BULLETIN

HOUSTON GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Houston, Texas

Volrrme 3, No. 3 November 1960 OFFICERS President ...... William A . Goman ...... FA 3-0346 1st Vice President ...... Phllip R . Allin ...... CA 5-0111 2nd Vice President ...... Benjamin T . Simmons ...... FA 3-0493 Secretary ...... Clark Edgecomb. Jr...... WA 8-2511 Treasurer ...... Thomas M . Burke ...... CA 5-0331

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEEMEN Carey Croneis Ben F . Morgan Edd R . Turner. Jr., Ex-Officio Shirley L . Mason Marion S . Roberta

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN STANDING COMMITTEES Finance ...... Bruce Fornsy ...... FA 3-0367 Publications ...... Philip R . Allin ...... CA 5-0111 Technical Program ...... Benjamin T . Simmons ...... FA 3-0493 Awards & Loans ...... Jack Colle ...... CA 7-6266 Personriel Placement ...... A.G. Stam ...... CA 5-4411 Public Relations ...... Ira N . Patterson.]r ...... CA 5-4411 Research & Study ...... William R . Walton ...... CA 74371 Boy Scout ...... Lowell K . Mower ...... JA 4-8628 Entertainment ...... Roy M. Rhodm ...... RI 7-1300

SPECIAL COMMITTEES Ballot ...... M . Stephen Kovac ...... CA 3-4645 Convention Preparation ...... W.A. 'l'homas ...... CA 2-9721 Distribution of Publications ...... I .W . Norman ...... CA 3-4901 Engineers Council ...... Kenneth A . Payne ...... CA 5-3040 Howad Schoenike ...... MO 5-7079 Exhibits G.C.A. G.S. A.A.P.G. :...... B . Otto Pixler ...... JA 4-6381 Foreign Papers ...... Richard B . Hohlt ...... CA 5-0517 Library Bs Academic Liaison ...... George C . Hardin. Jr...... M0 7-5601 Membership ...... Judd H. Oualline ...... CA 8-6321 Preservation of Samples Bs Cores ... Charles W. Stuckey. Jr...... JA 9-4821 Remembrance ...... John L.P. Campbell ...... WA 8-5311 Transportation ...... Carleton D . Speed. Jr...... CA 4-2523 Advisors to Museum of Natural History ...... E.W. Buck ...... CA 8-5161 Fred M. Schall. Jr...... CA 2-9481 CGAGS Representative ...... Wendell L . Lewia ...... CA 3-4901 THE BULLETIN

THIS MONTH

VOLUlviE 3 NUMBER 3

Meeting Notice ...... , . . . Page 2 Items from Editor's Desk ...... Page 3 News of Members ...... Page 4 News of Other Societies ...... Page 7 Reports on International Geological Congress...... Page 9

GeoScience Notes . , ...... Page 15

THE BULLETIN OF THE HOUSTON GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Office -234 Esperson Bldg. - Houston 2, Texas - FA 3-9309 Subscription Price $3.00 per year.

Published monthly, September to June by CARDINAL PRINTING AND LETTER SERVICE. INC.

Editor ...... W.R. Canada, Mobil Oil Co...... CA 8-0541 Ass't. Editor ...... Arthur S. Dickinson, Lion Oil Co...... CA 3-4011

Managing Editor ...... Neil E. Hanson, MPS Production Co...... CA 4-7871 MEETING NOTICE

Volume 3, No. 3 November

THIRD REGULAR MEETING - NOVEMBER 14

The third regular meeting of the 1960-61 year will be held on Monday evening, November 14, 1960, on the 10th floor of the Houston Club. The social hour will begin at 5:15 p.m., dinner at 6:00 p.m.

MR. F. P. KOKESH, Schlumberger Well Surveying Corporation, Houston, Texas, will present the paper "The Cement Bond Log, A Sonic Method for Analyzing the Quality of Cementation of Borehole Casings. " An abstract of this paper appears under GeoScience Notes in this Bulletin.

Mr. Kokesh was born in Hopkins, Minnesota. He received the de- gree of B.S. in electrical engineering in 1935 from the University of Minnesota, and in 1937 joined Schlumberger Well Surveying Corpora- tion as field engineer. He became party chief and district engineer at Winnfield, Louisiana, in 1940. After serving with the United States Army Signal Corps and Air Corps from 1941 to 1945, attaining the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, Mr. Kokesh rejoined Schlumberger. He was district engineer at Monroe, Louisiana, and Harvey, Louisiana, divi- sion engineer of the Mississippi division at Jackson before joining the Schlurnberger engineering staff at Houston in 1951. Since then he has been responsible for development of seismic velocity and Sonic logging techniques and equipment.

Mr. Kokesh is a member of Eta Kappa Nu, American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, Institute of Radio Engineers, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Houston Geological Society and Geophysical Society of Houston.

SCHEDULE OF FUTURE MEETINGS

The next regular meeting will be held on December 5, 1960. Other regular meetings will be held on the following dates:

January 9, 1961 April 10, 1961 February 13, 1961 May 8, 1961 March 13, 1961 June 12, 1961

Highlights of Mr. Ed J. Hamner's talk "The Climate of the Oil Industry and What It Means to Geologists" presented at the September meeting appear under GeoScience Notes in this Bulletin. PROPOSED MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCE

The Museum of Natural Science, formerly the ivIuseum of Natural History of Houston, through the Board of Trustees has sent to the Houston Geological Society a "Proposal for Consideration" which out- lines the proposed building and operational plans and objectives for the new Museum of Natural Science. The executive committee of the Museum of Natural History is headed by Dr. Nelson C. Steenland, an active member of the Houston Geological Society and the Geophysical Society of Houston. The Board of Trustees hope that the program of the new museum to improve and extend its services will merit the consideration and support of the Houston Geological Society. The Board has authorized a $1,500,000 program to construct a 50, 000 square foot building plus a 40 foot planetarium in the northern corner of Hermann Park on land provided by the City of Houston. The present building of the Museum of Natural History was constructed over twenty-six years ago as a bird house and was never meant to serve as a center of popular natural science education. Houston, as the sixth city in rank of population in the nation and the largest, most agressive and surely leading city in the Southwest, deserves the best for all of its citizens. And the Houston Geological Society, the largest regional Geological Society in the world, devoted . as it is to promoting the understanding and study of natural science, should seriously consider the proposal and invitation to support the Museum of Natural Science building program. The "prospectus" submitted by the Board of Trustees is rather lengthy. Briefly, the $1, 500,000 building program will provide for: The Planetarium - with the most recent development in plane- tarium projectors, an inside dome with a diameter of forty feet and a seating capacity for 250 people. The Aquarium - providing exhibit area for aquatic animals and plants of the Gulf Coast region. The Exhibition Galleries - with up-to-date movable partitions and special lighting and motion techniques. The Educational Center - with several classrooms, a lecture hall with 350 seating capacity, two small studies for teaching staff and other rooms for special projects. The ~emorial~ibrar~ - a reading room and provisions for books and periodicals related to natural science. Also, there will be a Board Room, Laboratory Workship, Research Area, and a Nature Shop where an area will be provided for purchase of gifts, books and materials related to natural history and science. Our democratic way of life does not permit enforcement of attend- ance at museums of history, art, nature, or to symphony orchestras, operas, brass bands, or to bathing beaches, golf courses, football stadiums, or girlie shows. But in Houston, we should have the best and provide an opportunity for all to have the best Museum of -Natural Science in the Southwest and then encourage all to avail themselves of attendance and expose themselves to learning -- or the yearning to learn.

NEWS ...... bh

During September Earle F. Taylor, Glen R. Neighbors and Stewart H. Folk announced the formation of Taylor and Associates, Incorporated (formerly T. U. L. h. Corporation). The new company will maintain its offices at 2 110 ~kesseeBuilding here in Houston. With many years experience in foreign areas, these Houston Geological Society members plan to specialize in consulting work in Alaska and foreign countries. As officers of T. U. L. M. Corporation, these geologists and engineers formerly worked exclusively for Tennessee Gas Transmission Com- pany, Union Texas Natural Gas Corporation, Lion Oil Company and Murphy Corporation in an advisory capacity.

Phillips Petroleum Company has announced the following transfers of its personnel: DICK SHOWALTER to Bartlesville, Oklahoma as Staff Geologist; RANDELL GRABER to the Houston District from the Lafayette District; and JIM SCHRIBER to the Houston District from the Corpus Christi District.

R. T. ZLLZEY, JR., Lion Oil Division of Monsanto, has reported to the Houston District as a new employee. Bob has recently com- pleted requirements for the degree of master of geological engineering at the University of Oklahoma.

Tidewater Oil Company has combined its Corpus and Houston District offices into the Texas Gulf Coast District, and the following transfers have been announced: JOE O'CONNOR from the Houston Division office to the Corpus Christi office as District Exploration Manager; BILL CHAPPZLL from the Houston Division office to the Oklahoma City office as District Geologist; JOHN DIECKMAN from the Houston office to Bakersfield, California as District Geologist.

KEITH W. CHANDLER, formerly with Pan American Petroleum Corporation (Houston District), and R. T. FOUST, JR., also formerly with that company's Corpus Christi District, are now with Brazos Oil & Gas Company.

W. E. TIPTGN, Brazos Oil & Gas Company, has been promoted to Chief Geologist and Manager of Exploration. Union Oil Company of California has combined the East Texas, the Corpus Christi and the Houston Districts into the Texas District, and the following transfers have been made: C. W. SCHWARTZ from New Orleans to Houston as Assistant Chief Geologist of Gulf Division; ROGER W. BRYAN from Lafayette, Louisiana to Houston as District Geologist of the Texas District; G. C. HELM and R. A. CAMPBELL from the Offshore District to the Texas District. W. C. RAYMER was promoted from Assistant Chief Geologist to Chief Geologist of the Gulf Division.

CHARLES F. BROWN and D. F. IGLEHART, Pan American Pe- troleum Corporation, have been transferred into the Division Research Group from the Corpus Christi and New Orleans Districts, respectively.

ROBERT LANKFORD, Pan American, has joined the Research Group Division, Scripps Institute of Oceanography.

Recent new members are:

Anderson, Robert J. Sohio Petroleum Company Bruns, Richard H. Texaco, Inc. Cobb, William R. Shell Oil Company Dahl, Harry M. Texaco, Inc. Dollison, Robert S., Jr. Pan American Petroleum Corp. Faxon, Charles R. General Services Adm. (DMS) Fish, George E. The Pure Oil Company Hyde, David E. Sohio Petroleum Company Johnson, Glen F. Mobil Oil Company Joyce, J. G. Standard Oil Company of Texas Kercher, James H. Sohio Petroleum Company Kern, Jack C. Standard Oil Company of Texas Kriegel, H. C. Humble Oil & Refining Company Landry, Leland J. Pan American Petroleum Corp. Lehnertz, Clement A., Jr. Exploration Engineering Matthews, R. K. Marine Geophysical Services Mauck, Dwight The Pure Oil Company McKenzie, Michael Independent Geologist Nowotny, W. A. British-American Oil Prod. Co. O'Brien, Philip Joseph Shell Oil Company Perkins, Hunt The Pure Oil Company Price, George W. Sohio Petroleum Company Scarborough, Robert E. P. Shell Development Company Sellin, H. A. Mobil Oil Company Souders, P. Barkley Sohio Petroleum Company Speckhard, W. H. British-American Oil Prod. Co. Threinen, David T. Pan American Petroleum Corp. Turner, Gregory L. The Pure Oil Company

Mobil Oil Company transfers M. J. BENDER from New Orleans District Exploration office to Houston Division Exploration office as staff geologist.

W. W. GIBSON, formerly staff geologist at Houston Division Ex- ploration office, has been assigned to Mobil Oil Co. headquarters in New York City in staff work. MEMORIAL

DR. JOHN T. LONSDALE (1895 - 1960)

Dr. John T. Lonsdale died in Austin, Texas on October 5, 1960. To his friends, his profession, and all of his fellow men, he is irre- placeable.

Dr. Lonsdale was born November 8, 1895 at Dale, Iowa. He re- ceived his B.A. degree from the University of Iowa in 1917 and his M.S. from the same school in 1921. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from the University of Virginia in 1924. He was Assistant Professor of Geology at the University of Virginia and Geologist with the Virginia Geological Survey from 192 1- 1924. Later he was Assistant Professor of Geology at the University of Oklahoma and Geologist with the Okla- homa Geological Survey, 1924- 1925. He came to the State of Texas as Geologist for the Bureau of Economic Geology at the University of Texas, 1925-1928. In 1928 he accepted the position of Professor and Head of the Department of Geology at A & M College of Texas. He served in this capacity until 1935, during which time he was most in- fluential in creating stature for the Department of Geology at A & M College of Texas.

Dr. Lonsdale served as Professor of Geology and Head of the Department of Geology, Iowa State College from 1935- 1945. During the period 1942- 1945 he was on a military leave of absence serving as Lt. Colonel and later Colonel in the United States Army. Dr. Lonsdale also served in World War I from 19 17- 19 19 as a First Lieutenant.

Dr. Lonsdale wrote extensively and his numerous publications cover many areas of research in geology. He belonged to the following scientific societies: Sigma Xi, Geological Society of America, Minera- logical Society of America, American Association of Petroleum Geolo- gists, American Institute of Mining Engineers, American Geophysical Union, American Association for Advancement of Science, Society of Economic Geologists, and the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists.

He served on many committees and performed numerous special assignments, some of which are listed below and illustrate the diversi- fication of the knowledge of this outstanding scientist:

Committee for Stratigraphic Nomenclature, 1947. Representa- tive of American State Geologists. Research Committee, AAPG, 1948- 1950. Well Sample Committee, AAPG, 1948- 1952. Chairman, 1952. Business Committee, MPG, 1954- 1955. Committee for Nomination of Fellows, Mineralogical Society of America, 1953. Chairman, 1954. Texas representative on Geology and Minerals Committee, Arkansas, White, and Red River Basins Interagency Committee, 1950 to date. Governor's Committee for Coordination of Topographic Mapping in Texas, 1954--. Mapping Committee, Texas Water Conservation Association, 1954--.

At the time of his death Dr. Lonsdale was head of the Bureau of Economic Geology at the University of Texas, a position he had held for fifteen years.

Texas owes Dr. Lonsdale a particular debt of gratitude for his remarkable leadership in the development of geology in this state at a time when that leadership was so greatly needed. Today, all around the world geologists who received their training and conceptual skill in geology from this brilliant scientist, are saddened by the news of his untimely death. But, they know that his determined imagination and his ability to inspire vision in others probably had as much to do with earth resource development as that of any other single individual. But in Texas, where most of his students started and remained, his mag- nificent influence is felt most. That influence goes back to the 20's when this state was just beginning to achieve its dominant position in the world petroleum picture.

Over and above his great academic leadership, however, Dr. Lonsdale was a man of great spiritual stature - a great idealist. He . thought of his fellow man and he fashioned his leadership to do best for all mankind.

His memory will live in the hearts of the hundreds in this genera- tion who knew and loved him. His influence will be felt by the thousands in future generations who will profit by the many contributions which he has made to fundamental and economic geology. . . .Michel T. Halbouty

NEWS...... &- SOUTHWESTERN FEDERATION OF GEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES & AAP G

The Third Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Federation of Geo- logical Societies and the Southwestern Regional Meeting of the AAPG was held in Abilene, Texas on October 12- 14. The theme "Natural Gas in the Southwestt1was embodied in a series of general papers at Thur s- day morning's technical session and in the selection of field papers. The following papers were published in the TRANSACTIONS of the meeting: Natural Gases of North America, by B. W. Beebe, Boulder, Colo. Structure of the Puckett Field, Pecos County, Texas by Robert J. Hester and R. R. Holland, Midland, Texas. Geology of Certain Gas Fields of the Western Anadarko Basin, Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles, by Robert B. Totten and Paul H. Horn, Amarillo, Texas. Edwards Gas Trend of South Texas, by George R. Pinkley, San Antonio, Texas. Page Field, Schleicher County, Texas, by Jim Weig, Midland, Tex. Natural Gas - Its Value as a Function of Its Chemical and Physical Characteristics, by Otto K. Wetzel, Jr., Dallas, Texas. Oil and Gas in North Central Texas, by Samuel P. Ellison, Jr., Austin, Texas. Oil Accumulations Along Abo Reefing, Southeastern New Mexico, by W. J. LeMay, Roswell, New Mexico. Recent Bell Canyon Exploration in the North Delaware Basin, by Marsh W. Nottingham, Roswell, New Mexico. President of the Southwestern Federation of Geological Societies Wm. M. Tindell, General Chairman Arthur L. Jenke, and Program Chairman Richard R. Bloomer, all of Abilene, put on a good convention. More than 400 geologists registered. Among those from Houston were: Harrison T. Brundage, World Oil Exploration Editor; J. Ben Carsey, Humble Oil Company; Robert W. Grayson, Ohio Oil Company; Gregg Turner; and DeWitt C. Van Siclen, University of Houston.

ABILENE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

The Abilene Geological Society announces the publication of a new volume illustrating in map form the stratigraphic distribution of oil and gas production in the Abilene area. This valuable reference volume fills the need of not only the geologist but also anyone interested in the oil and gas business in the Abilene area. The user need only turn to the area in the county in question to determine the name of the field, producing level, volume, discovery date, etc. The counties concerned are: Callahan, Coke, Coleman, Fisher, Haskell, Jones, Nolan, Runnels, Shackelford, Stonewall, Taylor and Throckmorton. Price of the book is $12.50. It may be ordered from the Abilene Geological Society, Box 974, Abilene, Texas.

G. S.H. COMING EVENTS

The Geophysical Society of Houston will hold its regular meeting at noon at the Rice Hotel on Monday, November 21. Carl Wischmeyer, consultant of Humble Oil Company, will give a discussion on "Filtering and Correlation of Seismic Data. "

Christmas Party at Houston Club, Monday, December 12! REPORTS ON INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS Twenty-First Session Held at Copenhagen, Denmark, August 15-25, 1960 Sponsored by the Nordic Countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden)

From E. H. Rainwater

Nearly 3,000 geologists from 93 countries attended the session in the beautiful city of Copenhagen, the "Cross Roads of Europe. " It is understood that this was the largest convention ever held in this city of more than one million inhabitants, and it was necessary for many geol- ogists to stay in private homes. Thus it was possible for many of us to learn how friendly and hospitable the Danes really are.

The Congress sessions and the field trips before and after the Con- gress were very well organized, and we know what a tremendous effort went into the planning to make the Twenty-First Session an outstanding success. Much of the credit must go to the General Secretary and General Editor, Dr. Theodor Sorgenfrei of the Geological Survey of Denmark. Professor Noe-Nygaard of the University of Copenhagen served as a most efficient President of the Congress, and geologists from each of the five Scandinavian countries assisted with the technical sessions, the editing, and with the planning and leading of the field trips.

The Congress was organized under the following sections:

Geochemical Cycles Geological Results of Applied Geochemistry and Geophysics Pre-Quaternary Absolute Age Determination Chronology and Climatology of the Quaternary The Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary Pre-Quaternary Micropaleontology Ordovician and Silurian Stratigraphy and Correlations Late Precambrian and Cambrian Stratigraphy Precambrian Stratigraphy and Correlations Submarine Geology Regional and Structural Problems in Oil Geology Regional Paleogeography Petrographic Provinces, Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks The Granite-Gneiss Problem Genetic Problems of Uranium and Thorium Deposits Genetic Problems of Ores Minerals and Genesis of Pegmatites Structure of the Earth's Crust and Deformation of Rocks Caledonian Orogeny Applied Geology Other Subjects The Commissions of the Congress which held meetings concur- rently with the technical sessions are:

I. The Earth's Crust 11. The Geological Map of Europe 111. The Geological Map of the World Subcommission: International Metallogenetic Map Subcommission: International Tectonic Map IV . The Distribution of the Gondwana System (Karroo) V. Meteorites VI. Stratigraphy Subcommission: The Stratigraphic Lexicon Subcommission: Stratigraphic Terminology Subcommission: Carboniferous Stratigraphy Subcommission: Quaternary Stratigraphy Committee on the Mediterranean Neogen Committee on-the Terminology of the Silurian and Ordovician v 11. The Study of Clays VIII. International Geological Abstracting Service

The following Associations and Scientific Societies also held meet- ings during the Congress:

International Paleontological Union As sociation of Sedimentology International Association of Hydrogeologists International Mineralogical Association The Geochemical Society and the Geochemical Commission of IUPAC Joint Symposium Association des Services Geologiques Africains Committee for the Second International Symposium on Arctic Geology Micropaleobotannical Meeting. Organized by G. Erdtman

Many geological excursions before and after the Congress were conducted to areas in the Nordic countries of special interest to geolo- gists. In addition to the organized excursions, some private field trips were offered to small selected groups.

The papers presented to the Twenty-First Session of the Congress are published in 22 paper-bound volumes which correspond to the 21 Sections, plus a volume on "Proceedings of the International Paleonto- logical Unions." The volumes measure approximately 6% x 9% inches, and the combined thickness is about 9 inches. In addition there is a "Volume of Abstracts." It is to the credit of the Organizing Committee that all of the Proceedings papers were published prior to the 21st Session of the Congress.

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3005 Buffalo Drive Box 13277 142 1 Esperson Bldg. CA 8-841 9 Houston 19, Texas Houston 2, Texas - JOHN L. BIBLE HAROLD L. GElS Gravity-Magnetic Surveys Consulting Geologist Interpretations 1045 Esperson Bldg. 2 123 Bank of the Southwest Bldg. Houston 2, Texas Houston 2, Texas

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JACK COLLE 8. J. "Bill" LADAS Consulting Geologist Drafting * Base Maps * Surveying & Paleontologist Lease Checks 91 1 Son Jacinto Bldg. Texas & Louisiana Bldg. CA 4-1 2 15 Houston 2, Texas Houston 2, Texas C. T. MacALLlSTER C. H. SAMPLE Consulting Geophysicisf Consulting Geologist

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GEORGE N. MAY & ASSOCIATES FRED L. SMITH, JR. Consulting Geoldgists J. T. GOODWYN, JR. & Paleontologists Consulting Geologists Not Mouton Bldg. CE 4-3379 1226 Bank of the Southwest Bldg: Lafayette, Louisiana Houston 2, Texas - W. B. McCARTER A. H. WADSWORTH, JR. C. E. McCARTER Geologist Independents 1415 Sul Ross 402 Texas National Bank Bldg. Houston, Texas Houston 2, Texas -- R. B. HOHLT DAVIS M. WALLACE Geological Consultant lndependent Exploration-Exploitation-Valuation 241 1 Bank of Southwest Bldg. 1625 Bank of the Southwest Bldg. CA 2-0081 Houston 2, Texas Houston 2, Texas

R. B. MITCHELL J. C. WALTER, JR. lndependent Geologist-Petroleum Engineer

1418 First City National Bank Bldg. 2202 Esperson Bldg. CA 7-1 246 Houston 2, Texas Houston 2, Texas

JOHN C. MYERS GEORGE F. WATFORD Consulting Geologist G. R. HlNZ Consulting Geologists 1207 Bank of the Southwest Bldg. 833 Bankers Mortgage Bldg. Houston 2, Texas Houston 2, Texas CA 7-6935

WALTER J. OSTERHOUDT JAMES A. WHEELER Exploration Geophysicist Consulting Geologist & Geologist P. 0. Box 3 182 151 4 Esperson Bldg. Durango, Colorado Houston 2, Texas

SAM M. PENA HERBERT E. WILLIAMS Consulting Geophysicist Geologist Oil Producer

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GI NTHER, WARREN AND COMPANY TEXAS GULF SULPHUR COMPANY Abstract: The Cement Bond Log, A Sonic Method for Analyzing the Quality of Cementation of Borehole Casings, by M. Grosmangin, F. P. Kokesh, and P. Majani *

Determining the quality of cementation of the casing in oil wells has, in the past, involved inflow and circulation tests to insure that the producing zones are adequately sealed off from the adjacent zones. Existing logging methods, such as temper- ature and radioactivity surveys, may detect the presence of cement behind the casing. However, the qualities of the cement, i. e., its hardness and, in particular, its bond to the casing, are not indicated.

The new logging method described in this paper operates on the principle that the attenuation of a sonic pulse transmitted by a casing is greatly increased when that casing is bonded to an outer an- nulus of hard material (such as set cement) which has a sonic wave velocity substantially less than that of the casing.

The down-hole tool contains a source of recurrent sound pulses which are detected by a receiver spaced a few feet from the source. The amplitude of the detected pulse is measured and the resulting sig- nal is transmitted to the surface where it is recorded versus depth. Amplitude is a function of attenuation, and the log is thus readily in- terpreted.

Laboratory studies have shown straightforward relations be- tween attenuation and such variables as source-detector spacing and percent of circumference bonded. It is shown that cement that is not set or not bonded has comparatively little attenuating effect. Field examples show not only the cement top but also the variation in cemen- tation quality below the top, and, further, the increase of bonding with time and after squeeze-cementation is depicted. The detection of poor cement jobs is confirmed by production tests and formation test re- sults.

It is anticipated that the method will have wide application in evaluating cementation quality prior to formation testing in completions and re-completions. The analysis it affords may be an aid in the fur- thur improvement of cementation techniques.

*Paper to be presented before the Society, November 14, 1960, by Mr. F. P. Kokesh. Review:-- - . The Climate of the Oil Industry and What It means to Geologists, by Ed J. Hamner

You heard it -- some of you!

By permission of Frank Gardner, for the Oil and Gas Journal, we reprint from the September 19, 1960 issue of the Journal. We think every geologist should have heard Mr. Hamner's talk and take this opportunity to bring to many some of the highlights and the challenges presented by Mr. Hamner.

Astraight-talking Houston geologist last week pointed to an alarm- ing drop in the number of college students taking geology and exhorted his fellow geologists to make their profession a stronger force in the oil industry.

Ed J. Hamner, a director of the Humble division of Humble Oil & Refining Go., delivered his gloves -off speech to the Houston Geological Society.

"Exploration in general has never accepted full responsibility for the economy of its operations, I' Hamner said, "and until it does it will never be accepted by the rest of the industry as a full partner. 'I

"We cannot survive as a profession if we are content to be regard- ed as a luxury to be offered only when times are good and be put to pasture in other times. 'I

Here are some of the caustic proposals Hamner made to geologists:

...Don't be aloof from other component parts of the company. "The day for the ivory tower approach is gone. Geologists must look up, assert themselves, and above all become a real part of the team. "

. . .Geologists should learn something about economic principles so that, as they advance into supervisory positions, they can back up their geological thinking with sound thoughts on budgets--and the value of the dollar.

. . .Geologists should move more strongly into reservoir engineer- ing. Their training in interpreting reservoir conditions, complex structures, and fault patterns is generally more thorough than that of petroleum engineers.

. . .Young geologists should be willing to serve an apprenticeship working in the oil fields. "Geologists of the last decade were on the whole highly disdainful of serving any kind of apprenticeship. " Shrinking enrolment . . . The past 5 years have seen a drastic drop in enrolment of geology students at major universities.

Hamner made a study of enrolment at the universities of Oklahoma, Texas, and Louisiana State. Since 1955 geology enrolment at Texas has dropped 7070 and at the others 7170.

Worse still, the number of freshmen and sophomore geology stu- dents has dropped an average of 8370 in the three institutions.

Not so bad - but still discouraging - are the statistics on geology students in graduate schools. Texas has dropped 1670, Oklahoma 26%. and Louisiana State 570.

While it is true that industry is hiring fewer geologists, Hamner said the "pendulum has swung too far" in the colleges.

"It is strongly feared that too much discouragement has been of- fered to men who would really like to study the science of geology," he said. "If this decline in enrolment trend continues - and there has been no abatement since 1955 - by 1964 the three schools mentioned will be training only a handful of geologists. 'I

Kamner saw a silver lining in the cloudy picture: Today's geology graduates are lllcely to be more dedicated, capable, and qualified than their pampered predecessors of a few years back.

"Geologic schools all over.the country became crowded in the late '40's and early '50's with students, many of whom sought only to pros- titute the science for material gain from jobs which they thought to be easy and careers which they thought would be lucrative, " he said.

"Few were actually dedicated to the science. The study of geology seemed easier than chemistry, physics, or engineering. Many wanted training periods in major company laboratories in order to equip them- selves to go on their own and become rich.

"If there is a lesson to be learned here, it is this: We should never encourage a young man or woman about to enter college and pre- pare for a life career to study geology, unless we feel he will really dedicate himself to the advancement of the science with a willingness to share any new knowledge with the world. "

The declining industry . . . Hamner cited statistics showing the decline in industry operations during the past 5 years. To geologists the de- cline means "unemployment, layoffs, greatly reduced employment of new geologic graduates, as well as the feeling of job insecurity by many. " From Ed J. Hamner - Cont'd

Ironically, part of the trouble stems from success.

"We have worked some of our brother scientists out of their jobs, " he said. "In the last decade, we have found 36.4 billion barrels of oil in the United States - 10 billion barrels more than we produced. Now we find ourselves in a condition of great oversupply. Our ability to produce efficiently is much greater than our demand. "

This condition, however, should not prevent companies from con- tinuing their search for oil.

"I should like to strongly urge all companies to retain as much of their exploration manpower as possible and to at least replace attrition with the well qualified young graduates coming on. " He concluded:

"Failure to explore means eventual liquidation. I'

Abstract: The Broad Earth Science Objectives at Rice University, by John J. W. Rogers*

The earth science program at Kice University is planned to give both graduate and undergraduate students an understanding of the basic concepts of geology and related sciences. Graduate work involves a rather small number of courses, and students are integrated as closely as possible with research activities of the faculty. Current research projects involve geochemical investigations of thorium and uranium (including absolute dating of bentonites), and geophysical studies of earthquake seismology, artificial seismic investigation of the earth's crust, and laboratory measurement of the velocity of fracturing. Pa- leontologic and stratigraphic studies have been conducted in the Gulf Coast area, the Pahranagat Range of Nevada, and selected formations in central and western Texas. An investigation of paleoecology and recent sedimentation is being started off the coast of British Honduras, and the northern part of the Caribbean region is the site of research activity on island arc structure, stratigraphy, and igneous activity. Sedimentation studies have also involved the textures of clastic rocks, particularly the significance of their grain size distributions. An in- vestigation is currently in progress using electron microscopy to study the properties of chert. Effort is continually made to integrate the work in various fields of study.

*Presented at the meeting of the Geophysical Society of Houston on October 17, 1960. Dr. Rogers is on the faculty of the Geology De- partment of Rice University. Reports on International Geological Congress - Cont'd from page 10

From E. H. Rainwater (Cont'd)

It is beyond the scope of this note to comment on the numerous papers or the guidebooks to the geological excursions. There is a wealth of geological information in the published volumes, but there was also many stimulating discussions which are known only to the geologists who were present.

Nearly one-fourth of the geologists who attended the Copenhagen Congress were from the U.S. A. Houston was very well represented, and three papers were presented by members of the Houston Geological Society:

E. H. Rainwater, the official representative of the Houston Geological Society, spoke on "Paleocene of the Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States of America. "

R. C. Murray presented a paper entitled "The Petrology of Pore Space in Carbonate Rocks. "

Dr. Robert Greenwood of the University of Houston, presented a paper entitled "Sedimentary Boudinage in Cretaceous Lime- stones of Zimapan, Mexico. "

Invitations to hold the International Geological Congress in 1964 were extended by India and New Zealand. A vote by the delegates ac- cepted the invitation of India.

From Wayne F. Bowman, Sr.

My wife and I spent some six weeks traveling in Belgium, France, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Denmark. Sweden, Norway and Eng- land. Part of the trip was made in company with a group of Houstonians - the W. A. Thomases, Gill Bergs, Joe Adlers, Martin Millers, Larry Vittrups, Carleton Speeds, G. W. (Mike) Hunts, with their son and daughter, Rafton and Nancy, and Mrs. James (Vera) Brooks. Also in the party were the Guy E. (Squire) Greens from San Antonio, E. B. Wilsons from Roswell, New Mexico, the Cecil D. Robinsons of McAllen, Arthur H. Petsch of San Antonio and Miss Alva Ellisor from Galveston.

You will note that these are mostly geologists and their wives. The main destination of the group was Copenhagen, Denmark to attend the International Geological Congress, August 15th to 25th. Since this meeting is reported in detail by others, it will not be covered here.

We traveled by air jet to New York. By ship "Liberte" to Le Havre, France. From Le Havre we went to Brussels, Belgium, where we met the above group. They went by air jet to Amsterdam, then by bus to Br us s els . Brussels is a beautiful city with hanging flower baskets and build- ings of the old architectural lines. Some evidence of the Worlds Fair in 1958 is still to be seen. From Brussels we traveled via American Express Company itinerary, mostly by bus.

In Paris we saw many places of historic interest, museums, cathe- drals, Palace of Versailles, and of course the shows. From Interlaken, Switzerland we took a trip by cog railway to Jungfraujoch (pronounce it for yourself), high in the Alps. The scenery is almost unsurpassed in beauty. In Lucerne we joined in the celebration of Switzerland National Independence Day, August 1st. We listened to the singing of many na- tive and yodelling songs. Toward the end of the program I was sur- prised when a large birthday cake was set in front of me, and the Master of Ceremonies announced '!we will now sing Happy Birthday to

Wayne Bowman of Houston, Texas, U.S. A. 'I Some 600 people sang "Happy Birthday" in seyeral different languages.

In Oberammergau, Germany, we attended the World famous Pas- sion Play. Every body thought it was wonderful and I guess it was, but I had to read the English translation about as fast as I could to keep up with what was going on. I liked the play better in Florida where I could follow the action as it was spoken in English.

After the show at Oberammergau the group dispersed, each going his way to meet again briefly in Copenhagen. We went to Salzburg, Austria where we, with the Vittrups and Arthur Petsch, visited the old fortress Hohensalzburg, Hellbrun Castle and Hitler 's hideout at Ber- chesgaden.

In Nuremberg, Germany we saw a beautiful, rebuilt city which had been 92% destroyed during World War 11. From there we visited the old Walled City of Rothenburg.

From Wiesbaden, Germany we took a boat down the Rhine River to Cologne. From the boat we saw many old castles that had been built and occupied during the middle ages. On the Rhine we saw hundreds of ships loaded with commerce. It evidenced a beehive of industry.

In Cologne we saw a modern newly rebuilt city that had largely been bombed out during World War 11. In Cologne the new buildings were all of modernistic design, whereas, in Nuremberg the buildings had been reconstructed in the old type architecture.

In Copenhagen we attended the International Geologic Congress and did some sight-seeing. Of most interest was the Rosenborg Castle where the Crown Jewels are stored. We also visited Fredericksborg and Kronsborg Castles. A monument of interest was one erected to Goddess Gefion with her four oxen. Legend has it that Goddess Gefion was promised as much of Sweden as she could plough in one day. Changing her four sons into oxen, she set to work and ploughed 1500 square miles in one night. That is supposedly how Sealand came into being .

From Copenhagen we went to Stockholm, Sweden, a beautiful city of islands, lakes, and canals. About 90% of the population live in apart- ments. The City Hall is probably one of the most beautiful in the world.

In Oslo, Norway we visited a museum of Viking Ships. Kon Tiki Raft, and the Fram. The Vikings inhabited the country from about 800 to 1,000 A. D. Kon Tiki Raft was used in 1946 to float an Archaelogical Expedition a distance of some 5, 000 miles from Peru to the Polynesian Islands in the Pacific. The Fram Ship did exploring in the Hudson Bay area of Canada during the 1890's.

From Oslo we took a three day trip through the beautiful Fjords to Bergen. Bergen is an old seaport city which is located in a low area among seven hills.

We flew from Bergen to London. In London we visited Westminis- ter Abbey, St. Paul's Cathedral, London Towers and Buckingham Palace. We took a trip through Oxford to the Shakespeare country. It is a beautiful farming area. The people of the Shakespeare country are dead sure Shakespeare wrote all the works he is generally credited with, but some others do not seem to be quite so sure of it.

We had a wonderful trip and enjoyed it to the fullest. Throughout our visit, we found the people to be generally industrious, intelligent and friendly. We saw no evidence of poverty or illiteracy. They could spot an American and would go out of their way to be helpful.

They were interested in our politics, and don't let Mr. Kennedy tell you that we are losing prestige. I see in a recent paper that Mr. Eisenhower is thinking of pulling our Army out of Europe. We hope he does not do that. Over there they believe, with good reason, that if we withdraw our Army they will be taken over in a very short time.

We went over there with the idea that we could spot Americans from looks. After standing on the streets of Brussels and several of the other cities watching pedestrians, we decided that it cannot be done. Those people look just like Americans to us. There might be possible exceptions to this in Paris.

Since returning home many have asked which of the countries we liked best. Since we are partial to scenery, the answer is the Swiss Alps, and the Norwegian Fjords.

The weather was not good for taking pictures, due to a hazy at- mosphere, and our pictures are not up to par. However, we did take a lot of pictures which we can project on the screen. If anybody is in- terested, we will be glad to show them. From George Hardin

The Congress was attended by approximately 3000 geologists from 93 countries, including such unfamiliar places as Bechuanaland and Cote D'Ivoire. Even the new Congo Republic sent four delegates.

The largest contingent, 896 geologists, came from the U.S.A. Seventy-nine geologists, most .of whom were scheduled to give papers, pre-registered from the U. S. S. R. but most of them failed to appear. This was possibly because two weeks prior to the I.C.G. one of the U. S. S. R. geophysicists attending the Geophysical Congress in Helsinski is reported to have attempted to defect - unsuccessfully. At any rate, delegates had to be content with reading the pre-prints of most of the U. S. S. R. papers when the speakers failed to show up.

The Technical University of Denmark was the headquarters for the I.G. C. Technical sessions were divided into 21 sections and papers from seven to ten of these were given simultaneously in various lecture rooms. This made it rather difficult to attend all of the papers that one wanted to hear, but was necessary because of the large number of papers presented. All of the papers were pre-printed, and upon regis- tering, each .delegate was given a complete set of the 21 volumes con- taining the papers. These volumes filled a cardboard box of about one cubic foot and the postage back to the U.S. A. was about seven dollars.

E. El. Rainwater of Houston presented a paper titled "Paleocene of the Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States of Americattto Section 5 on The Cretaceous - Tertiary Boundary. Though Rainy and a number of others gave excellent papers on this subject, the problem of the Cre- taceous - Tertiary- Boundary was not completely settled to everyone's satisfaction. But of course no other problem considered at the Con- gress was completely settled to everyone's satisfaction - probably be- cause it is difficult to find -two geologists who agree, and when 93 countries are represented, the task is insurmountable.

Most of the Houstonians who left here to attend the Congress tra- veled rather extensively throughout Europe before going to Copenhagen. A number even showed up for some of the technical sessions and sev- eral went on one or more of the field trips through various parts of Norden. Needless to say, one can hear a great many "tall talest' from the "European Travelers" who attended the Congress. Possibly the most interesting come from those who toured parts of Russia or other countries behind the Iron Curtain.

From Sidnev A. Parkans

I was impressed by the tremendous amount of pure research in Geology. This research was not restricted to any specific country or to any particular national group. It indicated the insignificance of political boundaries in geological thinking. However, the central and eastern land mass of Asia was a complete blank insofar as papt. rs were concerned. There were none. The Americans held their own in every respect.

There seemed to be a lack of papers concerning research in petro- leum geology. I do not know whether this indicates that all that can be said has been said, or that the research now going on in petroleum geology has failed to indicate any significant changes in our present day thoughts. Many of the papers were purely factual innature.

I was amazed at how helpless I was in keeping up with the various authors in terminology and subject matter. I think this indicates a failure to expose ourselves to geology as a whole. It also reveals how restricted the thinking of a working geologist can become.

The facilities for the Congress were excellent. The papers were published in twenty bound volumes according to subject matter. The majority of the papers were presented in English, even by theRussians. Of course, being in Copenhagen did not detract from the enjoyment of the Congress!

NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GRANTS TO RICE UNIVERSITY AND UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON

The National Science Foundation has awarded grants totaling al- most $79, 500 to Rice University and the University of Houston for use in research in geology and physics.

Two grants totaling $11,500 have been awarded to Thomas W. Don- nelly, Associate Professor of Geology at Rice University and a member of the Houston Geological Society. One of these grants is for limited field and laboratory comparison of certain volcanic rocks of Lower Ordovician rocks of Wales with similar rocks studied in the West Indies. The second, and much larger, grant will be used to finance two and possibly three PhD investigations in Puerto Kico. Studies will be di- rected at an understanding of the Cretaceous tectonic evolution of Puerto Rico and the relation between tectonics and contemporaneous magma types. One of these PhD problems will be an investigation of an Upper Cretaceous limestone unit. An attempt will be made to make a paleogeographic and tectonic synthesis based on modern concepts of carbonate facies distributions. Dr. Edward Purdy of the Rice faculty will participate in this project.

A two-year grant of $36,700 will be used by Harold E. Rorschach, assistant professor of physics, for use in a study of low temperature physics. Max F. Carman, associate professor of geology at the University of Houston, has received a research grant to make a petrographic study of the alkaline igneous rocks near Terlingua, Brewster County, in West Texas. The grant is for $29,500, most of which is for the pur- chase of x-ray diffraction equipment. Dr. Carman's study involves detailed field mapping and will emphasize x-ray and optical analysis of the alkali feldspars in the laboratory. The x-ray equipment employed in this work is also a powerful tool in the study of clay minerals.

Dr. Carman studied geology at U. C. L. A., where he received a bachelor's degree in 1948 and a PhD in 1954. He spent a year at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, studying metamorphic rocks as a post-graduate Fulbright Fellow. Dr. Carman has been on the staff at University of Houston since 1954. He recently returned from two years in Brazil, where he assisted in establishing a school of geology for Petrobras, the Brazilian National Petroleum Company.

G. C. A. G. S. ANNUAL MEETING

The Tenth Annual Meeting of the G. C. A. G. S. held in Biloxi, Mississippi, October 19-21, was a great success. Over seven hundred and fifty delegates attended and over two hundred and fifty delegates were accompanied by their wives.

The technical program contained many excellent papers, which fill 302 pages of the Transactions. Keynoters Frank Gardner, Oil and Gas Journal, and John Winger, Chase National Bank, each gave challenges to the Geologists--the former that the Geologist has much oil and gas yet to find, and the latter that the Geologist and his collegues in the petroleum industry must better understand the competitive position of the industry - oil oil vs. gas, of oil and gas vs. coal, and, to a lesser degree, water power - in the fuel energy market.

G. C. A. G. S. Transactions, Vol. X, will be available at Cambe Log Library, 718 Milam Street, Houston, Texas. BYERS EXPLORATION COMPANY HOMCO

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