PSYCHOLOGY OF NEWSLETTER A N M IO E T R A I CI CA O N SS PS A YCHOLOGICAL AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION DIVISION 36

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oday, I would like to talk about is that there is a lot of work to be done in Positive , the Psychol- developing these links, so if you find these The Psychology Togy of Religion, and how these topics intriguing, you are in luck, as they two areas of psychology are related. await future development and integration. of Religion When I originally came up with the idea for this address, in a conversation with What I will share with you today is my and Positive Ken Pargament, I hadn’t much take on the ways that psychology of reli- about it, but it seemed to me that there gion and positive psychology inform each Psychology was a lot of overlap and a lot of similar other, or should inform each other. First, ideas in these two areas, so it should be I want to talk about positive psychology relatively straightforward to integrate and my understanding of what this means Crystal L. Park them. However, in working on pulling for the field of psychology. Then I want this talk together, I found that it wasn’t to talk about how University of Connecticut so simple. Both terms are very broad, might interface with positive psychology, delineating large areas of study—neither after which I will highlight a few examples Presidential Address one subsumes the other—and, in fact, it where religion takes an especially promi- APA Division 36 has turned out to be quite a challenge nent place. I will conclude with some sug- (Psychology of Religion) to discern how they fit together. gestions for the future development of the integration of the psychology of religion Presented at the 111th It turns out that, to this point, few theorists and positive psychology. Annual Convention of the or researchers have spoken or written on these two topics together. Some people (Continued on page 2) American Psychological are beginning to do this: Ken Pargament Association wrote a chapter in the Handbook of Posi- tive Psychology, providing an overview Toronto, Ontario of (Pargament, 2002). Earlier August 9, 2003 this year, Mike McCullough gave a talk INSIDE on “Religion, Spirituality, and Positive Psychology” at the conference on Spiritu- 2003 Meeting Minutes ality and Health (sponsored by the Inter- Executive Committee ...... 9 national Center for the Integration of Business Meeting ...... 11 Health and Spirituality and held on the APA Council Report ...... 12 NIH campus in Bethesda), primarily focus- ing on and ; and last New President’s Statement ...... 13 year, Bob Emmons presented a talk on Executive Committee Roster ...... 14 “Religion and Positive Psychology” at the Call for Papers, International Positive Psychology Summit. So this topic is getting some . Archiv für Religionspsychologie .. 15 Announcements ...... 16 Essentially, though, there is very little prior Call for Proposals, 2004 Convention . . 17 work pulling these topics together, which might be surprising to you. I know it was 2004 Mid-Winter Conference ..... 18 to me, and so I have had to rely on my Call for Division Nominations . . . . . 20 own devices and in this chal- lenge. The good news for you, however,

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Presidential Address What Is Positive Psychology? retical and research scholarship focusing on positive aspects of people and their — Continued from page 1 What is positive psychology? The defini- lives. However, a more in-depth reading tion given by Seligman and Csikszentmi- of the positive psychology literature indi- halyi, in their 2000 American Psycholo- cates that many in this area take a much gist article: more balanced approach to the history of positive psychology. Baltes and Freund The field of positive psychology at (2003) observed that the sense that psy- the subjective level is about valued chology lacks a focus on the positive subjective experiences: well-being, seems to arise from research in clinical , and satisfaction (in the psychology, particularly as communicated past); and (for the in the lay or public arena, where psychol- future); and and (in ogy is typically reduced to a considera- the present). At the individual level, tion of psychopathology and treatment. it is about positive individual traits: the capacity for and vocation, Many proponents of positive psychology , interpersonal skill, aesthetic have noted that it is the specific and sensibility, perseverance, forgiveness, intentional emphasis on the positive and originality, future-mindedness, spiri- the integration of multiple existing lines tuality, high talent, and . At of research that are the hallmarks of this the group level, it is about the civic field, along with the name, which does and the institutions that move appear to be new. So, many of these individuals toward better citizenship: scholars acknowledge that positive psy- responsibility, nurturance, altruism, chology has been a presence within psy- civility, moderation, tolerance, and chology for a long time, and note the work ethic. (Seligman & Csikszentmi- importance of recognizing and drawing halyi, 2000, p. 5) upon the collective research that has been ongoing for many decades. Essentially, those working in positive psychology describe it as the study of strengths and prevention as well as the individual, community, and societal fac- A Psychology of Positive tors that make life worth living. AND Negative?

A second question, and one that I think is extremely important, is: Where is the Is Positive Psychology New? place for the negative in positive psychol- Much to my dismay, my cursory reading ogy? Some authors argue that there is no of the positive psychology literature place for the negative, that there is revealed a strong emphasis on the nov- already such a heavy focus on deficits elty of a positive approach to psychologi- and that this is a new leaf to cal affairs. In that American turn, to focus exclusively on positive article, Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi phenomena. (2000) observed, “We well recognize that positive psychology is not a new idea. It Lisa Aspinwall and Ursula Staudinger has many distinguished ancestors, and we (2003), in their book on strengths, make no claim of originality. However, acknowledged that examining the posi- these ancestors somehow failed to attract tive aspects of negative states and the a cumulative, empirical body of research negative aspects of positive states are to ground their ideas” (p. 13). Because essential parts of a psychology of human there is no empirical body of research, strengths. They argued, however, that they argue, the need arises to call for it would be wrong to assume that all research on positive psychology topics. or even most positive experiences and characteristics must derive from negative For those of us engaged in scholarship in experiences and characteristics, or that the psychology of religion, this seems positive experiences and characteristics inconsistent with what we know, given are not important in their own right. the strong and longstanding lines of theo- This sentiment—the need to examine

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P SYCHOLOGY OF R ELIGION N EWSLETTER — APA DIVISION 36 explicitly and exclusively positive phe- future); and flow and happiness (in Presidential Address nomena—is echoed in the writings of the present). At the individual level, many positive psychology proponents. it is about positive individual traits: — Continued from page 2 the capacity for love and vocation, On the other hand, some authors have courage, interpersonal skill, aesthetic argued against the false dichotomies that sensibility, perseverance, forgiveness, separate positive and negative features of originality, future-mindedness spiritu- the human condition, as Carol Ryff and ality, high talent, and wisdom. At the Barton Singer (2003) described it. Ryff group level, it is about the civic and Singer argue that living well comes virtues and the institutions that move from effortful, frequently challenging and individuals toward better citizenship: frustrating engagement in living, and that responsibility, nurturance, altruism, well-being is a strength honed by chal- civility, moderation, tolerance, and lenge. They argued convincingly, at least work ethic. (Seligman & Csikszentmi- to me, that, “Wellness comes from active halyi, 2000, p. 5) encounters with life’s challenges, - backs, and demands, not from blissful, Doesn’t this sound a lot like much of conflict-free, smooth sailing. Those who the subject matter that of would advance a social scientific under- religion have been studying for many, standing of human strengths must recog- many years? First, of course, spirituality nize this dialectic between pain and plea- is explicitly mentioned. But also, as one sure, between what is high-minded and delves further into the subject matter of inspiring, and what is painful, debasing positive psychology, it becomes clear that and cause for despair. Human well-being many of these topics already have a great is fundamentally about the joining of deal of information available through psy- these two realms” (p. 279). chology of religion research. Let me show you a few illustrations.

First, let me talk about the TABLE 1. List of Virtues and Strengths Psychology of Religion Values in Action Project. and Positive Psychology: Recently, many of those in (From Seligman & Peterson, 2003) Where Do We Fit? the vanguard of the positive psychology movement have VIRTUES STRENGTHS As he was in so many ways, William been emphasizing strengths Wisdom and , interest James was ahead of his time in writing or virtues. A group led by Knowledge Love of learning about religion and positive psychology. Chris Peterson and George Judgment He didn’t use the term, of course, but he Vaillant has been working on Practical , creativity wrote about healthy mindedness in the developing a taxonomy or Perspective Varieties of . He classification of character Courage Valor argued that religion, in the form of mind- strengths, which they call the Industry, perseverance cure, leads to contentment and well- Values in Action Project. The Integrity, honesty being, even influencing physical health work is in progress but is cur- Zest, enthusiasm as well as science does, or even better rently available on the Inter- Love Intimacy, attachment (James, cited in Ryff & Singer, 2003). So, net. A book detailing these , generosity over 100 years ago, James was integrating strengths and the classifica- Social/emotional the psychology of religion and positive tion scheme is following, Justice Duty, loyalty, citizenship psychological phenomena. which Marty Seligman and Fairness, equity Chris Peterson (2003a) Well, where are we today, the psychol- described as the Un-DSM and Forgiveness, mercy ogy of religion vis-à-vis positive psychol- as the DSM of the American Modesty, ogy? Let’s revisit the definition of positive Psychological Association, psychology: focusing on the “sanities,” in Self-control contrast to the pathology Transcendence , wonder, appreciation of beauty The field of positive psychology at focus of the other APA’s DSM Gratitude the subjective level is about valued (Seligman & Peterson, 2002) Hope, optimism subjective experiences: well-being, (See TABLE 1). Playfulness, humor contentment, and satisfaction (in the Spirituality, sense of purpose, past); hope and optimism (for the (Continued on page 4) religiousness

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TABLE 2. Table of Contents of the (Continued from page 3) ogy of religion informs these topics. First, Handbook of the Psychology of these are virtues that are commended Religion (in preparation). within the texts and traditions of many This list is based on six core of the world. Second, the psy- moral virtues that emerge chology of religion research has much to PART 1: Introduction consensually across cultures say about nearly all of these strengths. 1. The Soul of the Psychology of Religion and throughout time: Wisdom Ken Pargament and others have been 2. Religion and Spirituality and Knowledge, Courage, writing about the centrality of the sacred 3. Measurement Issues Love, Justice, Temperance, to human experience, and I think it is 4. Research Methods and Transcendence. Character clear, in looking over a list like this, that 5. Approaches strengths are the psychologi- much of the work we have been doing 6. Psychology of Religion: The Next Generation cal processes or mechanisms within the psychology of religion already that define the virtues. Under provides a lot of information on these. PART 2: Religion through the the of Transcendence, Developmental Lens there are four strengths: 7. Religious Development in Children: Appreciation of Beauty and Highlight How Psychology Stages, Role of Family, and Schools Excellence, Gratitude, Hope 8. Religious Development Through the Lifespan: and Optimism, and Spiritual- of Religion Includes A Focus Adolescence and Adulthood ity. Spirituality is last, at #24. on Positive Phenomena 9. Religion, Aging, and Death Spirituality is described as the 10. Religion and Marital, Family, and Community most human and most sublime Okay, so far you have gotten a sense of Relationships strength, involving coherent positive psychology, where the movement beliefs about the higher pur- is, and our place, perhaps on the list (#24), PART 3: Religion and Basic Psychology pose and of the uni- along with some ideas about how the psy- Sub-disciplines verse and one’s place in it. It chology of religion much more broadly involves having a theory about contributes to the areas of inquiry on 11. of Religion the ultimate strengths and positive aspects of function- 12. Religion and that shapes a person’s conduct ing. Let me talk about this in general, and 13. Religion, Attitudes, and Pro- and Anti- Social and provides comfort. They then give you a few specific examples. Behavior note that it is linked to an 14. Religion and Personality interest in moral and First, here is the table of contents for our 15. of Religion the pursuit of goodness. book project, The Handbook of the Psy- chology of Religion, which Ray Paloutzian PART 4: The Construction and Chris Peterson and Marty and I are currently editing (See TABLE 2). Expression of Religion Seligman (2003b), in the in- 16. Religious Struggle and Strain progress work on Values in These are our handbook chapters, which 17. Doubt, Conversion, and Spiritual Transformation Action, wrote, “To founding means that they are major areas within 18. Mystical, Spiritual, and Religious Experiences fathers of psychology…spiri- our field of the psychology of religion, 19. Religious Practice, Ritual, and Prayer tual phenomena represented and that there is substantial literature 20. Fundamentalism and Authoritarianism critically important topics for associated with each of these topics. 21. Religion and Values, Virtues, and Vices psychological study. Since the Much of this literature focuses on the 22. Religion and Gratitude, Forgiveness, and early part of the 20th century, positive aspects of the human experience. Positive Psychology however, psychologists have Reading through the topics, there are 23. Religion as a Meaning System tended to ignore it, view it as obvious connections between the psy- pathological, or treat is as a chology of religion and the field known PART 5: Psychology of Religion process that can be reduced as “positive psychology,” such as grati- and Applied Areas to more basic functions” tude and forgiveness and virtues, but 24. Religion and Health (Peterson & Seligman, 2003b). there are many other links. For example, 25. Religion and , Disorder, Well-being This kind of statement in the spiritual transformation, mystical experi- 26. Religion and Coping writings of leaders in the posi- ences, pro-social behavior, meaning sys- 27. Psychology of Religion in Clinical and tive psychology movement tems, and coping resources are all areas makes me wonder whether in common. Additional chapters will 28. Religion, Spirituality, and Organizational they are aware of the large include positive as well as negative phe- Functioning amount of research we do, or nomena; for example, the chapter on reli- 29. Religion, Terrorism, and International Relations whether they are, for some gion and emotion includes a focus on 30. Psychology of Religion in the Future: Data, reason, resistant to it. positive as well as negative . Theory, and Application Look at this list again and Thus, I think that it is important for those think about how the psychol- of us doing scholarship in the psychology

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P SYCHOLOGY OF R ELIGION N EWSLETTER — APA DIVISION 36 of religion to reach out to those in the common major life . Values are the Presidential Address field of positive psychology and show ways in which we select and pursue our them what we have to offer, help to draw . Often values are strongly influenced — Continued from page 4 the links between what is already known, by religious factors as well. Life goals and emphasize how, for many people, can be inquired about directly, or can be the strengths and virtues that they are inferred by indicators such as the amount identifying have already been a part of of time, energy, resources, or money spent our discipline for a long time and how in their pursuit. religiousness and spirituality are central aspects of many of these strengths and Subjective sense of meaning refers to a virtues for many people. sense of “meaningfulness” or sense of meaning or purpose in life. Religiousness To illustrate these links between positive is typically found to be related to life sat- psychology and the psychology of reli- isfaction in both national surveys and in gion, I am going to talk about just a few more in-depth studies of people in the areas that I think nicely illustrate impor- US and worldwide. tant aspects of human life in which reli- gion often plays an important role, and In general, people’s awareness of these that fit under the rubric of “positive psy- global aspects of meaning is limited. If chology.” In particular, I want to talk you ask people, they can focus on it, but about research on meaning in life and the generally, they are engaged in the daily phenomenon of stress-related growth. business and busyness of life. How do these aspects of global meaning get trans- lated into daily life? Through interpreta- tions, projects, and a subjective sense of Meaning in Life meaning. Meaning in life is, of course, a big topic in and of itself. For this talk, I have con- Interpretations are the ways that we ceptualized meaning as consisting of two understand daily occurrences as well as aspects: meaning in life generally and the major life events. Those who are religious making of meaning in crises or difficult have many more options for making inter- times (see FIGURE 1). pretations and attributions that are benign. Personal Projects are those bite-sized goals First, let me describe meaning in life that we pursue on a daily basis derived generally and how religiousness can be from our long-term higher-order goals. involved in these components of mean- Bob Emmons’ work has demonstrated in ing. Global Meaning consists of three a number of studies that those with spiri- aspects: beliefs, goals and values, and tual strivings are better off on a variety of a subjective sense of meaning. Global Beliefs consist of highly encompassing (Continued on page 6 ) beliefs such as fairness/justice, luck, con- trol, predictability/coherence, benevo- lence, personal vulnerability, and, finally, FIGURE 1. Model of Life Meaning spirituality/religious beliefs, which can be understood as a set of beliefs, but also can In general In crisis be conceptualized as commonly underly- ing all of the other global beliefs (cf., Park Global Aspects of Life Meaning & Folkman, 1997). That is, beliefs in fair- ness, control, coherence, benevolence of Beliefs Awareness dim Made explicit the world and other people, and vulnera- Goals/values by violations bility are often related to and informed Subjective component by one’s spiritual and religious beliefs.

Goals and values consist of those things Global Aspects Translated into Daily Life that we hold most important in life, what we work towards being or achieving or Projects Greater awareness Disruption maintaining. Common life goals include Interpretations /attention Focus lost relationships, work, health, wealth, knowl- Subjective component edge, and achievement. Religion is a very

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Presidential Address dimensions. Ken Pargament’s work has understanding and adding value to diffi- shown that, even for people whose daily culties and suffering as well as ways to — Continued from page 5 projects are not explicitly spiritual, their see the work of a loving God (Park, in pursuit of strivings that are imbued with press-a). sacredness are related to higher levels of well-being. Subjective Sense of meaning Meaning-making reappraisals of stressful on a daily level refers to immediate levels encounters may help to sustain religious of positive and negative and life beliefs, even if the logic of these reap- satisfaction. praisals may appear to be somewhat con- voluted. For example, in a study I con- This general description of components ducted with Larry Cohen, of the attribu- of global meaning in life illustrates some tions that bereaved college students made of the ways that positive psychology can for their friends’ deaths, one participant be informed by attending to what we explained that her friend, who had been already know about religiousness and killed by a drunken driver who ran over meaning. Now, turning from this general the curb and struck her on the sidewalk, description of meaning when things are was entirely responsible for her own going along okay, let me talk for a bit death and that God was not at all respon- about crises and the process of meaning- sible. Another student explained that her making. What happens when things go friend, who had been severely disabled, wrong? There are a number of theories was not at all responsible for her own of stress and trauma that emphasize that death, a suicide, because God had made distress arises when something occurs her the way she was and had given her that violates a person’s global meaning, no other options (Park & Cohen, 1993; particularly his or her beliefs and goals Park, in press-a) (e.g., Janoff-Bulman, 1989; see Park & Folkman, 1997, for a review). For exam- Such reappraisals can be related to better ple, people typically have beliefs that adjustment to a crisis. For example, in they have control over their lives, that a study of caregivers of terminally ill the world is reasonably fair, that they patients by Mickley and colleagues (1998), are good people and that bad things those caregivers who appraised their situ- don’t happen to good people, and that ation as part of God’s plan or as a means God is good and is looking after them of gaining strength or understanding from and protecting them. They also typically God reported positive outcomes on a have a sense that they are on track with variety of mental, physical, and spiritual their goal pursuits, getting the things that measures. they want in their lives. When something happens that violates these beliefs, such Of course, religious interpretations are as a diagnosis of cancer or the death of a not always positive. For example, care- child, these global beliefs can be severely givers in that study who viewed their sit- violated, and the goals of health or a con- uation as unjust, as unfair punishment tinued relationship with one’s child are from God, or as desertion from God had also violated. People become more aware lower scores on mental and spiritual of their global meaning systems, while health outcomes. However, the larger daily concerns fade into the background. view of this meaning-making process Meaning-making refers to that process of suggests that regaining a consistent coming to see the situation in a different worldview is an important part of recov- way and reviewing and reforming one’s ery, although some individuals hold neg- beliefs and goals to regain consistency ative beliefs about the nature of God and among them. Religiousness commonly the world. plays a very important role in meaning- making, both because it is a part of the global beliefs and goals of many people and because it provides a system of rein- Stress-Related Growth terpretations and ways of understanding Let me turn to one final illustration of the these traumatic experiences that is con- interplay between positive psychology sistent with their global meaning (Park and the psychology of religion, the phe- & Folkman, 1997). One strength of most nomenon of stress-related growth. People religious traditions is providing ways of in crisis often experience disruptions in

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P SYCHOLOGY OF R ELIGION N EWSLETTER — APA DIVISION 36 significant relationships, challenges to more intimate with their loved ones, Presidential Address their basic values and beliefs, and changes handling stress in better ways, taking in their roles. Although these disturbances better care of themselves, seeing their — Continued from page 6 can lead to many negative consequences, own identities more clearly, feeling closer the processes involved in confronting to God, appreciating the everyday things them may also promote broadened per- in life more, and having the courage to spectives, new coping skills, and the try new things (Park, in press-b). development of personal and social resources. These positive changes in the A number of characteristics have been aftermath of stressful life experiences are found to be related to experiencing more often referred to as “stress-related growth.” growth following stressful life experiences, While the idea that people can and often including being female, experiencing a do experience stress-related growth is moderately severe stressor, and the per- very old, it has only recently been receiv- sonality characteristics of optimism and ing widespread empirical attention. hope. One of the most consistent predic- tors of positive life change, following life Now, is this positive psychology? Some stressors or trauma, is religiousness, mea- positive psychology proponents would sured in various ways, including intrinsic argue that because stress-related growth, religiousness, religious attributions, and by its nature, involves a stress component, religious coping. Religiousness has been it does not meet the requirement of being shown to be related to growth in individ- fully positive. On the other hand, Carol uals dealing with a variety of stressful life Ryff and Barton Singer (2003), writing events, including bereavement, raising about personal growth, said, “The capac- an autistic child, hospitalization, being ity to continually realize one’s talent and diagnosed with cancer, sexual assault, potential, as well as to develop new and testing positive for HIV. It has been resources and strengths, frequently hypothesized that having a religious involves encounters with adversity that framework for understanding, and per- require one to dig deeply to find one’s haps also the presence of religious social inner strength … Self-expansion through support, helps individuals to make more challenge quintessentially illustrates the meaning from their situation, including human spirit’s remarkable capacity to identifying positive aspects of the stress- survive loss, recovers from adversity, ful encounter, although this hypothesis and thrives in the face of overwhelming awaits empirical examination (Park, in obstacles” (p. 278). So, depending on press-c). where one places the limit on negative experiences in positive psychology, stress-related growth may or may not qualify as positive psychology. Recommendations for Future Scholarship Bridging the Nonetheless, many, but not all, people Positive Psychology– report experiencing growth following a stressful encounter. Reporting positive Psychology of Religion Gap changes does not appear to negate the It is clear that positive psychology has a adverse impact and suffering that people lot to offer us in the psychology of reli- typically experience following negative gion and that we have a lot to offer posi- events, but seems, instead, to be another tive psychology as well. Let me make aspect of the overall experience of coping some recommendations for future scholar- with and adjusting to stressful events. ship in bridging the positive psychology- Thus, attention to stress-related growth psychology of religion gap. has begun to provide a more balanced and complete picture of the processes First, look for links between your work people undergo and the adjustments they and the emerging virtues and strengths; make following stressful encounters. Some when you get opportunities, tie your of the changes people report are profound, work into some of the exciting things reorienting their lives and rededicating going on in positive psychology. This will themselves to their reconsidered priori- help to make our work more accessible ties. Many others involve smaller, but still highly important, changes, such as being (Continued on page 8)

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(Continued from page 7) References Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (2003). Ironies of the human condition: Well-being and health on the way to mortality. Aspinwall L. G., & Staudinger, U. M. In. L. G. Aspinwall & U. M. Staudinger to those outside of our own world of (2003). A psychology of human (Eds.), A psychology of human strengths the psychology of religion and provide strengths: Some central issues of an (pp. 271–288). Washington, DC: more visibility and influence to psy- emerging field. In. L. G. Aspinwall & American Psychological Association. U. M. Staudinger (Eds.), A psychology chology at large. of human strengths (pp. 9–22). Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Positive Washington, DC: American psychology, positive prevention, and Second, read up on the positive psy- Psychological Association. positive . In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive chology approach to mental health Baltes, P. B., & Freund, A. M. (2003). and . I haven’t psychology (pp. 3–13). Oxford, England: Human strengths as the orchestration Oxford University Press. really touched on it today, but there of wisdom and selective optimization are some very interesting ideas there, with compensation. In. L. G. Aspinwall Seligman, M. E. P., & Peterson, C. (2003). and again, it would behoove us to & U. M. Staudinger (Eds.), A psychology Positive clinical psychology. In. L. G. Aspinwall & U. M. Staudinger (Eds.), draw the connections with what we of human strengths (pp. 23–36). Washington, DC: American A psychology of human strengths (pp. know and what we do regarding reli- Psychological Association. 305–318). Washington, DC: American giousness, spirituality, existential well- Psychological Association. being, and the promotion of strengths Janoff-Bulman, R. (1989). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. and competencies. events: Applications of the schema (2000). Positive psychology: An construct. Social , 7, 113–136. introduction. American Psychologist, 55, Third, think carefully about the role 5–14. Mickley, J. R., Pargament, K. I., Brandt, of the negative in positive psychol- C. R., & Hipp, K. M. (1998). God and ogy, if there is one at all. Clearly, the search for meaning among hospice most researchers can benefit from caregivers. Hospice Journal, 13, 1–18. reminders to include the positive in Pargament, K. I., & Mahoney, A. (2002). their work, but do we want an exclu- Spirituality: Discovering and conserving sively positive psychology, or do we the sacred. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez want to strike a balance, and if so, (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology how do we do that? (pp. 646–659). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Park, C. L. (in press-a). Religion as a meaning-making framework in coping In Conclusion with life stress. Journal of Social Issues. So, what I have covered, briefly, is Park, C. L. (in press-b). Stress-related my take on the ways that psychology growth. In N. Anderson (Ed.), Encyclopedia of health and behavior. of religion and positive psychology Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. inform each other, or should inform each other. First, I talked about posi- Park, C. L. (in press-c). The notion of stress-related growth: Problems and tive psychology and my understand- prospects. Psychological Inquiry. ing of what this means for the field of psychology, and about how the Park, C. L., & Cohen, L. H. (1993). Religious and non-religious coping with psychology of religion might inter- the death of a friend. Cognitive Therapy face with positive psychology. I high- and Research, 17, 561–577. lighted a few places where religion Park, C. L., & Folkman, S. (1997). The role takes an especially prominent place, of meaning in the context of stress and specifically in meaning in life and coping. General Review of Psychology, 1, stress-related growth. It is my hope 115–144. that researchers in the psychology of Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2003a). religion will be active in promoting Values in Action (VIA) classification of our work in the growing field of posi- strengths. Chapter 1: Introduction. tive psychology, and that those in the http://www.positivepsychology.org/via positive psychology movement will manualintro.pdf give more attention and credit to the Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2003b). long standing and rich theoretical and Values in Action (VIA) classification of research traditions in the psychology strengths. Chapter 2: Transcendence. http://www.positivepsychology.org/via of religion that deal indirectly and manualtranscendence.pdf directly with positive psychological phenomena.

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eeting called to order by President become self-supporting as soon as MPark. possible. Minutes of Minutes of 2002 APA Division 36 EC meet- 5. PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS’ REPORT ing. Motion by Wulff to approve and (Crystal Park for absent Josh Kay Division 36 motion carried. and Carrie Hatch). A total of 24 paper submissions were Executive Minutes of 2003 Midwinter Division 36 EC received, and 8 were turned down. meeting. Motion by Hathaway to approve Authors of 4 paper submissions were Committee (EC) and motion carried. asked to present in the poster session, and the remaining 12 were presented Meeting The following reports were submitted in as papers. A total of 39 poster sub- proper order: missions were received, and 36 were accepted. 2003 APA Convention 1. PRESIDENT’S REPORT (Crystal Park). Recognition and thanks were given 6. HOSPITALITY SUITE CHAIR REPORT to individuals for helping Division 36 (Jeremy Haskins). Toronto, Ontario, to accomplish projects this past year: Because of the currency exchange Canada (1) Jim Casebolt, in establishing our rate issue, a complete expense state- website and launching our listserve; ment for the hospitality suite and 7:00 – 9:00 am and (2) Scott Richards, in compiling a social hour was not available, but list of Division 36 Award Recipients. expenditures were within budget. August 9, 2003 Discussion of the first Midwinter Con- Some discussion followed on the dif- ference in Baltimore: good atten- ficulties in having the social hour in dance, high quality presentations, a hotel different from the convention and opportunity for the EC to meet and hospitality suite, as was scheduled and discuss business. Commenda- by APA. Overall good activity in the tions were extended to Ralph Pied- hospitality suite was reported this year. mont, who led in organizing the con- ference. Need was expressed to con- 7. AWARDS CHAIR REPORT (Ralph Hood). tinue the compilation of EC roles and Recommendations for 2004 Division responsibilities, and to discuss the 36 Awards: Margaret Gorman Early future possibility of having student Career Award, Israelia Silberman; representation on the EC. Bier Award, Naomi R. Goldenberg; and Distinguished Service Award, Ed 2. PAST PRESIDENT’S REPORT (Crystal Park Shafranske. Motion by David Wulff to for absent Ed Schefranske). approve, second by Mark McMinn Announcement of election results: and approval by EC. • President-Elect, P. Scott Richards, Ph.D. 8. FELLOWS CHAIR REPORT (David Wulff). • Secretary, Lisa Miller, Ph.D. No recommendations were made. • Member at Large, M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall, Ph.D. 9. MEMBERSHIP CHAIR REPORT (Crystal Park for absent Ralph Piedmont). 3. COUNCIL REPRESENTATIVES’ REPORT Membership report data indicated the (Bill Hathaway; see APA Council of following: Representatives Report in this issue.). 84 Fellows 1,423 Regular Members 4. TREASURER’S REPORT (Rod Bassett). 104 Associate Members Attendees: A report summary indicated: an 668 Student Affiliates Rod Bassett income of $21,806; expenditures of 35 Professional Affiliates Robert Emmons $27,327; and a current asset balance 7 Unknown Jeremy S. Haskell of $37,559. The deficit regarding the 2,321 Total Division Membership Bill Hathaway income/expense figures reflected Ralph Hood underwriting of the Midwinter confer- New members elected this year Mark McMinn ence, but the total expenses for the were 120, a slight drop from the Crystal Park year were below what were proposed 133 last year. Approximately 25 new Philip Watkins in the 2002-2003 budget. Bassett sug- Paul Williamson gested that the Midwinter conference (Continued on page 10) David Wulff

9

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EC Minutes second Midwinter conference was 6. Division Name Change. — Continued from page 9 circulated. Discussion indicated The President summarized the the past one had been successful. discussions from the earlier sym- Questions were raised about posium on the possible name financial implications, whether it change. General sentiments were applications are waiting to be would become a yearly event, that the time might be right for a processed. Overall rate of Divi- whether it should be rotated to more inclusive name: The Psychol- sion 36 membership applicants different locations of the country. ogy of Religion and Spirituality. In continues to be falling, but there The motion for accepting the pro- view of the recent increased inter- seems to be a leveling off. Discus- posal for next April at Loyola was est in spirituality, such a change sion followed about reasons for made by Hathaway, seconded by might appeal to researchers not recent yearly decreases of mem- Emmons, and approved. directly concerned with religion. bership in view of rising interest It was suggested that pro/con in spirituality: expensive APA dues 3. Division 36 Exploratory Committee. feelings of the membership be for regular members; reduction Hathaway discussed the need to explored via the Internet. McMinn in number of scheduled presenta- develop a division committee to agreed to survey member senti- tions at APA. investigate strategies for facilitat- ment, along with that concerning ing the creation of a proficiency an electronic newsletter. Data col- 10. NEWSLETTER EDITOR REPORT certification program for clinical lection could be used as a basis (Paul Williamson). work with religious/spiritual for proposing a name change at Four issues were produced and issues. Further discussion led to next year’s EC meeting. mailed since last APA convention. a motion by Hathaway that an Comments were made on various investigating committee be formed Adjournment by Park. contents in issues. Possibility of (without funds) to gather informa- the newsletter going exclusively tion. Hood seconded the motion, Minutes submitted by Paul Williamson. to an electronic format was dis- which was approved. Hathaway cussed. The past year’s expenses was appointed Chair and will to print and mail hardcopies to report findings at the next APA members totaled over $4,745.16, EC meeting. which could be used for other needs if only an electronic version 4. Spirituality and Health proposal. was published. Discussion fol- The magazine approached the lowed on the availability of the President with a proposal to make Internet to all members and how it a membership benefit, the cost a decision to go electronic would of which could be included with affect membership rates. A straw- increased membership dues. vote was called and indicated a General discussion indicated no unanimous preference by the EC interest in the offer. Further discus- for only an electronic newsletter, sion led to interest in contacting but it was decided to gather more established peer-reviewed journals research via the Internet before for special rates to Division 36 a final vote at a later meeting. members as a benefit of member- ship. Wulff volunteered to contact No old business. publishers and report back at the next EC meeting.

New Business 5. Motion on Archive Support. Division 36 Historian Hendrika 1. Website report and Chair proposal. Vande Kemp made a motion The President proposed a motion (via written proposal) that the EC to create a chair for maintaining consider archiving the Division the new division website. Hath- 36 Newsletter at the Archives of away seconded the motion, and it History of American Psychology was approved. Jim Casebolt was (AHAP) at the suggested donation appointed as Chair. of $1 per member per year. Discussion led to an expressed 2. Midwinter Conference. need for more information. Action A written report and proposal (by was deferred until the midwinter the absent Ralph Piedmont) for a conference.

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eeting called to order by President the present time. More research will be MCrystal Park. done. A motion was made that others outside the division be informed that Minutes of Minutes of 2002 APA Division 36 business Division 36 is considering a name meeting approved. change. The motion carried. Division 36 The following reports were submitted in Certificates of appreciation were pre- Business proper order: sented. Meeting 1. President reported on membership Park handed the gavel to President-Elect (see EC minutes). Bob Emmons. 2003 APA Convention 2. ELECTION RESULTS by President (see A question arose about the past Midwinter Past President’s report in EC minutes). conference. Discussion expressed concern for more consistency in the quality of pre- Toronto, Ontario, 3. TREASURER’S REPORT (Rod Bassett; see sentations, need to rotate the location of Canada EC minutes). The proposed budget future conferences, and need for an earlier was modified to reflect a change call for papers. 3:00 – 3:50 pm from $10,000 to $6,500 for the next Midwinter conference. Report was Recognition of 2003 Division 36 Award August 9, 2003 approved. recipients: Margaret Gorman Early Career Award, Julie Exline; 4. AWARDS CHAIR REPORT Award, Jacob Belzen; Bier Award, Nils (Ralph Hood; see EC minutes). Holm; Distinguished Service Award, Peter Hill; and Virginia Sexton Mentoring 5. FELLOWS CHAIR REPORT Award, Everett Worthington. (David Wulff; see EC minutes). Adjournment by Park. 6. NEWSLETTER EDITOR’S REPORT (Paul Williamson). Four issues of Minutes submitted by Paul Williamson. the newsletter were prepared and mailed.

7. COUNCIL REPORT (Bill Hathaway; see APA Council of Representatives Report in this issue).

8. PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS’ REPORT by President (see EC minutes). Motion was made to show apprecia- tion by applause.

9. HOSPITALITY REPORT by President. Commendations given to Chair Jeremy Haskins.

No old Business.

New Business.

1. Discussion on recruiting new members for the division.

2. A question arose on the possibility of a division name change. Park indicated that the EC did discuss the issue, but had no proposal for consideration at

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he APA Council of Representatives creating a rule to regulate such promulga- meeting was held during the 111th tion. Under the new rule (30-8), “Stan- APA Council of Tannual convention of the associa- dards include any criteria, protocols, or tion on August 6th and 10th, 2003. Council specifications for conduct, performance, Representatives moved quickly through various agenda services, or products in psychology or items and informational presentations. related areas” and “Guidelines include Report APA President, Dr. Robert Sternberg, pronouncements, statements, or declara- opened the session of council by present- tions that suggest or recommend specific ing an overview of his on the professional behavior, endeavor, or con- psychology of leadership, with the goal duct for psychologists or for individuals of inspiring leadership development. Dr. or organizations that work with psycholo- William L. Hathaway Norman Anderson, described various gists. In contrast to standards, guidelines Mark R. McMinn challenges and accomplishments for APA are aspirational in intent.” The rule allows that have manifested during his first year divisions to release a position or policy Council Representatives as CEO. He recounted in some detail the statement in its own name, “so long as difficult and fluid set of factors connected the statement ‘complies with all relevant with the various SARS warnings with which association bylaws, rules, and current APA had to contend as the decision was association policies” and does not estab- made to hold the convention in Toronto. lish or enforce educational, ethical, or At some points, there was real considera- credentialing policies. Some new guide- tion of the possibility of canceling the lines were approved at the meeting, convention for only the 3rd time in APA’s including: principles of personnel selec- history. Nevertheless, pre-conference tion, promulgated by Division 14 (Society registration levels were comparable to for Industrial and Organizational Psychol- the last time APA convened in Toronto. ogy); and guidelines for psychological practice with older , promulgated Perhaps the major news during the con- by an interdivisional task force of Divi- vention was connected with the associa- sion 12-Section II and Division 20. Coun- tion’s financial matters. Although the cil renewed Clinical Psychology’s recogni- association was expecting continued bud- tion as a specialty. get deficits, its Chief Financial Officer, Charles (Jack) McKay, announced that Several announcements were made dramatic changes in our financial out- regarding the 2004 annual convention look had occurred due to a combination in Hawaii. APA is working hard to make of building refinancing, voluntary staff this convention a unique and memorable reductions, and creative marketing. event. Details will be forthcoming in the Consequently, a small surplus was now APA Monitor, but here are few previews: expected for the 2004 budget and for the pre-convention continuing education will next several years. APA’s cash flow had be offered aboard a cruise ship; APA is also been significantly enhanced. A new contracting for blocks of seats on airlines audit conducted by Price Waterhouse that will be available at reduced cost; the Coopers required some restructuring of meeting is expected to have a significant the Association’s methods of accounting international presence as special invita- for its net worth. However, the outcome tions are being sent to relevant parties was a stronger net worth assessment. around the Pacific rim; and, finally, the Council passed a resolution, which deadline for program submissions will be requires a balanced budget for the asso- somewhat earlier. We encourage our divi- ciation each year. sion members to join us in Hawaii.

Several matters pertaining to the APA governance were addressed. A resolu- tion passed indicating that Council may “adopt, support or endorse documents of other organizations in principle.” How- ever, such action shall not be construed as reflecting APA policy unless explicitly so noted. A motion passed regarding the promulgation of guidelines and/or stan- dards by the association or its divisions

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n college, I was most intrigued by my are substantial but go unnoticed. For first philosophy class. Perhaps it was example, the growing cognitive science Ibecause of the dynamic, pipe-smoking of religion approach (Pyysiäinen & A Word from professor who awed us with his charisma Anttonen, 2002) represents a promising and intellect. But I suspect it was because new perspective that can ultimately move Our New the course dealt with the big questions. I the field forward. majored in psychology, however, because Division 36 I believed that the scientific method pro- A final challenge is to train our best stu- vided our best hope for answering these dents who want to study the psychology President — questions. Some two decades later I under- of religion, but who do not feel a call to stand why I am attracted to the psychol- the clinical and counseling professions. Robert A. ogy of religion. Uniquely situated at the Hardly a week goes by where I do not nexus of the social sciences and humani- receive an e-mail from an undergraduate Emmons ties, and bringing a scientific perspective who wants to know where he or she can to bear on issues of meaning, purpose, study the psychology of religion at the identity, and commitment, it might be up graduate level. Is there a place for these University of to the challenge of addressing ultimate students? Or should we persuade them to California—Davis concerns (Emmons, 1999; Walls, 2002). go into the instead, because that is where the jobs are? I envision a As Ray Paloutzian and I concluded in our day where doctoral degrees are as rou- recent Annual Review of Psychology chap- tinely granted in the psychology of reli- ter (Emmons & Paloutzian, 2003), there is gion as they are in personality or social reason to be optimistic about the future psychology. Of course, without employ- of the field. At the same time, this does ment opportunities for these Ph.D.’s there not mean being naïve. Some significant is little justifiable reason for offering this challenges lie ahead, three of which I degree. have room to discuss here. First, as scien- tists we need to be careful. We need to I invite your input on these or on any conduct the very best science of which other issue. If you have ideas or sugges- we are capable. Skeptics will always tions, please send them to me at raem- question our for studying reli- [email protected]. I look forward to gious topics unless we strive to be as serving you, and to hearing from you. unbiased as we can in the interpretation of our data and the conclusion that we draw from them. We should welcome References criticism that follows the normal canons Emmons, R.A. (1999). The psychology of of science, for science progresses through ultimate concerns: Motivation and the self-correcting process of hypothesis spirituality in personality. New York: testing, refutation, and modification of The Guilford Press. existing theory. A related challenge is to Emmons, R.A., & Paloutzian, R.F. (2003). be methodologically rigorous with trivial- The psychology of religion. Annual Review izing our subject matter. of Psychology, 54, 377–402. Pyysiäinen, I., & Anttonen, V. (Eds.). (2002). A second, broader challenge is how can Current approaches in the cognitive science we stimulate continued progress in the of religion. New York: Continuum. scientific study of religion? Can we find Walls, J.L. (2002). Heaven: The logic of eternal creative ways of applying basic knowl- joy. New York: Oxford University Press. edge in the scientific study of religion to solving fundamental human problems? We must continue to cultivate an aware- ness of what the psychology of religion can offer the larger discipline of psychol- ogy as well as to the world at large. The psychology of religion has been making gains in the more applied areas of clinical and counseling psychology, but there is much work still to do in the more experi- mental areas of psychology where spiri- tual and religious influences on behavior

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American Psychological Association — Div. 36 — Executive Committee 2003 –2004

Robert A. Emmons Lisa Miller Mark McMinn Philip Watkins President Secretary Council Representative Program Chair Department of Psychology Box 25, Teachers College Department of Psychology Eastern Washington University One Shields Ave. Columbia University Wheaton College Department of Psychology University of California – Davis 525 West 120th St. 501 College Ave. 151G Martin Hall Davis, CA 95616-8686 New York, NY 10027 Wheaton, IL 60187 Cheney, WA 99004-2423 Office: 530-752-8844 Office: 212-678-3852 Office: 630-752-7034 Phone: 509-359-6174 Email: Fax: 203-341-0756 Fax: 630-752-7033 Fax: 509-359-6325 [email protected] Email: Email: Email: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Crystal L. Park a.edu Past President William Hathaway W. Paul Williamson University of Connecticut David M. Wulff Council Representative Newsletter Editor 406 Babbidge Rd. Member-at-Large Regent University Department of Psychology Box 1020 Fellows Chair 1000 Regent University Drive Henderson State University Storrs Mansfield, CT 06269 Department of Psychology Virginia Beach, VA 23464 1100 Henderson Street Office: 860-486-3520 Wheaton College Office: 757-226-4294 HSU Box 7854 Fax: 860-486-2760 Norton, MA 02766 Fax: 757-226-4303 Arkadelphia, AR 71999 Email: [email protected] Office: 508-286-3691 Email: [email protected] Office: 870-230-5119 Fax: 508-286-3640 Fax: 870-230-5742 P. Scott Richards Email: Ralph L. Piedmont Email: [email protected] President-Elect [email protected] Membership Chair Department of Counseling Department of Pastoral Jeremy S. Haskell Psychology Elizabeth Hall Counseling Hospitality Suite Chair Brigham Young University Member-at-Large Loyola College Wheaton College 328 MCKB Rosemead School of Psychology 7135 Minstrel Way 501 E. College Ave. CPO 4174 Provo, UT 84602 Biola University Columbia, MD 21045 Wheaton, IL 60187-5593 Office: 801-378-4868 13800 Biola Ave. Office: 410-617-7625 Office: 630-221-9668 Fax: 801-378-3961 La Mirada, CA 90639 Fax: 410-617-7644 Email: Email: [email protected] Office: 562-903-4867 Email: [email protected] Fax: 562-903-4864 [email protected] Rod Bassett Email: [email protected] Jim Casebolt Treasurer Ralph W. Hood, Jr. Website Chair, Webmaster, & Roberts Wesleyan College Wade Rowatt Awards Chair Listserve Manager 2301 Westside Drive Member-at-Large Psychology Department Ohio University-Eastern Rochester, NY 14624 Department of Psychology & The University of Tennessee at Campus Office: 585-594-6468 Chattanooga 45425 National Road Email: [email protected] Baylor University 350 Holt Hall St. Clairsville, OH 43950 Waco, TX 76798-7334 615 McCallie Ave. Office: 740-699-2330 Office: 254-710-6751 Chattanooga, TN 37403-2598 Fax: 740-695-7076 Fax: 254-710-3033 Office: 423-755-4262 Email: [email protected] Email: Fax: 423-425-4284 [email protected] Email: [email protected]

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Archiv für Religionspsychologie

Editors: Jacob A. Belzen, Nils G. Holm, & Ralph W. Hood, Jr.

Call for Paper Submissions

The Archiv für Religionspsychologie is the oldest medium for studies in the psychol- ogy of religion. It is the official organ of the Internationale Gesellschaft für Reli- gionspsychologie (International Association for the Psychology of Religion [IAPR]) founded in 1914. Following a reorganization of the IAPR in 2001, the Archiv is now being revitalized. It will be published as an international yearbook. The current edi- torship is shared by Jacob A. Belzen, Nils G. Holm, and Ralph W. Hood, Jr. The Archiv für Religionspsychologie is open to all scientific , quantitative and qualitative as well as to established and innovative conceptual and theoretical perspectives. Reviewers sympathetic to the theoretical and/or methodological ori- entation of the submitted manuscript will evaluate all articles. Editorial decisions will be prompt. Manuscripts must conform to APA style guidelines and may be submit- ted in either English, French, or German. Maximum length for empirical studies is 35 pages, including references and tables. Conceptual and theoretical articles may be substantially longer. On submission, a one page abstract must be included; papers accepted for publication need abstracts in the three languages of the Archiv.

Prospective authors should submit three print copies of their completed manuscript to either Ralph W. Hood, Jr. (only submissions in English) or Nils G. Holm (also submissions in French or German). Please include e-mail address for immediate acknowledgement of submission.

Prof. dr. Nils G. Holm Prof. dr. Ralph W. Hood, Jr. Åbo Akademi University Department of Psychology Department of Comparative Religion University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Biskopsgatan 10 615 McCallie Avenue SF-20500 Åbo Chattanooga, Tennessee 37403 USA [email protected] [email protected]

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Announcements

Fellow Nominations Invited Nominations of Division 36 members for Fellow status are invited from any member of the division. The minimum standards for Fellowship include: (1) a doctoral degree based in part on a psychological dissertation or received from a program primarily psychological in nature; (2) membership in APA for at least one year and membership in the division through which the nomination is made; (3) active engagement at the time of nomination in the advancement of psychology in any of its aspects; (4) five years of acceptable professional experience subsequent to the granting of the doctoral degree; (5) evidence of unusual and outstanding contributions or performance in the field of psychology; and (6) nomination by one of the divisions in which member status is held.

Any of the nominee’s achievements may contribute to the weight of evidence in favor of the nomination. Most often the primary basis of the nomination is research; but practice, teaching, public service, administration, or professional activity may serve as well.

Nominations or inquiries about eligibility or the application process may be sent to the attention of the Division 36 Fellows Chair, David Wulff ([email protected] or Department of Psychology, Wheaton College, Norton, MA 02766). Deadline: December 1.

Recent Books By Members Two recent books by Division 36 members are listed below. Congratulations! • Gorsuch, R. L. (2002). Integrating psychology and spirituality? New York: Praeger Press. • Spilka, B., Hood, R.W., Jr., Hunsberger, B., & Gorsuch, R. (2003). Psychology of religion: An empirical approach. New York: Guilford.

Journal Discount for Membership Division 36 Members receive a 20% discount to the International Journal for the Psychology of Religion — For more information, please visit the journal’s website at: .

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Invitation The editor extends an invitation to members for new ideas concerning the newsletter and also for submissions that may be of interest to our readers. For example: brief news items regarding members who may have received recognition for work in the psychology of religion; recent book publications by members related to the psychology of religion; brief articles by members that address current concerns for our specialty; or reviews by mem- bers of recently published books related to the psychology of religion.

Div. 36 Website To keep updated on the most recent events concerning Division 36, be sure to visit our webpage often at . You are encouraged to offer comments and suggestions to Jim Casebolt, our Webmaster, to help further its development.

NEW — Div. 36 Listserve All Division 36 members are encouraged to sign up on the new listserve at Division 36’s website. Important and timely information of interest to our membership is often commu- nicated via the listserve, so be sure to visit our website at and sign up NOW.

2004 APA Convention Call for Proposals

APA Division 36 encourages submissions in all areas relevant to religious issues, psychology of religion, and religion, and other areas of psychology related to religion.

All submissions this year are to be submitted electronically via the APA website (). The deadline for submissions is November 14, 2003.

Philip Watkins, Ph.D. Program Chair Eastern Washington University Department of Psychology 151G Martin Hall Cheney, WA 99004-2423 Email: [email protected]

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Call for Papers

2nd Annual Division 36 Mid-Winter Research Conference on Religion and Spirituality

Hosted by Division 36 (Psychology of Religion) of the APA and The Department of Pastoral Counseling at Loyola College in Maryland

Spirituality and Religion as Universal Aspects of Human Experience The psychology of religion and spirituality involves basic psychological processes of interest to professionals in many areas. The major purpose of the conference is to examine these constructs as universal aspects of human psychology and to demonstrate their utility for understanding people across cultures and contexts.

Dates: Conference: March 19–20, 2004 Send meeting registration to: • Proposals Due: 1/9/04 Mid Winter Meeting • Registration Due: 3/5/04 c/o Dr. Ralph L. Piedmont Loyola College in Maryland Location: Columbia Graduate Center of 8890 McGaw Road, Suite 380 Loyola College in Maryland. Columbia, MD 21045

Format: Posters, Papers, and Symposia Hotel Reservations: Hotels adjacent to the Graduate Center are: Meeting Registration: The early regis- (410) 872-2994 tration fee for the conference is $50 for Members Wellesley Inn & Suites 8890 Stanford Blvd., Columbia, MD 21045 of Division 36 and Loyola College Affiliates, Rate: $89 + tax; students, $80 + tax $60 for Non-members and $25 for Students. Fees must be received by March 5, 2004. Courtyard of Marriott (410) 290-0002 Registration at the door is $55 for Members, 8910 Stanford Blvd., Columbia, MD 21045 Rate: $89 double / $79 single + tax $65 for Non-members and $30 for Students. Ask for the “Midwinter Spirituality Conference” rate Additional: Friday Evening Buffet Dinner at each Hotel. To obtain conference rate, deadline and Social ($25 additional, with limited seating) for hotel registration is March 1, 2004.

QUESTIONS: e-mail [email protected] or call 410-617-7628 for more information

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Abstract Submission Information

Please Read the Following Directions Carefully Before Submitting Your Proposals

1. Type the title in capital letters on the first line. Skip a line. 2. Type the author(s) and primary affiliation(s) with affiliations placed in parentheses. Skip a line. 3. Type the abstract. a. Posters and Papers require a 1,000 word abstract that includes the research question, method- ology, results and interpretation along with any figures or tables (Papers will have 15 minutes presentation time). b. Symposia require a 300 word overall abstract, plus a 300 word abstract for each presentation, as well as the name of each presenter. Minimum of two presenters is required. Symposia will be 50, 90, and 110 minutes in length. Please indicate preferred time duration. 4. Type the following information for the primary author at the bottom of the page. a. Mailing address and phone number (with area code); b. Fax number and e-mail address c. Type of submission: Paper, Poster, or Symposium. For papers, indicate if the presenting author is willing to chair his/her paper session, which involves introducing the speakers in the session to which the paper is assigned.

Deadline for Submissions is 1/9/04. Please indicate if you are a student in your cover letter.

Send Submissions to: Call for Papers / Mid-Winter Meeting c/o Dr. Ralph L. Piedmont Loyola College in Maryland 8890 McGaw Road, Suite 380 Columbia, MD 21045

Mid-Winter Meeting — Early Registration Form

Name ______K $50 Div. 36 Member/Affiliate K $50 Loyola Affiliate Address ______K $60 Non-member City ______State ______Zip ______K $25 Student (Div. 36) K $25 Student (Loyola) Phone ______K $25 Student (Other) K E-Mail ______$25 Attending Buffet Amount Affiliation ______$______Enclosed Make checks payable to LOYOLA COLLEGE. • Fees must be received by March 5th, 2004.

19 P SYCHOLOGY OF R ELIGION N EWSLETTER — APA DIVISION.36

Nominations Invited for Division Offices

Nominations are now open for:

Division 36 President Member-at-Large Council Representative

Nominations should be sent in a sealed envelope that is signed on the back.

Please send nominations by December 1, 2003, to:

Crystal L. Park, Ph.D. Past President University of Connecticut 406 Babbidge Rd. Box 1020 Storrs Mansfield, CT 06269 Email: [email protected]

PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION NEWSLETTER EDITOR: W. Paul Williamson, Ph.D., Henderson State University The Newsletter is the official publication of the American Psychological Association Division 36, Psychology of Religion. The Newsletter invites articles, interviews, book reviews and announcements relevant to the interdisciplinary focus of psychology and religion. Individual and institutional subscrip- tions within North America are $5.00/yearly; outside of North America: $10.00/yearly. Editorial and subscription inquiries should be addressed to: W. Paul Williamson, Ph.D.; Editor, Division 36 Newsletter; Department of Psychology; Henderson State University; 1100 Henderson Street; HSU Box 7854; Arkadelphia, AR 71999. Phone: (870) 230-5119 Email: [email protected]

AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION NON-PROFIT DIVISION 36 ORGANIZATION 750 First Street NE U.S. POSTAGE Washington, D.C. 20002–4242 PAID WASHINGTON, D.C. PERMIT NO. 6348

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