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Education System Spain

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Education system S pain described and compared with the Dutch system Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain This document provides information about the education system of Spain. We explain the Dutch equivalent of the most common qualifications from Spain for the purpose of admission to Dutch higher education. Disclaimer We assemble the information for these descriptions of education systems with the greatest care. However, we cannot be held responsible for the consequences of errors or incomplete information in this document. With the exception of images and illustrations, the content of this publication is subject to the Creative Commons Name NonCommercial 3.0 Unported licence. Visit www.nuffic.nl/en/home/copyright for more information on the reuse of this publication. Education system Spain | Nuffic | 2nd edition, March 2011 | version 3, June 2018 2 Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain Education system Spain – before introduction bachelor-master structure Doctor L8 (PhD) Diploma de Suficiencia Investigadora / L7 Diploma de Estudios Avanzados L7 L6 postgraduate Título de Licenciado / Ingeniero / Arquitecto Curso Puente (universities) (supplementary programme) 4-6 Segundo Ciclo L6 Diplomado/Ingeniero Técnico/Arquitecto Técnico/ L6 (universities) Maestro (university schools) 2-3 3 Primer Ciclo L5 (universities) L4 2-3 Título de Técnico Superior (higher vocational training) undergraduate 2 Prueba de Acceso a la Universidad - Selectividad L4 (entrance examination) entrance examination L3 Título de Bachiller L4 Título de Técnico L3 (upper secondary education) (intermediate vocational training) 2 Título de Graduado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria - ESO L2 (compulsory secondary education) 4 Educación primaria L1 (primary education) 6 0 Duration of education Education system Spain | Nuffic | 2nd edition, March 2011 | version 3, June 2018 3 Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain Education system Spain – after introduction bachelor-master structure Doctor L8 (PhD) Título de Máster Universitario L7 postgraduate (university education) 1-2 Título de Graduado L6 (university education) undergraduate 4 Título de Técnico Superior L5 (higher vocational training) entrance examination L4 2 entrance examination L3 Título de Bachiller L3 Título de Técnico L3 (upper secondary education) (intermediate vocational training) 2 2 Título de Graduado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria - ESO L2 (compulsory secondary education) 4 Educación primaria L1 (primary education) 6 0 Duration of education Education system Spain | Nuffic | 2nd edition, March 2011 | version 3, June 2018 4 Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain Evaluation chart The left-hand column in the table below lists the most common foreign qualifications with corresponding levels in the national qualifications framework. The other columns show the Dutch equivalent along with the corresponding levels in the Dutch and European qualifications frameworks. Degree or qualification and EQF Dutch equivalent and NLQF level EQF MECES level level level Título de Técnico MBO diploma (qualification 1-4 1-4 levels 1-4) Título de Técnico Superior 1 5 at least an MBO diploma 4 4 (qualification level 4) Título de Bachiller at least a HAVO diploma 4 4 Diplomado/Arquitecto HBO bachelor’s degree 6 6 Técnico/Ingeniero Técnico/ Título de Maestro Título Superior de Música/ HBO bachelor’s degree 6 6 de Danza/en Arte Dramático Título de Graduado 2 6 WO or HBO bachelor’s degree 6 6 Máster Universitario 3 7 WO or HBO master’s degree 7 7 Licenciado/Ingeniero/ WO or HBO master’s degree 7 7 Arquitecto NB • The information provided in the table is a general recommendation from which no rights may be derived. • MECES = Spanish Qualifications Framework for Higher Education. NLQF = Dutch Qualifications Framework. EQF = European Qualifications Framework. • The EQF/NLQF level is not so much a reflection of study load or content; rather, it is an indication of a person’s knowledge and skills after having completed a certain programme of study. • Information about Dutch equivalent qualifications can be found on our website: the Dutch education system. • The Cooperation Organisation for Vocational Education, Training and the Labour Market (SBB), evaluates statements on foreign qualifications and training at VMBO and MBO level. The evaluation may vary if SBB evaluates the diploma for admission to VET schools or the labour market in the Netherlands. Education system Spain | Nuffic | 2nd edition, March 2011 | version 3, June 2018 5 Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain Introduction Spain is a parliamentary monarchy with a king as head of state. The country is divided into 17 autonomous regions (comunidades autónomas) including the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands and the 2 autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla (ciudades autónomas) on the African continent. In addition to Spanish, which is spoken throughout the country, co-official languages such as Catalan, Galician and Basque are also spoken in some autonomous regions. Education The Spanish authority, the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport) shares responsibility with the educational authorities of the autonomous regions, the comunidades autónomas. The legal framework of the Spanish education system lies in the constitution of 1978 and a number of education acts. The basic principles of and rights to education are laid down in the education acts. The various amendments to those acts are embodied in Royal decrees andministerial orders. The 2006 act, Ley Orgánica de la Educación (LOE), regulates primary, secondary and post-secondary education (which is referred to in Spain as non-university higher education), as well as secondary and higher arts education, post- secondary language education, sports education and adult education. The most important act regulating higher education is the Ley Orgánica de Universidades (LOU) of 2001. This act, which was amended by the LOU of 2007, completely reformed higher education offered at the universities. It introduced an ECTS-based study load, a competency-based organization of programmes, quality assurance by the ANECA accreditation body, a 1-year extension of the initial programmes and a new structure for the doctorate. The Ley Orgánica para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa (LOMCE) of 2013 has led to changes in the curricula and evaluation of primary, secondary education, and initial, intermediate and advanced vocational programmes. The reforms are gradually being introduced. Some general characteristics: • Compulsory education: from age 6 to 16. • Language of instruction: Spanish, Catalan, Galician or Basque, depening on the region or school. • Academic year: from September to June. Education system Spain | Nuffic | 2nd edition, March 2011 | version 3, June 2018 6 Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain Primary and secondary education Spain distinguishes the following educational stages: • educación infantil (pre-school education); • educación primaria (primary education); • educación secundaria (secondary education). These educational levels are provided at 3 different types of education centres: • centros públicos, i.e. regional authority maintained schools, which are free; • centros concertados, i.e. private schools that are publicly funded by the regional administrations; • centros privados, i.e. parents pay for their children’s education. Educación primaria Primary education (educación primaria) is intended for pupils aged 6 to 12. This type of education is compulsory and free. Educación secundaria Secondary education (educación secundaria) is compulsory up to age 16 and is free. The reforms of the education system have resulted in new names for the various levels in general secondary education. Secondary education (educación secundaria) consists of: • educación secundaria obligatoria (compulsory); • educación secundaria postobligatoria (non-compulsory). Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) Compulsory secondary education is intended for the age category 12 to 16 years. The duration is 4 years. The fourth year, attention is paid to both secondary education and entry into the labour market. At the end of the fourth year, the certificate Título de Graduado de Educación Secundaria or, as it is now called, Título de Graduado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) is awarded. Another learning track is available for pupils who complete the ESO without a certificate: Programas de Cualificación Profesional Inicial – PCPI (initial vocational training). Completion of these programmes results in the award of a Cualificación Profesional, which grants holders access to intermediate vocational training following an entrance examination that assesses the student’s level of general education. Educación Secundaria Postobligatoria After the ESO certificate has been obtained, students have a number of options for further education: • the Bachillerato, in preparation of university education; • the formación profesional de grado medio, intermediate vocational training; Education system Spain | Nuffic | 2nd edition, March 2011 | version 3, June 2018 7 Education system | Evaluation chart Education system Spain • las enseñanzas de artes plásticas y diseño de grado medio, intermediate vocational art education; • las enseñanzas deportivas de grado medio, intermediate vocational sports education. 1 The Bachillerato0F lasts 2 years, after which the Título de Bachiller is
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