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Noctuidae S. L. (Lepidoptera) from Sugarcane Fields of SW Iran

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FRAGMENTA FAUNISTICA 54 (2): 137–147, 2011 PL ISSN 0015-9301 © MUSEUM AND INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY PAS Noctuidae s. l. (Lepidoptera) from sugarcane fields of SW Iran Mehdi ESFANDIARI, Mohammad Saeed MOSSADEGH and Parviz SHISHEHBOR Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: A study on the Noctuidae which include key pests in most of the world’s sugar-producing regions was done in four sugarcane producing, agro-industrial areas in the province of Khuzestan, southwestern Iran. Night samplings were made by light trap during 2007 and 2008. A total of 52 noctuid species belonging to 10 subfamilies were recorded. Amongst these, 22 were new to Khuzestan and one, Archanara polita (Walker, 1865) is newly reported for Iran. It is concluded that cropland weeds that act as host plants for many of these noctuids help to support biodiversity in the monoculture of sugarcane productions in southwestern Iran Key words: Noctuidae, fauna, sugarcane, Khuzestan, Iran INTRODUCTION The process of refining sugar is said to have been worked out at Jundi Shapur city in Khuzestan province, SW Iran. Sugarcane cultivation in Khuzestan was obsolescent about 600 years ago due to unknown reasons (Adams 1962). Efforts to establish sugarcane industry in Khuzestan started in 1950's. At present, available area for planting sugarcane in Khuzestan is more than 130 000 ha. The majority of insect species feeding on sugarcane are local species that have moved from feeding on grasses to feeding on the introduced sugarcane, and few species are cosmopolitan (Strong et al. 1977). Of particular importance are the moth borers, a group of diverse Lepidoptera, primarily noctuids and pyraloids, which are key pests in most of the world’s sugar-producing regions (Lange et al. 2004). With more than 25000 included species, Noctuidae form the largest family within the order Lepidoptera worldwide (Fibiger 1990). The Noctuidae include numerous economic important crop pests (Holloway 1998). The first step towards any pest management strategy is the correct identification. Many of the stem borers, particularly those of the Noctuidae, have great morphological similarity between species and some intra-specific variability. Misidentifications of these pests have occurred frequently, resulting in the publication of false data (Tams & Bowden 1953, Holloway 1998, Polaszek 1992). The general aim of this study was to inventories the noctuid fauna of sugarcane fields within sugarcane agro-industries of the Khuzestan province, SW Iran. Present paper is a continuation of the previous works dealing with this aim (see Esfandiari et al. 2010, Esfandiari et al. 2011). MATERIAL AND METHODS Collectings were carried out during 2007 and 2008. Moths were attracted to a generator- driven mercury-vapour (MV) lamp that was placed inside a white tent about 1.8 m in height. The materials were collected in 4 sugarcane agro-industries in Khuzestan (Fig. 1, Table 1). Samplings were done, on the average, every 10 days in the sampling localities. Sugarcane 138 M. Esfandiari, M. S. Mossadegh and P. Shishehbor farms are located in the semi-arid lowland parts of Khuzestan province, which are excessively hot and dry in the summer. The annual average rainfall does not exceed 260 mm. sugarcane trials boundaries are separated by windbreaks, irrigation drains and roads. Light trap was established on the roads between fields and it was placed at least 3 km away from neighbouring, non-sugarcane fields. Fig. 1. Map of the study area showing the position of 4 sugarcane plantations in SW Iran: Amir Kabir agro-industry (AK), Karun agro-industry (KR), Farabi agro-industry (FA), Imam Khomeini (Shoeibieh) agro-industry (IK). Table 1. List of the study sites. Abbreviation Locality Coordinates Elevation (m) Area (ha) AK Amir Kabir agro-industry 31º03´N 48º14´E 7 10000 KR Karun agro-industry 32º10´N 48º36´E 68 20000 FA Farabi agro-industry 30º06´N 48º36´E 6 6000 IK Imam Khomeini (Shoeibieh) agro-industry 31º46´N 48º44´E 23 10000 The specimens were deposited in Insect and Mite Collection of Ahwaz (IMCA), Plant Protection Department, Shadid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran. The Noctuidae systematics and nomenclature are according to Hacker (2001) with later modifications. RESULTS A total of 52 noctuid species belonging to 10 subfamilies were recorded. Among them, four taxa were previously reported as new for Iranian fauna (Esfandiari et al. 2010). Here, we report on the discovery of Archanara polita (Walker 1865) as a species new to the fauna of Iran. Species denoted with an asterix (*) have not yet been recorded from Khuzestan province. Family Noctuidae Latreille, 1809 Noctuidae from sugarcane fields of SW Iran 139 Subfamily Rivulinae Grote, 1895 Rivula tanitalis Rebel, 1912* Material examined: 1♂, KR, 29/III/2007. Subfamily Hypeninae Herrich-Schäffer, [1851] Zekelita ravalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)* Zekelita revolutalis Zeller 1852 Material examined: 1♂, KR, 27/II/2007; 1♂, AK, 14/IX/2007. Subfamily Catocalinae Boisduval, [1828] Lygephila (Tathorhynchus) xsiccate (Lederer, 1855)* Material examined: 1♂, KR, 9/V/2007. Acantholipes regularis (Hübner, [1813])* Material examined: 1♀, IK, 8/V/2008. Drasteria flexuosa (Ménétriés, 1848) Material examined: 2♀, AK, 21/IV/2007; 1♂1♀, AK, 4/V/2007; 1♀, AK, 22/V/2007. Remarks: checking the specimens of D. sinuosa (Staudinger, 1884), which was reported by Mossadegh & Kocheili (2003) from Khuzestan, revealed that they are D. flexuosa. However, D. flexuosa was previously reported from Khuzestan by Barou (1967). Drasteria kabylaria kabylaria (Bang-Haas, 1906) Material examined: 1♀, IK, 6.IV.2008. Remarks: Refer to Esfandiari et al. (2010). Pericyma squalens Lederer, 1855 Material examined: altogether 22♂♀ were collected from each sampling locality from April to July during 2007–2008. Remarks: P. squalens differs from similar P. albidentaria (Freyer, 1842), which occurs in Khuzestan, with more defined wavy-dentate black crosslines on forewing and a clear yellowish flush on hind wing. Rhabdophera arefacta (Swinhoe, 1884)* Material examined: 1♀, KR, 27/II/2007; 1♂, KR, 9/V/2007; 1♂, KR, 2/V/2008; 1♂, IK, 4/XI/2007. Remarks: it was recorded as new to the Iranian fauna in 2002 from Hormozgan with two specimens (Ebert & Hacker 2002). Heteropalpia vetusta (Walker, 1865) Material examined: 2♂, KR, 25/VI/2007. 140 M. Esfandiari, M. S. Mossadegh and P. Shishehbor Pandesma robusta (Walker, 1858)* Material examined: 2♀, KR, 22/IV/2007; 1♀1♂, KR, 4/V/2007; 1♂3♀, KR, 26/V/2007; 1♀1♂, KR, 25/VI/2007; 1♀1♂, IK, 3/V/2008; 1♂2♀, FA, 4/V/2008. Clytie delunaris (Staudinger, 1889) Material examined: 1♂, AK, 21/IV/2007; 1♂, KR, 2/V/2008; 1♂, AK, 4/V/2007; 1♂, KR, 26/V/2007; 1♂, KR, 25/VI/2007. Clytie terrulenta terrulenta (Christoph, 1893)* Material examined: 1♂, IK, 3/V/2008; 1♂, IK, 8/V/2008. Clytie sancta (Staudinger, 1898)* Material examined: 1♂, IK, 3/V/2008; 1♀, IK, 19/V/2008; 1♂, KR, 10/IX/2008. Dysgonia torrida (Guenée, 1852)* Material examined: 1♂, KR, 9/V/2007; 1♀, IK, 3/V/2008. Grammodes bifasciata (Petagna, 1787)* Material examined: 1♀, KR, 26/V/2007; 1♂, AK, 23/VI/2007; 2♂, AK, 5/X/2007; 1♂, IK, 3/V/2008; 1♀, IK, 19/V/2008. Remarks: in Iran collected so far in Northern parts of the country (Hacker 1990). Grammodes boisdeffrii (Oberthür, 1876) Material examined: 1♂, FA, 4.V.2008. Remarks: Refer to Esfandiari et al. (2010). Subfamily Plusiinae Boisduval, [1828] Trichoplusia ni (Hübner, [1803]) Material examined: altogether 51♂♀ were collected from each sampling locality in May, June, July and September during 2007–2008. Thysanoplusia daubei (Boisduval, 1840) Material examined: 2♂, KR, 27/ X/2007; 1♀, IK, 8/V/2008. Remarks: recorded as new to the Iranian fauna in 2002 (Ebert & Hacker 2002). Cornutiplusia circumflexa (Linnaeus, 1767) Material examined: altogether 62♂♀ were collected from each sampling locality in March, April, May, June and September during 2007–2008. Subfamily Acontiinae Guenée, 1841 Acontia lucida (Hufnagel, 1766) Material examined: 1♀, AK, 21/IV/2007; 5♀, KR, 22/IV/2007; 2♂1♀, AK, 4/V/2007; 3♂1♀, KR, 9/V/2007; 1♀, KR, 7/X/2007; 1♂, FA, 4/V/2008; 1♂, KR, 2/V/2008. Acontia (Emmelia) trabealis (Scopoli, 1763) Material examined: 1♂, AK, 5/X/2007; 1♀, AK, 10/IX/2008. Noctuidae from sugarcane fields of SW Iran 141 Dysmilichia flavonigra (Swinhoe, 1884) Material examined: 1♀, along Dez river (West KR), 11.IX. 2008; 1 ex., IK, 8.V.2008. Remarks: Refer to Esfandiari et al. (2010). Subfamily Amphipyrinae Guenée, 1837 Boursinia deceptrix (Staudinger, 1900)* Material examined: 3♂, IK, 4/IX/2007; 1♂, FA, 12/IX/2007. Remarks: B. ferdovsi Brandt, 1941, described from Iran (Fars province), differs from B. deceptrix in narrower clasper which exceeds costa dorsally while in deceptrix it is thicker turning more clear ventrally and only partly exceeds costa; Furthermore, B. ferdovsi has stronger digitus and longer cornuti on the vesica. Catamecia minima jordana Staudinger, 1898* Material examined: 4♂4♀, AK, 21/IV/2007; 1♂1♀, KR, 9/V/2007; 9♂1♀, AK, 4/IX/2007; 2♂, AK, 14/IX/2007; 3♀, 5/X/2007; 1♂, FA, 12/XI/2007. Subfamily Heliothinae Boisduval, [1828] Heliothis peltigera ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) Material examined: altogether 31♂♀ were collected from each sampling locality in March, April, May, June and October during 2007–2008. Heliothis nubigera Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 Material examined: 1♂1♀, AK, 21/IV/2007; 1♂, AK, 4/V/2007; 1♂, KR, 9/V/2007. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, [1808]) Material examined: altogether 32♂♀ were collected from each sampling locality in April, May, June, September and October during 2007–2008. Remarks: it is a well-known pest of various crops and has up to 5 generations in Khuzestan (Mossadegh & Kocheili 2003). Subfamily Xyleninae Guenée, 1837 Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808]) Material examined: altogether 103♂♀ were collected from each sampling locality in April, May, June, July, September and October during 2007–2008.
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    Edita: Conselleria de Medi Ambient Direcció General de Biodiversitat Dibuix de la coberta: Joan Miquel Bennàssar Impressió: Gràfiques Son Espanyolet Diposit Legal: PM 1992-2002 Pròleg Aquesta obra que teniu a les mans és el producte d’un llarg procés de recerca i d’investiga- ció. És el resultat de més de 12 anys de treballs que han duit a terme els científics del grup s‘Albufera-IBG i molts d‘altres experts i aficionats que han aportat l’esforç i els coneixe- ments per completar aquesta visió global de la biodiversitat de s‘Albufera de Mallorca. Un cos de coneixements que s’ha anat formant pas a pas, com és característic de tot procés cien- tífic. La Conselleria de Medi Ambient és ben conscient que la conservació del patrimoni natural no es pot fer sense els estudis que ens han de permetre conèixer quins són els recursos sota la nostra responsabilitat i quin valor tenen. De cada vegada el gran públic coneix més quines són les espècies amenaçades i les accions per conservar-les troben ressò en els mitjans de comunicació i en la sensibilitat de la socie- tat en general. Però cal demanar-se: estam fent tot allò que és necessari per garantir la con- servació del patrimoni natural per a les generacions pròximes? Són suficients els coneixe- ments actuals d’aquest patrimoni? Quines espècies o quines poblacions són les més valuo- ses? Aquest llibre ajudarà a respondre algunes d‘aquestes preguntes. És un compromís entre la visió del científic, que sempre desitja aprofundir en l’estudi, i els gestors, que demanen amb urgència unes eines adequades per planificar les accions de conservació i avaluar-les.
  • Check List of Noctuid Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae And

    Check List of Noctuid Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae And

    Бiологiчний вiсник МДПУ імені Богдана Хмельницького 6 (2), стор. 87–97, 2016 Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University, 6 (2), pp. 87–97, 2016 ARTICLE UDC 595.786 CHECK LIST OF NOCTUID MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE AND EREBIDAE EXCLUDING LYMANTRIINAE AND ARCTIINAE) FROM THE SAUR MOUNTAINS (EAST KAZAKHSTAN AND NORTH-EAST CHINA) A.V. Volynkin1, 2, S.V. Titov3, M. Černila4 1 Altai State University, South Siberian Botanical Garden, Lenina pr. 61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Tomsk State University, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecology, Lenina pr. 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia 3 The Research Centre for Environmental ‘Monitoring’, S. Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University, Lomova str. 64, KZ-140008, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan. E-mail: [email protected] 4 The Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, SI-1001, Ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail: [email protected] The paper contains data on the fauna of the Lepidoptera families Erebidae (excluding subfamilies Lymantriinae and Arctiinae) and Noctuidae of the Saur Mountains (East Kazakhstan). The check list includes 216 species. The map of collecting localities is presented. Key words: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Erebidae, Asia, Kazakhstan, Saur, fauna. INTRODUCTION The fauna of noctuoid moths (the families Erebidae and Noctuidae) of Kazakhstan is still poorly studied. Only the fauna of West Kazakhstan has been studied satisfactorily (Gorbunov 2011). On the faunas of other parts of the country, only fragmentary data are published (Lederer, 1853; 1855; Aibasov & Zhdanko 1982; Hacker & Peks 1990; Lehmann et al. 1998; Benedek & Bálint 2009; 2013; Korb 2013). In contrast to the West Kazakhstan, the fauna of noctuid moths of East Kazakhstan was studied inadequately.
  • Phragmites Australis

    Phragmites Australis

    Journal of Ecology 2017, 105, 1123–1162 doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12797 BIOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE BRITISH ISLES* No. 283 List Vasc. PI. Br. Isles (1992) no. 153, 64,1 Biological Flora of the British Isles: Phragmites australis Jasmin G. Packer†,1,2,3, Laura A. Meyerson4, Hana Skalov a5, Petr Pysek 5,6,7 and Christoph Kueffer3,7 1Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; 2School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; 3Institute of Integrative Biology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092, Zurich,€ Switzerland; 4University of Rhode Island, Natural Resources Science, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; 5Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243, Pruhonice, Czech Republic; 6Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, CZ-12844, Prague 2, Czech Republic; and 7Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa Summary 1. This account presents comprehensive information on the biology of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (P. communis Trin.; common reed) that is relevant to understanding its ecological char- acteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biologi- cal Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors and to the abiotic environment, plant structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and diseases, as well as history including invasive spread in other regions, and conservation. 2. Phragmites australis is a cosmopolitan species native to the British flora and widespread in lowland habitats throughout, from the Shetland archipelago to southern England.
  • Lepidoptera Fauna of Namibia. I. Seasonal Distribution of Moths of the Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in Ogongo, Northern Namibia

    Lepidoptera Fauna of Namibia. I. Seasonal Distribution of Moths of the Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in Ogongo, Northern Namibia

    FRAGMENTA FAUNISTICA 57 (2): 117–129, 2014 PL ISSN 0015-9301 © MUSEUM AND INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY PAS DOI 10.3161/00159301FF2014.57.2.117 Lepidoptera fauna of Namibia. I. Seasonal distribution of moths of the Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in Ogongo, northern Namibia Grzegorz KOPIJ Department of Wildlife Management, University of Namibia, Katima Mulilio Campus, Private Bag 1096, Katima Mulilo, Namibia; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: During the years 2011–2013, moths were collected in Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in the Cuvelai Drainage System, Ovamboland, northern Namibia. In total, 77 species from 13 families have been identified. Their seasonal occurrence in this habitat was also investigated, with most species recorded in wet season between September and April, but with clear peak in February and March. The family Noctuidae was by far the most speciose (38 recorded species), followed by Crambidae (8 spp.), Sphingidae (6 spp.) and Arctiidae (4 spp.). All other families were represented by 1–3 species. For each species listed date of collection is given, and data on its global distribution. Key words: Lepidoptera, check-list, biodiversity, distribution, moths, Ovamboland INTRODUCTION According to recent quite precise estimate, there are 15 5181 species, 16 650 genera and 121 families of Lepidoptera worldwide (Pouge 2009). Lepidoptera fauna of Namibia has recently attracted attention of European entomologists. However, thorough surveys were conducted hitherto in a few areas only, such as Brandberg and Hobatere. The northern regions of the country were especially badly neglected. In southern Africa (south of Zambezi and Kunene Rivers) – 8 511 species, 2 368 genera and 89 families were recently catalogued (Vári et al.