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Monitoring and Assessment Series Background Document And Background document and technical annexes for biological effects monitoring, Update 2013 Monitoring and Assessment Series Monitoring and 2013 Background documents and technical annexes for biological effects monitoring OSPAR Convention Convention OSPAR The Convention for the Protection of the La Convention pour la protection du milieu Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic marin de l'Atlantique du Nord-Est, dite (the “OSPAR Convention”) was opened for Convention OSPAR, a été ouverte à la signature at the Ministerial Meeting of the signature à la réunion ministérielle des former Oslo and Paris Commissions in Paris anciennes Commissions d'Oslo et de Paris, on 22 September 1992. The Convention à Paris le 22 septembre 1992. La Convention entered into force on 25 March 1998. The est entrée en vigueur le 25 mars 1998. Contracting Parties are Belgium, Denmark, the Les Parties contractantes sont l'Allemagne, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, la Belgique, le Danemark, l’Espagne, la Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Finlande, la France, l’Irlande, l’Islande, le Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland Luxembourg, la Norvège, les Pays-Bas, le and the United Kingdom. Portugal, le Royaume-Uni de Grande Bretagne et d’Irlande du Nord, la Suède, la Suisse et l’Union européenne. Acknowledgement Many thanks to ICES and the scientific groups whose work made it possible to produce this report. 2 OSPAR Commission, 2013 Editorial note 1. The suite of Background documents, technical annexes and a discussion document on survey design form ICES’s advice to a request from the OSPAR Commission relating to the integrated monitoring of chemicals and of their biological effects. They were developed over a period of 3 years. 2. Together with the Integrated JAMP Guidelines for the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment of Contaminants and the background documents and technical annexes for chemical monitoring already adopted by OSPAR, this suite comprises a coherent basis for integrated chemical and biological effects monitoring. The structure of ICES’s advice is as follows: Guidelines provide concept and strategy, Background Documents provide description of available methodology and references, and Technical Annexes contain a detailed description of methods and advice on how to understand the measurements. 3. The discussion document on survey design for integrated chemical and biological effects monitoring represents the best advice currently available on the subject but would need to be further developed at a later stage. Its aim is to provide guidance on the selection of representative stations, taking into account requirements under the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Directive, and for the selection of stations for integrated monitoring. 4. This suite provides important information in relation to the on-going processes regarding the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the preparation of the Initial assessments. As integrated monitoring and assessment continue to evolve it is important for future revisions of techniques and assessment criteria to be harmonized with the MSFD cycle in order to give some stability to assessments. 5. Fundamental aspects of the design of an integrated programme include key environmental matrices (water, sediment and biota), the selection of appropriate combinations of biological effects and chemical measurements and the design of sampling programmes to enable the chemical concentrations, the biological effects data and other supporting parameters to be combined for assessment. Some matrices / determinands are considered fundamental to the integrated assessment and are described as “core methods”. Where additional matrices / determinands have been identified to add value to the integrated assessment, these have been described as “additional methods” and are not considered essential. Table a below gives an overview of the elements featuring in the Integrated JAMP Guidelines for the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment of Contaminants. The recommended set of techniques; i.e the “core methods” are indicated with solid lines and the “additional methods” in broken lines. 6. Table b indicates the background documents in Publication 333/2007 being replaced or updated in this publication. 7. The following background documents were added to the report in 2013. a. Background document: Fish vitellogenin as a biomarker of exposure to xenoestrogens (Chapter 5 of ICES report CRR 315); b. Background document: Stress on stress (SoS) in bivalve molluscs (Chapter 16 of ICES report CRR 315); c. Background document: Scope for growth in mussels (and other bivalve species) (Chapter 17 of ICES report CRR 315); d. Assessment criteria for imposex in marine gastropods affected by exposure to organotin compounds (Chapter 25 of ICES report CRR 315). 3 Background documents and technical annexes for biological effects monitoring Table a: Overview of biological effects techniques and corresponding integrated guidelines. Elements featuring in the Integrated JAMP Guidelines 2012 Publication 589 ... replaces or updates ...2007 Publication 333 for the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment of Contaminants (adopted in 2012 on a 3‐yr trial basis) ECOSYSTEM BIOTA Fish Tissue chemistry Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb (see existing JAMP Guidelines) COMPONENTS OF CBs (see existing JAMP Guidelines) INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT BFRs (see existing JAMP Guidelines) Fluorinated compounds Subcellular PAH metabolites CHAPTER 12 chapter 5 EROD/CYP1A CHAPTER 3 chapter 3 Vitellogenin CHAPTER 18 AChE CHAPTER 1 Comet Assay CHAPTER 2 DNA‐adducts CHAPTER 4 chapter 11 Lysosomal Stability CHAPTER 9 chapter 4 Micronuclei CHAPTER 11 Tissue response Liver histopathology CHAPTER 5 Macroscopic Liver Neoplasms CHAPTER 5 chapter 6 Intersex CHAPTER 7 Whole organism Externally visible Fish Disease CHAPTER 5 Reproductive Success CHAPTER 13 chapter 12 Mussel Tissue chemistry Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn (see existing JAMP Guidelines) PCBs (see existing JAMP Guidelines) PAH (see existing JAMP Guidelines) BFRs (see existing JAMP Guidelines) Fluorinated compounds Subcellular Response Lysosomal Stability CHAPTER 9 AchE CHAPTER 1 Micronuclei CHAPTER 11 Metallothionein CHAPTER 10 COMET CHAPTER 2 Tissue Response Histopathology/Gametogenesis CHAPTER 5 Whole Organism Stress on Stress CHAPTER 19 Scope for Growth CHAPTER 20 chapter 14 Gastropod Tissue response Imposex / intersex (see existing JAMP Guidelines)/CHAPTER 21 SEDIMENT Sediment chemistry Mandatory CEMP list (JAMP) (see existing JAMP Guidelines) OSPAR hazardous substances list Sediment characteristics Sediment bioassays JAMP Guidelines for general (see existing JAMP Guidelines) biological effects monitoring, Technical Annexes 1, 2 and 3: (1) whole sediment bioassay CHAPTERS 14 & 15 chapter 10 (2) sediment pore‐water bioassays CHAPTERS 14 & 15 chapter 8 (3) sediment sea water elutriates CHAPTERS 14 & 15 chapter 8 (4) DR‐Luc CHAPTER 8 Benthic fauna Benthic community indices WATER Water chemistry Mandatory CEMP list (JAMP) (water monitoring not covered by JAMP) WFD priority substances (WFD monitoring guidance) Water extract / passive sampler Mandatory CEMP list (JAMP) (e.g. ICES guidance on use passive samplers) WFD priority substances (WFD monitoring guidance) Hydrography Bioassays JAMP Guidelines for general (CHAPTER 14, 15 and 17) chapter 7 biological effects monitoring, Technical Annex 4: (1) oyster and mussel embryo chapter 8 (2) Sea urchin embryo CHAPTER 14 chapter 8 (3) Copepods CHAPTER 15 chapter 9 4 OSPAR Commission, 2013 Table b: List of Background documents in Publication 333/2007 updated or replaced in this publication Background documents and New in Chapter updated Coverage of JAMP Technical annexes in Publication 589/2012 or replaced in Guidelines General 589/2012 Publication Biological Effects 333/2007 Chapter 1: Background Document: Yes Acetylcholinesterase assay as a method for assessing neurotoxic effects in aquatic organisms Chapter 2: Background Document: Yes Comet assay as a method for assessing DNA damage in aquatic organisms Chapter 3: Background Document: Chapter 3 Technical annex 5 Cytochrome P4501A activity (EROD) Chapter 4: Background Document: Chapter 11 DNA adducts Chapter 5: Background Document: Chapter 6 Technical Externally visible fish diseases, Annexes 7, 8, 9 macroscopic liver neoplasms, and liver histopathology Chapter 6: Background Document: Yes Histopathology of mussels (Mytilus spp.) for health assessment in biological effects monitoring Chapter 7: Background Document: Yes Intersex (ovotestis) measurement in marine and estuarine fish Chapter 8: Background Document: Yes In vitro DR‐Luc/DR‐CALUX® bioassay for screening of dioxin‐like compounds in marine and estuarine sediments Chapter 9: Background Document: Chapter 4 Technical Annex 6 Lysosomal stability as a global health status indicator in biomonitoring Chapter 10: Background Document: Yes Metallothionein (MT) in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis) Chapter 11: Background Document: Yes Micronucleus assay as a tool for assessing cytogenetic/DNA damage in marine organisms Chapter 12: Background Document: Chapter 5 PAH metabolites in bile Chapter 13: Background Document: Chapter 12 Technical Annex 10 Reproductive success in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) Chapter 14: Background Document: Chapters 7, 8, and Technical Sediment seawater elutriate and 10 Annexes 2‐3 pore‐water bioassays with early developmental stages of marine invertebrates 5 Background documents and technical annexes for biological effects monitoring Background
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