Discovery Ion Kim Dekermendjian Kim Dekermendjian Stockholm 2008 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Ion Channels in Drug Discovery - focus on biological assays Kim Dekermendjian Stockholm 2008 Main Supervisor: Bertil B Fredholm, Professor Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet. Co-Supervisor: Olof Larsson, PhD Associated Director Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Astrazeneca R&D Södertälje. Opponent: Bjarke Ebert, Adjunct Professor Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. and Department of Electrophysiology, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark. Examination board: Ole Kiehn, Professor Department of Neurovetenskap, Karolinska Institutet. Bryndis Birnir, PhD Docent Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University. Bo Rydqvist, Professor Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet. All previously published papers were reproduced with permission from the publisher. Front page (a) Side view of the GABA-A model; the trans membrane domain (TMD) (bottom) spans through the lipid membrane (32 Å) and partly on the extracellular side (12 Å), while the ligand binding domain (LBD) (top) is completely extracellular (60 Å). (b) The LBD viewed from the extracellular side (diameter of 80 Å). (c) The TMD viewed from the extracellular side. Arrows and ribbons (which correspond to ȕ-strands and Į- helices, respectively) are coloured according to position in each individual subunit sequence, as well as in the TM4 of each subunit which is not bonded to the rest of the model (with permission from Campagna-Slater and Weaver, 2007 Copyright © 2006 Elsevier Inc.). -
Compositions Comprising Drospirenone Molecularly
(19) & (11) EP 1 748 756 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: A61K 9/00 (2006.01) A61K 9/107 (2006.01) 29.04.2009 Bulletin 2009/18 A61K 9/48 (2006.01) A61K 9/16 (2006.01) A61K 9/20 (2006.01) A61K 9/14 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 05708751.2 A61K 9/70 A61K 31/565 (22) Date of filing: 10.03.2005 (86) International application number: PCT/IB2005/000665 (87) International publication number: WO 2005/087194 (22.09.2005 Gazette 2005/38) (54) COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DROSPIRENONE MOLECULARLY DISPERSED ZUSAMMENSETZUNGEN AUS DROSPIRENON IN MOLEKULARER DISPERSION DES COMPOSITIONS CONTENANT DROSPIRENONE A DISPERSION MOLECULAIRE (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR • FUNKE, Adrian HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR D-14055 Berlin (DE) Designated Extension States: • WAGNER, Torsten AL BA HR MK YU 13127 Berlin (DE) (30) Priority: 10.03.2004 EP 04075713 (74) Representative: Wagner, Kim 10.03.2004 US 551355 P Plougmann & Vingtoft a/s Sundkrogsgade 9 (43) Date of publication of application: P.O. Box 831 07.02.2007 Bulletin 2007/06 2100 Copenhagen Ø (DK) (60) Divisional application: (56) References cited: 08011577.7 / 1 980 242 EP-A- 1 260 225 EP-A- 1 380 301 WO-A-01/52857 WO-A-20/04022065 (73) Proprietor: Bayer Schering Pharma WO-A-20/04041289 US-A- 5 569 652 Aktiengesellschaft US-A- 5 656 622 US-A- 5 789 442 13353 Berlin (DE) Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 De Juan Et Al
US 200601 10428A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 de Juan et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 25, 2006 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE Publication Classification TREATMENT OF OCULAR CONDITIONS (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventors: Eugene de Juan, LaCanada, CA (US); A6F 2/00 (2006.01) Signe E. Varner, Los Angeles, CA (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/427 (US); Laurie R. Lawin, New Brighton, MN (US) (57) ABSTRACT Correspondence Address: Featured is a method for instilling one or more bioactive SCOTT PRIBNOW agents into ocular tissue within an eye of a patient for the Kagan Binder, PLLC treatment of an ocular condition, the method comprising Suite 200 concurrently using at least two of the following bioactive 221 Main Street North agent delivery methods (A)-(C): Stillwater, MN 55082 (US) (A) implanting a Sustained release delivery device com (21) Appl. No.: 11/175,850 prising one or more bioactive agents in a posterior region of the eye so that it delivers the one or more (22) Filed: Jul. 5, 2005 bioactive agents into the vitreous humor of the eye; (B) instilling (e.g., injecting or implanting) one or more Related U.S. Application Data bioactive agents Subretinally; and (60) Provisional application No. 60/585,236, filed on Jul. (C) instilling (e.g., injecting or delivering by ocular ion 2, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/669,701, filed tophoresis) one or more bioactive agents into the Vit on Apr. 8, 2005. reous humor of the eye. Patent Application Publication May 25, 2006 Sheet 1 of 22 US 2006/0110428A1 R 2 2 C.6 Fig. -
)&F1y3x PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to THE
)&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 3 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACTODIGIN 36983-69-4 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ADAFENOXATE 82168-26-1 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ADAMEXINE 54785-02-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ADAPALENE 106685-40-9 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ADAPROLOL 101479-70-3 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ADATANSERIN 127266-56-2 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ADEFOVIR 106941-25-7 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ADELMIDROL 1675-66-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ADEMETIONINE 17176-17-9 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE 61-19-8 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ADIBENDAN 100510-33-6 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ADICILLIN 525-94-0 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 ADIMOLOL 78459-19-5 ACEBUTOLOL 37517-30-9 ADINAZOLAM 37115-32-5 ACECAINIDE 32795-44-1 ADIPHENINE 64-95-9 ACECARBROMAL 77-66-7 ADIPIODONE 606-17-7 ACECLIDINE 827-61-2 ADITEREN 56066-19-4 ACECLOFENAC 89796-99-6 ADITOPRIM 56066-63-8 ACEDAPSONE 77-46-3 ADOSOPINE 88124-26-9 ACEDIASULFONE SODIUM 127-60-6 ADOZELESIN 110314-48-2 ACEDOBEN 556-08-1 ADRAFINIL 63547-13-7 ACEFLURANOL 80595-73-9 ADRENALONE -
The Importance of a Higher Dose of a Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist in Reducing
CRVASA-544; No. of Pages 4 c o r e t v a s a x x x ( 2 0 1 7 ) e 1 – e 4 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/crvasa Case report The importance of a higher dose of a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist in reducing risk of recurrent hospitalization in a patient with advanced chronic heart failure – A case report a, a b G. Mairgani *, V. Mála , F. Málek a Odděleni Interna I, Nemocnice Teplice, Krajská zdravotní, a.s., Czech Republic b Kardiocentrum, Nemocnice Na Homolce, Praha, Czech Republic a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The authors present the significance of a higher dose of a mineralocorticoid receptor Received 10 March 2017 antagonist in reducing the frequency of hospitalizations for decompensated heart failure Received in revised form in a 67-year-old patient suffering from advanced chronic heart failure. 9 August 2017 © 2017 The Czech Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved. Accepted 19 August 2017 Available online xxx Keywords: Advanced chronic heart failure Mineral corticoid receptor antagonists Eplerenone nervous system and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone sys- tem (RAAS). The short-term effects include increased heart Introduction activity, vasoconstriction and fluid retention, and the long- term effects are myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis and myocard Heart failure is defined as a state when the heart is unable to fibrosis (left ventricular remodeling). There is also an increase pump blood with normal venous return according to the needs in the production of vasodilatation mediators (prostaglandins, of tissue metabolism or a state when it is only be able to do so natriuretic peptides, bradykinin and others); however, these with an increased ventricular filling pressure. -
G Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones
WHO/EMP/RHT/TSN/2018.2 © World Health Organization 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation. Learning clinical pharmacology with the use of INNs and their stems. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (WHO/EMP/RHT/TSN/2018.2). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHO publications, see http://apps.who.int/bookorders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, see http://www.who.int/about/licensing. -
PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to the TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2020) Revision 19 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2020) Revision 19 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names INN which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. -
Exploring Non-Covalent Interactions Between Drug-Like Molecules and the Protein Acetylcholinesterase
Exploring non-covalent interactions between drug-like molecules and the protein acetylcholinesterase Lotta Berg Doctoral Thesis, 2017 Department of Chemistry Umeå University, Sweden This work is protected by the Swedish Copyright Legislation (Act 1960:729) ISBN: 978-91-7601-644-2 Elektronisk version tillgänglig på http://umu.diva-portal.org/ Printed by: VMC-KBC Umeå Umeå, Sweden, 2017 “Life is a relationship between molecules, not a property of any one molecule” Emile Zuckerkandl and Linus Pauling 1962 i Table of contents Abstract vi Sammanfattning vii Papers covered in the thesis viii List of abbreviations x 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Drug discovery 1 1.2. The importance of non-covalent interactions 1 1.3. Fundamental forces of non-covalent interactions 2 1.4. Classes of non-covalent interactions 3 1.5. Hydrogen bonds 3 1.5.1. Definition of the hydrogen bond 3 1.5.2. Classical and non-classical hydrogen bonds 4 1.5.3. CH∙∙∙Y hydrogen bonds 5 1.6. Interactions between aromatic rings 6 1.7. Thermodynamics of binding 7 1.8. The essential enzyme acetylcholinesterase 8 1.8.1. The relevance of research focused on AChE 8 1.8.2. The structure of AChE 9 1.8.3. AChE in drug discovery 10 2. Scope of the thesis 12 3. Background to techniques and methods 13 3.1. Structure determination by X-ray crystallography 13 3.1.1. The significance of crystal structures of proteins 13 3.1.2. Data collection and structure refinement 13 3.1.3. Electron density maps 14 3.1.4. -
Clinical Pharmacology of Antiмcancer Agents
A CLINI CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF NTI- C ANTI-CANCER AGENTS C AL PHARMA AN Cristiana Sessa, Luca Gianni, Marina Garassino, Henk van Halteren www.esmo.org C ER A This is a user-friendly handbook, designed for young GENTS medical oncologists, where they can access the essential C information they need for providing the treatment which could OLOGY OF have the highest chance of being effective and tolerable. By finding out more about pharmacology from this handbook, young medical oncologists will be better able to assess the different options available and become more knowledgeable in the evaluation of new treatments. ESMO ESMO Handbook Series European Society for Medical Oncology CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF Via Luigi Taddei 4, 6962 Viganello-Lugano, Switzerland Handbook Series ANTI-CANCER AGENTS Cristiana Sessa, Luca Gianni, Marina Garassino, Henk van Halteren ESMO Press · ISBN 978-88-906359-1-5 ISBN 978-88-906359-1-5 www.esmo.org 9 788890 635915 ESMO Handbook Series handbook_print_NEW.indd 1 30/08/12 16:32 ESMO HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTI-CANCER AGENTS CM15 ESMO Handbook 2012 V14.indd1 1 2/9/12 17:17:35 ESMO HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTI-CANCER AGENTS Edited by Cristiana Sessa Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Ospedale San Raffaele, IRCCS, Unit of New Drugs and Innovative Therapies, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy Luca Gianni Ospedale San Raffaele, IRCCS, Unit of New Drugs and Innovative Therapies, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy Marina Garassino Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy Henk van Halteren Department of Internal Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Ede, The Netherlands ESMO Press CM15 ESMO Handbook 2012 V14.indd3 3 2/9/12 17:17:35 First published in 2012 by ESMO Press © 2012 European Society for Medical Oncology All rights reserved. -
Biological Target and Its Mechanism He Zuan* Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine,Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
OPEN ACCESS Freely available online Journal of Cell Signaling Editorial Biological Target and Its Mechanism He Zuan* Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine,Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China EDITORIAL NOTE 1. There is no direct change in the biological target, but the binding of the substance stops other endogenous substances (such Biological target is whatsoever within an alive organism to which as triggering hormones) from binding to the target. Contingent some other entity (like an endogenous drug or ligand) is absorbed on the nature of the target, this effect is mentioned as receptor and binds, subsequent in a modification in its function or antagonism, ion channel blockade or enzyme inhibition. behaviour. For examples of mutual biological targets are nucleic acids and proteins. Definition is context dependent, and can refer 2. A conformational change in the target is induced by the stimulus to the biological target of a pharmacologically active drug multiple, which results in a change in target function. This change in function the receptor target of a hormone like insulin, or some other target can mimic the effect of the endogenous substance in which case of an external stimulus. Biological targets are most commonly the effect is referred to as receptor agonism or be the opposite of proteins such as ion channels, enzymes, and receptors. The term the endogenous substance which in the case of receptors is referred "biological target" is regularly used in research of pharmaceutical to as inverse agonism. to describe the nastive protein in body whose activity is altered Conservation Ecology: These biological targets are conserved by a drug subsequent in a specific effect, which may a desirable across species, making pharmaceutical pollution of the therapeutic effect or an unwanted adverse effect. -
Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Supplementary material BMJ Open Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily <1946 to September 16, 2019> # Searches Results 1 exp Hypertension/ 247434 2 hypertens*.tw,kf. 420857 3 ((high* or elevat* or greater* or control*) adj4 (blood or systolic or diastolic) adj4 68657 pressure*).tw,kf. 4 1 or 2 or 3 501365 5 Sex Characteristics/ 52287 6 Sex/ 7632 7 Sex ratio/ 9049 8 Sex Factors/ 254781 9 ((sex* or gender* or man or men or male* or woman or women or female*) adj3 336361 (difference* or different or characteristic* or ratio* or factor* or imbalanc* or issue* or specific* or disparit* or dependen* or dimorphism* or gap or gaps or influenc* or discrepan* or distribut* or composition*)).tw,kf. 10 or/5-9 559186 11 4 and 10 24653 12 exp Antihypertensive Agents/ 254343 13 (antihypertensiv* or anti-hypertensiv* or ((anti?hyperten* or anti-hyperten*) adj5 52111 (therap* or treat* or effective*))).tw,kf. 14 Calcium Channel Blockers/ 36287 15 (calcium adj2 (channel* or exogenous*) adj2 (block* or inhibitor* or 20534 antagonist*)).tw,kf. 16 (agatoxin or amlodipine or anipamil or aranidipine or atagabalin or azelnidipine or 86627 azidodiltiazem or azidopamil or azidopine or belfosdil or benidipine or bepridil or brinazarone or calciseptine or caroverine or cilnidipine or clentiazem or clevidipine or columbianadin or conotoxin or cronidipine or darodipine or deacetyl n nordiltiazem or deacetyl n o dinordiltiazem or deacetyl o nordiltiazem or deacetyldiltiazem or dealkylnorverapamil or dealkylverapamil -
General Agreement on Tariffs Andtrade
RESTRICTED GENERAL AGREEMENT TAR/W/87/Rev.1 16 June 1994 ON TARIFFS AND TRADE Limited Distribution (94-1266) Committee on Tariff Concessions HARMONIZED COMMODITY DESCRIPTION AND CODING SYSTEM (Harmonized System) Classification of INN Substances Revision The following communication has been received from the Nomenclature and Classification Directorate of the Customs Co-operation Council in Brussels. On 25 May 1993, we sent you a list of the INN substances whose classification had been discussed and decided by the Harmonized System Committee. At the time, we informed you that the classification of two substances, clobenoside and meclofenoxate, would be decided later. Furthermore, for some of the chemicals given in that list, one of the contracting parties had entered a reservation and the Harmonized System Committee therefore reconsidered its earlier decision in those cases. I am therefore sending you herewith a revised complete list of the classification decisions of the INN substances. In this revised list, two substances have been added and the classifications of two have been revised as explained below: (a) Addition Classification of clobenoside, (subheading 2940.00) and meclofenoxate (subheading 2922.19). (b) Amendment Etafedrine and moxidentin have now been reclassified in subheadings 2939.40 and 2932.29 respectively. The list of INN substances reproduced hereafter is available only in English. TAR/W/87/Rev. 1 Page 2 Classification of INN Substances Agreed by the Harmonized System Committee in April 1993 Revision Description HS Code