News, Vol. 28, No. 1

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Alternative title Zimbabwe News Author/Creator Zimbabwe African National Union Publisher Zimbabwe African National Union (Harare, Zimbabwe) Date 1996-12-00 - 1997-01-00 Resource type Magazines (Periodicals) Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Zimbabwe, Southern Africa (region) Coverage (temporal) 1996 - 1997 Source Northwestern University Libraries, L968.91005 Z711 v.28 Rights By kind permission of ZANU, the Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front. Description Editorial. Cover Story: Party reaffirms commitment to people's wishes. 1997: Economic power to the people. National News: Nkomo condemns intra-party squabbles. Muzenda on Party discipline. Primary elections to stay. More join informal sector. Blacks giving up farms. Constructive criticism welcome. Viewpoint: Strikers miss the point. Women's Affairs: Women on the march after Be jir. League consolidates national unil. Call for unity among women MPs. I Write As 1 Like: Highlights of 1996. Business News: No going back on economic empowerment. Representation of Africa in the IMF and World Bank. Health: Age of majority and AIDS. Regional File: SADC states can be the "Lions of Africa". Sport: Urigt is of the "Roys in Blue". Poetry: Who am I. Obituary: War veteran dies. International News: Kofi Annan — Seventh United Nations Secretary-General. Format extent 28 page(s) (length/size)

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http://www.aluka.org ZANU PF

ZANU PF Unify. Peace and Develooment The people's *OoTime is running out Zimbabwe News Official Organ of ZANU PF Dep1uwtmentof Information and Publicity, 144 Union Avenue. I-ar'e Cel: 790148 Vo\ .une 28. N, I 1996.Registered at the G.PO as Newspaper DEC 1996- JAN 1997 $2.50 (incI. sales tax) wishes *Blacks giving up farms * i/ The life story ISquabbles in ZANU PF/ of Dynamos

Zimbabwe News Official Organ of ZANU PF Contents Editorhil Cover Story National News Viewpoint Women's Affairs I Write As I Like Business News Health Regional File Sport Poetry Obituary International News Party reaffirms commitment to people's wishes...... 3 1997: Economic power to the people ...... 5 Nkomo condemns intra-party squabbles ...... 6 M uzenda on Party discipline ...... " ...... 6 Primary elections to stay ...... 7 More join informal sector...... - ...... 8 Blacks giving up farms ...... Constructive criticism welcome ...... 9 Strikers miss the point ...... 10 W omen on the march after Be jir.g ...... I League consolidates natirial un,: ...... Ii Call for unity amo:lg v omen M Ps ...... 12 Highlights of 1996 ...... 14 No going back on economic empowerment ...... 16 Representation of Africa in the IM F and W orld Bank ...... 16 Age of majority and AIDS ...... 18 SADC states can be he "Lions of Africa ...... 19 Oiig.,s of the "Boys in Blue ...... 20 W ho am I ...... 20 War veteran dies ...... 21 Kofi Annan - Seventh United Nations Secretary -General ...... 22 ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. I Zimbabwe News is the official organ of the Zimbabwe African National Union ZANU PF and is produced on the authority of the Central Committee by the Department of Information and Publicity. Jongwe Printing and Publishing Co.. No. 14 Austin Road, Workington, Harare World Copyright, Central Committee (ZANU PF) Editorial Council: Cde. N.M. Shamuyarra, Cde. C.C. Chimutengwende, Ode. C. Ndhlovu, Cde, S. Kachingwe. Cde. A. Sikhosana.

Editorial Looking to the future ZANU PF, Zimbabwe's ruling Party, was born out of the unity of PF ZAPU and ZANU (PF) in 1987. These two movements spearheaded the national struggle that brought about the independence of the country in 1980. Therefore, ZANU PF is not any ordinary political organisation. It is a revolutionary Party that was tempered by the experiences of a long and arduous struggle. Given this history, the conclusion one gets to is that there is no other political party in the country that would be more suitable to lead the nation into the 21st century and beyond! than ZANU PF. Its track record has shown that it is Zimbabwe's political Party of yesterday, today and tomorrow. During the two day National People's Conference held in from December 12 to 14, the Party was able to assess the past and envision the future.' From the way that the Presidency conducted proceedings in which over 5 000 delegates representing the ten provinces of the Party were participants, it underlined the democratic nature of ZANU PF. Contributions on political and economic issues affecting the nation were made by the leadership, delegates and specially invited guests such as permanent secretaries of government ministries. The debates unequivocally condemned intra-Party factionalism in Manicaland and Masvingo and called for discipline and respect amongst members. The government was asked to proceed with more haste in redressing the land issue. The Conference endorsed the indigenisation of the economy and, called for a more aggressive appi'oach to programmes aimed at creating employment. A call was made for the improvement of education, health and social welfare, and the Party was asked to play a meaningful role in the fight against AIDS. The delegates agreed that the economic status of war veterans must be improved. The transparency that transcended discussions which were all centred on grassroot feelings reflected the Party's determination to strengthen its role as the vehicle for the revolutionary transformation of our society for the better. Whea delegates emerged from the conference, they were more united than ever before behind the leadership of Cde President Robert Gabriel Mugabe. This did not please the enemies of the Party. They were hoping for disorder. They wanted to see division. They were looking forward to delegates not upholding constitutional requirements and discussing issues which were irrelevant. They could not believe that such -democracy which sincerely took into account the feelings of the urban and rural folk in the country existed in ZANU PF. The Second National People's Conference was significant in that it left the people of Zimbabwe in no doubt as to which Party was to be the custodian of their destiny. The next century is only three or four years away depending on whether you measure your -date as January 1, 2000 or 2001. It is therefore essential that the Party is kept fully and correctly informed of the thinking of the masses. Their mood must be closely monitored as they are the implementers of the policies of the Party and government. The success of Vision 2020 lies in the Party's ability to effectively mobilise the people. Zimbabweans were mobilised before and rose against colonialism and won. They can do it again. Let us rise once again for this final onslaught that will see us achieve economic independence. ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO.1

Party reaffirms commitment to people's wishes r JQ 7,,'ntil- ,,i r rh I NO 0CEVELOPMENT, I1% Cde. R.G. Mqabe cfemngig with Cdes T Lesabe and D.'Mutasa at the Bukawayo Coeqre ANU PF has once again affirmed Its commitment and loyalty to the fulfilment of the aspirations and wishes of the mases by sed'ously a tending to their problems and concerns, delegates to the Second National People's Conference in the City of Bulawayo were told. The Conference, held to review progress In the implementation of resolutions adopted at the1 994 Congress and the Inaugural 1995 Harare Conference, thus vowed to work with renewed vigour towards the improvement of the living standards of the people. Presenting a Central Committee Report to the Conference, the President and First Secretary of the Party, Cde Robert Gabriel Mugabe, reminded delegates to continue playing a positive role in the consolidation of the country's hard-won independence, unity and peace. Land High on the agenda was the land issue, a subject of compelling interest amongst ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 thousands of landless black people in Zimbabwe. It was the desire to repossess their land that the people waged Chimurenga, the war of national liberation. However, during the first 10 years of independence, the Party and government could not act decisively on the issue owing to a prohibitive clause in the Lancaster House Constitution of 1979. The clause limited efforts by the Party and government to give land to the people. Land could only be acquired on the willing-seller-willing-buyer basis. But now is the time to act and the Conference agreed the issue had to be resolved once and for all. To this end, the Central Committee Report said that national and provincial. structures have been put in place to identify land for acquisition and subsequent allocation to the peasants. The national Land Identification Committee is headed by Party chairman, Cde Ioseph Msika and comprises Cdes , Kumbirai Kangai, Naison Ndlovu, Chen Chimutengwende and the late Cde Garikayi Magadzire. The provincial sub-committees are headed by local governors and comprise the provincial Party chairmen, provincial chairpersons of the ZFU, and senior provincial civil servants from the Ministries of Local Government, Rural and Urban Development; Agriculture, Lands and Water Resources and; Environment and Tourism. in the same vein, Cde Mugabe dispatched a Ministerial delegation to London last July to go and emphasise to the British Government their obligation yet partially met, to continue with financial aid in the land acquisition and resettlement programme as the people's patience on the need for fair redistribution of land was waning fast. Under the Lancaster House Agreement, the British made an undertaking to extend financial assistance for the purchase of land or compensation to those whose land would have been identified for resettlement. Unfortunately, the assistance was suspended in 1989. *A British Land Appraisal Mission that came to Zimbabwe last September recommended in its report the followIng October that the willing-seller- willingbuyer system should continue. However, the ruling Party's Central Committee turned that down. All the same, the Conference was told that during the past 12 months (1996), * the government purchased a further 6 126 hectares on the willing-sellerwilling- buyer basis, bringing the land acquired to 3.5 million out of a targeted hectarage of 8.3 million. in addition, 11 million hectares of land were identified for possible acquisition. Accordingly, provincial teams will now be proceeding to identify land for immediate acquisition. Indigenisation The Central Committee Report stated that economic empowerment of African enterpreneurs was not only morally imperative and politically expedient but, constitutes an essential and indispens*Continueu on next page CO erStor 1 w i

Party reaffirms commitment to people's wishes p President R. G. Mugabe addressing people at Mzilikazi's grave in Bulavtzb during the second ZANU PF National People's Conference oContinued from previous page able element in the very survival of the nation. As such, noted the Central Committee, the government has taken sigfIficant steps towards the creation of an enabling economic environment. "We must stress that indigenisation is part of a national economic development programme which seeks to ensure the full participation of all citizens in guaranteeing the creation of a stable 'socio-economic system," read the Report adding that it was hoped the long-awaited comprehensive indigenisaIon policy would be operational by the niddie of 1997. In this regard, a draft Trust peed for the establishment of a National Investment Trust was, at the time'of the Conference, ready for consideration by the Govern- ment. It was hoped that the Trust would 6 operational by the end of the first quarter of 1997. Unemployment This remains one of the major problems facing the ZANU PF Government. At present, 30 percent of the total labour force is unemployed and the figure is on the increase. -in an effort to create more jobs, the Conference agreed to accelerate indigenisation of the national economy, increase shareholding capacity for the locals and ensure that the afore-said. Trust. is established. The multifaceted approach in alleviating the unemployment crisis would also entail lending the much needed financial ,support to co-ops deemed viable as well as strengthening the informal sectbr. The latter already engages more people than those in the formal sector. AIDS Upon the attainment of independence in 1980, the ZANU PF Government vigorously transformed an elitist health delivery system to embody the citizenry en masse. The government noted that by the year 2000, every citizen would have unhindered access to medical care with most of the traditionalkiller diseases such as measles, polio, and tetanus taken care of. But with the advent of AIDS, that proclamation now appears in jeopardy. HIV/AIDS victims presently take up an approximate 80 percent of the total hospital bed capacity and more resources have to be diverted to the fight against the menace. The projected number of full-blown AIDS in the country is bout 150 000 with the HIV sero-prevalence amongst women attending antenatal clinics pegged at more than 32 percent as at December 1995. Tuberculosis incidence rose from 5 000 annual notifleation in 1995 to more than 30000 in 1996.The Conference agreed to increase HIV/AIDS awareness campaign programmes in liaison with various governmental and non-governmental bodies already engaged in the activity. Party activities Delegates.to the Conference ,were told that primary elections will continue but modalities shall lie wolced out to stop quarrels from emanating from the exercise. T-e decision to tluly compensate exdetainees and prisoners was resolutely adopted while the issue of who is a hero appears to have been finally settled. Every individual who participated in the armed liberation struggle is a hero and will thus be accorded all benefits commensurate with the status. Registration andcomputerisation ot the Party membership has to be speeded up while the restructuring exercise must be attended to as a matter of urgency. Factionalism was condemned and-senior Party members were equally criticised for fanning factional politics in their respective provinces. Cde and Kumbirai Kangai, leaders of two rival ZANU PF factions in Manicaland were soon to appear before the Presidency in an effort to end the division. Plans to establish another province in the Mashonaland region fell through after the responses from the country's 10 political provinces rejected the idea of creating a Mashonaland South Province. The Conference was attended by well over 6 000 delegates. El ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 2R Nt I

1997: Economic power to the people r s year should see a greater Z a in the indigensation of the cnomy as 1996 was only a planning year, the President Cde. Robert Gabriel Mugabe told guests to his end-of-year reception at State House on new year's eve. He said 1996 was regarded as a planning year because real indigenisation along various lines must come this year. This would entail equitable redistribution of land to empower the majority of the population who are still rural and peasant and, urging muldnational companies to open up to locals. Cde.. Mugabe said some of the conglomerates had offered local South Africans shares in their businesses which meant that they could also extend simi lar invitations to people in Zimbabwe "I want to appeal to larger companies; the multinationals - Anglo- American, L nrho, Rio Tinto, UniLever, et cetera; to restructure themselves in such a way that there is that participation in them. Infact, these companies have gone on for years in our country without reckoning that time will come when the indigenous population will want a saysome say in them." He observed: "if you take De Beers (in Botswana) and De Beers is diamonc mining, it's 50-50 with the Government of Botswana. When we said to AngloAmerican 'we would like you to think of opening up at least one company or mine to the blacks', they were stunned if not completely baffled. In response, they said to us 'but there is no company in this country which has trained blacks to the same level as we have done, we have black management at a very high level everywhere!' "We said we realise thaythat has happened but we would like to see even that black management being empowered by being given a share in the .ownership of the enterprises that you run, and if you are doing this in South Africa, why shouldn't you do it here?" Hehowever, said that while the government wanted to see many indigenous people acquiring shares in its parastatals which are being privatised, there' was also need to accommodate techni-~. _.. & i I& M & wi't- to no Iko By Zvenyika Kambizi cal partners. These, said the President, could be relied upon to transform the system of production and make it more effective. He added that the government will continue to do its best in creating resources that can be utilised for black economic empowerment prograrhmes. Racial harmony On agriculture, Cde. Mugabe said there was need for the Ministry concerned to increase its supervisory capacity to further enhance productivity in communal lands. "We can, I think, grow twice qs much maize if not thrice as much if i the inputs were to be found and agriculture was done properly. I don't think we are supervising it as effectively as it should be supervised," said the President. Nonetheless, Cde. Mugabe was quick in pointing out that he appreciated a growing level of communication between communal and commercial farmers. "I have seen this and recently I was in Mashonaland Central, in Chesa, where I noticed this and I was ififormed there that the cooperation between com-* munal and commercial farmers was very good indeed." Noting that commercial farmers have greater knowledge, capacity, ability and greater means, the President said such cooperation builds an understanding and rapport that the government would like to see between races. "You see, the majority of the commercial farmers are white and the majority of the communal farmers, if not all of them, are black. That interactidn and cooperation, that partnership, that friendly relationship is very welcome and I am sure it will lead to better relations in the future," he said. AIDS President Robert Gabriel Mugabe also spoke on the HIV/AIDS pandemic and called on the family unit to use its influence so as to help curb the spread of tke killer disease. 1 l We inccorectly referred to the previouis issue as Volume 27 No. 12. It was infact, Volume 27 No. 11, November issue. We would also like to take this opportunity to inform our readers that we have combined the December 1996 and January 1997 issues into one - Editor. Nkomo condemns intra-party squabbles Staff Writer de. , recently called upon all ZANU PF members to put aside their apparent petty intraparty squabbles and concentrate on examining and coming up with lasting solutions to the country's long standing problems which include the land issue and the indigenisation of the economy. Addressing delegates to the ZANU PF National People's Conference held in Bulawayo, from December 13-14, 1996, Cde. Nkomo said he would like to see an exhaustive debate on the land question and resettlement. He urged the party to come up with well defined sitrategies to redress the imbalances in land distribution in accordance with the country's population ratios. He noted that currently, the white minority have more land than the black majority who are the owners of the country. 'This anomally should be rectified in an amicable manner that will see us distributing our land resources equitably and still be able to co-exist with. our white colleagues. For 16 years we have failed to deliver on this issue with the same determination and ruthlessness that Cecil Rhodes used when he took our land. "You are also aware that our National Economy is still in the hands of the. minority. Many of us have been talking about the indigenisation of the economy at every opportunity without really addressing the fundamental issues. We still have not been able to come up with a policy framework and guidelines on indigenisation. I therefore challenge this forum to assist the government in the formulation of this outstanding policy framework and guidelines," Cde. Nkomo said. On the issue of job creation and unemployment, the vice-President noted that there was need to examine them in the broader context of the state of our national economy, indigenisation and wealth creation. He added that a closer look should also be taken at the informal sector and see how it can be assisted to sustain itself and create more employment opportunities. The vice-president reminded..delegates that, failure to offer lasting solutions to the country's problems would result in the leadership losing "the confidence C. Jbua M. Nkomo and support of the people who voted us into power". He also took the opportunity to assure people that he is well on his way to full recovery and will soon be up and about. He expressed his sincere gratitude and his family's appreciation for the tremendous support that he received from His Excellency, President during his long illness. EJ Muzenda on Party discipline Staff Writer "If you examine the goings-on in the said, with some groups erroneously party you will find that various struc- porting unsuitable candidates, for r tures at all levels - cells, branches, dis- sons that are not in the interest of I tricts, provinces, central committee and party. When those in the party res the Politburo - are infested with per- he said, divisions occur and this lei ~sonal attacks and indiscipline. This has to factionalism. He noted that some resulted in independent candidates win- these indisciplined leaders end up in ning local government and pariamen- High Court, giving evidence against I tary elections. Examples are the Sun- party. ningdale parliamentary election, the Mu- Cde Muzenda reminded delegates t tare and Masvingo mayoral election the libqration war was won bela problems," he said. thn. bhnwaonw thw wtn nal , Cdr. SWm V Muzendif C -second Secretary and VicePresident of ZANU PF, Cde , has noted that the party has lost good discipline and that personal attacks within the rank and file of the party are Qx. the increase. Cde Muzenda who was addressing delegates at the Bulawayo National People's Conference also gave as an example, some ZANU PF Members of Parliament who he said oppose party policies and attack ministers. He informed delegates that many MPs have virtually set themselves up as the official opposition of their own party and Government. He said this kind of behaviour showed that discipline was lacking. Indiscioline has been carried further, he up eathe ads of the the htat use rlha. ciplined and had organised structures that worked. He said now that we are under normal political conditions, the party should have complete structures, a situation he said is not prevailing at the moment. "The success of the Patriotic Front was based on sound discipline. It was through good discipline that the struggle was waged and won. it was also through good discipline that thefirst 9qfnntinued on next page ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1

Primary election T he ZANU PF committee which had been tasked by the Central Committee to review the conduct of primary elections is now working on a regulatory framework to guide the exercise. The regulations would soon be forwarded to the Party's Legal Committee which would ensure that they do not contravene provisions of the constitution. Thereafter, the regulations will be presented to the Politburo and subsequently to the central committee for approval. Chaired by the Party's Secretary for Finance, Cde , the committee's other members were Cdes Cephas Msipa, , R. Marare and C. Chizema. Established in December 1995, the committee's task was to make recommendations pertaining to the desirability of either maintaining or modifying party primary elections. Its establishment was. necessitated by the increase in divisions and acrimony among party members during and after elections. The divisions .are said to be more pronounced in some provinces than others. Mizenda on Party discipline *Continued from previous page election was decisively won. It is therefore fair to say that if there had been indiscipline neither the struggle nor the election' would have been won. "I feel very strongly about the need for discipline within the party. In my view, it was the prevalence of discipline, organisation, a strong sense of justice and fairness that won the struggle and the elections thereafter. Now I fear that we as a party are losing the people's interests. We promise to attend to their developmental needs but never even go back after we are elected. People are asking - what is ZANU PF doing for our development? Failure to answer such a question leads to party leaders making tricks during primary elections," he noted. He urged delegates to the conference to seriously address the issue of indiscipline in their provinces. f] ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 By Ladislus Ndoro In its report to the Bulawayo National People's Conference, the committee recommended the retention of primary elections saying that it was the only democratic way of choosing party candidates for elections. It is in this view, that the committee is now working on a regulatory framework to ensure that primaries are free and fair to the gener. al membership of the party and that they could be held without causing divisions among members. To arrive at this decision, the committee -collected and analysed numerous complaints and reports from provinces and districts as well as affected and interested individuals. A questionnaire was also compiled and sent to members of the central committee, provincial councils, National Consultative Assembly in their individual capacities and district committees. The responses received showed that the majority of party members support the holding of primary elections when choosing candidates. Of the 4 134 members who responded, 3 113 supported the continuation of primaries and only 1 024 were against. The committee however, castigated some party members for not taking their duties seriouply. With the exception of Matebeleland South$ Manicaland and Mashonaland West, the rest of the provinces returned less than half of the questionnaires sent to them. The comqiittee hoped that the membership computerisation exercise being done would improve the situation because it will bring about well defined party districts. During the exercise, the committee received a number of complaints which included the creation of districts with insufficient people than required in order to divide some constituencies in favour of their prefefed candidates. In some areas voters were transported to vote outside their constituencies. It was also noted that some election supervising members were baised since they favoured certain candidates. The committee pointed out that some members were allowed in the polling election venues while others were barred ostensibly ihrough a vetting process. The committee also noted that most areas did not have lists of voters. Where s to stay Committee chairman. Cde. Limerson Mnangagw'a they were available they diftered from those that came from provincial offices and some were even prepared on the day of voting. In some areas illiterate voters were given slips that had already been marked. Some candidates were also reported to have given new members money to buy cards on the day of elections to enable them to vote. It was also alleged that some Politburo members gave conflicting instructions as to who should and could not vote which created problems in the voting process. Children who were claimed to be members of the Youth League were also allowed to vote. It was also noted that in some areas, voting was not secret because the presiding officers could see voters' choices. This brought undue influence on the voters. Reports of bribery were also received. Some candidates paid.a lot of money to members in an Attempt to win their votes. In some cases, voters were threatened with either loss. of jobs, houses or life if they did not vote for certain candidates. The committee said it is this manipulation of the voting process which leads to divisions and that at the end of the day, some undiscPlined party cadres who would have lost primaries end up standing. as independents. The regulatory framework being worked on is expected to arrest all these problems. The President and First Secretary of ZANU PF has already announced that the party will stick to primary elections in choosing candidates for Local Government and Parliamentary elections. n LN' ational Ne, s

More join informal sector By Zvenyika Kambizi Cde.' the country continue to chum o.thousands of high school graduates who can not find em ployment due to the little per annum growth of the economy, more and more people are turning to the informal sector. About 300 000 young men and women complete their '0' level studies every year; of these, only 90 000 can be accommodated in tertiary training, find jobs or proceed with their education. Because the majority (about 50 percent) are left with nothing to do, the informal sector remains the only hope for salvation. In 1992, there were 1.2 million people in the informal sector while the formal sector also employed the same number of people. But owing to ESAP which hbs since seen many retrenchments and business closures, the formal sector employment came down drastically by 1994 while those in the informal sector rose by 25 percent tb over 1.6 million.. Today, it is estimated that the nonformal sector employees well over 2.3 million people. Addressing .delegates to the Bulawayo Conference, the Minister of National Affairs, Employment Creation and Cooperatives, Cde. Thenjiwe Lesabe, said it was because of this growing significance of the non-formal sector that her Ministry was vigorously working on facilitating an enabling environment for the promotion of the sector. as even more people, were bound to come in. The Ministry has, however, realised the following hindrances to the develop- ment of the informal sector; unconducive legal environment, poor provision of physical infrastructure, poor access to technology, marketing constraints, inappropriate institutional infrastructure and inadequate research and information dissemination. To correct the situation, the Ministry has come up with the following which now await implementation: enhanced development of enterprise culture programmes, legal guarantee schemes and other forms of credit facilities, pro-. vision of guaranteed markets for goods and services, provision of workspace, training in applied and business management skills, business advisory centres, linkage and mentorship programmes and, subcontracting. In this development, it-was the same Ministry which negotiated with -the Ministry of Local Government to fafilitate the establishment of people's markets which include comer shops, street markets, flea markets and cottage industries. And to co-ordinate execution of the above .activities and many others, the Ministry played a supervisory role in the formation of the Zimbabwe Informal Sector Association (ZISA) which was launched on November 15 1996. The Association will protect and promote all informal economic activities; mobilise technical and financial resources and; help members link up with formal companies, training institutions and carry out market evaluations. Delegates to the ZANU PF Conference in Bulawayo were also told that the Ministry has successfully negotiated for company take overs by the workers. Exampies are Spring Cabinet and Alarm Security. The former started as a co- operative of retrenched workers but has now grown into a large and strong commercial company enjoying. both local and export markets. The Ministry of National Affairs, Employment Creation and Co-operatives is also running and Employment Creation Fund which was established in late 1995. The Fund assists emerging businesses to procure capital goods and also provides working capital at a concessional 12 percent interest rate. The Fund was set up with a capital base of $1.5 million. All the money has, now been disbursed to 56 projects spread all over the country. This development has created 265 direct jobs. Most of the projects were now repaying funds loaned to them by the Ministry. The Ministry, however, lamented lack of commitment on the part of those who allocate financial resources to Ministries as. it felt that its budgetary share is not enough. The Ministry was allocated $82.1 million in the 1996/97 financial year which was far less than what it said was required to boost employment creation programmes. 0 ~Staff Writer ute contrary to the cherished obectives of black economic empowerment and indigenisation, the umber of blacks selling off farms is on the increase, the Minister of Lands and Water Resources, Cde Kumbirai Kangai, told the Bulawayo Conference. According to the -Minister, this unfortunate situation was Miostly due to financial constraints as the indigenous farmers were faced With hefty debts owed to the Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC) and other institutions. "During the period under review (year 1996), ! got 138 offers from blacks who could not carry on their business oper*Continued on next page Cde. Kumbirai Kangai ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 I N,, q/C Wind 5l itawm *oldq Wk ree WvA~ch Ift"

SConstructive criticism welcome Staff Writer I , ational Secretary for Informatio N and Publicity, Dr Natha £ Shamuyarira, welcomed cor structive criticism from delegates to th recent ZANU PF Second National Pe( pie's Conference held in Bulawayo. Speaking in an interview with this magi zine from his Industry and Commerc Ministerial offices in Harare, D Shouyarira said the Bulawayo Confe ence was marked by mature, constru tive criticism from delegates who spok against factionalism, the need to resolv the land crisis once and for all and urge the Party and Government to mov swiftly on the issue of indigenisation c the economy. Delegates to the Conference criticise senior Party, members for fanning fa( tionalisrn in their respective province as they sought to consolidate their pc litical positions. However, they wer *Continued from previous page ations because of financial problems said Cde Kangai, adding: "This matti comrades, needs our serious attentic if we want to achieve the goals of blac economic empowerment and indiger sation of the economy." Jniterms of Section 47 of the Land A quisition Act (Chapter 20:10) an& Stati tory Instrument 297 of 1992, all run land on sale is first offered to tl Minister of Lands and Water Resource If the government has no interest in t offered land, a certificate of no preser interest is issued. This then enables tk seller to dispose of the land to any thiz party. Cde Kangai complained of the meagi budgetary allocation to his Ministr which was $23 million in the 1996/9 financial year - enough to acquire on] three farms with a hectarage of 6 12 during the period under review. He however, said that his Ministry we in the process of acquiring 52 310 he, tares of land through compulsory acqu sition. He begged the government to a locate him in excess of $50 million i the coming financial year. n reminded by the President and First n Secretary of the Party, Cde Robert I- Mugabe, to examine themselves first e and see if they were also not to blame o- in the process before pointing fingers at others. a From the debates on various issues tae bled at the Conference, Dr Shamuyarira ,r noted that it was clear that delegates r- were losing their patience over the land question. As such, he said, the ZANU PF e Government would move decisively and e effectively to resolve the issue which has J been the major grievance amongst the e people since the Union Jack Flag was If hoisted in 1890. Describing the spirit as being very high ,l amongst the delegates to the Conference, Dr said: "We s had expected 5 000 but 6 850 delegates I- turned up. The number swelled to as e high as 8 000 including invited guests Cde Kangai reminded delegates of the high unbalanced land distribution pattern which was 15.4 million hectares er (over 47 percent of the total farmland) in for the large scale commercial farmers :k at independence. Small scale commerii- cial farmers of about 8 500 of them, had 1.4 million hectares (over 4 percent) Dr Nathan Slataityarira and this shows just how enthusiastic people were about the Conference." The venue for the next Conference will be announced in due course, he said. 0reserved for them while 16.4 million hectares (49 percent) were reserved for 700 000 communal families. The target set in the 1990 land policy is 8.3 million hectares for resettlement meaning that .the Ministry is still to acquire 4.5 million hectares of land. ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 Zimbabwe News Subscription Rates (Please tick a box to select your term) ZIMBABE . 121-es(Iy-sr)$30-00 . 6laxns(6snoa)$15-C0 SEaSONA L I 2 1 1 (1 Y-5) US$37.20 o 6lseas(6-sont)U UJS11.40 OVERSEAS (M.,um) o 12 ius (I your) US$37.60 . 61S-- (6 -eft) US$21140 NAME: ...... ADDRESS: ...... NATU RE...... THsE ORT~t INCLI IDFlm P(WTRCE ANID ISANI IrNES I enclose my chequeo Postal ordero For the ilount Indicated above Mall to: The 0roo.6uon Mmsger. The People's Voice, P.O. Box CY3206. Causeway. 144 Union Avenue, Harsse. Tel: 7901481/9.

V UEivl ~ iUIIpU IolbInEl Strikers~~~ ...is ''h,- ~ cenuy, workers in Zimoaowe d day kept the wheels of inand commerce turning despite cals that had been made by the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) for a two-day national collectivqjb artinn to vrotestjg#Itt _goverrner. sacking of unior doctors and -nurns It is Important to state here that unfortunately, this was the second time that the ZCTU has made a serious error of Judgsment. and consequently failed to mobilise and get the support of workers on a very controversial indust& dispute,. Labour and general social observers will recall that in June 1992, the labour body also made a blunder when it unsutcessfully called for a national strike against the radical and controversial amend.ments that the-government had-made to the labour laws. Apough we consensus at that time among labour activists and sympathisers of the workers' cause was that the amendments were hbstile to the worker, the ZCrU's call for a national strike drew a blank because the ill conceived COn ttal approach that the labour bod's leadeiship ,d adopted lacked broad-based grassroot su%ort. It is a well-known fact in labour circles that the militart approach that the ZCTU adopted at that ing caused great injury to its relations with the government. A. developmerit which later proved detrimental to the worker. Neediess to say, corfrontation between the goiernment and the ZCTU goes ag..nst tho..rmon good of the cause of the worker. It must Je borne in mind that it suits the agenda of capitalist forces for animosity to prevail among forces that champion the aspirations and concerns of the worker. Sadly, the zCTU leadership has failed to draw some lessons from the experiences of the past and appreciate the eistence in our society of forces that would like to cause division, confusion.and hatred amongst forces with a common interest in the worker's struggle. This is why-the labour body's leadership is unable to conceptualise issues and take an informed- courseof action that would not only suit the tastes of its rank and file but would also be in.harmony with the aspirations of our society. In my opinion, in response to the industrial action by nurses and junior doctors, the ZCrU should have been the first or- ganisation to condemn the stnke m une with basic tenets of responsible trade unionism because the health workers 'embarked on the murderous strike at a time when their demands were still on the nliotiating_ table. Although I sympathise with the workers and support the use of industrial action because without this weapon, it would be difficult to balance the positions of power in the world of work, I however, strongly believe that that instrument should be used onl$, when necessary. Particularly, when the employer's attitude is hostile to the whole process of collective bargaining and the values of good labour relations. Now every keen labour observer who has followed developments in the public sector in terms of labour relations would agree with me that the govern*ment has shown that it is committed and appreciates the virtues of having a positive attitude towards the whole ;process of collective bargaining.This is why dialogue on labour matters is also allowed to take place at a very high level. Only recently, Vice-President Cde. Simon Muzenda met with a dele1gation from the ZCTu to discuss ways :of finding peace to the crisis prevailing in the public secor' industrial relations. In view of the government's positive attitude.towards dialogue with its employees one Wonders why civil servants are opting for confrontation. What was extremely disturbing in the strike by the junior doctors and nurses was that it was mainly the poor members'of our society who rely exclusively on. government institutions, for health services who'suffered. That the health workers used their patients as bargaining chips demonstrated the existence of a significhnt moral. bankruptcy in the health profession in Zimbabwe. On the other hand, one of the most unfortunate development was that some opposition groups attempted to accumulate some political capital from the industrial dispute. Some of their members demonstrated in the streets of Harare and accused the government of being insensitive to the welfare of civil servants and the patients who were dying in government hospitals as a result of the industrialauion. It is aLsd alleged in some quarters that some opposition politicians and their 'sympathisers worked hard behind the curtains, giving moral support and ure ing the bealtlworicers to continue with we collective job action until the government bowed down to their demands. in explaining such an unpatotic stance, some political observers argue that opposition groups in this country were now prepared to use any instrument that could help to bring the Government d wn on its Jcnees. Given that th~er is substance in the foregoing observations, labour activists should guard against being manipulated and being dragged sub-consciously into fighting for causes which have noth.. imtgto do with the welfare of the worker. As I see it, Zimbabweans would have paid attention to statements made by members of-the opposition groups on the industrial dispute only if these organs had a track record of fighting for the welfare of the masses. Unfortunate-, ,ly, their record betrays them. For example, the World -Bank and the International Monetary Fund continue pauperising millions of the local populace through their harsh policies but no social group including the opposition parties have tkerr to the streets to demonstrate agars these devilish prescriptions. lroncially, the intensive demands for better remuneration packages in the pub. lic sector are coming at a time when the country is battling to reduce the highly unacceptable budget deficit Against this background, representatives of the civil servants should make their demands with the size of the available cake in mind. The Government therefore, should not allow itself to 'be pressurised into agreeing to demands which can not be met by the available resources. In the same breath, if the ZTU is to contribute to the restoration and sustainance of industrial harmony in the public sector, then it should ensure .its public statements do not contribute to the hardening of attitudes and the triggernR of industrial chaos. In conclusion, let me state that labour activists should be aware that Zimbabwe is not at all short of political opporunists ready to turn a purely industrial dispute into a political issue for their own selfish ends. As such, to the opportunists, the many deaths 'recorded during the dispute represent a significant step towards the fulfil iet of their political agenda. Indeed, we-should always be aware that there exist amongst us, people so bad. ly blinded by their own personal agenda that they appear to be surviving on brrwed human feeling. 0 ZIMBABWE NEWS voL. 28 NO. I

Women on-the march after Beijing By Emmah Nxumalo. T he morale of Zimbabwean women has been uplifted and their social consciousness has been enhanced by the Beijing international conference. The Beijing declaration arid experience provided a major turning point for many women. After Beijing, .the Indigenous Business Women's Organisation (IBWO) was launched. It is led by a dynamic and successful business woman, Cde. lane Mutasa who is supported by a strong team of business women. The untimely death of Cde. Zinyama, however, removed one of the key figures from the new and ,rowine organisation. The energy and dynmism of IBWO contrasts sharply with the declining Association of African Women's Clubs which has degenerated into a a dog fight between Cde. Sekai Holland on one hand, leading a'splinter group and. Cde. Betty Mtero on the other. he year 1996 saw the ZANU PF Women's LeaglA6 re-affirming its commitment to the Unity Accord of 1987 by moving away from the norm and holding its National Executive Council and National Assembly meetings outside Harare. For the first time, meetings were held in Bulawayo, Mutare and Masvingo. In its report to the National People's Coni ference held in Bulawayo, from December 13-15, the League said the meetings gave members the opportunity to interact and share experiences. The meetings also gave members the opportunity to know and understand each other better. The League hopes to continue holding its meetings in different provinces even though it is costly. The League -strongly condemned factionalism, favouritism and unethical behaviour during primary elections. It urged members of both the League and the party at large, to learn from previous experiences and to refrain from being used. Members were also advised to stop fighting for the same leadership. positions. "We urge all our members to be disZIM-JABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 The Association used to be a strong and powerful organisation of women in the past. It used to engage in many and useful development proiects for women. Vulnerable groups When the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP) was started, the Party and government recognised the vulnerability of women and children. Subsequently, efforts were made to cushion them from the effects of the programme. The view is nonetheless that Zimbabwe has entered the second phase of ESAP without much material change in the practical position of women. The eftects of persistent droughts have not helped the situation. At the last national assembly of the ZANU PF Women's League, the economic plight of women was discussed at length. It was decided then that a revolving fund be established. It will be set up in -each ciplined. The Women's League is particularly concerned with the effects of primary elections on the Party membership and we call for a serious re-look into this concept. Primary elections breed independents if not done properly and all the League's provincial leadership agreed that they are the root cause of problems in the party," the report noted. Turning to income generating projects, the report said the League has already established a revolving fund and that provinces have already raised $20 000 from the $1 000 seed money. The Zimbabwe Women's Investment Association (ZWiA) was also established to enable members to benefit from the OMA Bank Capital Project, which was launched by the President, Cde. Robert Mugabe on November 8, 1996, The League has also continued to join other women's organisations in programmes aimed at improving their standing in society. Its members participated in several workshops on domestic violence and abuse, discrimination and unfair practices against women and on civil, legal and constitutional rights for women. The report noted that much work needed to be done in the review of marriage and inheritance laws. ] province through money raised from members of the League who will be requested to contribute $ annually. Fund signatories will be the charwoman,. secretary and treasurer. The fund will be used as collateral to guarantee bank loans or, placed in financial institutions to generate interest which can be used to finance income generating projects. League leader, Cde. Thenjlwe Lesabe, told the national assembly that the fund will give members the opportunity to participate in economic development programmes and give women in the provinces access to the much needed financial resources. In turn, employment opportunities for both women and their children will arise. Cde. resabe has approached lBWO and mobilised other credible women's groups to join in the effort. Transport In order to improve the material and OContinued on next page For news behind the headlines, buy a copy of Zimbabwe News every month at your nearest newsstand. League consolidates national unity Staff Writer omen in southern Africa should 1 unite and speak with "one voice" regardless of party affiliation, to strengthen women's empowerment at policy decision-making levels in their countries. The challenge was made by participants to the United Nations Women's Fund (UNIFEM) 20th anniversary colloquium recently in Harare. Members of the women's movement, parliamentarians, diplomatic corps and representatives of donors from within and outside the South African Development Community Region (SADC), attended to discuss and understand the realities of women and gender in the region. The colloquium, whose theme focused on issues relating to women's economic empowerment and achievement, was also a platform for sharing experiences and ideas on the way forward while taking stock of progress since the Beijing conference on women last year. As Gita Honwana Welch, UNIFEM's. regional programme advisor for eastern and southern Africa said in her opening speech: "The celebration of UNIFEM's twentieth anniversary, comes a year afier the Beijing conference. It is a year now since our common vision was reaffirmed in Beijing." She challenged participants' drawn from Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, to the two-day gathering to advance common strategies and move from words to action. This process has already begun in some countries in the region. In Tanzania, for instance, the Beijing Platform for Action has been translanted into Kiswahili, while the Botswana government has adopted a gender policy. In South Africa a woman's budget has been introduced in the government to help uplift the status of women. Pregs Govender, an African National Congress (ANC) Member of parliament in South Africa, explained how women parliamentarians in that country came up with the idea of a women's budget. The women's budget is gender sensitive and takes account of issues that contribute to poverty among women when allocating funds for government's annual expenditure. "The women's budget raises the question of needs and values, bearing in mind that the poor who are mostly women have grown in numbers," said Govender, who explained that the Government of National Unity has agreed to incorporate it into the national budget. She said this budget gained public and government acceptance because it was spearheaded by women parliamentarians, who formed the committee on the quality of life and status of women, which Govender chairs. Other women in the region were inspired because there is a general consensus that poverty is increasing and women are suffering the most. Other issues relating to women's em- powerment include: women's access to and control over resources, gender and violence, women in industry; and manufacturing and trade, which are critical areas of concern on the Beijing Platform for Action. The executive secretary of SADC, Dr Kaire Mbuende re-affirmed the need for the regional organ to address the challenges women face in their daily lives. "The contribution of women to development in the region is pivotal," he said mking reference to the fact that even though women in the SADC region provide 70 percent of labour for food production, their contribution is not counted at all. SADC, he said, was in the process of establishing an in ,nal appropriate structure to facilitate programme design and' implementation of gender issues. Bingu Wa IMlutharika, the secretary general of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), echoed similar sentiments. He said women play significant roles in industry and trade and are becoming increasingly important in the service industries such as the legal profession, banking, transport and medical services. "It is therefore unrealistic to envisage trade and development and indeed regional-co-operation and integration without the full participation of women." In *.her presentation, Ana Loforte, a *Continued on next page !WIme onl tke mIarchY after Beij ung. *Continued from previous page to transport in the provinces. economic position of women, it is important that financial resources be put in place. But, the national assembly noted that one major aspect of that development, especially in the rural areas, is the lack of adequate transport. The assembly felt that the Party could accelerate rural development by givirg each province a landrover specifically for the use by League. members in supervising and setting up viable projects. At the present, members have no access Primary elections queried The assembl' queried the value of primary elections and appealed to the Party leadership to look again at this practice (this has been done). Many unpleasant situations have emanated from the exercise: divisions and power struggles. Chancers and opportunities have used .the occasion of primary elections to penetrate the Party using money and Patronage - fanning tribal and regional flames in the process. The League felt that firm discipline was required in the Party. Opportunists, they said, should not be accommodated as they only sought to enrich themselves and satisfy personal egos. The Women's. League has always felt that more women should be appointed to Party and government posts. At the last meeting, the call was Tepeated. One delegate who is a member of IBWo, enumerated five companies in which the government is a shareholder that do not have a single women on the board of diretors. cs ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. I Call for unity among won MPs] BY Grace Kwinjeh

Call for unity among women MPs *Continued from previous page researcher with the Mozambican ottice of the Women and Law in Southern Africa CWISA) highlighted the plight of women in accessing and controlling resources within the family. Although the constitution ot Mozambique guarantees equal rights and protection for all citizens irrespective of colour, creed, religion or sex, these have not been achieved because sociocultural and constitutional systems have undermined these rights. Dr Athalia Molokomme, leader of Emang Basadi, a non-governmental organisation in Botswana which is working to im- prove the status of women by lobbying policy-makers for gender sensitive laws, stressed in her paper on Power-sharing and Democracy, that political conimitment by governments was the key to gender equality. She urged women to form vibrant movements which would keep pressure on governments to "commit themselves both to the theory and to the practise of gender balance." Stressing that, "a democracy without women's participation belongs to the past," Molokomme said governments should be made to include more worn- en in their cabinets to increase participation of women in decision-making. Noting that women suffered most in times of hunger, droughts and political conflicts, the meeting challenged SADC to include women in the regional food security initiatives as well as in economic and political empowerment. Among others, participants recommended that UNIFEM and partners develop a communication strategy to publicise the Beijing Platform for Action in local languages to widen understanding of gender issues by various groups of society thereby increasing visibility for women: (SARDC) 0] ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL 28 NO. I P.O. Box 5988, 144 Union Avenue, Harare Telephone: 790148/9, 668431, 664749, 668951 -9 The People's voice ADVERTISING RATES N.B. CHARGES REFER TO A CENTIMETRE COLUMN Display advert ...... $17.00 Entertainm ent ...... $19.50 V acancy ...... $17.00 G .V .T. Notice ...... $17.00 Sports Clubs and Charity Organisation ...... t ...... $13.00 Ear Space Front Page ...... $195.00 Ear Space Back Page ...... $130.00 COLOUR RATES Please note these rates are additional to normal rates) 1 Spot Colour...;...... $350.00 2 Spot Colour ...... $700.00 3. Spot Colour ...... $975.00 Full Colour...... $1365.00

T he two day ZANU PF Party National Conference ended in the nation's second largest city Bulawayo on Saturday the 14th December, 1996 with a call from the first Secretary and the President of the Party, Cde. Robert Gabriel Mugabe to the 8 000 delegate party leaders to among other aspects carry out the following tasks earnestly: - intensiy the party restructuring exercise by facilitating growth of the party on the one hand while guarding against manoeuvrings of opportunities which if unchecked would destroy the party from within. - inculcate universal party discipline from the cell organ to the Presidency. - be good losers and magnanimous winners of primary elections in local and Central Government elective offices by espousing a broad or national focus and not a parochial approach so as to consolidate the democratic process by ensuring transparency and accountability in the party. - Effect spedy general indigenisation of the economy through practical operational vehicles (e.g. proposed Natfonal Investment Trust, indigenous Agency et cetera) - embark on massive land lresettlement since the available land for resettlement has already been identified by the National Land Identification Committee chaired by the ZANU PF National Chairman and Minister without portfolio Cde. . consolidate the virtues of political peace and unity. From all accounts heard from various quarters the 'Bulawayo from National Party Conference has been unprecedented in the degree if its overall success and frankness of debate. That aspect alone is further testimony to the dynamism of the ZANU PF party endowned with a leadership that submits itself to a no holds-barred conference process and internal criticism. While on this point we will do well to recall that 99 percent of those President Mugabe was addressing were full-fledged chairpersons of districts and even provinces in their own right. The question is do they also tolerate a critical dialogue with their juniors - those they lead in their respective organs. if they can criticise the very top echelons of the party but are beyond criticism themselves, then they should not absolve themselves of the internal disease of intra party factionalism that is affecting the party. Apart from the just ended ZAN U PF National Party Conference, this article has set as its task the discussion of other major developments that took place in the course of 1996. Another momentous occasion was the 30th March, 1996, when President Robert Mugabe was inaugurated as Zimbabwe's Executive President for a second six- year term of office. That followed his triumph at Presidential polls held over a two day period on, the 23rd and 24th March, 1996. A central party of this campaign manifesto was the provision of land to the people. In less than a year he had done a lot towards the fulfilment of that electoral promise. More concrete details of progress recorded so far was spelt ,6Yt to delegates at the just ended National party conference. The gruelling two months campaign enabled proposals and policies for the next six years on the one hand and appreciates the aspi.rations and, admittedly, rising expectations of the people on the other. During that campaign it became increasingly desirable for the party to create conditions that will harness the energies and capture the imagination of the nation as a whole to adopt a more participatory role in national affairs as opposed to a receptor one. Put simply qualitative and quantitative progress will best be attained when all people with a stake in the country begin to focus on what they can do for Zimbabwe rather than rely on what the President, Politburo, Ministers and Executive Mayors and councillors can do for them. The participatory culture is a positive approach which can go a long way into overcoming the incessant scourge of intra party factionalism that is currently tormenting the party because it demands inclusion and shuns exclusion of the other view. On the 18th April, 1996, the nation celebrated its 16th Independence Anniversary from British Settler colonialism only to wake up the next morning with tears running down its cheeks. Cde Zororo Duri a member of the ZANU-PF Central Committee, an unassunung intellectual and ex-combatant had lost his life in a road accident in the evening of 18th April near Rusape en-route to Miitare from Harare where he had attended independence celebrations. A ViceChairman of the Zimbabwe Development Corporation Board, the Late Cde Duri had been named Zimbabwe's Ambqssador Designate to Cuba and was preparing to take up his Diplomatic post to this dose ally of Zimbabwe which assisted our liberation effort and continued to offer educational assistance after independence. The nation mourned the fallen comrade dearly and gave him a burial at the National Shrine befitting the hero that he was. Two of Cde Dur's daughters had perished with him in the accident. He was survived by his wife and daughter. To be buried at the National Heroes Acre following his death dn the 2nd June, 1996, was Cde Solo Maimbodei, another member of the ZANU-PF Central Committee, died on the June 1996 who because of the deterioration in his health due to wounds sustained in an ambush by the Rhodesian forces during the liberation struggle. On the same day Cde Malachia '*Mabii Basvi Madimutsa, a nationalist, freedom fighter and prolific writer on national issues passed away and was declared a Provincial Hero. in August, 1996, government services were stretched to the limits if not grounded by a three week-long general strike by civil servants who were demanding a 20 percent cost of living *Continued on next page ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 Highlights of 1996

Highlights of 1996 salary adjustment in addition to other allowances. The strike failed to attract sympathy from the local media. The main reason of the strike, a demand for 20 percent cost of living salary adjustment was accepted by'Government as party of its decision to award 60 percent cost of living salary adjustment to Civil Servants over a three year period with effect from July, 1995. Follo nullification of results of Coundl elections for Masvingo,'Bulawayo and Harare, as a result of complaints by the opposition Forum Party, the High Court ordered that fresh elections be held in these cities. In all cases the party leadership selected the same candidates to represent it in the various cities and captured all the seats available in Masvingo and Bulawayo the party, ZANU-PF did not face any opposition and won unopposed. However, Cde Solomon' Tawengwa for ZANU PF, was challenged by Kempton Makarnure, an independent candidate for Harare's Executive Mayorship. ZANUPF won the elections for the Executive Mayor of Harare by a large margin. 'However, the challenger lacked the grace to concede defiat, citing alleged irregularities and even threatening to nullify those results yet again through court action. These are the opposition candidates in the country, people who vehemently clamour for multiparty democracy but refuse to accept the results if those they are challenging defeat them! Up to 20 000 Zimbabweans. and many more well wishers travelled to Kutama College on the 17th August 1996, to witness the marriage of President Robert Mugabe to the amiable Grace Marufu ' now the nation's first lady. This was a joyous occasion which took enormous organisational skills to cater for the numerous guests who exceeded the estimated 6 000 invitees three fold. The benefits that the nation derives from the counsel and inspiration of the First Lady are emomous. This notion was not lost to most Zimbabweans, dignitaries and foreign well wishers who all celebrated the event merrily and sent numerous messages of joy. President Joachim Chissano of Mozambique was the best man while several Heads' of State in. and around Southern Africa attended the ceremony. Congratulations and well done once again Cde. President and Amai Mugabe. 15th-18th September saw the nation host the World Solar Summit at the Harare international Conference Centre under the Chairman of President Mugabe. A more momentuous occasion took place on the 17th September, 1996, when Summit participants adopted the Harare (Solar) Decaration airni at giving hope to the lives of 2.4 billion peo- pie in 400 million homes spread over 61 countries. The centre piece of the World Solar Programme (WSP) is the endeavour to improve the lives of poor rural communities and other marginalised societies by providing them with clean adequate renewable energy. This energy factor will transform these communities from deprivation to self sustenance initially and to meaningful players. in the mainstream of their respective national economies in particular and the global economy in general thereafter. Shortly afterwards, Harare was a host to the G1 5 Summit whose main thrust was to enhance intra G77 trade among the developing countries. Experiences of the newly industrialised economies of Brazil, India, Singapore and Malaysia are wnrth emulating. 21 st October, 1996, saw the commencement of a six-week long strike by nurses and junior doctors who were calling for increased risk and other allowances. Harare and Bulawayo residents suffered most in the strike in which the goveminent was generally sympathetic to health personnel in as much as it was concerned about the plight of the sick. However, local media reports appeared to show more concern with the strikers at the expense of the plight of the patients. All in all the year 1996 had on the balance a lot to smile about. Not to forget a good harvest the nation enjoyed and prospects for more in 1997. 0 ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. t Zimbabwe News, Subscription Form (Please Tick a box to select your term) Zimbabwe 0 12 issues (1 year) $22.50 0 6 issues (6 months) $11.25 Regional 012 issues (1 year) US$30.00 0 6 issues (6 months) US$5.00 Overseas (Europe) 012 issues US$40.00 0 6 issues (6 months) US$20.00 N am e: ...... A ddress: ...... *...... ,...... *...... ;**,v ...... o... ,...... ,...... :...... S ignature : ...... THE RATES INCLUDE POSTAGE AND HANDLING I enclosejny cheque 0 Postal Order 0 for the amount indicated above I I Write As I Like I

No going back on economic empowerment n an effort to consolidate and quicken the pace towards the creation of wealth and black economic empowerment, Zimbabwe's leading indigenous businessmen have set up a council whose membership will comprise leaders of individual pressure groups. The Affirmative Action Group (AAG), Indigenous Business Women's Organisation (IBWO), Zimbabwe Farmers Union (ZFU), War Veterans Association, Small Scale Miners Association and other groups accepted the idea. A steering committee is already in place. The late Cde. Garikayi Magadzire was the interim committee's chairman while Cde.'Phillip Chiyangwa is the spokesperson for the Council. Other members are Cdes. Jane Mutasa (IBWO), Charles Hunzvi (War Veterans) and Gibson Munyoro (Miners Association). Cde. Gibson Gono, chief executive of the Commercial Bank of Zimbabwe was invited to act as interim financial advisor to the Council. Operations Amongst the major tasks of the Council will be to negotiate on behalf of members of the acquisition of assets that may be disposed of by the government under the commercialisation and privati- By Zvenyika Kambizi sation programme and, identify the most suitable means of acquiring them. It will also endeavour to assist members with valuations and advice as well as engage in closer dialogue with government companies disposing assets. Co-ordination Thus the objectives of the Zimbabwe Wealth Creation and Empowerment Council (ZWCEC) is to co-ordinate all efforts by individual pressure groups in a practical manner that will ensure viable acquisition of properties and assets by individual business people. According to informed sources, the idea is an emulation of the South African experience which is bearing dividends in no time. Commentators say the Council will help cement ties between individual pressure groups and improve understanding amongst the individual membership of these organisations. In the past, squabbles within and between pressure groups almost stalled progress in pressing for black economic empowerment. In this respect, the Council's founding document clearly states: "It is important to stress that the proposed Council must not be seen as yet another splinter ZWCEC Spokesperson, Cde. Phillip Chiyangwa group or faction of existing pressure groups but as a consultative and coordinating body." Background Proponents of the Council say while the government has expressed its readiness to offload shares in various parastatal bodies to the indigenous businessmen, there does not appear to be an organised "focal point" embracing all pressure groups to which it can refer matters of indigenisation. The Council is expected to become operational in 1997. 7 Representation of Africa in the IMF and World .Bank By Our Economic Correspondent he World Bank (IBRD) is headed by a President and several VicePresidents. The IMF head is a Managing Director and has recently increased the number of Deputy Managing Directors from one to three. One of the deputies, a national of Cote d'Voire, will be responsible for Africa. The ultimate policy making body in both institutions is a Board of Governors composed of countries' Finance Ministers or Central Bank Governors who meet once every year. On a daily basis, decisions are taken by an Executive Board, composed of Executive Directors elected by member countries, big countries, e.e. U.S.A., UK, France, Germany, Japan, China, India and Saudi Arabia appoint their own directors whilst small countries form constituencies to elect an executive director. Africa is represented by two constituencies, one predominantly Francophone, and the other mainly consists of English speaking countries and Mozambique, Angola and Burundi. This year is Mozambique and Zimbabwe's turn to elect an alternate executive director. Our constituency elects an executive director every two years whilst the Francophone constituency elects every four years. The Executive Board adopts certain de- cisions by voting, mostly when there is no agreement. Voting power is determined by a country's quota which is based on the-size and strength of the economy of a member country. Africa's voting power is quite insignificant. The English speaking constituency has been further weakened by the suspension of Sudan's voting rights. The other constituency would also be weakened If current moves to suspend- Zaire's voting rights take effect. The imposition of UN economic sanctions against SQuth Africa disqualified it as an effetive member of the IMF and *Conti., u.'d on next page ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. I

Representation of Africa in the IMF and World Bank *Continued from previous page World Bank and during that period, they appointed a'special representative to look after its interests in both Institutions. When apartheid was abolished it was expected that South Africa would immediately rejoin the IBRD and the IMF and that it would naturally join the English Speaking constituency. An invitation was extended to South Africa to that.effect. A country is, however, free to join any constituency. It is understood that the francophone constituency ajso extended an invitation to South Africa and offered a permanent executive director post if South Africa accepted the offer. it is believed that the French President is taking up the offer with President Mandela. in today's world, where politics and economics follow regional alliances, it was expected that South Africa would boost regional economic and political integration and enhance the region's voice on international fora. It also follows that if. South Africa joins groupings in line with its geographical position, it would be morally bound to accord high priority to issues affecting its neighbours and the region as a whole. The implications of South Africa joining the Francophone constituency should not be underestimated. There are fears that such a move would divert the international interest which South Africa has generated and continues to generate since the abolition of apartheid away' from the neighbourhood. The voice of the English speaking constituency would also be significantly weakened in the IBRD and IMF. Our constituency should aggressively lure South Africa to its membership and such an effort should now involve Heads of State to have an immediate impact. IMF/WORLD BANK AFRICA GROUP I CONSTITUENCY MEMBERS Angola , Botswana Burundi Ethiopia The Gambia Kenya Lesotho Liberia Malawi Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Sierra Leone Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Uganda.' Zambia Zimbabwe *Seychelles is a member of the World Bank Group only Le. for our Constituency. For IMF, it belongs to another group which includes Australia, Kiribati, New Zeala I and other small states. AFRICA GROUP H CONSTITUENCY IN THE IMO AND WORLD BANK P.O. Box 5988, 144 Union Avenue, Harare Telephone: 79014819, 668431, 664749, 668951-9 The People's Voice ADVERTISING RATES N.B. CHARGES REFER TO A CENTIMETRE COLUMN D isplay ad vert ...... $ 17.00 E ntertainm ent ...... $ 19.50 -v acancy ...... $ 17.00 G .V .T . N otice ...... $ 17.00 Sports Clubs and Charity Organisation ...... $13.00 Ear Space Front Page ...... $1 95.00 Ear Space Back Page ...... $ i .0.00 COLOUR RATES (Please note these rates are additional to normal rates) I Spot C olour ...... $350.00 2 Spot C olour ...... $700.00 3 Spot C olour ...... $975.00 Full Colour ...... $1 365.00 ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1

By Ladislus Ndoro he year 1996 saw HIV-related illness accounting for up to 80 percent bed occupancy in the country's hospitals, a situation which left people suffering from other diseases with nowhere to go, the ZANU PF Health Department said recently. In her report to the Bulawayo Conference of December 13-14, ZANU PF Secretary for Health, Cde. Oppah Rushesha said if the situation remains the same, more than 500 000 children will be orphaned by the year 2 000, creating a greater demand on the already stretched Social Welfare. She added that the burden for terminal care was also an enormous strain on the Social Welfare. To this end, her department held several health workshops in 1996, which .were financed by WHO and UNICEF. Cde. Rushesha said the idea of workshops was conceived after it was seen that any effective dissemination of information can only take place through the party, because of its well-organised structure, which go down to the grassroots. Noting that Ads can only be conquered if society adopt positive behaviour, party cadres were urged to participate vigorously in the fight against the disease. It was emphasised at the workshops that the policy of confidentiality was foreign to Zimbabweans and was helping expedite the spread of the disease. Cde. Rushesha felt that Lducation Cde. 0. Rushesha programmes should be designed in such a way that people will be more willing to live with AIDS and behave responsibly. She also urged the media to project the problem positively. This, she believed, can encourage people to declare their infections in public without fear of victimisation. Once people disclose their ill. ness, and the society accept, the spread of the disease will be curbed. It also emerged from the workshops that AIDS should be declared a national disaster and that the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare should come up with an AlC nn ti," p imnlpmpnt d byr AIDS committee under the Presidency which would comprise sector ministers as well as permanent secretaries to coordinate the programme. The department also recommended that cadres should be appointed to represent the party on hospital boards. The department called for the provision of solar panels and telephones at all rural health centres. Of concern to the department was that nursesand doctors have become hostile to patients and are disregarding their medical ethics. Another major concern was the absence of an administrative office and staff for the department. "Apart from the secretary, the health department has no staff, a situation which has led us to hire consultants, who in some cases did not understand ZANU PF's politics. Because of this the consultants cannot fill the vacant posts in our department. Several' appeals have also been made to the administration department, but nothing has materialised and we would also like to appeal to the party to provide us with at least one vehicle," Cde. Rushesha said. She noted that the people who attended the department's workshops unanimously agreed that the Age of Majority Act should be reviewed to allow parents to control their children who are misintepreting and abusing the law by indul ing in early sexual activities anddieyoungbecauseofAIDS. [1 The Editor and Staff of Zimbabwe News would like to convey their deepest sympathies to the Sagiya and Makotamo families on the loss of their daughter, Corporal Judith whose Chimurenga name was Kufa Kunesu Magorira on January 14, 1997. ZIMBABWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1

SADC states can be the "Lions of Africa" By Minetsi Madakufamba WITH southern Africa now enjoying relative peace and stability, there is need to re-locate resources towards the promotion of increased regional trade and investment in order to achieve long-term sustainable economic development. This was stressed at a two-day Southern Aftica Trade and nvestment Summit organised in Harare recently by the Inemational Herold Tribune daily newspaper. The summit, which enjoyed a good turnout, drew more than 300 delegates including political leaders and business executives from around the region, as well as the internatonal Investor community. Opening the summit, President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe urged the Southern African Development Community (SADC) member states to seriously consider cross-border investment partnerships to instil regional confidence and remove the fear that some member countries were being turned into markets by others. With reference to the SADC Trade Protocol signed in Maseru last August, Botswana President Sir Ketumfle Masire said one ofthe key objectives was to "contribute toward increased domestic, cross-border and foreign investment, based on the vast natural and human resource potential of this region." -in this regard, a lot of ground work has already been covered to support intraregional trade and investment through co-operation in various sectoral areas such as electrcity power inter; connections, shared watercourse systems, as well as the development of cor ridors that are now actively being promoted," he added. Masire confirmed that, at country level, member states were pursuing forward- looking policies and practices aimed at creating an enabling environment to support expanding trade and Investment opportunities. Citing his country as an example, he said his government, anong other incentives, had slashed cor orate tax from 35 to 15 percent in 1995 and there were no more restrictiojns on capital and dividend flows for portfolio investors. in d keynote address, Mozambican Prime Minister Pascoal Mocunibi underscored the need to deepen economic ties by taking advantage of each other's 71IRARWF NFWAVni 9R Nn I comparartive advantages in the region. He noted that while theregion was nowenjoying relative political stability and had the regional trade protocol in place, it now remained for member states to put the latter's resolutions into concrete and positive actions. Intra-regional trade has increased from -seven percent of the region's combined gross domestic product (GDP) two years ago to the current 10 percent. By comparison, intra-regional trade in the European Union amounts to about 60 percent of GDP. South African Deputy President, Thabo Mbeki called for regional co-operation in combating crime especially .in the field of drug trafficking and car racketeering, a legacy of apartheid. He said itwas imperative that SADC member states joined hands in ridding the region of this historical stumbling block that he said was hindering a free flow of trade and investment. Drawing on the lessons of the Asian Tigers and the emerging nations of Latin America, the assistant secretary and director general of the United States Commercial Service; Lauri 1. Fitz-Pegado said Africa, and in particular southern Africa, had great potential and that as a partner in trade and investment, it mattered to the US more than ever before. "SADC's unique history and growing tendency toward co-operative planning have spurred regional action unmatched elsewhere in Africa. The decision in August by the SAD heads of state to create a common market was the most significant development-in the region since South Africa's historic elections in 1994," she commented. She said with regional co-operation came regional opportunities, for southern Africa and US business alike, adding that by establishing infrastructural links such as the Maputo Development Corridor in the east and the transKalahari rail-road in the west, the region has created attractive investment opportunities for foreign firms, created jobs and put in place the framework for enhanced trade throughout the region. Mozambique's PM, Cde. Pascoal. Mocumbi kets specialist with UKs Baring Asset Management, said the region's fast developing financial market gave southern Africa a great potential to become the "Lions of Africa". Many delegates hailed the region's improved political climate which they said is a fundamental factor in luring more foreign direct investment. They added, that economic recovery of the region had to be a co-operative effort among the governments, the private sector, international investors, national and international development agencies. "Of the five wars tlbit have raged in this region in recent decades, four have ended and the fifth - in Angola - looks to be finally winding down. Compared to much of the Middle East, Central Asia and Africa to the north, southern Africa is a zone of peace and stability, the preconditions for investment and growth," says Chester Crocker, a former US Assistant Secretary of State for Africa. There are also high propsects in the mining sector where some major projects around the region have already got off the ground, or will soon do so. Plenty of cobalt deposits have been discovered ,in Zambia, one of the world's largest platinum mining projects is underway at Chegutu in Zimbabwe and exciting gold prospects are on the cards in Tanzania. Marking the dosing of the two-day sum- The corridor concept was also singled mit former Secretary General of the Afriout as being particularly important to can National Congress (ANC) and now the growing partnership between asia executive deputy chairman of New Afriand southern Africa. ca Investments Limited, Cyril Ramaphosa, underscored the need to empower Likining SADC countries to the Asian those previously marginalised through Tigers, Michael Power, emerging mar. affirmative programmes. (SARDC) 0l

Origins of the "Boys in Blue" *Dynamos in histo hey are popularly known as the Glamour Boys. They were at one stage known as Hainangozi. Today they are De- Mbare. But how did the country's most successful soccer club settle for the name Dynamos, a name which seems so unique some would argue they support them because of the name? History has it that when preliminary discussions to form the club in 1963 were completed, the very first members of the Board of Directors who included Simon Machaya, Obediah Sarupinda, Richard Chiminya, Alan Hlatwayo, Danny Thomas and Josiah Akende were elected with Sam Dauya as manager. The club was formally established, but with no name. Opinions differed widely as to what it should be called. Players who were previously in Salisbury City wanted to maintain the name, but this was turned down by the rest. The search for a suitable name continued until one Naricisus Murambiwa popularly known then as "Garincha", whilst sitting on a tobacco bale at Tobacco Sales, one lunch hour had a brain storm and thought of the name Dynamos. He suggested it to Ken Walker, who was also employed at Tobacco Sales as Floors Manager. The name was formally proposed and accepted at a subsequent meeting. At that time many of the club's players were employed by Tobacco Sales. Why the name Dynamos appealed to the group remains a mystery but at that time Moscow Dynamos had just taken Western Europe by storm with a brand of football never seen before. As the Russians tour had been widely reported in the local press, it is possible that this influenced the group in favour of the name. The name, too, seemed to coincide with the feelings of the group. They wanted to be a dynamic team and the crowds accepted the 'name with jubilation One of the oldest Dynamos supporters of that time, the late Madenga, had this to say about the new name: "Zita iri rakokodzera". (literally meaning the name befits the team). The side was ready for the big time. They chalked up victory after victory against sides like Salisbury Yellow Peril, Bulawayo Red Army, .Umtali's G een J By Tendayi Ndemera Bombers and others. Gwanzura Stadium in Highfield became their traditional home ground, but owing to circumstances beyond the club's control, it was not possible to make full use of the stadium's facilities. The first match Dynamos played at Gwanzura Stadium in January 1963 raised a total of $60. At that time the amount was quite huge. Among the players who lured supporters to matches involving Dynamos then were lairos "Chubby Checker" Nkumba, one of the most colourful and spectular ball jugglers of that time, Patrick Amato "The Devil" Dzvene, a player who was once described as a forerunner of the present linkman in football, the famous Freddy "Mark Makwesha" M'kwesha, who was transfered to Sporting de Bragga in Portugal for $2 000 but the fee was never received by Dynamos, the late Lameck Mlambo, who had the distinction and art that has yet to be equalled - Take a good look at me And tell me who I am I am beautiful, with an abundance of love I am witty, full of laughter yet sensitive I am intelligent, serious and thirsty for knowledge I have travelled the world From Africa to the Islands From the Americas to Europe Take a good look at me And tell me who I am I am well versed in politics Of the individual, family and of development I have an in-depth understanding of my society have been subjected to oppression Of race, gender, class, sexuality and age Yet I refuse to be defeated DeMbare's chairman, Morrison Sifelani the ability to control a difficult ball and stop it dead, the late Obediah "Wasu Mapuranga" Sarupinda, the skilled Bernard Marriot "Magitare" Lusengo and eContinued on next page Take a good look at me And tell me who I am I am a moither, lover, wife, sister and fend api a pillar-of strength Ad a tower of the community I am a descendant of Nubian queens like Cleopatra and Nandi, Winnie Mandela, Maya Angelou and Buchi Emecheta are my heroes My grandmother, mother, sisters, aunts and girlfriends are my guides Yes, take a good look And tell me who I am For I am BLACK I am a WOMAN And yes I am PROUD By Nonkosinami Ndlovu Those who have poems which they would like to share with the rest of the readership can write to: The Editor, Zimbabwe News, 144 Union Avenue, Harare 71MRA WE NEWS VOL 28 NO. 1 A tribute to black women NUU!JMrE1 iK

7Ior War veteran dies Staff 14v iter member of the Zimbabwe NaAtional Army and the Zimbabwe A National Uberation War Veterans Association, Corporal Judith Sagiya (nee Makotamo) passed away at Harare Hospital on January 14, 1997 after a short illness. Cde. Sagiya, whose Chimurenga name was Kufa Kunesu Magorira, was working in the ZNA department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering as a driver at the time of her death. She was also the, War Veterans Association deputy secretary for women's affairs for Tinzwei Goronga district in Harare's Craneborne suburb. Born on 6 September, 1960 in Chimanimani District, Cde. Sagiya left school to join the liberation struggle in 1975. She received her military training at Samakweza in Mozambique and later moved to Doroi -and Nyadzonya camps where she stayed before returning home during the ceasefire. Before being attested into the ZNA in October 1981, she worked as a secretary/x(ypist for the late Cde. Mayor Urimbo and later for the late First Lady Cde. Sally Mugabe at the then ZANU PF headquarters at 88 Robert Mugabe Road. In the ZNA, where she joined as a private, she rose through the ranks to corporal, the rank she held until the time of her death. Cde. Sagiya is also a recipient of the liberation, independence and 10-yearservice medals. She also did a number of courses during her service in the Army. These included security training; clerk typist, unit administration and driving. Cde. Magiya, who was buried at Nemwana Growth Point in Masvingo, is survived by her husband, Seargent Webster Mufaro Sagiya and three children, Chiedza, Ian and Yolanda. El 7 IURARWE NEWS VOL. 28 NO. 1 Origins of the "Boys in Blue" the impressive Danny "Bricks" Thomas. which could help the masses free them'klves from the shackles of colonial rule. Dynamos grew from humble beginnings of a simple club to an institution which exerted influence on and gave joy to the community on a scale never experienced before in the then Rhodesian society. And in 1975 the man who witnessed this metamorphosis, current chairman Morrison Sifelani once said then: "There is today, on the one hand, the Dynamos Football Club which consists of the players and officials and on the other the Dynamos Institution as represented by the masses who support the club. Unlike other organisations the Dynamos Institution has already assumed 'permanence which augurs well for the future." Sifelani went on to quote the aims and objects of the club's constitution, viz: a) "to endeavour at all times to be the best soccer club in Southern and Central Africa by playing an entertaining brand of football, unique and peculiar to itself, and at the same time, set the pace for the development of the game in the community ... b) to focus on, promote and highlight local talent and sportsmanship, and generally make football a unifying force for men and women of healthy minds and goodwill ... c) to harmonise relations amongst our cosmopolitan population, bridging the gap between tribes, races and creeds ... This was the general view Dynamos as a team held before Zimbabwe attained independence. They regarded themselves as leaders, pace-setters - the team to emulate and to try to knock down. "Dynamos feel they must keep one step ahead, particularly now that our soccer is in isolation. The responsibility is much !greater, for in this way Rhodesian soc.cer, in trying to keep up with us, will ,move forward," said Sifelani during an ,interview at a time when the then Football Association of Rhodesia (FAR) was under suspension from all international competitive soccer by the Federation of International Football Associations (FIFA) in the 70s. As has been mentioned earlier, it was held that whatever step Dynamos took before Zimbabwe's independence, was somehow believed among the blacks in the then African townships as a move I Obitua y : _ , When Sifelani answered a question on what steps could be taken to help the then Rhodesia regain entry into FIFA, he had this to say: "The world knows our soccer on the field is multi-racial. We don't have to make noise-about that. They also know that off the field there is a colour-bar for players and officials in clubhouses, changing rooms and hotels. This is why we are kept out of FIFA." After this statement many thought it unwise to continue pestering FIFA over the issue of having the suspension lifted - since it had been released by a Dynamos official - the blackman's hope. And when he asked about that commonly held view then that Dynamos were a political force, that they were refered to as a nationalistic team, Sifelani said: "That is most definitely not the case and if Dynamos ever become a political instrument I would resign and so would the whole committee." This was, however, not taken seriously by many who thought he could have made the statement in fear of being victimised by the then authorities. The club's fans and many administrators of that time felt otherwise. They held Dynamos in high esteem. And when a row erupted between the FAR and the then Rhodesia National Football League clubs, Sifelani at that time became something of an unofficial spokesman for the clubs. When asked whether he was on ,the brink of nptioal administration, Sifelani answered: "No. My place is with the club. I think I am doing more good at club level." 0 ITO be continued in the next issue ofZimbabwe News - Editor -I.aw Nw is Prne by

I(cfi Arxnai - Se-verth Unrited N ationxis Secretary- General Kofi Annan, the Seventh Secretary-General of shoulder new tasks in the areas of International major initiatves to resolve the Organisation's the United Natiolis who was Under-Secretary- Peace and Security such as 'Prevntive De- financial crisis. General for Peace-keeping Operations at the ployment". In addition to his regular posts, Mr. Annan has time of his appointment, brings to the position Operations carried out a number of special assiguneSts. a wealthy experience and expertise gained To cope with the dramatic growth in the From 1 November 1995 to March 1996, he through more than three decades of service "number of operations - 26 of the 41 opera- served as Special Representative of the Secwith the world Organisation. A national of tions in United Nations history have been retary-General to the former Yugoslavia and, Ghana who is fluent in English, French and mounted since 1989, the majority of them since in this context, as Special Envoy to the North several African languages, he was appointed 1993 - Mr. Annan oversaw the creation of a - Atlantic lreaty Organisation (NATO). Inthis on 17 December by the General Assembly to "Situation Center" that monitors United Na- capacity, following the signing of the Dayton serve a term of office from I January through tions Peace- keeping Operations around the Peace Agreemeat in December 1995, he coor31 December 2001. clock. He also concentrated on enhancing the dinated the United Nations role in achieving a Mr. Annan has had a remarkably varied United Organisation's readiness for peace-keeping, smooth transition in Bosnia and Herzegovina Nations career, focusing not only on the ques- canvassing Member States of commitments on from the United Nations Protection Force in tion of management - Administration, "stand-by arrangements" for the provision of Bosnia an Herzegovina (UNPROFOR) to the Budget, Finance and Personnel - but also troops, equipment and other resources. As of NATO-led Multinational Implementation Refugee issues and Peace-keeping. He has also 30 November 1996, 62 Member States had Force (FOR). He also supervised the estabcarried out a number of sensitive diplomatic confirmed their willingness to provide stand- lishment of the three successor peace-keepassignments, including negotiating the by resources totalling some 80,000 personnel. ing operations in the former Yugoslavia. repartriation of over 900 international staff and Mr. Annan also worked with Members States In 1990, following the invasion of Kuwait by the release of Western hostages in Iraq follow- to improve "response time" by taking steps Iraq, Mr. Annan was sent'by the Secretarying that country's invasion of Kuwait in 1990; towards the creation of a Rapidly Deployable General to facilitate the repatriation of more initiating discussions on the "Oil- For-Food" Mission Headquarters, with earmarked secre- than 900 international staff and to conduct neFormula to ase the humanitarian crisis in Iraq; tariat and other personnel, which is expected gotiations for the release of Western hostages. and overseeing the transition from the United to be functional in early 1997. And to ensure While there, Mr. Annan helped focus attenNations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) in that the lessons of peace-keeping experiences, tion on the plight of more than 500,000Asians former Yugoslavia to the Multinatinal successful and otherwise as assimilated and stranded in Iraq and Kuwait as a result of the Implementatin Force (IFOR) led by the North applied, Mr. Annan created a "Lessons hstilities. Subsequently, Mr. Annan was the Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) follow- Learned" Unit within the Department of Peace- first to encourage the Government of Iraq to ing the 1995 Dayton Peace Agreement. keeping Operations. The Units activities will discuss the sale of oil to fund purchases of Complementing this strong grounding in man- soon be broadened to encompass lessons humanitarian aid, and he led the first United agement and in Peace- keeping - two areas of learned by other departments - including the Nations Team negotiating with Iraq towards paramount importance to the suture of the Or- Department of Political Affairs, Humanitarian thi: end. That initiative has since home fruit ganinlon at a critical juncture in its existence Affairs, and Public Infomation in the area of with the 1996 Agreement between the Gov- is tht. :ew Secretary-General's strong com- peace and security. eminent of Iraq and the United Nations on immitment to Economic Development and So- As Secretary-General, Mr. Annan has also em- plementation of the "Oil-For-ood" ormula uncial Justice. As he stated in an address to the phasised his commitment to engaging with der Security Council Resolution 986 (1995). General Assembly following his appointment, Member States in a dialogue about the best Apart from his official duties, Mr. Annan has "a new understanding of peace and security possible use of the tools of peace-keeping, long been involved in the areas of education must emerge". The world is beginning to rec- preventive diplomacy and post-conflict peace- and the welfare and protection of international ognise, he said, that conflict has many roots, building. staff. He has contributed to the work of the that peace rests on economic and social stabil- The Secretary-General's managerial portfolio Appointment and Promotion Board and the ity, and that "intolerance, injustice and oppres- is similarly extensive, and Mr. Annan has been Senior Review Group (both of which he sion -and their consequences- repsect of deeply involved in the full range of questions chaired); to the Administrative, Management national frontiers". Similarly, he continued, "we now at the forefront of efforts to reform and and Financial Board; to the Secretary- Genernow know more than ever that sustainable eco- streamline the Organisation, a priority for aI's Task Force for Peace-keeping; and to the nomic development is not merely a matter of which he expects to appoint a Special Adviser United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund. projects and statistics. It is above all, a matter within his office. His United Nations postings He has also served as Chairman of the Board of people - real people with basic needs; food, in the management area included Assistant ofTrustees of the United Nations International clothing, shelter and medical care". Secretary-General for Programme Planning, School in NewYork (1987-1995) and as aGovAs the first Secretary-General to emerge from Budget and Finance and Controller (1990- ernor of the International School in Geneva the ranks of the International Civil Service, and 1992); (I981-1983). having served inAddisAbaba, Cairo, Geneva, Assistant Secretary-General in the Office of Education Ismailia (Egypt) and at the United Nations Human Resources Management and Security Mr. Annan studies at the University of Science Headquarters in NewYork, Mr. Annan also has Coordinator for the United Nations System.* and Technology at Kumasi, Ghana, and conintimate knowledge of the' Organisation's ac- (1987-1990); Director of Budget in the Office pleted his undergraduate work in Economics tivities in the field, at the grassroots level, as of Financial Services (1984-1987); Deputy at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota well as of the views of staff at all levels, at Director of Administration and Head of Per- (1961). From 1961 to 1962, he undertook duty stations throughout the world. sonnel at the Office of the United Nations High graduate studies in economics at the Institut United Nations Career Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Ge- Universitaire Des Hautes Etudes Most recently, om I March 1993 until his neva (1980-1983). His first assignment with Internationales in Geneva. As a 1971-1972. appointment as Secretary- General - except the United Nations was in 1962 as an Admin- Sloan Fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of for the period from I November 1995 to March istrative Officer and Budget Officer at the Technology (MIT), he received a Master of 1996, when he served as Special Represents- World Health Organisation (WHO) in Geneva. Science Degree in Management. In a two-year tive of the Secretary-General to the former Consensus break from United Nations service from 1974 Yugoslavia - Mr. Annan served as Under-Sec- As Secretary-General, Mr. Annan intends to to 1976, Mr. Annan served as the Managing retary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, place particular emphasis on achieving con- Director of.the Ghana Tourist Development and for a year before that, as Assistant Secre- sensus among Member States on the role the Company, serving concurrently on its Board tary-General for Peace-keeing Operations. In United Nations should play in its many fields and on the Ghana Tourist Control Board. Curthese positions, he helped to formulate new ap- of endeavour. As he said in the Press Confer- rently, the Secretary-General serves on the proaches to the complex uncertainties ofapost- ence following his appointment, "we need to Board of Trustees of Macalester College, cold war world marked by unprecendented encourage Member States to develop the sus- which in 1994 awarded him its Trustee Dislevels of international cooperation, as well as tained will to support the Organisation." tinguishedServiceAward inhonourofhisservwidespread strife fuelled by fierce assertions Equally important, he added, is the need to ice to the internationial community. He also of national and ethnic identities. Throughout "demystify the United Nations and not make * serves on the Board of Trustees of the Instithis volatile period, Mr. Annan worked to it so bureaucratic and distant from the aver- tute for the Future, in Menlo Park, California. strengthen the capacity of the Organisation to age person. We should bring the Organisation Mr. Annan was born on 8 April 1938, in undertake both traditional peace-keeping mis- closer to the people". Another one of Mr. Kumasi, Ghana. He is married to NaneAnnan, sions and multifunctional operations, and to Annan's principal priorities is to undertake a lawyer who is now an artist. They have three children. LIMta ~, There are no birds of our feather Because we offer the truly definitive example of the printer's art. The total job: typesetting, origination, printing and binding - utilising the latest technology and completed to the highest international standards. Our very competitive prices will also give you something to crow about JONGWE PRINTING AND PUBLISHING CO. (PVT) LTD. 14 Austin Road, Workington, Harare Telephone 621451-6 A-0 NG W E