DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphometric Analysis of Shalmala River Sub-Basin Dharwad District

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphometric Analysis of Shalmala River Sub-Basin Dharwad District Vol 11, Issue 4 , April/ 2020 ISSN NO: 0377-9254 MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SHALMALA RIVER SUB- BASIN DHARWAD DISTRICT, KARNATAKA, USING RS AND GIS TECHNIQUES Chandrashekhar Kalyani1, Swanand A. Ajgaonkar2 and Manjunatha S3* 1Research Scholar, 2Research Scholar, 3Associate Professor 1,2,3 Department of Geology, Karnatak University’s of Karnatak Science College, Dharwad, India Abstract— In the present study an attempt has characteristics of the Shalmala river sub-basin, been made to evaluate the morphometric Karnataka, which is located between latitudes 15⁰ analysis of the Shalmala river sub-basin by 06' 21.6" to 15⁰ 24' 50.4" and longitudes 75⁰ 00' using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic 3.6" to 75⁰ 11' 49.2" and fall in parts of Survey of Information System (GIS) techniques. The study India toposheet numbers 48M/3 and 48M/4 area is delineated by Arc GIS v10.4 software as (1:50,000 scale). The sub-basin covers an area of per ASTER-DEM. Morphometric parameters 363.39Km² (Figure 1). The elevation ranges from like linear, areal and relief aspects of the basin 498m to 772m above mean sea level (MSL) and have been evaluated. The study revealed that, receives 772mm of an average annual rainfall and the drainage pattern of the study area is sub- annual average temperature is around 24.3⁰C. dendritic to dendritic. The highest stream order Geologically, the Shalmala river sub-basin is is fifth order. The drainage density (Dd) of the covered by Sedimentary rocks such as greywacke, area is 1.583 Km⁻¹ indicates the area comprises argillites and banded ferruginous quartzite. The of highly permeable subsurface material. The present study constitutes metamorphic formation mean bifurcation ratio of the present area is like Quartz mica-schist of Chitradurga group of 4.69, suggests that the area is not affected by Archean age. At some places, dolerite dyke cuts structural disturbances. The relief ratio of the across the bedding planes. study area is 0.00786 which indicates gentle slope and comparatively higher infiltration. The Shalmala river sub-basin comprises sufficient number of lineaments for the groundwater recharge. Keywords— Dharwad, Digital Elevation Model, GIS, Karnataka, Morphometric analysis, Remote sensing, Shalmala River 1. INTRODUCTION Morphometry is the operation of measurement and mathematical analysis of the configuration of the earth’s surface, shape and dimensions of the landforms [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5]. The study helps to understand channel network, ground slope, structural control, geologic and geomorphic of a drainage basin [6]. Remote sensing and geographical information system (RS-GIS) techniques are in trend for assessing various morphometric and hypsometric parameters of the drainage basin/watershed [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], Fig. 1 Location map of the Shalmala river sub- [12] and [13]. Recently, researchers carried out basin morphometric analysis using RS and GIS techniques [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], 2. METHODOLOGY The morphometry analysis of Shalmala river [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26]. Hence, the present sub-basin has been carried out by using Arc-GIS study is carried out on morphometric www. jespublication.com Page No:882 Vol No, Issue No, Month / Year ISSN NO: 0377-9254 software v10.4. Georeferencing, digitization and Rl = Lu/Lu-1 delineating the entire study area has been done with Where, NRSC standards. The drainage system is extracted Rl=Stream length by using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission ratio Steam Length and Reflection Radiometer-Digital Elevation 04 Lu=Total steam Ratio (Rl) Model (ASTER-DEM) data (30m resolution) length of order ‘u’ (Figure 2). Lu-1=Total steam The morphometric parameters like linear length of its lower aspects, areal aspects and relief aspects were order calculated using the formulas (Table 1) given by Rb = Nu/Nu+1 the Strahler, Horton and Schumm [6], [27] and Where, [28]. Rb=Bifurcation ratio Nu=Total number Bifurcation 05 of stream segments Ratio (Rb) of order ‘u’ Nu+1=Total number of segments of the next higher order Dd=Lu/A Where, Dd=Drainage Drainage density 06 Density (Dd) Lu=Total length of streams A=Area of the basin Rt = Nu/P Fig. 2 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the study Where, area Rt=Drainage texture Drainage Table I. Formulae adopted for computation of 07 Nu=Total no. of texture (Rt) morphometric parameters. streams of all orders Sl. Morphometric P=Perimeter of the Formulae No. parameters basin Steam Order Hierarchical Re= 01 (U) rank (2√(A⁄π))/Lb Steam Length Length of the Where, 02 Re=Elongation (Lu) steam Elongation 08 ratio Lsm = Lu/Nu Ratio (Re) Where, A=Area of Lsm=Mean stream watershed length Lb=Basin Length Mean Steam 03 Lu=Total steam π =3.14 Length (Lsm) length of order ‘u’ Nu=Total number Where, Circulatory Rc=Circulatory of stream segments 09 of order ‘u’ Ratio (Rc) ratio A=Area of sub- basin www. jespublication.com Page No:883 Vol No, Issue No, Month / Year ISSN NO: 0377-9254 P=Perimeter of number sub-basin Dd=Drainage π=3.14 density Bh=Basin relief Fs=Nu/A Where, Fs=Stream Stream frequency 10 Frequency (Fs) Nu=Total number 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS of all streams 3.1. LINEAR ASPECTS A=Area of sub- basin A linear aspect of morphometric studies includes Ff=A/Lb² following parameters (Table 2). Where, Stream order is a hierarchy of tributaries as Form Factor Ff=Form factor proposed by Strahler [6]. The current area is the 11 (Ff) A=Area of a sub- fifth order drainage basin (Figure 3). basin The number of stream segments in each order is Lb=Basin Length known as stream number (Nu). Horton [27] stated, Lo=1/Dd*2 the number of stream segments forms an inverse Where, geometric relationship against the order. It is Length of Lo=Length of calculated that, the total stream numbers of 12 Overland Flow overland flow different orders from the study area is 586. The (Lo) Dd=Drainage stream numbers of the first stream order in the density present study area is 457, for second stream order Cm=1/Dd is 100, for third stream order is 22, for fourth order Where, is 6 and for fifth order is 1 respectively (Table 2). Constant Cm=Constant Hence, the large number of streams in the basin Channel 13 channel indicates that the topography is still rugged and Maintenance maintenance streams are rapidly cutting their channels. (Cm) Dd=Drainage The stream length has been carried out as per the density law proposed by Horton [27]. The maximum steam length (Lu) of the study area is 287.575 Km and Bh = H – h average stream length is 115.065 Km. The stream Where, length of various orders is presented in the Table 2. Bh=Basin relief Basin relief The mean stream length (Lsm) is a 14 Vertical distance (Bh) characteristic property associated with basin between the surface [6], [27]. It can be determined by dividing highest & lowest the total stream length of all orders by the total points number of stream segments. The mean stream Rh = Bh/Lb length of the study area is varying from 0.629 Km Where, Relief ratio to 20.768 Km with an average 06.714 Km (Table 15 Rh=Relief ratio (Rh) 2). Topography and slope cause the variation of its Bh=Basin relief value. Lb=Basin length The stream length ratio (Rl) of the study area Rr = Bh/P ranges between 0.483 to 0.610 (Table 2). Change in Where, stream length indicates late youth stage of Relative relief Rr=Relative relief 16 geomorphic development [29], [30], [31]. (Rr) Bh=Basin relief Bifurcation ratio (Rb) is a dimensionless P=Perimeter of property and shows the degree of integration basin prevailing between streams of various orders in a Rn = Dd*Bh Ruggedness drainage basin. Bifurcation ratio of the Shalmala 17 Where, number (Rn) river sub-basin varies from 3.666 to 6 with a mean Rn=Ruggedness www. jespublication.com Page No:884 Vol No, Issue No, Month / Year ISSN NO: 0377-9254 of 4.69 (Table 2), which indicates that the area is permeable sub-soil material under the dense not much affected by structural disturbances. vegetative cover and low relief. Drainage density of the present study area is 1.583 Km⁻¹ (Table 3), suggesting low drainage density (Figure 4). Fig. 3 Stream orders of the Shalmala river sub- basin. Fig. 4 Drainage density of the Shalmala river sub- Table II. Results of linear aspects of Shalmala river basin. sub-basin. Mea Drainage texture is the ratio of total number of n Strea stream segments to the perimeter area. It depends Strea Strea Strea strea m upon the meteorological, geological and climate m m Bifurcati m m lengt aspects [32], [33]. According to Smith [32] Numb Lengt on ratio Orde lengt h classification, the drainage texture of the study area er h (Lu) (Rb) r (U) h ratio is 4.327 Km⁻¹ (Table 3), indicates moderate (Nu) Km (Lsm (Rl) drainage texture. ) Km Horton [8] stated that the basin elongation ratio is 287.5 0.62 1 457 - - varies between 0.6 to 1.0 associated with a wide 75 9 variety of climate and geology. A circular basin is 140.0 1.40 0.48 2 100 4.57 more effective in discharge than elongated basin 84 0 7 [31]. In the study area the elongation ratio is 0.61 085.5 0.61 3 22 3.88 4.545 (Table 3), represents elongated shape. 24 0 041.3 6.89 0.48 4 06 3.666 Circulatory ratio is influenced by the length of 74 5 3 the streams, frequency of streams and slope of the 020.7 20.7 0.50 5 01 6 basin.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • District Survey Report Akola
    District Survey Report Akola Preface In compliance to the Notification Issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change dated 15 th January, 2016, the preparation of District Survey Report of River bed mining sand other minor minerals is in accordance appendix X of the notification. It is also mentioned here that the procedure of preparation of District Survey Report is as per notification guidelines. Every efforts have been made to cover sand mining location, area and overview of mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to geology and mineral wealth in replenishable and non-replenishable areas of rivers, stream and other sand sources. This report will be a model and guiding document which is a compendium of available mineral resources, geographical set up, environmental and ecological set up of the district and is based on data of various departments, published reports, and websites. The data may vary due to floods, heavy rains and other natural calamities. Therefore, it is recommended that Sub divisional Level Committee may take into consideration all its relevant aspects/data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned authority. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR RIVER SAND MINING PROJECT DISTRICT – AKOLA As per Gazette Notification of 15 th January 2016 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change a Survey shall be carried out by the District Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA) with assistance of irrigation department, Drainage department, Forest department, Mining Department and Revenue department in the district for preparation of District Survey Report as per the sustainable Sand Mining can be allowed; and identification of areas of erosion and proximity to infrastructural structures and installations where mining should be prohibited and calculation of annual rate of replenishment and allowing time for replenishment after mining in that area.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphometric Analysis of Morna River Catchment Using Geographic Information System
    Agricultural Engineering Today Morphometric Analysis of Morna River Catchment using Geographic Information System A. P. Bowlekar (LM-11577) 1*, H. B. Sawant2, S. B. Nandgude3 and D. M. Mahale4 1,2B. Tech. Scholar, 3Professor (CAS), 4Professor and Head Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli – 415 712, Dist: Ratnagiri (MH), India *Corresponding author email address: [email protected] Date of submission: 11.10.2018 Date of acceptance: 14.12.2018 ABSTRACT In this study, GIS and a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) have been utilized for estimation of morphological parameters of Morna river catchment. This was developed using the Visual Basic for Application (VBA) language based on the Arc objects technology developed by the Environmental System Research Institute (ESRI). Several morphometric parameters have been computed and analyzed viz.; linear aspects such as stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio; areal aspects such as drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, form factor, constant of channel maintenance; relief aspects such as relief, relief ratio, relative relief, ruggedness number and length of overland flow. Impacts of morphometric parameters on flash flood characteristics have been also investigated. The presence of the maximum number of the first order segments shows that the basin is subjected to erosion and also that some areas of the basin are characterized by variations in lithology and topography. The form factor is 0.25 and circulatory ratio is 0.43 which suggests elongated type of catchment. Elongation ratio is 0.54 which indicates that watershed has high relief and steep slope.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrogeological Investigation of the Morna River Basin, Akola District, Maharashtra, India Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for The
    International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 12, December-2013 134 ISSN 2229-5518 Hydrogeological Investigation of the Morna River Basin, Akola District, Maharashtra, India Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for the Assessment of Groundwater Conditions *1Khadri, S.F.R., 1Kokate, N.R. ABSTRACT - Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology has played critical roles in all aspects of watershed management, from assessing watershed conditions through modeling impacts of human activities on water quality and to visualizing impacts of alternative management scenarios. The field and science of GIS have been transformed over the last two decades. Once considered a Cinderella technology in selected disciplines and application domains, GIS has grown quite rapidly to become a multi-billion industry and a major player in the broader field of the ubiquitous information technology. Advancements in computer hardware and software, availability of large volumes of digital data, the standardization of GIS formats and languages, the increasing interoperability of software environments, the sophistication of geo-processing functions, and the increasing use of real-time analysis and mapping on the Internet have increased the utility and demands for the GIS technology. In turn, GIS application in watershed management has changed from operational support (e.g., inventory management and descriptive mapping) to prescriptive modeling and tactical or strategic decision support system.Groundwater constitutes an important source of water for various purposes. The conventional approach for groundwater investigation is ground based survey. Keeping this in view the present study attempts to map groundwater prospect map of the Morar river basin using remote sensing, GIS and geoelectrical techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Akola District , 167 Volume A-Descriptive
    AcN \1<66:f SERVANTS OF INDIA SOCIETY'S LIBRARY PUNE 411 004 FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION To be leturned on or before the last date stamped below. Ro. ye sec. he. CENTRAL PROVINCES 'AND BERAR DISTRICT GAZETTEERS AKOLA DISTRICT , 167 VOLUME A-DESCRIPTIVE BY C, BR9WN, I.C.S, General Editor and I A E NELSON Ie S SuPdt. 01 Gazetteer r .. , '" CALCUTTA PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS 1910 U#7.7/~i ])(01 \ I \ , PREFATORY NOTE. Chapter II, History and Arch~ology, is by Major W. Haig, and Chapter IX, General Administration, by Mr. F. L. Crawford, Deputy Commissioner of the District. Chapter VII, Famine. is abstracted from the reports for Berar as a whole and from those by Mr. Rustomji Faridoonji for Basim in 1896-1897 and Akola in 1899- 1900 and by Mr. F. W. Prideaux for Basim in 1899- 1900. The greater part of the sections on Botany, Wild Animals, and Forests is taken from notes by Mr. R. H. Cole, Divisional Forest Officer, and the medical para­ graphs are largely based on notes by Major P. F. Chapman, I.M.S., Civil Surgeon of Akola. The pl;l.ra­ graphs on the Kanadi, Gopal, Pathrat, and Lonari castes in Chapter III represent information collected in· the District by Mr Adiiram Chaudhri, clerk in the office of the Superintendent of Gazetteer; and most of the local traditions given in the Appendix were recorded by my clerk, Mr. lIfadhorao Rangnath Shembekar, when I was 011 tour in the District. Information has been taken freely from Sir A.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality and Pollution Status of Wardha River (Kaundyanapur) from Amravati District, (M.S.) India
    Water Quality and Pollution Status of Wardha River (Kaundyanapur) from Amravati District, (M.S.) India. G. N. Budhlani,1 M. Musaddiq.2 1-Adarsh Mahavidyalaya, Dhamangaon Rly (444709 ) Dist.Amravati (M.S), India 2-Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Akola (M.S), India, [email protected] Abstract: Ironically, Wardha river passing by Kaundyannapur of Amravati district is viewed as a figure of purification by Hindus in this area and people persist in dumping the ashes of cremated bodies into it likewise the rivers Ganges and Godavari for spiritual rebirth. The physicochemical parameters which were analysed are Total hardness (TH), Total dissolved solids, Total alkalinity, Phosphate, Dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD. The values obtained were compared with BIS standards. Microbiological analysis was carried out to detect total coliforms (MPN/100ml) in river water. This analysis revealed that physicochemical parameters viz, Total hardness (TH), Total alkalinity, COD were beyond acceptable limits as recommended by BIS. Microbiological analysis showed that river water failed to satisfy prescribed limit of BIS. Therefore, present study revealed that Wardha River water passing by Kaundyannapur of Amravati district failed to qualify prescribed standards of BIS in physicochemical and microbiological aspects. Keywords: Microbiological studies, Wardhariver. Introduction: Rivers play an important role in the development of nation and sustenance of life which are being polluted due to speedy urbanization, industrialization and other developmental activities (Alam and Pathak 2010). Supply of potable water is important to the development of any country. The quality of water is described according to their physicochemical and microbiological analysis. For effective maintenance of water quality through appropriate control measures, continuous monitoring of large number of quality parameters is essential (Mishra etal.2008).
    [Show full text]
  • (River/Creek) Station Name Water Body Latitude Longitude NWMP
    NWMP STATION DETAILS ( GEMS / MINARS ) SURFACE WATER Station Type Monitoring Sr No Station name Water Body Latitude Longitude NWMP Project code (River/Creek) Frequency Wainganga river at Ashti, Village- Ashti, Taluka- 1 11 River Wainganga River 19°10.643’ 79°47.140 ’ GEMS M Gondpipri, District-Chandrapur. Godavari river at Dhalegaon, Village- Dhalegaon, Taluka- 2 12 River Godavari River 19°13.524’ 76°21.854’ GEMS M Pathari, District- Parbhani. Bhima river at Takli near Karnataka border, Village- 3 28 River Bhima River 17°24.910’ 75°50.766 ’ GEMS M Takali, Taluka- South Solapur, District- Solapur. Krishna river at Krishna bridge, ( Krishna river at NH-4 4 36 River Krishna River 17°17.690’ 74°11.321’ GEMS M bridge ) Village- Karad, Taluka- Karad, District- Satara. Krishna river at Maighat, Village- Gawali gally, Taluka- 5 37 River Krishna River 16°51.710’ 74°33.459 ’ GEMS M Miraj, District- Sangli. Purna river at Dhupeshwar at U/s of Malkapur water 6 1913 River Purna River 21° 00' 77° 13' MINARS M works,Village- Malkapur,Taluka- Akola,District- Akola. Purna river at D/s of confluence of Morna and Purna, at 7 2155 River Andura Village, Village- Andura, Taluka- Balapur, District- Purna river 20°53.200’ 76°51.364’ MINARS M Akola. Pedhi river near road bridge at Dadhi- Pedhi village, 8 2695 River Village- Dadhi- Pedhi, Taluka- Bhatkuli, District- Pedhi river 20° 49.532’ 77° 33.783’ MINARS M Amravati. Morna river at D/s of Railway bridge, Village- Akola, 9 2675 River Morna river 20° 09.016’ 77° 33.622’ MINARS M Taluka- Akola, District- Akola.
    [Show full text]
  • 24 Maharashtra MPR Dec 2020.Pdf
    National Mission for Clean Ganga Format for submission of Monthly Progress Report in the NGT Matter OA No. 673 of 2018 (in compliance to NGT order dated 24.09.2020) For the State of Maharashtra Overall status of the State: I. Total Population: Urban Population & Rural Population separately: Rural: 6,15,45,441, Urban: 5,08,27,531 II. Estimated Sewage Generation (MLD): 9758 III. Details of Sewage Treatment Plant: Existing no. of STPs and Treatment Capacity (in MLD): 142 STPs with treatment capacity of 7747 MLD (3532.95 MLD Existing and 4214.29 ongoing) Capacity Utilization of existing STPs: 4207 MLD MLD of sewage being treated through Alternate technology: Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant- 15 FSTPs have been installed along polluted river stretches, with total capacity of 290 KLD. Gap in Treatment Capacity in MLD: 2011 No. of Operational STPs:135 No. of Complying STPs:108 No. of Non-complying STPs:27 53 Rivers in Priority I - 9, II - 6, III - 14, IV - 10, V - 14. • MPR received for January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December 2020. • Total sewage generation in PRS – 2728.65 MLD • No. of STPs-73 • Sewage treatment existing in PRS – 1961.40 MLD • Gap in Treatment Capacity-767.25 • Capacity Utilization - 1637.57 MLD • STPs proposed/ ongoing - 1300 MLD (Details provided in the MPR) (Pls refer Annexure-I for river wise progress of STP work) 1 Details of each existing STP in the State Sewage Status Compliance Treatment (Operational / Present Status Location of the Plant (STP) Sr. Name of the Town Non- capacity/ (Comply / Sewage Treatment Installed No.
    [Show full text]
  • ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER K. R. Nagare J. M.Dinore*
    PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH | Volume - 9 | Issue - 12 |December - 2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2250 - 1991 | DOI : 10.36106/paripex ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Zoology MORNA RIVER: WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND DIVERSITYCAL SURVEY IN RELATION KEY WORDS: physicochemical parameter, WITH VECTOR SNAILS FROM AKOLA CITY. Morna river, vector snail. (M.S.) K. R. Nagare Department Of Zoology, Indraraj ACS College, Sillod. Dist. Aurangabad. Department of Chemistry, Indraraj ACS College, Sillod. Dist. Aurangabad. J. M.Dinore* *Corresponding Author Freshwater snails play an important role in the freshwater ecosystem, and some transmit serious diseases to human, animals and fishes (Salem Al et al.1993, Yousif F et al 1993a). Due to disease transmission, snail population becomes an CT essential point of study. The Morna River represents a river of Western India. It is one of the chief tributaries of Purna River and empties in it at Andura Village (N20.89083E76.86386) in Akola District, Maharashtra. Morna is the primary water source for Patur region of Akola district. It rises in the southern Barshitakli tehsil (20.21645E76.94407N) Maharashtra state, and flows northwards, draining Maharashtras Vidarbha region before merging with the Purna river. This survey ABSTRA made to recognise the current status of the river water and its diversitical variation in concern with snails from Akola. The key objective was to encourage the ecosystem awareness and check the risk of vector snails. INTRODUCTION OBSERVATION AND RESULTS: River systems represent the zone of Earth's most significant The water quality check for various parameters are biological diversity and also of our most intense human summarised in following table I- activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Density of Coliform Bacteria in River Tunga at Shivamogga City, Karnataka, India
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2015) 4(7): 624-631 ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 7 (2015) pp. 624-631 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Diversity and Density of Coliform Bacteria in River Tunga at Shivamogga city, Karnataka, India S. Prathibha and V.N.Murulidhar* 1Department of Botany, JSS Degree College for Women (Autonomous), Mysore-570025, Karnataka, India 2Department of Botany, Government First Grade College, Sira-572103, Tumkur District, Karnataka, India *Corresponding author A B S T R A C T Water resources are being polluted due to increasing urbanization, modern practices in agriculture and other human activities. The link between human health K e y w o r d s and environmental pollution is of significant dimension. Studies were conducted with an objective of assessing the coliforms density and dynamics in river Coliform Tungawater. River is polluted with domestic and agriculture wastes of Shivamogga bacteria, city. Water samples were collected from four designated sampling stations of the Water, river. Results revealed that, all the samples from the selected stations contained River, coliforms bacteria above the safe limits for drinking water standards. Thus river Pollution water is unsatisfactory as judged by mean MPN counts of indicator bacteria i.e., total coliforms 2.22 x 107/100 ml. Seasonal variations in coliforms density were recorded with maximum density in summer and monsoon seasons and minimum density in winter seasons. Introduction Water contamination by various routes and directly to detect the presence of all the agents are liable to cause clinically signified different kinds of water borne pathogens, outbreaks of intestinal infections in both any of which may be present only animals and man.
    [Show full text]
  • Washim (M.S.), India A
    International Journal of Applied and Universal Research E-ISSN No: 2395-0269 Volume IV, Issue I, Jan-Feb. 2017 Available online at: www.ijaur.com RESEARCH REVIEW ON FISH FAUNA DIVERSITY OF UMA RIVER BASIN DIST- WASHIM (M.S.), INDIA A. M. Avinashe* and R. C. Mukwane** *P.G. Department of Zoology. S.S.S.K.R. Innani College, Karanja (Lad) Dist. - Washim (India) **Research Scholar Department of Zoology. S.S.S.K.R. Innani College, Karanja (Lad) Dist. - Washim (India) ABSTRACT: - Survey calculated of fresh water fish length is about 67 Km. Its drainage basin is shared by fauna diversity of Uma river basin Dist. Washim (M.S.) near about 27 villages having 02 dams, which are used for a period of one year from June 2014 to May 2015. for drinking, house hold uses, irrigation, fishing purposes We recorded 28 species belonging to 7 orders, 9 families etc. and 23 genera. Cypriniformes order dominated with 16 To investigate the Ichthyofaunal diversity of the Uma species followed by order siluriformes, perciformes and river basin, freshly dead fishes were taken from fish symbranchiformes each with 3species and markets for photographs and study purpose. The atheriniformes, osteoglossiformes and anguliformes each identification of the fish species was done on the basis of with 1species. The major carps, common carps, cat and the color pattern, specific spots/marks on body surface, eel fishes are abundant. In view of lack of information of body shape, structure of fins, mouth shapes etc. which fish diversity in the Uma river basin, present survey was are given in taxonomic key of Talwar and Jhingran undertaken.
    [Show full text]
  • District Survey Report for Akola District
    DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR AKOLA DISTRICT FOR A. SAND MINING OR RIVER BED MINING B. MINERALS OTHER THAN SAND MINING OR RIVER BED MINING (Revision 01) Prepared under A] Appendix –X of MoEFCC, GoI notification S.O. 141(E) dated 15.1.2016 B] Sustainable Sand Mining Guidelines C] MoEFCC, GoI notification S.O. 3611(E) dated 25.07.2018 Declaration In compliance to the notifications, guidelines issued by Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Government of India, New Delhi, District Survey Report (Rev. 01) for Akola district is prepared and published. Place : Akola Date : District Collector, Akola Index Sr. Description Page No. No. 1 District Survey Report for Sand Mining Or River Bed Mining 1-57 1.0 Introduction 02 Brief Introduction of Akola district 03 Salient Features of Akola District 07 2.0 Overview of Mining Activity in the district 09 3.0 List of the Mining Leases in the district with Location, area 11 and period of validity Location of Sand Ghats along the Rivers in the district 15 4.0 Detail of Royalty/Revenue received in last three years from 16 Sand Scooping activity 5.0 Details of Production of Sand or Bajri or minor mineral in last 16 three Years 6.0 Process of Deposition of Sediments in the rivers of the 16 District Stream Flow Guage Map for rivers in Akola district 20 Siltation Map for rivers in Akola district 21 7.0 General Profile of the district 22 8.0 Land Utilization Pattern in the District : Forest, Agriculture, 25 Horticulture, Mining etc. 9.0 Physiography of the District 28 River Inventory of the district 29
    [Show full text]
  • River Morna” Through Akola
    International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-2 Issue-2, May 2013 Water Quality Assessment of “River Morna” Through Akola Sagar M. Gawande Abstract: Akola is growing industrial city and also the pilgrim Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the wastewater place in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State popularly known qualitatively and quantitatively in order to have as cotton city, spreading on an area of 10 Sq.km. It is situated on comprehensive evaluation of Wastewater quality. the bank of “River Morna”. Nearly 65 MLD of waste water is flowing through the drainage system to the river water. Major part of the waste water is directly discharged into the “River II. SAMPLE COLLECTION Morna” and further many villages on the downstream side are Sample is obtained to meet the requirements of sampling using the river water for drinking and for irrigation purposes. programme and so that it does not deteriorate or become The higher BOD, COD and other chemical and biological contaminated before it reaches the laboratory. Depending on contents are polluting the river water and affecting quality of soil analyses to be performed, the containers were filled fully by lowering its fertility and health effect to people of Akola. It was (most organic analyses) and space for aeration, mixing etc. intended to carry out the analysis of waste water of “River Morna”. The sampling points were decided for collection of waste (microbiological analyses) was left of about half inch. water from the “River Morna” and analysis is carried out and the Representative samples from the sources were obtained only results are discussed in the paper.
    [Show full text]