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Static Analysis of a Concurrent Programming Language by Abstract Interpretation
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Concordia University Research Repository STATIC ANALYSIS OF A CONCURRENT PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE BY ABSTRACT INTERPRETATION Maryam Zakeryfar A thesis in The Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Computer Science) Concordia University Montreal,´ Quebec,´ Canada March 2014 © Maryam Zakeryfar, 2014 Concordia University School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Mrs. Maryam Zakeryfar Entitled: Static Analysis of a Concurrent Programming Language by Abstract Interpretation and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Computer Science) complies with the regulations of this University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final examining committee: Dr. Deborah Dysart-Gale Chair Dr. Weichang Du External Examiner Dr. Mourad Debbabi Examiner Dr. Olga Ormandjieva Examiner Dr. Joey Paquet Examiner Dr. Peter Grogono Supervisor Approved by Dr. V. Haarslev, Graduate Program Director Christopher W. Trueman, Dean Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Abstract Static Analysis of a Concurrent Programming Language by Abstract Interpretation Maryam Zakeryfar, Ph.D. Concordia University, 2014 Static analysis is an approach to determine information about the program without actually executing it. There has been much research in the static analysis of concurrent programs. However, very little academic research has been done on the formal analysis of message passing or process-oriented languages. We currently miss formal analysis tools and tech- niques for concurrent process-oriented languages such as Erasmus . -
Sleeping Barber
Sleeping Barber CSCI 201 Principles of Software Development Jeffrey Miller, Ph.D. [email protected] Outline • Sleeping Barber USC CSCI 201L Sleeping Barber Overview ▪ The Sleeping Barber problem contains one barber and a number of customers ▪ There are a certain number of waiting seats › If a customer enters and there is a seat available, he will wait › If a customer enters and there is no seat available, he will leave ▪ When the barber isn’t cutting someone’s hair, he sits in his barber chair and sleeps › If the barber is sleeping when a customer enters, he must wake the barber up USC CSCI 201L 3/8 Program ▪ Write a solution to the Sleeping Barber problem. You will need to utilize synchronization and conditions. USC CSCI 201L 4/8 Program Steps – main Method ▪ The SleepingBarber will be the main class, so create the SleepingBarber class with a main method › The main method will instantiate the SleepingBarber › Then create a certain number of Customer threads that arrive at random times • Have the program sleep for a random amount of time between customer arrivals › Have the main method wait to finish executing until all of the Customer threads have finished › Print out that there are no more customers, then wake up the barber if he is sleeping so he can go home for the day USC CSCI 201L 5/8 Program Steps – SleepingBarber ▪ The SleepingBarber constructor will initialize some member variables › Total number of seats in the waiting room › Total number of customers who will be coming into the barber shop › A boolean variable indicating -
A Framework for Performance Evaluation and Verification in Stochastic Process Algebras
A Framework for Performance Evaluation and Functional Verification in Stochastic Process Algebras Hossein Hojjat MohammadReza Marjan Sirjani ∗ IPM and University of Tehran, Mousavi IPM and University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran TU/Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Tehran, Iran The Netherlands, and Reykjav´ık University, Reykjav´ık, Iceland ABSTRACT To make our goals concrete, we would like to translate Despite its relatively short history, a wealth of formalisms a number of SPAs which have similar semantic frameworks exist for algebraic specification of stochastic systems. The (e.g., PEPA [14], MTIPP [13], EMPA [4] and IMC [11]) goal of this paper is to give such formalisms a unifying frame- to a common form in the mCRL2 process algebra (which work for performance evaluation and functional verification. is a classic process algebra [2] enhanced with abstract data To this end, we propose an approach enabling a provably types). Our next milestone is to generate state space using sound transformation from some existing stochastic process the mCRL2 tool-set. Finally, we wish to be able to perform algebras, e.g., PEPA and MTIPP, to a generic form in the various functional- as well as performance-related analyses mCRL2 language. This way, we resolve the semantic dif- on the generated state space using available tools, as well as ferences among different stochastic process algebras them- tools that we develop for this purpose. selves, on one hand, and between stochastic process algebras For the ease of presentation, we shall focus on one of these and classic ones, such as mCRL2, on the other hand. From process algebras, namely PEPA (due to its popularity), in the generic form, one can generate a state space and perform the remainder of this paper and only touch upon the aspects various functional and performance-related analyses, as we in which our approach has to be adapted to fit the other pro- illustrate in this paper. -
Bounded Model Checking for Asynchronous Concurrent Systems
Bounded Model Checking for Asynchronous Concurrent Systems Manitra Johanesa Rakotoarisoa Department of Computer Architecture Technical University of Catalonia Advisor: Enric Pastor Llorens Thesis submitted to obtain the qualification of Doctor from the Technical University of Catalonia To my mother Contents Abstract xvii Acknowledgments xix 1 Introduction1 1.1 Symbolic Model Checking...........................3 1.1.1 BDD-based approach..........................3 1.1.2 SAT-based Approach..........................6 1.2 Synchronous Versus Asynchronous Systems.................8 1.2.1 Synchronous systems..........................8 1.2.2 Asynchronous systems......................... 10 1.3 Scope of This Work.............................. 11 1.4 Structure of the Thesis............................. 12 2 Background 13 2.1 Transition Systems............................... 13 2.1.1 Definitions............................... 13 2.1.2 Symbolic Representation........................ 15 2.2 Other Models for Concurrent Systems.................... 17 2.2.1 Kripke Structure............................ 17 2.2.2 Petri Nets................................ 21 2.2.3 Automata................................ 22 2.3 Linear Temporal Logic............................. 24 2.4 Satisfiability Problem............................. 26 2.4.1 DPLL Algorithm............................ 27 2.4.2 Stålmarck’s Algorithm......................... 28 2.4.3 Other Methods for Solving SAT................... 32 2.5 Bounded Model Checking........................... 34 2.5.1 BMC Idea............................... -
Using TOST in Teaching Operating Systems and Concurrent Programming Concepts
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal Vol. 5, No. 6, 96-107 (2020) ASTESJ www.astesj.com ISSN: 2415-6698 Special Issue on Multidisciplinary Innovation in Engineering Science & Technology Using TOST in Teaching Operating Systems and Concurrent Programming Concepts Tzanko Golemanov*, Emilia Golemanova Department of Computer Systems and Technologies, University of Ruse, Ruse, 7020, Bulgaria A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: The paper is aimed as a concise and relatively self-contained description of the educational Received: 30 July, 2020 environment TOST, used in teaching and learning Operating Systems basics such as Accepted: 15 October, 2020 Processes, Multiprogramming, Timesharing, Scheduling strategies, and Memory Online: 08 November, 2020 management. TOST also aids education in some important IT concepts such as Deadlock, Mutual exclusion, and Concurrent processes synchronization. The presented integrated Keywords: environment allows the students to develop and run programs in two simple programming Operating Systems languages, and at the same time, the data in the main system tables can be monitored. The Concurrent Programming paper consists of a description of TOST system, the features of the built-in programming Teaching Tools languages, and demonstrations of teaching the basic Operating Systems principles. In addition, some of the well-known concurrent processing problems are solved to illustrate TOST usage in parallel programming teaching. 1. Introduction • Visual OS simulators This paper is an extension of work originally presented in 29th The systems from the first group (MINIX [2], Nachos [3], Xinu Annual Conference of the European Association for Education in [4], Pintos [5], GeekOS [6]) run on real hardware and are too Electrical and Information Engineering (EAEEIE) [1]. -
Concurrency and Synchronization: Semaphores in Action
CS-350: Fundamentals of Computing Systems Page 1 of 16 Lecture Notes Concurrency and Synchronization: Semaphores in Action In our coverage of semaphore functionality and implementation, we have seen a number of ways that semaphores could come in handy in managing concurrency amongst processes sharing resources or data structures. Broadly speaking, we have seen that semaphores could be used in the following ways: • A binary semaphore initialized to 1 could be used to ensure mutual exclusion, which allows a set of processes to correctly access shared variables such as counters. • A binary semaphore initialized to 0 could be used to force an instruction in one process to wait for the execution of an instruction in another process. This is an example of how semaphores can be used for signaling between processes. • A counting semaphore initialized to K could be used to enforce an upper limit on the number of concurrent uses of a given resource (or service or threads of execution). We will now consider a number of classical problems that are frequently encountered when building computing systems and we will see how semaphores could be used to manage the synchronization issues that arise. The Producer-Consumer Problem In many systems, it is often the case that one process (or more) will be consuming results from one other process (or more). The question is, what sort of synchronization do we need between a (set of) producer(s) and a (set of) consumer(s)? In the following, we will focus on one producer and one consumer, noting that our discussion applies to the general case in which multiple producers and/or consumers exist. -
5 Classical IPC Problems
5 Classical IPC Problems 2 The operating systems literature is full of interesting problems that have been widely discussed and analyzed using a variety of synchronization methods. In the following sections we will examine four of the better-known problems. OPERATING SYSTEMS CLASSICAL IPC PROBLEMS 5.1 The Dining Philosophers Problem 5.1 The Dining Philosophers Problem 3 4 Since 1965 (Dijkstra posed and solved this synchronization problem), everyone inventing a new synchronization primitive has tried to demonstrate its abilities by solving the dining philosophers problem. The problem can be stated quite simply as follows. Five philosophers are seated around a circular table. Each philosopher has a plate of spaghetti. The spaghetti is so slippery that a philosopher needs two forks to eat it. Between each pair of plates, there is only one fork. Philosophers eat/think, eating needs 2 forks, pick one fork at a time. How to prevent deadlock? 5.1 The Dining Philosophers Problem 5.1 The Dining Philosophers Problem 5 6 The life of a philosopher consists of alternate periods It has been pointed out that the two-fork requirement of eating and thinking. This is something of an is somewhat artificial; perhaps we should switch from abstraction, even for philosophers, but the other Italian food to Chinese food, replacing rice for activities are irrelevant here. When a philosopher spaghetti and chopsticks for forks. gets hungry, she tries to acquire her left and right forks, one at a time, in either order. If successful in The key question is: Can you write a program for each acquiring two forks, she eats for a while, then puts philosopher that does what it is supposed to do and down the forks, and continues to think. -
Concurrent Programming CLASS NOTES
COMP 409 Concurrent Programming CLASS NOTES Based on professor Clark Verbrugge's notes Format and figures by Gabriel Lemonde-Labrecque Contents 1 Lecture: January 4th, 2008 7 1.1 Final Exam . .7 1.2 Syllabus . .7 2 Lecture: January 7th, 2008 8 2.1 What is a thread (vs a process)? . .8 2.1.1 Properties of a process . .8 2.1.2 Properties of a thread . .8 2.2 Lifecycle of a process . .9 2.3 Achieving good performances . .9 2.3.1 What is speedup? . .9 2.3.2 What are threads good for then? . 10 2.4 Concurrent Hardware . 10 2.4.1 Basic Uniprocessor . 10 2.4.2 Multiprocessors . 10 3 Lecture: January 9th, 2008 11 3.1 Last Time . 11 3.2 Basic Hardware (continued) . 11 3.2.1 Cache Coherence Issue . 11 3.2.2 On-Chip Multiprocessing (multiprocessors) . 11 3.3 Granularity . 12 3.3.1 Coarse-grained multi-threading (CMT) . 12 3.3.2 Fine-grained multithreading (FMT) . 12 3.4 Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) . 12 4 Lecture: January 11th, 2008 14 4.1 Last Time . 14 4.2 \replay architecture" . 14 4.3 Atomicity . 15 5 Lecture: January 14th, 2008 16 6 Lecture: January 16th, 2008 16 6.1 Last Time . 16 6.2 At-Most-Once (AMO) . 16 6.3 Race Conditions . 18 7 Lecture: January 18th, 2008 19 7.1 Last Time . 19 7.2 Mutual Exclusion . 19 8 Lecture: January 21st, 2008 21 8.1 Last Time . 21 8.2 Kessel's Algorithm . 22 8.3 Brief Interruption to Introduce Java and PThreads . -
Evaluation of Parallel System Using Process Algebra
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue- 9S2, July 2019 Evaluation of Parallel System using Process Algebra Ankur Mittal, Abhilash, R.P. Mahapatra Abstract— In this paper we discuss method for efficiency these statements. In 1982, the term process Algebra was testing of a concurrent processes execution system. We use the given by Bergstra & klop.Since 1984 process Algebra is concept of process algebra, it is an algebraic technique for the used to denote an area of science. Here the term process study of execution of parallel processes. Mathematical language algebra was sometimes used to refer to their own Algebraic is use for building models of computing system which make records about the execution of the procedure. We use PEPA tool, approach for the study of concurrent processes, and TAPA tool for making model. These tools provide formal sometimes to such Algebraic approaches in general[2]. explanation of computing system models. The execution related The Algebraic approaches to concurrency are: data about the system will be use to check the execution 1. CCS: - Calculus of communicating system. efficiency of the procedure. Here we use concept of markov chain 2. CSP:-Communicating sequential processes. analysis for execution of the concurrent processes. 3. ACP:-Algebra of communicating processes. Keywords— Process Algebra, PEPA, TAPA, Parallel System II. CALCULUS OF COMMUNICATING SYSTEM I. INTRODUCTION (CCS): It is presented by Robin Milner in 1980. Its activities A. Algebra: model indissoluble correspondence between precisely two It is a part of science which explores the relations and members. It is a formal language, it include natives for properties of numbers by methods for general images. -
A Structured Programming Approach to Data Ebook
A STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING APPROACH TO DATA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Coleman | 222 pages | 27 Aug 2012 | Springer-Verlag New York Inc. | 9781468479874 | English | New York, NY, United States A Structured Programming Approach to Data PDF Book File globbing in Linux. It seems that you're in Germany. De Marco's approach [13] consists of the following objects see figure : [12]. Get print book. Bibliographic information. There is no reason to discard it. No Downloads. Programming is becoming a technology, a theory known as structured programming is developing. Visibility Others can see my Clipboard. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. ALGOL 60 implementation Call stack Concurrency Concurrent programming Cooperating sequential processes Critical section Deadly embrace deadlock Dining philosophers problem Dutch national flag problem Fault-tolerant system Goto-less programming Guarded Command Language Layered structure in software architecture Levels of abstraction Multithreaded programming Mutual exclusion mutex Producer—consumer problem bounded buffer problem Program families Predicate transformer semantics Process synchronization Self-stabilizing distributed system Semaphore programming Separation of concerns Sleeping barber problem Software crisis Structured analysis Structured programming THE multiprogramming system Unbounded nondeterminism Weakest precondition calculus. Comments and Discussions. The code block runs at most once. Latest Articles. Show all. How any system is developed can be determined through a data flow diagram. The result of structured analysis is a set of related graphical diagrams, process descriptions, and data definitions. Therefore, when changes are made to that type of data, the corresponding change must be made at each location that acts on that type of data within the program. It means that the program uses single-entry and single-exit elements. -
A Language-Independent Static Checking System for Coding Conventions
A Language-Independent Static Checking System for Coding Conventions Sarah Mount A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2013 This work or any part thereof has not previously been presented in any form to the University or to any other body whether for the purposes of as- sessment, publication or for any other purpose (unless otherwise indicated). Save for any express acknowledgements, references and/or bibliographies cited in the work, I confirm that the intellectual content of the work is the result of my own efforts and of no other person. The right of Sarah Mount to be identified as author of this work is asserted in accordance with ss.77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. At this date copyright is owned by the author. Signature: . Date: . Abstract Despite decades of research aiming to ameliorate the difficulties of creat- ing software, programming still remains an error-prone task. Much work in Computer Science deals with the problem of specification, or writing the right program, rather than the complementary problem of implementation, or writing the program right. However, many desirable software properties (such as portability) are obtained via adherence to coding standards, and there- fore fall outside the remit of formal specification and automatic verification. Moreover, code inspections and manual detection of standards violations are time consuming. To address these issues, this thesis describes Exstatic, a novel framework for the static detection of coding standards violations. Unlike many other static checkers Exstatic can be used to examine code in a variety of lan- guages, including program code, in-line documentation, markup languages and so on. -
Experiences with the PEPA Performance Modelling Tools
Edinburgh Research Explorer Experiences with the PEPA performance modelling tools Citation for published version: Clark, G, Gilmore, S, Hillston, J & Thomas, N 1999, 'Experiences with the PEPA performance modelling tools', IEE Proceedings - Software, vol. 146, no. 1, pp. 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-sen:19990149 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1049/ip-sen:19990149 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: IEE Proceedings - Software General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 Experiences with the PEPA Performance Modelling Tools Graham Clark Stephen Gilmore Jane Hillston Nigel Thomas Abstract The PEPA language [1] is supported by a suite of modelling tools which assist in the solution and analysis of PEPA models. The design and development of these tools have been influenced by a variety of factors, including the wishes of other users of the tools to use the language for purposes which were not anticipated by the tool designers. In consequence, the suite of PEPA tools has adapted to attempt to serve the needs of these users while continuing to support the language designers themselves.