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Copyright © 2017 Daniel Scott Ramsey All Rights Reserved. The Copyright © 2017 Daniel Scott Ramsey All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. “THE BLESSED SPIRIT”: AN ANALYSIS OF THE PNEUMATOLOGY OF BENJAMIN BEDDOME AS AN EARLY EVANGELICAL A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Daniel Scott Ramsey May 2017 APPROVAL SHEET “THE BLESSED SPIRIT”: AN ANALYSIS OF THE PNEUMATOLOGY OF BENJAMIN BEDDOME AS AN EARLY EVANGELICAL Daniel Scott Ramsey Read and Approved by: _________________________________________ Michael A. G. Haykin (Chair) _________________________________________ Shawn D. Wright __________________________________________ Gregory A. Wills Date______________________________ To Denise, my loving wife, life-long friend and companion, whose indispensable encouragement, prayers, willing sacrifice, and unceasing support over many months and long hours, has helped make this work a reality. Soli Deo gloria! TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE . vii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 Status Quaestionis . 1 Thesis . 5 Methodology . 9 2. A BIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN BEDDOME . 12 Beddome’s Conversion………… . 13 The Influence of Bernard Foskett . 13 Beddome’s Early Ministry. 16 The Fruitful Years in Burton-on-the-Water . 20 The Years of Testing and Adversity . 22 Beddome’s Twilight Years . 23 The Death of Benjamin Beddome . 24 3. EVANGELICAL CONTINUITY WITH PURITANISM . 27 An Analysis of Bebbington’s Thesis . 27 Exploring Supposed Discontinuities. 28 Perceived Weaknesses in Bebbington’s Thesis. 33 Thomas Kidd’s Triad and Early Evangelicalism. 40 The Continuity between Puritanism and Evangelicalism . 42 Conversion and the Spirit . 44 iv Chapter Page The Spirit and the Word . 45 The Discerning of Spirits . 47 The Outpouring of the Spirit . 50 Antecedents of the Evangelical Revival . 56 The Rise of Reformed Evangelicalism . 61 Dissent and the English Eighteenth-Century Revival . 68 4. BEDDOME’S PNEUMATOLOGICAL HERITAGE . 71 The Jacob-Lathrop-Jessey Church of Southwark . 73 The First London Particular Baptist Churches. 78 Peace, Resistance, and Expansion . 80 The First London Confession of Faith (1644) . 81 The 1646 Revision of the First London Confession . 84 The Pneumatology of the 1644 London Confession . 87 The Pneumatology of the 1646 Confession . 89 Persecution and the 1677 London Confession . 90 The 1689 Convention and the 1677 London Confession . 92 The Pneumatology of the Second London Confession . 94 The Development of Baptist Associations . 96 The Pneumatology of Keach’s Catechism . 98 The Western Association . 100 Bernard Foskett’s Enduring Legacy . 102 The Bristol Baptist Academy . 103 The Pneumatology of Bernard Foskett . 105 5. BEDDOME’S ONTOLOGY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT . .109 The Doctrine of God . 110 The Trinity . 112 v Chapter Page The Distinct Personhood of the Holy Spirit . 114 The Deity of the Holy Spirit . 115 The Worship of the Holy Spirit . 117 Divine Attributes of the Holy Spirit . 119 6. BEDDOME’S PNEUMATOLOGY: PART 1 . 121 The Word and the Spirit . 121 The Holy Spirit in Creation . 131 The Holy Spirit in the Old Testament . 133 The Holy Spirit and Christ’s Ministry . 134 The Holy Spirit and Human Redemption . 140 7. BEDDOME’S PNEUMATOLOGY: PART 2 . 165 The Holy Spirit and the Believer . 165 The Sin against the Holy Spirit . .. 183 The Holy Spirit and the Sacraments . .. 185 The Holy Spirit and Prayer . .. 189 The Holy Spirit and the Sabbath. 195 8. BEDDOME AS AN EARLY EVANGELICAL . 197 A Desire for the Outpouring of the Spirit . 198 A Desire for Widespread Conversions . 203 Millennial Expectations . .. 205 A Desire for Revival and Renewal . 207 9. A SUMMARY . 209 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 212 vi PREFACE The history and the formative theology of modern Britain were virtually uncharted territories for me at the outset of my doctoral studies, yet, over the past four years, they have become a rich and trustworthy well of truth from which I can draw. Giants of the faith, previously unknown to me, have become my friends and mentors. I have been particularly blessed by those who endured unbelievable hardship and suffering, yet trusted their God and faithfully persevered to the end. Writing this dissertation has indeed been a family affair. From the outset, my wonderful wife, my three daughters, my two sons-in-law, and my grandchildren have faithfully backed me in prayer and provided moral support. Throughout, they constantly reminded me that I wasn’t on this journey alone; we were all in it together. I could not have run the academic race nor had the endurance to cross the finish line without them. I wish to express my sincere thanks to David Puckett, who first piqued my interest in modern British history. Much appreciation also goes to Shawn Wright, who introduced me to the delicacies of Puritan literature. With a grateful heart, I offer my thanks to my dear friend and pastor, David Palmer, whose many prayers and unfailing words of encouragement accompanied me through the writing process. Finally, I am deeply indebted to my doctoral supervisor, Michael Haykin, whose rich seminars were just as inspiring and edifying as they were historical. Daniel Scott Ramsey Louisville, Kentucky May 2017 vii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Status Quaestionis Although numerous authors have mentioned Benjamin Beddome1 in passing, particularly in the area of hymnology, surprisingly few scholars have done extensive research into his life, his accomplishments, and his theology. Portraits exist for a number of Beddome’s famous or even notorious contemporaries, but no one has any idea what he looked like, as there are no images of him available. Thus, despite his significant work, he has remained a rather obscure historical personality until recently. Michael A. G. Haykin, Professor of Church History and Biblical Spirituality at the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky, has not only raised the interest and awareness of Beddome among his students, but has produced a plethora of articles and essays on Beddome’s life and works. One very informative essay on his life and ministry is entitled “Benjamin Beddome (1717–1795),” found in volume 1 of the two-volume work The British Particular Baptists 1638–1910, as well as a brief “British Particular Baptist Biography,” which serves as an introduction to the same book.2 Haykin’s biographical information is helpful and includes an excellent summary of the 1Born in 1717, Benjamin Beddome was a Particular Baptist pastor and hymn-writer, who faithfully served the Baptist congregation at Burton-on-the-Water for 55 years and provided able leadership in the Midland Baptist Association. A proponent of evangelical Calvinism, he personally experienced one of the many eighteenth-century revivals that were sweeping Great Britain at the outset of the Evangelical Revival. In addition to over 800 hymns and multiple volumes of sermons, which were published posthumously, Beddome crafted his own expanded version of the Baptist Catechism and impacted a number of significant Particular Baptist leaders before his death at the age of 78 in 1795. 2See Michael Haykin, “British Particular Baptist Biography” and “Benjamin Beddome (1717– 1795),” in The British Particular Baptists 1638–1910, ed. Michael A. G. Haykin (Springfield, MO: Particular Baptist Press, 1998), 15–19, 167–82. 1 content and nature of Beddome’s A Scriptural Exposition of the Baptist Catechism (1752). The section “Further Reading” is most beneficial, as it includes an expanded bibliography of available authoritative sources. Haykin has kindly made several other articles available to his students, including a biographical sketch entitled “Benjamin Beddome (1717–1795) of Bourton- on-the-Water,” his written lecture “The Eighteenth-century Evangelical Revival,” his essay entitled “Signs and Wonders: Some Evangelical Perspectives from the Eighteenth Century,” an article entitled “Benjamin Beddome (1717–1795), His Life and Hymns,” which was published in Pulpit and People: Studies in Eighteenth-Century Baptist Life and Thought by John H. Y. Briggs and published by Paternoster in 2009, an essay entitled “Benjamin Beddome and the Bible,” a copy of the contents of Beddome’s personal library, which was researched in 1999, and two essays on Beddome’s Trinitarian beliefs.3 In both of the latter essays, there is a comprehensive list of sources available for further research and study. Further back, Thomas Brooks’ Pictures of the Past: The History of the Baptist Church, Bourton-on-the-Water, published in London in 1861, gives an overview of the history of Beddome’s church from 1655 to 1860. It includes a biographical sketch of Beddome’s life, some of his correspondence, as well as a few of his noteworthy hymns. There is also a “Memoir” included in a volume of sermons published in 1835 entitled Sermons Printed from the Manuscripts of the Late Rev. Benjamin Beddome, which has no listed author, but appears to be strikingly similar to Thomas Brooks in style and content.4 John Rippon (1751–1836), an alumnus of Bristol Baptist Academy and John 3These two unpublished essays are entitled “‘The Memory of the Just is Blessed’: Benjamin Beddome (1717–1795), His Life and Teaching on the Trinity” and “‘Glory to the Three Eternal’: Benjamin.
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