Ghildiyal JC and Pooja Juyal. / Journal of Pharmaceutical Biology, 4(1), 2014, 16-19.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Biology

www.jpbjournal.com e-ISSN - 2249-7560 Print ISSN - 2249-7579

INDIGENOUS USES OF IN SKIN DISEASES BY LOCAL INHABITANTS OF BHABAR TRACT OF GARHWAL HIMALAYA

Ghildiyal JC1 and Pooja Juyal*2

1Principal, Government Degree College, Chakrota, Dehradun, . 2Department of Botany, Uttrakhand Open University, Haldwani-263139, (Nainital), India.

ABSTRACT This paper includes ethnobotanical notes on 66 species of medicinal plants, which are used by local inhabitants, including Vaidyas, Retd. Ayurvedic practitioners, Drug vendors, Ethnic groups like Gujjars, Boxas in the treatment of skin diseases. Bhabar region of Garhwal Himalaya taken as a study area for research.

Keywords: Herbs, Indigenous uses, Skin disease, Bhabar tract, Garhwal Himalaya.

INTRODUCTION Skin related problems in today‟ life becoming work of Uniyal [1], Sharma et al [2], Gaur et al [3], most popular disease due to many reasons like polluted Nautiyal [4], Jain and Puri [5], Rajwar [6], Negi et al [7], air, polluted water etc. Medicinal plants form the basis of Dhasmana [9], Negi and Pant [10], Aswal [11,12], traditional or indigenous system of health used by the Anonymous [13], Sharma et.al [13] and Ghildiyal et al people mainly in rural areas. In recent years, interest [15,16]. But there is paucity of literature on the used raised towards medicinal plants especially those used in to cure skin diseases in Bhabar area. Ayurvedas and other traditional systems of medicine because it is said that they are safer than synthetic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plants of significance have been identified by the folk The study was carried out in two steps: through a process of experience over hundreds of years. 1. The informations from the persons involved in the use Therefore, plants used by local inhabitants in Skin of plants in health care system of the area were collected diseases include- Ring worm, Itching, Eczema, Leprosy, by questionnaire method. Leucoderma, Dermal ailments. Bhabar region in the 2. The plants pointed out in step-1, were collected, foothills of Siwaliks is characterized by a narrow identified botanically. submontane strip, a zone of unassorted sediments. The tract is named as „Bhabar‟ on the basis of grass “Bhabar” Observation: The observation made during the field ( binata) which dominates the area. In survey has been given in the following enumerations. The Garhwal region Bhabar extends from 780 22‟E longitude medicinal plant species have been described along with to 780 32‟E longitude and 290 43‟ to 290 48‟N latitude, their families, local name and their various uses in Skin occupying 4320.403 hectare area in Tarai region. diseases. Bhabar region in Garhwal Division is occupied by 48 villages having inhabitants of mixed culture as they have RESULTS AND DISCUSSION the impact of hills as well as of plains on one hand and Plant species and their uses in Skin diseases are ethnic groups on other hand. They use the plants and its enumerated as under: parts as medicines by their own methods in different diseases. In the treatment of Ringworm The ethnic uses of plant species including the efficacy of  Cassia fistula Linn, Amaltas, Caesalpiniaceae = Leaf native herbal medicine have been well documented in the juice is applied on the affected part.

Corresponding Author:- Pooja Juyal Email:- [email protected]

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Ghildiyal JC and Pooja Juyal. / Journal of Pharmaceutical Biology, 4(1), 2014, 16-19.

 Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn, Tulsi, Lamiaceae = Leaf  Butea monosperma (Lam) Kuntze, Dhak , Fabaceae juice is applied externally. and Citrus aurantifolia (Christmann )Swingle, Nimbu,  Tamarindus indica Linn, Imli, Mimosaceae and Rutaceae = The seed paste of Dhak with lemon juice is Citrus aurantifolia (Christmann) Swingle, Nimbu, applied externally. Rutaceae = the seed paste with lemon juice is applied  Curcuma domestica Valeton , Haldi, Zingiberaceae, externally. Brassica campestris Linn., Sarson, Brassicaceae and  Raphanus sativus Linn (Hook.f & Anderson), Muli, Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryan , Aak Asclepidaceae = Brassicaceae = the aqueous seed paste after heating, The filterate of boiled mixture of Haldi powder, mustard applied externally. oil and juice of Aak leaf is applied externally.  Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Neem, Meliaceae and  Cassia tora L, Panwar or Pamar, Caesalpiniaceae = Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn, Tulsi, Lamiaceae = (a). The The fruit of Panwar is given orally. bark ash with leaf paste of Tulsi is applied externally. (b).  Urena lobata L, Unga, Malvaceae = The leaf paste is the flower extract of Neem is applied externally. applied externally.  Mentha longifolia (L) Hudson, Pudina, Lamiaceae and Citrus aurantifolia (Christmann) Swingle, Nimbu, In the treatment of Eczema Rutaceae = Leaf juice of Pudina with lemon juice is  Swertia chirayita (Roxb.ex.fleming.), Chirayita , applied on the affected part. Gentianaceae = (a).The paste of leaf is applied externally  Butea monosperma (Lam) Kuntze, Dhak, Fabaceae on the affected part.(b).The decoction of whole plant is and Acacia catechu (L.f) Willd, Khair or Katha, given orally. Mimosaceae = The aqueous paste of Dhak seed with  Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk., Kathal, Moraceae Katha applied is externally. = the paste of leaf is applied on the affected part for 5-7  Ficus palmata Forsk., Anjir, Moraceae = Latex is days. applied externally on the affected part.  Carica papaya Linn, Papita, Caricaceae = the latex is  Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb) Planchon, Papari, applied on the affected part. Ulmaceae = Leaf paste is applied externally.  Acacia nilotica (L) Wild, ex Delile ssp. Indica  Cassia tora L, Panwar or Pamar, Caesalpiniaceae (Benth.)Brenan, Babool, Fabaceae = The flower paste is and Citrus aurantifolia (Chritmann) Swingle, Nimbu, applied externally. Rutaceae = Paste of root with lime juice is applied  Cassia tora L., Panwar or Pamar, Caesalpiniaceae externally. = Seed paste with sour milk is used externally.  Ipomea fistulosa (Martius ex Choisy) D.Austin ,  Cedrus deodara (Roxb.ex D.Don) G.Don, Devdaru, Behaya, Convolvulaceae = The latex is applied externally Pinaceae = The bark paste is applied externally on the daily for 2-3 days. affected part.  Trapa natans L, Singhara, Trapaceae = the paste of Singhara with lemon juice is applied externally. In the treatment of Leprosy  Alstonia scholaris (R.Br), Saptparn, Apocynaceae =  Punica granatum Linn., Anar, Puniacaceae , the bark juice is given orally. Argemone mexicana Linn, Satayanasi, Papavaraceae and  Streblus asper Lour, Sihora, Moraceae. The leaf Sesamum indicum Linn., Til, Pedaliaceae = The extracts extract is applied externally. of Anar leaves, Satayanasi leaves and Black Sesamum oil  Bauhinia variegata Linn, Kachnar, Caesalpiniaceae. are mixed, boiled and the concentrate is filtered. The  The decoction of bark is given orally. filtrate is applied externally on the affected parts.  Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre, Karanj, Fabaceae = In the treatment of Itching The fruit of Karanj is given orally.  Nerium oleander Linn, Kaner, Apocynaceae and  Euphorbia hirta Linn, Dudhi, Euphorbiaceae = Paste Brassica juncea (L) Czernajew & Cosson, Rai, of the whole plant is applied externally. Brassicaceae = Boil the root with oil of rai and water and  Cordia dichotoma Forster f, Lisoda, Boraginaceae = then after filter, applied externally. Leaf paste is applied externally on the affected part.  Spinacea oleracea Linn, Palak, Chenopodiaceae and  Plumbago zeylanica L, Chitrak, Plumbaginaceae = Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash, Khas-khas, = Paste of root is used as a stimulant application to leprosy Paste of Palak seed with Khas-khas seed powder in equal paralytic limbs. quantity is applied externally.  Operculina turpethum (L) Silva Manso, Kala Nisoth,  Azadirachta indica A Juss, Neem, Meliaceae = Convolvulaceae and Terminalia chebula Retz, Harade, (a).Leaf paste is applied on the affected part in chronic Combretaceae = The powder of black Nisoth with Harade itching = (b).The flower extract is applied on the body is given orally. before taking bath.  Celastrus peniculatus Willd., Katabhi, Celastraceae  Tagetas erecta Linn, Genda, Asteraceae = Paste of = The seed powder is given orally. flower is applied externally.

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Ghildiyal JC and Pooja Juyal. / Journal of Pharmaceutical Biology, 4(1), 2014, 16-19.

 Tephrosia purpurea (L) Persoon, Sarphonka, Kuth, Phulpryangu, Masur powder in equal amount with Fabaceae = The decoction of leaves is given orally daily water is applied on the face to remove dark spots. for two months.  Piper nigrum Linn, Kalimirch, Piperaceae = The aqueous paste of Kalimirch is applied externally on the In the treatment of Leucoderma pimples.  Cassia tora L, Panwar or Pamar, Caesalpiniaceae,  Terminalia chebula Retz, Harad, Combretaceae = Asclepias curassavica L.,Kaktundi, Asclepiadaceae, Paste of Harad is applied externally on pimples. Picrasma quassioides (D.Don)Bennett, Kuth,  Jasminum multiflorum (Burm.f.) Andrews, Chameli, Simaroubaceae and Ficus religiosa L., Peepal, Moraceae Oleaceae = Oil of flower is applied externally on boils. = The paste of Pamar seed with Kaktundi, Kuth and  Aloe barbedensis Mill, Gwarpatha, Agavaceae = The Peepal powder in equal amount with Goat urine is applied boiled pulp of bark is applied on boils and pimples to heal externally on the affected part. the wound quickly.  Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryan in Aiton f., Aak,  Riccinus communis Linn, Arand, Euphorbiaceae. Asclepidaceae = (a).The root with calomel and antimonial Paste of inner part of seed with vinegar is applied on the powder is given orally. (b).The bark paste is applied face to remove dark spots. externally.  Citrus acida Watt, Bijora , Rutaceae. Root paste with  Ficus palmata Forsk, Anjir, Moraceae = the leaf ghee and Cow dung juice is applied externally on the extract is applied externally. pimples.  Cassia tora L, Panwar or Pamar, Caesalpiniaceae = In other Dermal Ailments The decoction of leaves are used as a poultice over the  Moringa oleifera Lam, Sahijan, Moringaceae = Root boils to hasten suppuration. paste is applied externally on boils.  Argemone mexicana Linn, Hemshri or Satayanasi,  Dolichos lablab Linn, Cheemee, Fabaceae = The leaf Papavaraceae = Leaf paste is applied externally on boils. paste is applied externally on pimples and boils.  Symplocos racemosa Roxb., Loth, Symplocaceae =  Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryan., Aak, Leaf paste as a plaster is used to promote maturation of Asclepidaceae and Curcuma domestica Valeton, Haldi, boils. Zingiberaceae = Latex of Aak is applied externally on  Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour, Indrayan, boils. Latex of aak with Haldi powder is applied on the Cucurbitaceae = A paste of the fruit or the root with face to remove dark spots. Nuxvomica is applied to boils and pimples to hasten  Spinacea oleracea Linn, Palak, Chenopodiaceae = Leaf maturation. juice is applied externally on boils to discharge the pus.  Cleome viscosa L, Hulhul, Cleomaceae = The leaf  Boerhaavia diffusa Linn, Punarnava, Ncytaginaceae paste is applied to the boils to prevent the formation of = The root juice is given orally in boils. pus.  Azadirachta indica A.Juss., Neem, Meliaceae =  Streblus asper Lour, Sihora, Moraceae = The leaf Bark powder is applied externally on the boils. juice is applied on foots in Chilblain.  Ficus religiosa L., Peepal, Moraceae = The latex is  Barleria prionitis Linn, Piyabansa, Acanthaceae = applied externally on foots in Chilblain. (a).The leaf juice is applied externally in the cracks of feet  Sapindus mucrosii Gaertner, Reetha, Sapindaceae = sole.(b).The root paste is applied on boils. The aqueous paste of rind is applied on the face to remove  Annona squamosa L, Sharifa, Annonaceae = The dark spots. seed powder is applied externally on the boils and  Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken, Dardmar, pimples. Crassulaceae = eaf paste is applied externally on boils and  Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Chir, Pinaceae = The bark pimples. paste is applied on boils.  Hordeum vulgare L, Jau, Poaceae, Triticum aestivum Linn, Gheun, Poaceae and Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczek, CONCLUSION Mung, Fabaceae = The paste of Jau, Gheun and Mung is The present research paper is an attempt to enlist mixed with ghee and applied externally on boils. the herbal plants of skin diseases use with the help of  Ficus benghalensis L, Bar or Bargad, Moraceae, local inhabitants. In this investigation 66 species of Rubia cordiafolia (Roxb.) Miq, Manjeeth, Rubiaceae, medicinal plants have been documented which are used to Symplocos racemosa Roxb, Loth, Symplocaceae cure different ailments of skin. Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Bennett, Kuth, Simaroubaceae, Prunus mahaleb Linn, Phulpryangu, Rosaceae, Lens culinaris Medic., Masur, Fabaceae and ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb., Lal chandan, Fabaceae = The authors wish to thank the many informants The germ paste of Bar with Lal chandan, Manjeeth, Loth, who collaborated in all aspects of this study.

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