NEAT (North East Atlantic may be found, especially regarding taxa like Plathelminthes and Nematoda, Taxa): where the experience of the compiler South Scandinavian is very rudimentary. The credibility of some other lists, containing taxa like marine Plathelminthes e.g. Porifera, where, at least in certain Check-List subtaxa, taxonomic confusion seems to prevail, is certainly also suboptimal so compiled at TMBL far. (Tjärnö Marine Biological This list should be regarded as a first, primitive disposition of taxa in this Laboratory) by: group. As I never have worked with Hans G. Hansson 1989 / small revisions any of the taxa involved, and literature until November 1994, when it for the dealing with (especially parasitical) first time was published on Internet. Plathelminthes is very scarce in our Again revised May 1996 before it was library, there are many lapses and republished as a pdf file. Last revision imperfections, which may be corrected August 1998. by experient taxonomists working with the groups involved. Worms parasiting Citation suggested: Hansson, H.G. “marine birds” have usually been (Comp.), 1998. NEAT (North East omitted in this list, unless development Atlantic Taxa): South Scandinavian stages are known from other marine marine Plathelminthes Check-List. animals. Internet Ed., Aug. 1998. [http:// Species found in South Scandinavia, www.tmbl.gu.se/libdb/taxon/neat_pdf/ as well as from neighbouring areas, NEAT*Plathelmint.pdf]. chiefly the British Isles, have been considered, as some of them may Denotations: (™) = Genotype @ = show to have a slightly more northern Associated to * = General note distribution, than what is known today. However, species with a typical N.B.: This is one of several preliminary Lusitanian distribution, with their check-lists, covering S. Scandinavian northern distribution limit around marine animal (and partly marine France or Southern British Isles, have as protoctist) taxa. Some financial a rule been omitted here (this is chiefly support from (or via) NKMB (Nordiskt true also for arctic taxa, known only Kollegium för Marin Biologi), during from areas north of N Norway), albeit the last years of the existence of this a few species with probable norhern organisation (until 1993), is thankfully limits around the British Isles are listed acknowledged. The primary purpose here until distribution patterns are of these checklists is to facilitate for better known. It is very probable that everyone, trying to identify organisms some new taxa, described recently from the area, to know which species from the area, have been inadvertently that earlier have been encountered omitted. The compiler would be there, or in neighbouring areas. A very grateful for every correction of secondary purpose is to facilitate for presumptive lapses and omittances an non-experts to find as correct names as initiated reader could make. possible for organisms, including names N.B. This document is intended to of authors and years of description. be completely unavailable regarding So far these checklists are very nomenclature within the meaning of preliminary. Due to restricted access to ICZN. literature there are (some known, and probably many unknown) omissions in the lists. Certainly also several errors PLAT(Y)HELMINTHES Steinböck, 1938), Skagerrak- (Riedl,1959) & Schneider,1873 Adria- (Riedl,1959)) * Claus 1887 changed Schneiders original spelling Gullmarn, Bergen, W Greenland, NE Atlantic - on Plathelminthes to Platyhelminthes. mud between 120-690 m depth.

N. westbladi Steinböck,1938 CATENULIDA Meixner,1924 Gullmarn, Koster Channel, Dröbak, Bergen, Mediterranean, N Carolina - on mud (or muddy Stenostomidae Vejdovsky,1880 sand) frm subtidal - 620 m depth

Stenostomum O. Schmidt,1848 Sterreria Lundin,1999 (™ Nemertoderma psammicola Sterrer,1970) S. karlingi Luther,1960 Fresh water influenced Finnish & Swedish Baltic S. psammicola (Sterrer,1970) shores = Nemertoderma psammicola Sterrer,1970 = Nemertoderma rubra Faubel,1976 S. constrictum Papi (Luther,1960) Gullmarn, Jutland, Sylt, North Sea, Mediterranean, = S. unicolor O. Schmidt,1848 constrictum N Carolina, W Pacific, Red Sea - in fine sand, Luther,1960 intertidal - 8 m depth. Fresh water influenced Finnish Baltic shores Ascopariidae Sterrer,1998 S. leucops (Dugès,1828) * Fresh & brackish water species Ascoparia Sterrer,1998 Kola peninsula A. neglecta Sterrer,1998 EUPLATHELMINTHES Bresslau NW Atlantic - in fine sand at 3 m depth & Reisinger A. secunda Sterrer,1998 NW Atlantic - in sand between 20-41 m depth ACOELOMORPHA Ehlers,1985 Flagellophora Faubel & Dörjes,1978 NEMERTODERMATIDA Karling,1940 F. apelti Faubel & Dörjes,1978 (™) Nemertodermatidae Steinböck,1930-31 Gullmarn, Helgoland, off Scotland, Mediterranean, Canaries, Bermudas, N Carolina - in sand (& sandy Meara Westblad,1949 mud) between 3-400 m depth

M. stichopi Westblad,1949 (™) ACOELA Uljanin,1870 @ in Parastichopus & Mesothuria Sydkoster, Dröbak, Skagerrak, W. Norway Octocoelis ?,1??? * Which family? Nemertinoides Riser,1987 (™ N. elongatus Riser,1987 - Massachusetts) O. chirodota Beklemishew,1915 @ anterior part of digestive tract of Chirodota laevis N. elongatus Riser,1987 Barents Sea Adriatic, NW Atlantic - in coarse sande, intertidal - 6 m depth Proporidae von Graff,1882

Nemertoderma Steinböck,1930-31 Proporus Schmidt,1852

N. bathycola Steinböck,1930-31 (™) P. brochii Westblad,1945 * (4 forms have been separated: W Greenland- Gullmarn, Oslofjord (Steinb.,1930), North Sea- (Riedl,1959)(=N. westbladi P. gracilis ??,19?? ?? Alluna Faubel & Regier,1983

P. lonchitis Dörjes,1971 A. sublitoralis Faubel & Regier,1983 (™) Dröbak N North Sea

P. minimus (An der Lan,1936) Amphiscolops von Graff,1905 = Archiproporus minimus An der Lan, 1936 Dröbak, North Sea, Greenland A. cinereus (von Graff,1874) (™) Trondheim P. venenosus (O. Schmidt,1852) (™) = P. violaceous von Graff, 1882 Aphanostoma Ørsted,1845 = P. viridiflavus Riedl, 1959 Bergen, Eng. kanalen, Ireland A. album Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Sylt, Helgoland, Wilhelmshafen Sagittiferidae Kostenko & Mamkaev,1990 * Former members of Convoluta with Platymonas A. virescens Ørsted,1845 (™) as endosymbionts. = Amphiscolops virescens : Auctt. Dröbak, Fredrikshavn, Bergen, White Sea, W Sagittifera Kostenko & Mamkaev,1990 Greenland

S. sagittifera (Ivanov,1952) A. rhomboides (Jensen,1878) = Convoluta sagittifera Ivanov,1952 (™) = Aphanostomum rhomboides Jensen,1878 Plymouth ?= Proporus cyclops Levinsen,1879 = Proporus cyclops : Wesenberg-Lund,1925 Simsagittifera Kostenko & Mamkaev,1990 (™ ?= Aphanostoma latissimum Levinsen,1879 Convoluta schultzei Schmidt,1852) Oslofjord, Helgoland, Bergen, Ireland, Engl. Channel, Faeroes, Barents Sea, W Greenland S. roscoffiensis (Graff,1891) = Convoluta roscoffiensis Graff,1891 A. elegans (Jensen,1878) Roscoff = Aphanostomum elegans Jensen,1878 Bergen S. schultzei (Schmidt, 1852) = Convoluta schultzei Schmidt, 1852 A. bimaculatum Steinböck & Lanser,19?? Baltic, Atlantic, Mediterranean = A. bimaculatum Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) W Greenland Praesagittiferinae Kostenko & Mamkaev,1990 A. armatum Steinböck & Lanser,19?? Praesagittifera Kostenko & Mamkaev,1990 (™ P. = A armatum Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) shikoki Kostenko & Mamkaev,1990 - Japan) W Greenland

Taurididae Kostenko,1989 A. sanguineum Beklemischew,1915 = Eumecynostomum sanguineum (Beklemishew) : Taurida Kostenko,1989 (™ Convoluta Auctt. fulvomaculata Ax,1959) @ endgut of Chiridota laevis Kola Gulf, Maine Convolutidae von Graff,1905 Archaphanostoma Dörjes,1968 Aechmalotus Beklemischew,1915 A. agile (Jensen,1878) A. pyrula Beklemischew,1915 = Mecynostomum agile Jensen,1878 (™) @ gut of Eupyrgus scaber = Aphanostoma rhomboides : Westblad,1946, non Kola Gulf (Jensen,1878) Gullmarn, Helgoland, Sylt, Oslofj., Bergen, = C. infundibulum Schmidt,1852 Plymouth, Mediterranean * in vegetation of Zostera marina S Baltic, Öresund, Kattegatt, Fredrikshavn, A. histobursalium Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Drøbak, Bergen - Barents Sea (a very Sylt, Helgoland, Wilhelmshafen common phytal species), Helgoland, Faeroes, Ireland, Scotland, Engl. Channel, Mediterranean, A. macrospiriferum (Westblad,1946) Black Sea, Canaries = Aphanostoma macrospiriferum Westblad,1946 Gullmarn, Helgoland C. helgolandica Dörjes,1968 Helgoland Avagina Leiper,1902 C. borealis Sabussow,1900 A. incola Leiper,1902 (™) * Possibly a synonym of C. convoluta @ intestines of Spatangus & Echinocardium, most White Sea often in E. flavescens Gullmar Area., Herdla, Trondheim C. bathycola Steinböck & Lanser,19?? = C. bathycola Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) A. glandulifera Westblad,1953 W Greenland @ digestive tract of Spatangus purpureus Plymouth, Trondheim Faerlea Westblad,1945

A. sublitoralis Faubel,1976 F. echinocardi Dörjes,1972 Sylt @ Echinocardium flavescens Bergen Bursosaphia Dörjes,1968 F. fragilis Westblad,1945 (™ - Gullmarfjord) B. baltalimaniaformis Dörjes,1968 (™ - Gullmarn Helgoland) Helgoland F. glomerata Westblad,1945 Gullmarn, Great Britain Conaperta Antonius,1968 Postaphanostoma Dörjes,1968 C. flavibacillum (Jensen,1878) = Convoluta flavibacillum Jensen,1878 (™) P. atriomagnum Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Fredrikshavn, Gullmarn, all Scandinavian west- Helgoland coast (phytal species), Ireland, Barents Sea, White Sea, Irish Sea, Engl. Channel, W France, Canaries P. filum Dörjes,1968 Helgoland C. norvegica (Westblad,1946) = Convoluta norvegica Westblad,1946 P. glandulosum Dörjes,1968 Tromsö, Helgoland Helgoland

C. variomorpha (Dörjes,1968) Antonius 1968 Praeaphanostoma Dörjes,1968 = Convoluta variomorpha Dörjes,1968 Helgoland, Sylt P. brevifrons Dörjes,1968 Helgoland Convoluta Örsted,1843 P. chaetocaudatum Dörjes,1968 (™ - Sylt) C. convoluta (Abildgaard, in O.F. Müller,1806) Sylt (™) = Planaria convoluta Abildgaard,1806 P. longum Dörjes,1968 = C. paradoxa Ørsted,1845 Helgoland = C. diesingi Schmidt,1852 P. rubrum Dörjes,1968 Diopisthoporus Westblad,1940 Helgoland D. brachypharyngeus Dörjes,1968 Praeconvoluta Dörjes,1968 Helgoland

P. karinae Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) D. longitubus Westblad,1940 (™) Helgoland Gullmarn, Skagerrak, Oslofj., Bergen

P. minor Faubel,1974 D. psammophilus Dörjes,1968 Sylt Helgoland

P. stephania Faubel & Regier,1983 Hallangiidae Westblad,1948 North Sea Hallangia Westblad,1946 Proaphanostoma Dörjes,1972 H. proporoides Westblad,1946 (™) P. tenuissimum (Westblad,1946) Gullmarn, Skagerrak, Oslofj., Trondheim, Britain = Aphanostoma tenuissima Westblad,1946 = Mecynostomum tenuissimum : Westblad,1948 Haploposthiidae Westblad,1948 = Avagina tenuissima : Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Tromsö, Trondheim Adenocauda Dörjes,1968

P. variabile Steinböck & Lanser,19?? A. helgolandica Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) = P. variabile Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) Helgoland W Greenland Afronta Hyman,1944 ( ™ A. aurantiaca Proconvoluta Dörjes,1968 Hyman,1944 - Atlantic N America)

P. primitiva Dörjes,1968 (™ - Sylt) A. rubra Faubel,1976 Sylt, Tromsö Sylt

Pseudaphanostoma Westblad,1946 Haplogonaria Dörjes,1968

P. brevicaudatum Dörjes,1968 H. elegans Faubel,1976 Sylt, Juist Sylt, W. Jylland

P. pelophilum Dörjes,1968 H. glandulifera Dörjes,1968 Sylt, Röm, Juist, Wilhelmshaven Helgoland

P. psammophilum Dörjes,1968 H. macrobursalia Dörjes,1968 Sylt, Helgoland, Wilhelmshaven Helgoland, Sylt

P. variabilis Westblad,1946 (™ - Gullmarfjord) H. minima (Westblad,1946) Gullmarn = Aphanostoma minimum Westblad,1946 Gullmarn Pseudoposthia Westblad,1946 H. psammalia Faubel,1974 P. macrogonopora Westblad,1946 (™ - Sylt Gullmarfjord) Gullmarn, Sylt, Helgoland H. simplex Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Helgoland, Sylt, Röm Diopisthoporidae Westblad,1940 H. sinubursalia Dörjes,1968 Helgoland Gullmarfjord) Gullmarn H. syltensis Dörjes,1968 Sylt, Helgoland P. stylifera (Westblad,1946) = Convoluta stylifera Westblad,1946 H. viridis Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Bergen Helgoland Simplicomorpha Dörjes,1968 Haploposthia An der Lan,1936 S. gigantorhabditis Dörjes,1968 (™ - Sylt) H. brunea An der Lan,1936 (™ - Greenland) Sylt Greenland Otocelididae Westblad,1948 H. rubra (An der Lan,1936) Gullmarn, Britain, Greenland Archocelis Dörjes,1968

H. rubropunctata Westblad,1945 A. macrorhabditis Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Gullmarn, Trondheimsfj., Tromsö, Britain Helgoland

Kuma Marcus,1950, em. Faubel,1976 (™ K. Haplotestis Dörjes,1968 brevicauda Marcus,1950 - Brazil) H. curvitubus Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) K. viridis (An Der Lan,1936) Helgoland = Haploposthia viridis : Auctt. Gullmarn, Tromsö, Dröbak, Greenland Notocelis Dörjes,1968

K. monogonophora (Westblad,1946) N. gullmarensis (Westblad,1946) gullmarensis = Haploposthia monogonophora : Auctt. (Westblad,1946) Gullmarn = Otocelis gullmarensis Westblad,1946 (™ - Gullmarfjord) Parahaplogonaria Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Juist, Mediterranean

P. maxima Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Otocelis Diesing,1862 Helgoland O. rubropunctata (O. Schmidt,1852), non : Parahaploposthia Dörjes,1968, emend. Fegley, Westblad,1946, nec 1948 Smith & Rieger,1984 = Proporus rubropunctatus O. Schmidt,1852 (™) Fredrikshavn, Helgoland, Britain, Ireland, P. avesicula Dörjes,1968 Greenland, Mediterranean Helgoland O. westbladi Ax,1959 P. brunea Faubel,1976 = O. rubropunctata : Westblad,1946 & -48, non (O. Sylt Schmidt,1852) Gullmarn, Herdla, Helgoland P. cerebroepitheliata Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Helgoland O. marisalbi (Sabussow,1899) = Böhmigia maris-albi Sabussow,1899 Pseudohaplogonaria Dörjes,1968 White Sea

P. vacua Dörjes,1968 O. chirodotae Beklemishew,1915 Helgoland @ esophagus & frontal gut of Chiridota laevis Kola Gulf P. viridipunctata (Westblad,1946) (™ - Philocelis Dörjes,1968 P. johanni Dörjes,1968 (™ - Sylt) P. cellata Dörjes,1968 (™ - Wilhelmshaven) Sylt, Juist * Possibly. synon. with P. karlingi Sylt, Wilhelmshaven Praeanaperus Faubel & Regier,1983

P. karlingi (Westblad,1946) P. tetraposthis Faubel & Regier,1983 (™) = Convoluta karlingi Westblad,1946 North Sea Baltic (Dalarö), Öresund, Gullmarn Antigonariidae Dörjes,1968 Hofsteniidae Bock,1923 * No NE Atlantic taxa? Antigonaria Dörjes,1968

Paratomellidae Dörjes,1966 A. arenaria Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Helgoland Paratomella Dörjes,1966 Childiidae Dörjes,1968 P. rubra Rieger & Ott,1971 Helgoland, Sylt, Arcachon, Ireland? Actinoposthia An der Lan,1936

P. unichaeta Dörjes,1966 (™ - Helgoland) A. biaculeata Faubel,1974 Helgoland, Tromsö? Sylt

Nadinidae Dörjes,1968 A. haplovata Dörjes,1968 * No NE Atlantic taxa? Helgoland

Anaperidae Dörjes,1968 A. longa Faubel,1976 Sylt, Amrum Achoerus Beklemischev,1914 (™ A. caspius Beklemishev,1914) A. pigmentea Faubel,1976 Sylt, W. Jylland A. pachycaudatus Dörjes,1968 Sylt, Juist A. caudata An Der Lan,1936 (™ - Greenland) Greenland Anaperus von Graff,1911 (™ A. gardineri von Graff,1911) Proactinoposthia Dörjes,1968 = Archactinoposthia Dörjes,1968 A. tvaerminnensis (Luther,1912) * The author describes the genus under the first = Palmenia tvaerminnensis Luther,1912 name on p. 113, with reference to this species, but = Palmeniola tvaerminnensis : Forsius,1925 using the second name during the description of the = Anaperus balticus Meixner,1938 species on p. 335 in the same paper. Baltic, Gullmarn, Oslofj., Bergen. (Rather common), Helgoland, Sylt, Plymouth P. pelophila Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Helgoland A. rubellus Westblad,1945 Gullmarn, Trondheimsfj., Bergen Atriofronta Dörjes,1968

Paranaperus Westblad,1942 A. polyvacuola Dörjes,1968 (™ - Sylt) Sylt, Helgoland P. pellucidus Westblad,1942 (™) Gullmarn, Oslofj., Trondheimsfj., Blyth, Millport Childia von Graff,1910

Philachoerus Dörjes,1968 C. groenlandica (Levinsen,1879) = Convoluta groenlandica Levinsen,1879 (™) P. lutheri (Westblad,1946) Baltic, Bohuslän (Gullmarn), Faeroes, W Greenland, = Convoluta lutheri Westblad,1940 (nomen Woods Hole (Common). nudum) = Aphanostoma lutheri Westblad,1946 Microposthia Faubel,1974 = Pelophila cavernosa Dörjes,1968 (™ of Pelophila Dörjes,1968 - Helgoland) M. listensis Faubel,1974 Baltic, Gullmarn - Tromsö, Helgoland (Common). Sylt P. pachymorpha (Dörjes,1968) Paraphanostoma Steinböck,1931 = Pelophila pachymorpha Dörjes,1968 Helgoland P. brachyposthium Westblad,1942 Gullmarn, Skagerrak, Oslofj.-Tromsö., Helgoland P. elegans (An Der Lan,1936) (Common) Greenland

P. crassum Westblad,1942 Philactinoposthia Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Oslofj., Bergen, Plymouth, Millport (Rather common), Irish Sea, Adriatic P. adenogonaria Dörjes,1968 Helgoland P. cycloposthium Westblad,1942 Gullmarn, Skagerrak, Norwegian fjords - P. diploposthia Dörjes,1968 Tromsö, Helgoland (Rather common), Irish Sea, Helgoland Mediterranean P. helgolandica Dörjes,1968 P. dubium Westblad,1942 Helgoland * containing cleptocnids Bohuslän, Bergen, Trondheimsfj., Iceland, Adriatic P. pusilla (Westblad,1946) Gullmarn P. gracilis Westblad,1945 Gullmarn, Helgoland, Sylt, Firth of Clyde (Rather P. rhammifera (Westblad,1946) common) Gullmarn, Iceland

P. macroposthium (Steinböck,1931) P. saliens (von Graff,1882) = Convoluta macroposthia Steinböck,1931 (™) = Cyrtomorpha saliens von Graff,1882 (™) Gullmarn, Dröbak, Trondheimsfj., Helgoland, = Convoluta saliens : von Graff,1905 Millport, Faeroes, Iceland, Mediterranean Baltic, Öresund, Gullmarn, Dröbak, Engl. Channel. (very common), Ireland, Faeroes, Mediterranean P. submaculatum Westblad,1942 Gullmarn, Norwegian fjords - Tromsö, Helgoland, P. viridis Dörjes,1968 Plymouth (Common), Mediterranean Juist

P. trianguliferum Westblad,1942 P. viridorhabditis Dörjes,1968 Gullmarn, Oslofj., Helgoland, Roscoff, Helgoland Mediterranean Pseudactinoposthia Dörjes,1968 Paraproporus Westblad,1945 P. granaria Dörjes,1968 P. diovatus Dörjes,1968 Helgoland Helgoland P. saltans Dörjes,1968 (™ - Juist) P. rubescens Westblad,1945 (™ - Gullmarfjord) Juist Gullmarn, Adriatic Tetraposthia Steinböck,1930,1936 = Pseudmecynostomum macrobursalium T. colymbetis Steinböck,1930 (™ - Greenland) (Westblad,1946) W Greenland Gullmarn

Polysolenoposthia ?Steinböck & Lanser,1931? E. maritimum (Dörjes,1968) * Correct family?? Not mentioned in Cannon,1986, = Pseudmecynostomum maritimum Dörjes,1968 neither by Neave. Helgoland

P. bathycola Steinböck & Lanser,19?? E. pallidum (Beklemishew,1915) = P. bathycola Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) = Aphanostoma pallidum Beklemischew,1915 W Greenland @ gut of Myriotrochus rinkii Kola Gulf P. porsildi Steinböck & Lanser,19?? = P. porsildi Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) E. papillosum (Faubel,1974) W Greenland = Pseudmecynostomum papillosum Faubel,1974 Sylt Lamelliposthia ?Steinböck & Lanser,1931? * Correct family?? Not mentioned in Cannon,1986, E. westbladi (Dörjes,1968) neither by Neave. = Pseudmecynostomum westbladi Dörjes,1968 (™) = Aphanostoma auritum f. typica Westblad,1946, L. rubromaculata Steinböck & Lanser,19?? non (M. Schultze,1851) = L. rubromaculata Steinböck,1932 (nomen = Mecynostomum auritum f. typica Westblad,1948, nudum) non (M. Schultze,1851) W Greenland Baltic (Tvärminne,Askö), Gullmarn, Helgoland, Bergen, Plymouth Mecynostomidae Dörjes,1968 Mecynostomum Van Beneden,1870 Eumecynostomum Faubel & Regier,1983 M. auritum (M. Schultze,1851) E. altitudi Faubel & Regier,1983 = Macrostomum auritum M. Schultze,1851 (™) North Sea = Aphanostoma auritum : von Graff,1930, non : Westblad,1946 nec : 1948 E. bathycolum (Westblad,1948) = Avagina aurita : Auctt. = Pseudmecynostomum bathycolum Baltic (Tvärminne, Dalarö), Öresund, Gullmarn, (Westblad,1948) Bergen, N. Germany, Sylt, Plymouth, Mediterranean Gullmarn M. haplovarium Dörjes,1968 E. flavescens (Dörjes,1968) Sylt, Helgoland = Pseudmecynostomum flavescens Dörjes,1968 = Aphanostoma auritum f. flavescens Westblad,1946 M. predatum Faubel,1976 = Mecynostomum auritum f. flavescens Amrum Westblad,1948 Gullmarn, Mellum, Bergen, Tvärminne, Millport M. cordiforme Levinsen,1879 * Sp. dubium, according to Steinböck,1932 E. fragilis (Dörjes,1968) W Greenland = Pseudmecynostomum fragilis Dörjes,1968 Helgoland M. lentiferum Levinsen,1879 * Sp. dubium, according to Steinböck,1932 E. juistensis (Dörjes,1968) W Greenland = Pseudmecynostomum juistensis Dörjes,1968 Juist Neomecynostomum Faubel & Regier,1983

E. macrobursalium (Westblad,1946) N. granulum (Dörjes,1968) = Pseudmecynostomum granulum Dörjes,1968 (™) Solenofilomorpha Dörjes,1968 Helgoland S. longissima Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Paedomecynostomum Dörjes,1968 Helgoland

P. bruneum Dörjes,1968 (™ - Helgoland) Antroposthiidae Faubel,1976 Sylt, Helgoland Antroposthia Faubel, 1974 Paramecynostomum Dörjes,1968 A. axi Faubel, 1974 P. diversicolor (Ørsted,1845) Sylt = Aphanostoma diversicolor Ørsted,1845 (™) Isefjord, Holbæk fjord, Gullmarn, Oslofj., Bergen, A. unipora Faubel,1974 (™ - Sylt) Plymouth, Port Erin, Millport, Engl. Channel, White Sylt Sea Convoluella Faubel,1974 Philomecynostomum Dörjes,1968 C. brunea Faubel,1974 (™ - Sylt) P. lapillum Dörjes,1968 (™ - Sylt) Sylt Sylt Unantra Faubel,1976 Postmecynostomum Dörjes,1968 U. polyvacuola Faubel,1976 (™ - Sylt) P. glandulosum (Westblad,1946) Sylt = Aphanostoma auritum f. glandulosum Westblad,1946 Ehlers = Pseudmecynostomum glandulosum : Dörjes,1968 RHABDITOPHORA Gullmarn MACROSTOMIDA Meixner,1926 P. pictum Dörjes,1968 (™ - Juist) Gullmarn, Sylt, Helgoland, Juist Dolichomacrostomidae Rieger,1971

Pseudmecynostomum Dörjes,1968 Dolichomacrostominae Rieger,1971

P. bruneum Dörjes,1968 Bathymacrostomum Faubel,1977 Gullmarn, Helgoland, Sylt B. spirale Faubel,1977 P. bruneofilum Faubel,1974 North Sea (Fladen Grund) ? Dolichomacrostomum Luther,1947 P. pelophilum Dörjes,1968 (™ - Juist) Juist D. spiralis Ax,19?? Hållö Solenofilomorphidae Dörjes,1968 D. uniporum Luther,1947 (™ - Tvärminne) Oligophilomorpha Dörjes,1971 * Brackish water species Tvärminne, in brackish water, Schleswig, Skåne, O. interstitiophilum Faubel,1974 Halland Sylt Megamorion Rieger & Sterrer,1968 O. karlingi Dörjes,1971 Hållö M. brevicauda Rieger & Sterrer,1968 (™ - Raunefjorden in 120m) Bergen Tvärminne, Greifswald, Kieler Bucht, German Paramacrostomum Riedel,1932 North Sea, Plymouth, Port Erin, Kola peninsula, Mediterranean, Black Sea P. tricladoides Riedel,1932 W Greenland M. balticum Luther,1947 Tvärminne, Kieler Bucht, Gullmarn, Sylt, Amrum Paromalostomum Meixner, in Ax,1951 M. boreale Riedel,1932 P. dubium (de Beauchamp,1927) W Greenland = Omalostomum dubium de Beauchamp,1927 Gullmarn, Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Belgium M. curvituba Luther,1947 * Brackish water species P. fusculum Ax,1952 Tvärminne, Kieler Bucht, Gullmarn, Bohus- Sylt, Belgium Malmön, Amrum

P. proceracauda Pawlak,1969 M. hamatum Luther,1947 Sylt * Brackish water species Tvärminne, in wet seashore sand, Swedish & P. notandum Ax,1951 German Baltic Sylt M. hystricinum Beklemischev,1951 Karlingiinae Rieger,1971 * brackish water species Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Plymouth, Isle of Man, Spain, Acanthomacrostomum Papi & Swedmark,1959 Mediterranean, Black Sea

A. spiculiferum Papi & Swedmark,1959 M. magnacurvituba Ax,1994 Italy Iceland, Greenland

Myozonaria Rieger,1968 (™ M. bistylifera M. minutum Luther,1947 Rieger,1968) = M. tuba var. minuta Luther,1947 Tvärminne, in brackish water M. arcassonensis Rieger,1971 Arcachon M. pusillum Ax,1951 Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Gullmarn, Bergen, Dröbak, M. falcis Sopott-Ehlers,1976 Esbjerg, Sylt, Amrum, Plymouth, Tromsö Arcachon, Roscoff M. rostratum Papi,1951 Macrostomidae Beneden,1870 = M. viride subsp. rostrata Papi,1951 * fresh water species, tolerating slightly saline water Antromacrostomum Faubel,1974 Finnish Baltic

A. armatum Faubel,1974 M. rubrocinctum Ax,1951 Sylt Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Gullmarn

Bradynectes Rieger,1971 M. spirale Ax,1956 Baltic, Öresund B. sterreri Rieger,1971 Sylt, Belgium M. tenuicauda Luther,1947 Tvärminne, in wet seashore sand Macrostomum Schmidt,1848 M. bicurvistyla Ax & Armonies, 1990 M. appendiculatum (O. Fabricius,1826) NE Atlantic = M. hystrix Ørsted,1843 Myozona Marcus,1949 M. papillosum von Graff,1882 ?= M. ornatum Uljanin,1870 M. purpurea Faubel,1974 Gullmarn, Sylt Sylt M. rubromaculatum von Graff,1882 M. stylifera Ax,1956 * Possibly a synonym of M. groenlandicum Sylt, Belgium (Levinsen) Gullmarn, Bergen, Ireland, Faroes, Iceland, Psammomacrostomum Ax,1966 (™ P. Mediterranean equicaudum Ax, 1966) M. septentrionale (Sabussow,1899) P. turbanelloides Karling,1974 ?= Microstoma ornatum Sabussow,1897 Baltic = Microstoma septentrionale Sabussow,1899 * Possibly a synonym of M. papillosum von Graff Microstomidae Luther,1907 Gullmarn, Bergen, Kola peninsula, ?Iceland

Alaurina Busch,1851 M. spiculifer Faubel,1974 Sylt A. composita Metschnikow,1865 Isefjord, Kattegatt, Bohuslän, Skagerrak, North Sea, M. spiriferum Westblad,1953 White Sea * Possibly a synonym of M. groenlandicum (Levinsen) A. alba Attems,1897 * containing cleptocnids Kattegatt, Fredrikshavn Gullmarn, Dröbak, Tromsö, Millport

Microstomum Schmidt,1848 M. groenlandicum Levinsen,1879 Bergen, Ireland, W Greenland M. bioculatum Faubel,1984 Wilhelmshaven M. mortenseni Riedel,1932 W Greenland M. crildensis Faubel,1984 Wilhelmshaven M. dermophthalmum Riedel,1932 W Greenland M. hamatum Westblad,1953 * containing cleptocnids TREPAXONEMATA Ehlers Bohusl., Bergen, Plymouth POLYCLADIDA Lang,1884 M. jenseni Riedel,1932 ?= M. tortipenis Steinböck,1938 ACOTYLEA Lang,1884 * containing cleptocnids Gullmarn, Bergen, Sylt, Wilhelmshaven, W Stylochoidea Poche,1926, emend. Nicoll,1936 Greenland = Craspedommata Bock,1913 M. lineare (O.F. Müller,1774) Polyposthiidae Bergendal,1893, emend. Bock,1913 = Fasciola linearis O.F. Müller,1774 * fresh water species, tolerating slightly saline Cryptocelides Bergendal,1890 waters * containing cleptocnids C. loveni Bergendal,1890 (™ - Gullmarfjord) Baltic, White Sea Bohuslän, Firth of Clyde, off W Morocco M. oculatum ?,1??? Polyposthia Bergendal,1893, em. Bock,1913 Wilhelmshaven P. similis Bergendal,1893 (™ - Gullmarfjord) Bohuslän, Skagerrak, W Scotland Malo) = Planaria corniculata Dalyell,1853 Plehniidae Bock,1913 Bohuslän, Ireland, Britain, W Mediterranean

Discocelides Bergendal,1893 S. agilis Lang,1884 Engl. Channel, Portugal, W Mediterranean D. langi Bergendal,1893 (™ - Gullmarfjord) Bohuslän, Denmark, Lofoten, Bodø, Shetlands Notoplana Laidlaw,1903 (™ Centrostomum dubium Schmarda,1895 - Sri Lanka) Plehnia Bock,1913 N. atomata (O.F. Müller,1777) P. arctica (Plehn,1896) = Planaria atomata O.F. Müller,1777 = Acelis arctica Plehn,1896 (™ - Spitsbergen) = Polycelis fallax Quatrefages,1845 ?= Polyporus caecus Plehn,1897 = Planaria maculata Dalyell,1853 E Spitsbergen, off Jan Mayen, E Greenland Isefjord, Bohuslän, W & N Norway, Faeroes, Ireland, Britain, Shetlands, Orkneys, Engl. Channel, Cryptocelididae Laidlaw,1903, emend. Poche,1926 Newfoundland, Massachussetts

Cryptocelidinae Laidlaw,1903 (Prudhoe,1985) N. kuekenthali (Plehn,1896) = Leptoplana kuekenthali Plehn,1896 Cryptocelis Lang,1884 Spitsbergen, ?White Sea, Kara Sea, Jan Mayen, E & W Greenland C. alba Lang,1884 (™ - Bay of Naples) Firth of Clyde, Plymouth, Naples Leptoplaninae Stimpson,1857 (Marcus,1947)

C. equiheni Hallez,1888 Leptoplana Ehrenberg,1831, sensu Lang,1884 (™ = Cryptocelis arenicola Hallez,1893 L. hyalina Ehrenberg,1831 - Red Sea) Pas-de-Calais L. tremellaris (O.F. Müller,1774) Pseudostylochidae Faubel,1983 = Fasciola tremellaris O.F. Müller,1774 = Planaria flexilis Dalyell,1814 Cryptostylochus Faubel,1983 (™ C. coseirensis Bohuslän, Bergen, Ireland, Britain, White Sea, (Bock,1925)) Greenland, Mediterranean, Black Sea

C. hullensis Faubel & Gollasch,1996 L. schizoporellae Hallez,1893 Bremerhafen on a ships hull, after having visited @ on Schizoporella linearis Florida, South Carolina, Baltimore, New York, Pas-de-Calais Southampton, Le Havre and Antwerp ?L. mertensii (Claparède,1861) Planoceroidea Lang,1884, emend. Nicoll,1936 = Centrostomum mertensii Claparède,1861 = Schematommata Bock,1913 Arran

Leptoplanidae Stimpson,1857 Planoceridae Lang,1884

Stylochoplaninae Meixner,1907 Planocera de Blainville,1828, sensu Lang,1884

Stylochoplana Stimpson,1857 P. pellucida (Mertens,1832) = Alloioplana Plehn,1896 = Planaria pellucida Mertens,1832 (™ - Atlantic = Notoplanides Palombi,1928 Ocean, 7°48ʼN, 23-56°W) North Sea, ?Pelagic in W. Skagerrak? S. maculata (Quatrefages,1845) ?= Planaria subauriculata Johnston,1836 ?P. folium (Grube,1841) = Stylochus maculata Quatrefages,1845 (™ - St = Stylochus folium Grube,1841 E Scotland, Mediterranean Oligocladus Lang,1884

Cestoplanoidea Lang,1884, emend. Prudhoe,1983 O. sanguinolentus (Quatrefages,1845) = Emprosthommata Bock,1913 = Proceros sanguinolentus Quatrefages,1845 (™ - St Malo) Cestoplanidae Lang,1884 = Eurylepta aurita Claparéde,1861 Bohuslän, Lofoten, Ireland, Britain, W Cestoplana Lang,1884 Mediterranean = Orthostomum Grube,1840 (nomen oblitum?) = Tricelis Quatrefages,1845 (nomen oblitum?) Prostheceraeus Schmarda,1859

C. rubrocincta (Grube,1840) P. vittatus (Montagu,1815) = Orthostomum rubrocinctum Grube,1840 (™ - = Planaria vittata Montagu,1815 (™ - Kingsbridge Mediterranean) estuary, Devon) Pas-de-Calais, Mediterranean, Cape Verde, Japan Bohuslän, Bergen, Ireland, Britain, W Mediterranean COTYLEA Lang,1884 P. argus (Quatrefages,1845) Pseudocerotidae Lang,1884, emend. Poche,1926 = Proceros argus Quatrefages,1845 St Malo Thysanozoon Grube,1840 = Acanthozoon Collingwood,1876 Stylostomum Lang,1884 = Thysanoplana Plehn,1896 = Aceros Lang,1884, non Hodgson,1844, nec Boeck,1861 T. brocchii (Risso,1818) = Acerotisa Strand,1926 = Tergipes brocchii Risso,1818 (™ - Sicily) Bergen, Plymouth, Mediterranean S. ellipse (Dalyell,1853) = Planaria ellipse Dalyell,1853 (™ - St Andrews, Euryleptidae Stimpson,1857 E Scotland) = Stylostomum variabile Lang,1884 Euryleptinae Stimpson,1857 Bohuslän, Spitsbergen, Ireland, Britain, W Mediterranean Eurylepta Ehrenberg,1831 S. typhla (Bock,1913) E. cornuta (O.F. Müller,1776) = Aceros typhlus Bock,1913 = Planaria cornuta O.F. Müller,1776 (™ - = Acerotisa typhla : Strand,1926 Kristiansand) W. Norway = Eurylepta dalyellii Johnston,1865 = Eurylepta lobianchii Hallez,1893 Prosthiostomidae Lang,1884 Bohuslän, Bergen, Ireland, Britain, W Mediterranean Prosthiostomum Quatrefages,1845 = Mesodiscus Minot,1877 Cycloporus Lang,1884 P. siphunculus (Delle Chiaje,1828) C. papillosus (M. Sars, in Jensen,1878) = Planaria siphunculus Delle Chiaje,1828 (™ - = Thysanozoon papillosus M. Sars, in Jensen,1878 Bay of Naples) (™ - Florø) Ireland, Engl. Channel, Atlantic France & Iberia, W Bohuslän, Florø, Ireland, W Britain, Plymouth, W Africa, W Mediterranean Mediterranean NEOOPHORA Westblad C. maculatus Hallez,1893 Pas-de-Calais SERIATA Bresslau PROSERIATA Meixner,1938 C. forcipis Sopott-Ehlers,1976 Coelogynoporidae Karling,1966 Sylt, Arcachon

Carenscoilia Sopott,1972 C. gallica Sopott-Ehlers,1976 Roscoff, Arcachon C. bidentata Sopott,1972 Helgoland, Sylt, Västjylland, Belgium C. gynocotyla Steinböck,1924 Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Belgium C. biforamen Sopott,1972 Helgoland, Sylt, Tromsö, Belgium C. hamulis Sopott-Ehlers,1980 North Sea Cirrifera Sopott,1972 non Cookson & Eisenack,1960 (Ciliata) C. hangoensis Karling,1953 Finnish Baltic, Tromsö, Faeroes, Greenland C. aculeata (Ax,1951) = Coelogynopora aculeata Ax,1951 C. schulzii Meixner,1938 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Helgoland, W. Jylland, Wales Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Gullmarn, Sylt, Tromsö C. boletiforme Sopott,1972 Sylt C. sequana Sopott-Ehlers,1992 Baltic, Mouth of river Seine C. cirrifera Sopott,1972 Sylt C. solifer Sopott,1972 Sylt C. dumosa Sopott,1972 Sylt C. steinboecki Sopott-Ehlers,1980 North Sea C. sopottehlersae Noldt & Jouk,1988 German & Belgian North Sea coast C. tenuis Meixner,1938 * containing cleptocnids Coelogynopora Steinböck,1924 Sylt, Kieler Bucht

C. axi Sopott,1972 C. visurgis Sopott-Ehlers,1989 Sylt Mouth of Weser river

C. biarmata Steinböck,1924 Diporoplana Steinböck, 1932 * containing cleptocnids @ Correct family? Not mentioned by Cannon,1966. Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Gullmarfjord, Helgoland, Sylt, Considered an incertae sedis now. Tromsö, Black Sea, W Greenland D. cnidophora Steinböck, 1932 (nomen nudum) C. bresslaui Steinböck,1924 W Greenland Baltic D. fulgipenis Steinböck, 1932 (nomen nudum) C. cassida Sopott-Ehlers,1985 W Greenland French Biscay coast Ezona Tajika,1980 (™ E. pinnigera Tajika,1980 C. distortofolio Sopott,1972 - W Pacific) Sylt Invenusta Sopott-Ehlers,1976 C. faenofurca Sopott-Ehlers,1992 @ in burrows of Arenicola marina I. aestus Sopott-Ehlers,1976 German North Sea Arcachon, Canary Isles Vannuccia Marcus,1948 M. fusca Ørsted,1843 = M. assimilis Jensen,1878 V. umbilica Sopott,1972 Bohuslän, Bergen, Sylt, Tromsö, Barents Sea, White Sylt Sea, W Greenland, Ireland, Engl. Channel, Black Sea Monocelididae Hofsten,1907 M. gamblei von Graff,1913 Mesoda Marcus,1949 = ?Automolos ophiocephalus : Gamble,1893, non = Pistrix Marcus,1951 (O. Schmidt,18??) Plymouth, Ireland Monocelidinae Hofsten,1907 (Marcus,1949) M. levinseni Fügenschuh,19?? Archilina Ax,1959, emend. Martens, Curini & = Coleophora levinseni Fügenschuh : Galletti,1994 Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) * Now considered an incertae sedis. Archiloa Beauchamp,1910 W Greenland

A. petiti Ax,1956 M. lineata (O.F. Müller,1774) Arcachon = Planaria subulata O. Fabricius,1780 Baltic, Öresund, Bohuslän, Sylt, Oslofj., Bergen, A. westbladi Ax,1954 Faeroes, Tromsö, White Sea, W Greenland, Ireland, Baltic Mediterranean, Black Sea

Archilopsis Meixner,1938 M. wilhelmii von Graff,1911 Ireland, Woods Hole A. spinosa (Jensen,1878) = Monocelis spinosa Jensen,1878 Monocelopsis Ax,1951 = Archilopsis inopinata Martens,1984 Bergen, Plymouth M. otoplanoides Ax,1951 (™ - Kieler Bucht) Kieler Bucht, Belgium A. unipunctata (O. Fabricius,1826) = Planaria unipunctata O. Fabricius,1826 M. septentrionalis (Sopott,1972) Martens, Curini & = Monocelis unipunctata : Auctt. Galletti,1994 = Monocelis spinosa Jensen,1878 = Mesoda septentrionalis Sopott,1972 Baltic, Öresund, Kieler Bucht, Halland, Gullmarn, Sylt Bohus-Malmön, Smögen, Sylt, Bergen, Tromsö, Ireland, Plymouth, E Scotland, W France, Madeira, Pseudomonocelis Meixner,1943 Canaries, Black Sea P. agilis (M. Schultze,1851) Boreocelis Westblad,1952 = Monocelis agilis M. Schultze,1851 Baltic, Bergen B. filicauda Westblad,1952 Gullmarn, Dröbak, Bergen, Newcastle Tajikina Martens, Curini & Galletti,1994 (™ Archiloa juliae Tajika,1982) Inaloa Martens, Curini & Galletti,1994 (™ Monocelis cirrifera Meixner,1943) Minoninae Karling,1978

Monocelis Ehrenberg,1831 Duplominona Karling,1966

M. alba Levinsen,1879 D. septentrionalis Martens,1983 = Coleophora alba : Steinböck,1932 North Sea Plymouth, Ireland, W Greenland, ?White Sea Duploperaclistus Martens,1983 = Automolos horridus Gamble,1893 * Brackish water species D. circocirrus Martens,1983 (™) Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Bergen, Plymouth North Sea Promonotus Beklemischev,1927 Ectocotyla Hyman,1944 P. arcassonensis Ax,1959 E. hirudo (Levinsen, 1879) Helgoland, Arcachon = Monocelis hirudo Levinsen,1879 = Coleophora hirudo : Steinböck,1932 P. brevirostris Fügenschuh,19?? = Monocelis honorei Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 = P. brevirostris Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 (nom. nudum) (nomen nudum) @ mouth parts of Chionoecetes opilio W Greenland Plymouth, W Greenland P. groenlandicus Fügenschuh,19?? Minona Marcus,1946 = P. groenlandicus Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) M. baltica Karling & Kinnander,1953 W Greenland Finnish & Swedish Baltic, Halland P. longirostris Fügenschuh,19?? M. degadti Martens,1983 = P. longirostris Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 North Sea (nomen nudum) W Greenland Peraclistus Steinböck,1932 P. marci Ax,1954 P. bathycolus Fügenschuh,19?? Sylt = P. bathycolus Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) P. schultzei Meixner,1943 W Greenland Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Halland, Gullmarn, Bohus-Malmön, Saltö, Sylt, Amrum, Mediterranean P. oophagus (Friedmann,1924) = Monocelis oophaga Friedmann,1924 Archimonocelididae Meixner,1938 = Coleophora chionoecetis Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) Archimonocelidinae Meixner,1938 @ Hyas araneus & on eggs of Chionoecetes opilio Murmansk, Canada, W Greenland Archimonocelis Meixner,1938

P. prostenopharynx Fügenschuh,19?? A. bathycola (Westblad,1952) = P. prostenopharynx Fügenschuh : Steinböck,1932 * containing hydrozoan cleptocnids (nomen nudum) Bergen W Greenland A. koinocystis Karling,1966 Preminona Karling,1966 * containing hydrozoan cleptocnids Bergen Pseudominona Karling,1978 A. oostendensis Martens & Schockaert,1981 Promotinae Marcus,1949 Belgium

Paramonotus Meixner,1938 Meidiama Marcus,1946

P. hamatus (Jensen,1878) Calviriinae Martens & Curini-Galletti,1993 = Monocelis hamata Jensen,1878 = Automolos hamata : Auctt. Calviria Martens & Curini-Galletti,1993 (™ C. solaris Martens & Curini-Galletti,1993 - Corsica) = Otoplana armata Ax,1951 Kieler Bucht, Helgoland, Tylösand, Tromsö Nematoplanidae Meixner,1938, emend. Curini- Galletti & Martens,1992 Kataplana Ax,1956

Ezoplana Tajika,1982 (™ E. masacoae K. arcuata Sopott-Ehlers,1976 Tajika,1982 - Japan) Arcachon

Nematoplana Meixner,1938 K. germanica (Meixner in Ax,1951) = Philosyrtis germanica Meixner, in Ax,1950 N. coelogynoporoides Meixner,1938 Kieler Bucht, Amrum, Sylt, Belgium Sylt, Kieler Bucht K. mesopharynx Ax,1956 Polystyliphora Ax,1958 Sylt

P. filum Ax,1958 Monostichoplana Ax,1956, emend. Ax, Hållö, Sylt, Tromsö Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978

Otomesostomidae Bresslau,1933 M. filum filum (Meixner,1938) Ax, Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978 Otomesostoma von Graff,1882 = Orthoplana filum (Meixner,1938) Helgoland, Sylt O. auditivum (Plessis,1874) *Fresh water species, tolerating slightly saline water M. tenuissima Ax,1956 Finnish Baltic, rivers & lakes in Fennoscandia, Arcachon Russia, Germany, Scotland, Ireland) Napoliplana Ax, Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978 (™ Otoplanidae Hallez,1892 N. cinctata Ax, Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978 - Tyrrhenian Sea) Bothriomolus Hallez,1909 Notocaryoplana Steinböck,1935, emend. B. balticus Meixner,1938 Tajika,1983 * Possibly a synonym of B. constrictus Hallez Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Bohuslän, Sylt, Tromsö N. arctica Steinböck,1935 (™ - Greenland) Greenland (Nordfjorden) B. constrictus Hallez,1909 Engl. Channel Notocaryoplanella Ax,1956

Bulbotoplana Ax,1956 N. glandulosa (Ax,1951) = Otoplana glandulosa Ax,1951 B. acephala Ax,1956 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Tromsö Kieler Bucht, W. Jylland, Sylt, Arcachon Orthoplana Steinböck,1932 Dicoelandropora Ax,1956 O. borealis (Steinböck,1931) D. atriopapillata Ax,1956 = Otoplana borealis Steinböck,1931 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Helgoland Kiel, Helgoland, Faeroes, W Greenland

Itaspiella Ax,1956 O. porsildi Kohler,1933? = O. porsildi Kohler : Steinböck,1932 (nomen I. helgolandica (Meixner,1938) helgolandica nudum) (Meixner,1938) W Greenland = Otoplana helgolandica Meixner,1938 Otoplanella Ax,1956 P. monotoides Giard,1904 Engl. Channel O. baltica (Meixner,1938) = Otoplana baltica Meixner,1938 P. rotundicephala Sopott,1972 Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Sylt, Arcachon, Belgium Sylt

O. schulzi (Ax,1951) P. rutilata Sopott-Ehlers,1976 = Otoplana schulzi Ax,1951 Sylt, Arcachon Kieler Bucht, Sylt Postbursoplana Ax,1956 Otoplanidia Meixner,1938 P. minima Ax,1956 O. endocystis Meixner,1938 Arcachon Kieler Bucht, Sylt Praebursoplana Ax,1956 Paraplana Ax,1956 P. reisingeri Ax,1956 P. biscayensis Ax,1956 Sylt Arcachon P. steinboecki Ax,1956 Parotoplana Meixner,1938 Sylt, Arcachon

P. bicupa Sopott-Ehlers,1976 Pseudorthoplana Ax, Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978 Arcachon P. foliacea (Meixner,1938) P. capitata Meixner,1938 = Otoplana foliacea Meixner,1938 (™) Hållö, Sylt, Esbjerg, Kieler Bucht, Arcachon = Orthoplana foliacea (Meixner,1938) Helgoland P. papii Ax,1956 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Arcachon Pseudosyrtis Ax,1956

P. primitiva Ax,1956 P. subterranea (Ax,1951) Arcachon = Otoplana subterranea Ax,1951 Baltic (Tvärminne, Åhus, Kieler Bucht), Tylösand, S P. renatae Ax,1956 France, Black Sea Banyuls sur Mer Xenotoplana Ax, Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978 (™ Parotoplanina Ax,1956 X. acus Ax, Wiedemann & Ehlers,1978 - Tyrrhenian Sea) P. geminoducta Ax,1956 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Arcachon Monotoplanidae Ax,1958

Philosyrtis Giard,1904 Monotoplana Meixner,1938 = Globuliphora Westblad,1952 P. armoricae Sopott-Ehlers,1985 French Biscay M. rufifrons (Westblad,1952) Gullmarn, Dröbak, Bergen, Millport P. coomansi Martens & Schockaert,1981 Netherlands TRICLADIDA Lang,1881 (Fresh water species (PALUDICOLA) may be found P. fennica Ax,1954 in brackish water) Finnish Baltic, Tromsö MARICOLA Hallez,1892 = Hirudo littoralis Strøm,1768 Meixnerididae Westblad,1952 = Planaria ulvae Ørsted,1843 = Meixneridae Westblad,1952 Isefjord, Bohuslän, Skåne, Baltic, Bergen, Ireland, Scotland, N France, White Sea Meixnerides Westblad,1952 P. lobatus (Schmidt,1861) Bdellouridae Diesing,1862 Engl. Channel

Bdelloura Leidy,1851 P. lobatus var. solowetzkiana Sabussow,1900 Faeroes, White Sea B. candida (Girard,1850) @ Limulus polyphemus P. plebeius (Schmidt,1861) * May possibly be introduced in Europe through the = P. ireneae Den Hartog,1968 spreading of the host animal Engl. Channel US Atlantic Micropharynx Jägerskiöld,1897 Pentacoelum Westblad,1935 M. parasitica Jägerskiöld,1897 P. fucoideum Westblad,1935 @ Raja Baltic Skagerrak

P. hispaniense Sluys,1989 M. murmanica Awerinzew, 1925 Spain in fresh water @ Raja spp. Murmansk P. punctatum (P. Brandtner,1935) Sluys & Bush,1988 Sabussowia Böhmig,1906 = Sabussowia punctata P. Brandtner,1935 Baltic S. dioica (Claparede,1863) Engl. Channel, ?Ireland Palombiellinae Sluys,1989 Uteriporidae Böhmig,1906 Oahuhawaiiana Kawakatsu & Mitchell,1984 (™ O. kazukolinda Kawakatsu & Mitchell,1984) Allogenus Sluys,1989 (™ Procerodes kerguelenensis (Hyman,1958)) Miava Marcus,1954 (™ M. evelinae Marcus,1954) Uteriporus Bergendal,1890 Palombiella Westblad,1951 U. vulgaris Bergendal,1890 Synsiphonium Hallez,1911 (™ S. liouvilli Bohuslän (Gullmarn, Strömstad), Mölle, Kieler Hallez,1911) Bucht, Lofoten, White Sea, Ireland

Procerodidae Diesing,1862 Foviella Bock,1925

Jugatovaria Sluys & Ball,1989 (™ J. spinosa F. affinis (Ørsted,1843) Bock,1925 Sluys & Ball,1989 - S Australia) = Planaria affinis Ørsted,1843 = Fovia affinis : Auctt. Obrimoposthia Sluys & Ball,1989 (™ O. Öresund, Bergen, Faeroes, Belgium, ?White Sea, W acuminata Sluys & Ball,1989 - New Zealand) Greenland

Procerodes Girard,1851 Ostenocula Sluys,1989 (™ Procerodes harmsi = Gunda Schmidt,1862 Lehmensick,1937)

P. littoralis (Strøm,1768) Paucumara Sluys,1989 (™ Procerodes trigonocephala Ijima & Kaburaki,1916) C. constricta Martens & Schockaert,1981 Netherlands, Belgium Procerodella Sluys,1989 (™ Procerodes japonica Kato,1955) Kytorhynchidae Rieger,1974

RHABDOCOELA Ehrenberg,1831 Kytorhynchus Rieger,1974

“TYPHLOPLANOIDA” Bresslau, 1928-1933 Neokytorhynchus Ehlers & Ehlers,1981 (™ N. pacificus Ehlers & Ehlers,1981 - Galapagos)

TYPHLOPLANIDA Promesostomidae Den Hartog,1964

Byrsophlebidae von Graff,1882 Coronhelmis Luther,1948

Byrsophlebs Jensen,1878 C. inornatus Ehlers,1974 Sylt B. dubia (Ax,1956) = Maehrenthalia dubia Ax,1956 C. lutheri Ax,1951 Baltic, North Sea Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Römö (W. Jylland)

B. graffii Jensen,1878 (™) C. multispinosus Luther,1948 (™) Skagerrak, Bergen, Trondheim, Ireland, Engl. Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Römö (W. Jylland) Channel, Faeroes, White Sea, W Greenland C. parvamanica Ehlers, in Schmidt,1972 (nomen Maehrenthalia von Graff,1905 nudum) Tromsö M. agilis (Levinsen,1879) = Mesostomum agile Levinsen,1879 C. tripartitus Ehlers,1974 North Sea, Bergen, Ireland, Barents Sea, White Sea, Sylt W Greenland, Engl. Channel, California Gaziella De Clerck & Schockaert,1995 (™ ? - M. americana Ax & Armonies, 1990 Kenya) NE Atlantic Kymocarens Ehlers & Ehlers,1981 (™ K. tibialis Maehrenthaliella Karling,1985 Ehlers & Ehlers,1981 - Galapagos)

M. intermedia (von Graff,1882) Listea Ax & Heller,1970 = Byrsophlebs intermedia von Graff,1882 (™) = Maehrenthalia intermedia (von Graff,1882) L. simplex Ax & Heller,1970 North Atlantic phytal-zone, Ireland Sylt

Parabyrsophlebs Karling,1985 Litucivis Ax & Heller,1970

P. coeca (Luther,1948) L. serpens Ax & Heller,1970 = Maehrenthalia coeca Luther,1948 (™) Sylt, SW Baltic, Helgoland Gullmarn, Skagerrak Pararhynchella Ehlers & Ehlers,1981 (™ P. fusca Ciliopharyngiellidae Ax,1952 Ehlers & Ehlers,1981 - Galapagos)

Ciliopharyngiella Ax,1952 Promesostoma von Graff,1882

C. intermedia Ax,1952 P. agile (Levinsen,1879) Sylt = Mesostomum agile Levinsen,1879 England, Ireland, W Greenland, White Sea Bergen, Helgoland, W Greenland, Mediterranean, Black Sea, Woods Hole P. balticum Luther,1918 Finnish Baltic, Kieler Bucht P. meixneri Ax,1951 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Jordsand (W. Jylland), Tromsö? P. bilineatum (Pereyaslawzewa,1892) Baltic, Black Sea P. meixneri roscoffense Ehlers,1980 Roscoff P. bipartitum Ax,1956 Sylt P. neglectum Karling,1967 Öresund, Gullmarn, Bergen P. caligulatum Ax,1952 Baltic, Öresund, Sylt, Tromsö P. norvegicum Karling,1967 Bergen P. cochlearis Karling,1935 Finnish Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Tromsö P. nynaesiensis Karling,1957 Baltic P. dennisalleni Ax, 1995 NE Atlantic P. ovoideum ovoideum (Schmidt,1852) Plymouth, Isle of Man, Ireland, W Greenland, P. digitosa Ax, 1995 Concarneau, Mediterranean NE Atlantic P. ovoideum purum von Graff,1913 P. ericae Faubel,1980 W Greenland, Irish Sea, Engl. Channel German North Sea P. paracochlearis Ax,1952 P. gracilis Ax,1951 Bergen Kieler Bucht, Sylt P. rostratum Ax,1951 P. karlingi Ehlers,1974 Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Sylt, Roscoff, Tromsö, Halmstad, Sylt, Bergen Greenland

P. kergroixense Ehlers & Sopott-Ehlers,1989 P. serpentistylum Ax,1952 French Atlantic Sylt, Jordsand (W. Jylland)

P. kristenseni Ax,1993 P. solea (O. Schmidt,1857) Greenland = Mesostoma solea Schmidt, 1857 Engl. Channel, Ireland P. lenticulatum (O. Schmidt,1852) = Vortex punctatus Levinsen, 1879 P. spiriferum Karling,1967 Faeroes, W Greenland, Ireland, Engl. Channel Bergen

P. maculosum Ax,1956 Subulagera Ehlers,1974 Arcachon S. mucronata Ehlers,1974 P. marmoratum marmoratum (M. Schultze,1851) Sylt = Mesostomum marmoratum M. Schultze,1851 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Isefjord, S. rubra Martens & Schockaert,1981 Fredrikshavn, Bohuslän (Gullmarn), Bergen, Sylt, North Sea, Belgium Ireland, Barents Sea, White Sea, W Greenland, Mediterranean, Black Sea, E USA Tvaerminnea Luther,1943

P. marmoratum nudum von Graff,1913 T. direceptacula Ehlers, Müller & Franke,1994 Sylt Anthopharynx Karling,1940

T. karlingi Luther,1943 (™) A. sacculipenis Ehlers,1972 Baltic, Öresund, Wales Roscoff, Sylt

Brinkmanniellinae Luther,1948 A. vaginatus Karling,1940 Baltic Brinkmanniella Luther,1943 Aulopharynx Ehlers,1972 B. macrostomoides Luther,1948 Baltic, Öresund, Hållö, Sylt A. aestuarius Ehlers,1972 Sylt, Belgium B. obtusa Luther,1943 Bohuslän, Dröbak, Bergen Doliopharynx Ehlers,1972

B. palmata Karling,1985 D. geminocirro Ehlers,1972 Bohuslän Sylt, W. Jylland, Belgium

B. procerastyla Ehlers,1974 Espegrendia Westblad,1954 Sylt, SW Baltic E. norvegica Westblad,1954 Protandrella Ehlers, Müller & Franke,1994 Bergen

P. cirrifera Ehlers, Müller & Franke,1994 (™) Proceropharynx Ehlers,1972 Sylt, Baltic P. anophtalmus (Meixner,1929) Westbladiella Luther,1943 Sylt, W. Jylland, SW Baltic

W. obliquepharynx Luther,1943 P. litoralis Ehlers,1972 German North Sea coast Sylt

Adenorhynchinae Ax & Heller,1970 Solenopharynx von Graff,1882

Adenorhynchus Meixner,1938 S. flavidus von Graff,1882 ? A. balticus Meixner,1938 Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Jordsand (W. Jylland) Tensopharynx Ehlers,1972

Scoliopharyngia Ehlers, Müller & Franke,1994 T. inermis Ehlers,1972 Sylt S. listensis Ehlers, Müller & Franke,1994 (™) Sylt Trisaccopharynx Karling,1940

S. arenicola Ehlers, Reise & Armonies, 1995 T. spiculatus Ehlers,1972 NE Atlantic Sylt

Solenopharyngidae von Graff,1882 T. roscoffensis Ehlers,1980 Roscoff Adenopharynx Ehlers,1972 T. westbladi Karling,1940 A. mitrabursalis Ehlers,1972 ?? Sylt, Roscoff, Römö (W. Jylland) Trigonostomidae von Graff,1905 Astrotorhynchus von Graff,1905 Paramesostoma Attems,1896

A. bifidus (McIntosh,1874) P. helgolandicum Ax,1959 = Mesostomum bifida McIntosh,1874 Helgoland, Bergen, Port Erin, Plymouth = Gyrator schmidtii Jensen,1878 Gullmarfjord, Kosterr area, Fredrikshavn, Bergen, Petaliella Ehlers,1974 Denmark, England, Millport, Ireland, Faeroes, W Greenland, White Sea, N America P. spiracauda Ehlers,1974 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Helgoland, Belgium, Arcachon Beklemischeviella Luther,1943 Proxenetes Jensen,1878 B. angustior Luther,1943 Baltic P. (Proxenetes) flabellifer Jensen,1878 (™ - Bergen) B. contorta (Beklemischev,1927) Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Isefjord, Kattegatt, Gullmarn, Baltic, Arcachon Bergen, Tromsø, Sylt, Helgoland, England, Ireland, Barents Sea, White Sea, W Greenland, Concarneau, Feanora De Clerck & Schockaert,1995 (™ F. Black Sea brevicirrus De Clerck & Schockaert,1995 - Kenya) P. (Proxenetes) deltoides den Hartog,1965 Lonchoplanella Ehlers,1974 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Königshafen, W. Jylland, Arcachon, Sylt, Tromsö L. axi Ehlers,1974 Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Belgium P. (Proxenetes) simplex Luther,1948 = P. angustus Ax,1951 Mariplanella Ax & Heller,1970 Baltic,Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Sylt, Arcachon

M. frisia Ax & Heller,1970 P. (Proxenetes) unidentatus den Hartog,1965 Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Helgoland, Jordsand (W. Jylland) Baltic, Sylt, Cuxhaven

Messoplana Den Hartog,1966 P. (Proxenetes) multidentatus Ax,1971 Kieler Bucht, Koster area (Jondelius, oral M. aremorica Ehlers & Sopott-Ehlers,1989 communication) French Atlantic P. (Paraxenetes) ampullatus Ax,1971 M. elegans (Luther,1948) Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Roscoff, Arcachon Sylt, Arcachon, Tromsö P. (Paraxenetes) intermedius den Hartog,1961 M. falcata falcata (Ax,1953) Saltö, ?North Sea Sylt, Tromsö P. (Paraxenetes) quadrispinosus den Hartog,1966 M. floralis Ehlers,1974 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Arcachon, Netherlands Sylt P. (Perixenetes) bilioi den Hartog,1966 M. helgolandica Ax,1971 Sylt, Römö (W. Jylland), Arcachon, Cuxhaven Helgoland P. (Perixenetes) quinquespinosus Ax,1971 M. roscoffensis Ehlers,1980 Sylt, Kieler Bucht Roscoff P. (Perixenetes) trigonus Ax,1960 M. rugata Ehlers,1974 Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Jordsand (W. Jylland) Sylt P. (Perixenetes) karlingi Luther,1943 Baltic Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Cuxhaven, Arcachon P. ehlersi Ax,1971 P. (Apoxenetes) flexus Ax,1971 Sylt Arcachon P. hartogi Ax,1971 P. (Apoxenetes) britannicus den Hartog,1966 Halland, Jordsand (W. Jylland), Netherlands, Sylt Öresund

P. (Apoxenetes) puccinellicola Ax,1960 P. purasjokii Ax,1971 Sylt Arcachon (in Zostera nana -mud)

P. (Apoxenetes) cimbricus Ax,1971 P. spinifera den Hartog,1966 Sylt Baltic, Sylt

P. (Archixenetes) cisorius den Hartog,1966 P. westbladi (Luther,1943) Sylt = Proxenetes westbladi Luther,1943 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Bohusl., Bergen, P. (Archixenetes) pratensis Ax,1960 Sylt, Arcachon, Roscoff, Wilhelmshafen, Tromsö Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Tromsö P. zostericola Ax,1971 P. falcatus Ax,1953 Arcachon Kieler Bucht, Hållö, Amrum P. tuberculata (von Graff,1882) P. fasciger Ehlers,1974 = Proxenetes tuberculatus von Graff,1882 Sylt, Belgium Öresund, Netherlands, Ireland

P. angustus Ax,1951 Trigonostomum Schmidt,1852 Kieler Bucht, Sylt T. armatum (Jensen,1878) P. gracilis von Graff,1913 = Kylosphaera armata Jensen,1878 Faeroes, Ireland, W Greenland, Concarneau, Bergen, European Atlantic coast from Faroes to the Madeira, Mediterranean Engl. Channel

P. lutheri den Hartog,1966 T. breitfussi (von Graff,1905) = P. cochlear : Luther,1948, non von Graff,1882 = Hyporcus breitfussi von Graff,1905 * sensu Ax,1971 a dubious species, possibly. = P. Bohuslän, Bergen, Cullercoats, Tromsö, Barents karlingi Luther,1943 Sea, W Greenland Bergen T. penicillatum (O. Schmidt,1852) P. tenuispinosus Ehlers,1974 Bohuslän, Bergen, Arcachon, England, Ireland Sylt, Römö (W. Jylland) T. setigerum (O Schmidt,1852) P. cochlear von Graff,1882 Gullmarn, Plymouth, Ireland Bergen, Ireland, White Sea, W Greenland, Engl. Channel, Canaries T. venenosum (Uljanin,1870) = Hyporcus venenosus : Auctt. P. segmentatus den Hartog,1966 Helgoland, Ireland, Faroes Sylt T. intermedium (Attems,1896) Ptychopera den Hartog,1964 Helgoland, Ireland

P. avicularis Karling,1974 T. brunchorsti von Graff,1905 Bergen, W Greenland N. coecum Luther,1948 Gullmarn Typhloplanidae von Graff,1908 N. oculatum Westblad,1954 Typhloplaninae von Graff,1908 Bergen

Castrada Schmidt,1862 Strongylostoma Örsted,1843

C. hofmanni M. Braun,1885 S. elongatum Hofsten,1907 spinosum Luther,1950 * Fresh water species. Tvärminne, brackish water Finland, in weak brackish water Thalassoplanella Luther,1946 C. intermedia (Volz,1898) = Diplopenis intermedia Volz, 1898 T. collaris Luther,1946 (™ - Tvärminne) = Typhloplana sulphurea P. Schmidt, 1848 Tvärminne, brackish water * Fresh water species. Finland, in weak brackish water Protoplanellinae Reisinger,1924

C. lanceola M. Braun,1885 Hoplopera Reisinger,1924 * Fresh water species. Finland, in weak brackish water H. littoralis Karling,1957 Baltic C. perspicua (Fuhrmann,1894) = Mesostoma perspicua Fuhrmann, 1894 H. pusilla Ehlers,1974 * Fresh water species. Sylt, Kieler Bucht Finland, in weak brackish water Pratoplana Ax,1960 C. stagnorum stagnorum Luther,1904 * Fresh water species. P. galeata Ehlers,1974 Finland, in weak brackish water Sylt, Arcachon

C. subsalsa Luther,1946 P. salsa Ax,1960 Tvärminne, in moist seashore sand Kieler Bucht, German North Sea coast

Haloplanella Luther,1946 Stygoplanellina Ax,1954

H. curvistyla Luther,1946 S. halophila Ax,1954 Tvärminne, brackish water Baltic

H. hamulata Ehlers,1974 Phaenocorinae Wahl, 1910 Sylt Phaenocora Ehrenberg,1835 H. longatuba Ax & Heller,1970 Sylt, Amrum P. subsalina (Luther,1921) Baltic H. minuta Luther,1946 Tvärminne, brackish water Mesostominae Hyman,1955

H. obtusituba Luther,1946 (™ - Tvärminne) Marcomesostoma Janssen & Faubel,1992 (™ Tvärminne, brackish water Mesostoma evelinae Marcus,1955 - ?)

Notomonoophorum Luther,1948 Mesostoma Ehrenberg,1837 M. lingua (Abildgaard,1789) * in fresh & brackish water. N. herdlaensis (Karling,1956) Baltic, White Sea, W Greenland Gullmarn, Bergen, Engl. Channel, Kieler Bucht

KALYPTORHYNCHIA von Graff,1905 Paracicerina Meixner,1928

EUKALYPTORHYNCHIA Meixner, 1928 P. laboeica Meixner,1928 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Wales Family? P. maristoi Karling,1952 Elvertia Noldt,1989 Baltic, Halmstad, Wales

E. krusei Noldt,1989 (™) P. deltoides Martens & Schockaert,1981 Sylt Netherlands, Belgium

Acrumenidae Karling,1980 Ptyalorhynchus Meixner,1928

Acrumena Brunet,1965 P. coecus Meixner, in Ax,1951 Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Belgium A. massiliensis Brunet,1965 Bergen Xenocicerina Karling,1956

Aculeorhynchidae Schilke,1969 X. gracilis Karling,1956 Gullmarn, Kieler Bucht, Esbjerg Aculeorhynchus Schilke,1969 Zonorhynchus Karling,1952 A. glandulis Schilke,1969 Sylt Z. salinus Karling,1952 Gullmarn, German North Sea coast Bertiliellidae Rieger & Sterrer,1975 Z. seminascatus Karling,1956 Cicerinidae Meixner,1928 Gullmarn, Halmstad, Kieler Bucht, Engl. Channel, Tromsö, Sylt Cicerina Giard,1904 Z. tvaerminnensis (Karling,1931) C. brevicirrus Meixner,1928 Baltic Baltic, Gullmarn, Esbjerg, Sylt, Helgoland, Wales Crassicollidae Dean,1977 C. remanei Meixner,1928 Kieler Bucht, Helgoland, Sylt, Esbjerg, Wales, Cystiplanidae Karling,1964 Belgium Cystiplex Karling,1964 C. tetradactyla Giard,1904 Baltic, Öresund, Halmstad, Sylt, Esbjerg, Arcachon, C. axi Karling,1964 Wales Arcachon

Ethmorhynchus Meixner,1938 Cystiplana Karling,1964

E. anophthalmus Meixner,1938 C. karlingi Hoxhold n.n. in Schilke,1970 Kieler Bucht, Gullmarn, Koster area, Bergen, Sylt Millport C. paradoxa Karling,1964 Nannorhynchides Karling,1956 = Listia paradoxa Karling, n.nud. Ax,1959 Sylt, Kieler Bucht, Tromsö O. lonchiferus Karling,1947 Baltic, Koster, Tromsö, Sylt Nigerrhynchus Schilke,1970 Orbiculorhynchus Noldt,1989 N. opisthoporus Schilke,1970 Sylt O. luebbeni Noldt,1989 (™) Sylt Cytocystidae Karling,1964 Paragnathorhynchus Meixner,1938 Cytocystis Karling,1953 P. subterraneus Meixner,1938 C. clitellatus Karling,1953 = P. stilofer Schilke,1970 Gullmarn, Bergen = Carcharodognathus stilofer (Schilke,1970) Kieler Bucht, Sylt Gnathorhynchidae Meixner,1929 Prognathorhynchus Meixner,1929 Ancistrorhynchus LʼHardy,1963 P. campylostylus Karling,1947 A. ischnurus LʼHardy,1963 Baltic Roscoff P. canaliculatus Karling,1947 Drepanorhynchides LʼHardy,1963 Baltic, Halmstad

D. diodontus LʼHardy,1966 P. dubius Meixner,1929 Engl. Channel Gullmarn, Kieler Bucht, Wales

Gnathorhynchus Meixner,1929 P. typhlus LʼHardy,1964 Roscoff G. conocaudatus Meixner,1929 Baltic, Sylt, Wales, Belgium Psittacorhynchus den Hartog,1968

G. inermis Schilke,1970 P. verweyi den Hartog,1968 Sylt Sylt

G. krogeni Karling,1947 Uncinorhynchus Karling,1956 Baltic U. flavidus (Karling,1947) Neognathorhynchus Karling,1956 Baltic, Gullmarn, Engl. Channel, Wales, Sylt

N. lobatus (Ax,1952) U. westbladi (Karling,1952) Baltic, Wales Gullmarn

N. longostilo Schilke,1970 Koinocystididae Meixner,1924 Sylt Axiutelga Karling,1980 (™ Utelga aculeata N. suecicus Karling,1956 Ax,1959) Sylt A. aculeata (Ax,1959) Odontorhynchus Karling,1947 Wales

O. aculeatus Karling,1956 Harenorhynchus Hoxhold,1974 Gullmarn H. proterandrius Hoxhold,1974 (nomen nudum) Sylt Baltic, Kiel Channel

Itaipusa Marcus,1949 Placorhynchus Karling,1931

I. scotica (Karling,1954) P. echinulatus Karling,1947 = Utelga s. & U. bocki Karling,1954 Baltic, Gullmarn, Bergen, Wales Baltic, Millport, Tromsö P. octaleatus octaleatus Karling,1931 Itaipusina Karling,1980 Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Sylt

I. graefi Karling,1980 (™) P. octaculeatus Karling,1931 dimorphis Elbe Estuary Karling,1947 Baltic, Öresund, Stockholm-Gullmarn, German Leguta Karling,1980 (™ Utelga chelifera North Sea coast, Iceland Karling,1954) Polycystidae von Graff,1905 L. chelifera (Karling,1954) Gullmarn Acrorhynchides Strand,1928

Marirhynchus Schilke,1970 A. robustus (Karling,1931) = Pseudopolycystis inermis Meixner,1928 M. longasaeta Schilke,1970 Baltic, Öresund, Stockholm-Gullmarn, Millport, Sylt Iceland, Tromsö

Parautelga Karling,1964 A. styliferus Schockaert & Karling,1975 Bergen, Cullercoats P. bilioi Karling,1964 Kieler Bucht, North Sea Acrorhynchus von Graff,1882

P. kielensis Ax,1960 A. caledonicus (Claparède,1862) German Baltic & North Sea coasts = Gyrator caledonicus Claparède,1862 Isefjord, Fredrikshavn, Bergen, Engl. Channel, Sekerana Sekera, 1912 Helgoland, Ireland, Barents Sea = Anoplorhynchus Meixner, 1925 Danorhynchus Karling,1955 S. stolzi (Sekera, 1912) = Anoplorhynchus piger Meixner,1925 D. duplostylis Karling,1955 ? Sylt

Utelga Marcus,1949 Gyratricella Karling,1955

U. heinckei (Attems,1897) G. attemsi (von Graff,1913) = Acrorhynchus heinckei Attems,1897 Gullmar Area, Helgoland, Wales Skagerrak, Helgoland, Ireland Gyratrix Ehrenberg,1831 U. pseudoheinckei Karling,1980 Bergen G. hermaphroditus Ehrenberg,1831 Baltic, Hållö, Bonden, Bergen, Helgoland, Ireland Placorhynchidae Meixner,1938 Lagenorhynchus Brunet, 1965, non Gray 1846 Clyporhynchus Karling,1947 (Mammalia) * In need of another name. C. monolentis Karling,1947 L. peresi Brunet, 1965 Engl. Channel off Gullmarn, Marseille, Adriatic Macrorhynchus von Graff, 1882 Limipolycystis Schilke,1970 M. crocea (O. Fabricius,1826) L. curvitubo Schilke,1970 = Polycystis crocea (O. Fabricius,1826) Sylt = Planaria crocea O. Fabricius,1826 = Macrorhynchus croceus : Auctt. Mesorhynchus Karling,1956 = Gyrator fabricii Jensen, 1878 = Gyrator steenstrupi (O. Schmidt,1852) M. terminostylis Karling,1956 SW Baltic, Öresund, Fredrikshavn, Bergen, Gullmarn, Dröbak, Bergen, Trondheim, Newcastle, Helgoland, Faeroes, W Greenland, White Sea, Port Erin, Kieler Bucht, Greenland Barents Sea, Engl. Channel, Ireland

Neopolycystis Meixner,1938 Polycystis Kölliker,1845

N. tridentata Karling,1955 P. assimilis Levinsen,1879 Sylt = Gyrator assimilis Levinsen,1879 W Greenland Opisthocystis Sekera,1911 P. contorta Schockaert & Karling,1975 O. goettei (Bresslau, 1906) Bergen = Polycystis goettei Bresslau, 1906 Spanish limnic P. groenlandica (Levinsen,1879) Bergen, W Greenland, White Sea Paracrorhynchus Karling,1956 P. naegeli Kölliker,1845 P. axi Karling,1956 Baltic, Fredrikshavn, North Sea, Engl. Channel, Kieler Bucht Ireland, Mediterranean

P. bergensis Karling,1956 Progyrator Sekera,1901 Bergen P. mamertinus (von Graff,1874) Phonorhynchella Karling,1956 Engl. Channel

P. biarcuata Karling,1956 Psammopolycystis Meixner,1938 Gullmarn P. bidens Meixner,1938 Phonorhynchus von Graff,1905 Kieler Bucht

P. bitubatus Meixner,1938 P. bondensis Karling,1956 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Skagerrak? Gullmar Area, Bergen

P. helgolandicus (Mecznikow,1865) P. bredungensis Karling,1956 = Gyrator helgolandicus Mecznikow,1865 Gullmarn = Macrorhynchus helgolandicus : Auctt. = Gyrator danielsseni Jensen, 1878 P. falcata Karling,1956 = Prostomum boreale Mereschkowsky,1879 Gullmar Area Isefjord, Kattegatt, Skagerrak, Bergen, Helgoland, Ireland, White Sea, W Greenland, Engl. Channel, Rogneda Uljanin,1870 Adriatic R. anglica Karling,1953 P. mamertinus von Graff,1874 Engl. Channel, Millport, Wales D. glandulosus (Beauchamp,1927) R. hibernica (Southern,1936) Arcachon = Polycystis hibernica Southern,1936 Engl. Channel, Millport, Port Erin, Ireland D. lappvikensis Karling,1963 Baltic, Tylösand, Sylt Scanorhynchus Karling,1955 D. rubrus Boaden,1963 S. forcipatus Karling,1955 Wales, Sylt Skagerrak, North Sea, Ireland D. serpens Karling,1949 Syltorhynchus Noldt,1989 Baltic, Wales, Sylt, Belgium

S. schockaerti Noldt,1989 (™) Karkinorhynchidae Meixner,1928 Sylt Baltoplana Karling,1949 Typhlopolycystis Karling,1956 B. magna Karling,1949 T. coeca Karling,1956 Baltic, German North Sea coast, Wales Gullmarn, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Bergen Cheliplana Beauchamp,1927 T. coomansi Schockaert & Karling,1975 Bergen C. boadeni Schilke,1970, emend. Noldt,1989 Sylt T. mediterranea Brunet,1965 = T. limicola Schilke,1970 C. evdonini Karling,1983 Gullmar Area, Bergen, Sylt Bergen

T. rubra Noldt & Reise,1987 C. marcusi (Karling,1956) @ burrows of Arenicola marina = Rhinepera m. Karling & R. divisa Schilke,1970 Sylt Tylösand, Amrum, Belgium

Psammorhynchidae Karling,1964 C. remanei (Meixner,1928) = Rhinepera remanei Meixner Psammorhynchus Meixner,1938 Kieler Bucht, Wales, Sylt, Belgium

P. tubulipenis Meixner,1938 C. stylifera Karling,1949 Gullmarn, Kieler Bucht, Sylt, Esbjerg, Wales, Baltic, German North Sea coast, Belgium Belgium C. vaginalis Karling,1983 SCHIZORHYNCHIA Kieler Bucht

Diascorhynchidae Meixner,1928 C. curvocirro Schilke,1970 Amrum Diascorhynchides Schilke,1970 C. gemmifera Noldt,1989 D. arenaria Schilke,1970 Sylt Sylt C. microcirrus Noldt,1989 Diascorhynchus Meixner,1928 Sylt

D. borealis (Beauchamp,1927) C. paradoxa Noldt,1989 Arcachon, Tromsö Sylt C. schilkei Noldt,1989 Amphirhynchus Schilke,1970 Sylt A. caudatus Schilke,1970 Cheliplanilla Meixner,1938 Sylt, Belgium

C. caudata Meixner,1938 Carcharodorhynchus Meixner,1938 Baltic, Öresund, Esbjerg, Wales, Sylt, Belgium C. ambronensis Schilke,1970 C. karlingi Boaden,1963 Sylt Wales, Tromsö C. isolatus Schilke,1970 C. rubra Schilke,1970 Sylt, Belgium Sylt C. listensis Schilke,1970 Karkinorhynchides Schilke,1970 Sylt, Belgium

K. purpureus Schilke,1970 C. polyorchis LʼHardy,1963 Sylt Roscoff

Karkinorhynchus Meixner,1928 C. subterraneus Meixner,1938 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Tylösand, Sylt, Amrum, Wales K. bruneti Schilke,1970 Sylt, Belgium Parathylacorhynchus Dean,1980 (™ P. reidi Dean,1980 - Maine) K. lehardyi Schilke,1970 Sylt Serratorhynchus Noldt,1988

K. listensis Schilke,1970 S. stellatus Noldt,1988 Sylt Sylt

K. primitivus Meixner,1928 Neoschizorhynchus Schilke,1970 Kieler Bucht N. brevipharynggus Schilke,1970 Lehardyia Karling,1983 (™ Karkinorhynchus Sylt, Belgium megalopharynx lʼHardy,1966) N. longipharynggus Schilke,1970 L. megalopharynx (lʼHardy,1966), emend. Sylt, Belgium Noldt,1989 Sylt N. parvorostro Ax & Heller,1970 Sylt, SW Baltic, Belgium L. tetragnatha (Ax & Schilke,1971) Karling,1983 = Karkinorhunchus tetragnatha Ax & Schilke,1971 Paraschizorhynchoides Schilke,1970 ? P. glandulis Schilke,1970, emend. Noldt,1989 Nematorhynchidae Schilke,1969 Sylt, Belgium

Nematorhynchus Schilke,1969 Typhlorhynchus Laidlaw,1902

N. parvoacumine Schilke,1970 T. syltensis Noldt,1985 Sylt Sylt

Schizorhynchidae von Graff,1905 Proschizorhynchus Meixner,1928 P. arenarius (Beauchamp,1927) = S. martae (Marcus, 1950) Wales, French Atlantic coast Wales, Sylt, Belgium

P. bivaginatus Schilke,1970 Schizorhynchoides Meixner,1928 Sylt, Belgium S. aculeatus LʼHardy,1963 P. gullmarensis Karling,1950 Sylt, Roscoff Baltic, Gullmarn, Wales, Tromsö, Sylt S. brevistili Noldt,1989 P. helgolandicus LʼHardy,1965 Sylt Baltic, Sylt, Belgium S. canaliculatus LʼHardy,1963 P. oculatus Meixner,1928 Sylt, Roscoff Kieler Bucht, Wales S. coronostylus Boaden,1963 P. spiracirro Schilke,1970 Wales Sylt S. diplorchis Meixner,1928 P. triductibus Schilke,1970 Kieler Bucht Sylt, Belgium S. meixneri Boaden,1963 Proschizorhynchella Schilke,1970 Wales, Sylt

P. robusta Noldt,1989 S. rarus Ax,1951 Sylt Kieler Bucht, Sylt

Pseudoschizorhynchoides Schilke,1970 S. spirostylus Boaden,1963 Wales P. ruber Schilke,1970 Sylt S. symmetricus Martens & Schockaert,1981 Netherlands, Belgium P. karlingi (Martens & Schockaert,1981) Noldt,1989 Thylacorhynchus de Beauchamp,1927 = Schizorhynchoides karlingi Martens & Schockaert,1981 T. ambronensis Schilke,1970 Sylt, Netherlands, Belgium Sylt, Belgium

Proschizorhynchoides Noldt,1989 (™ T. arcassonensis de Beauchamp,1927 Schizorhynchoides macrostylus lʼHardy,1963) Baltic, Amrum, Arcachon

P. macrostylus (lʼHardy,1963) Noldt,1989 T. caudatus Meixner,1928 = Schizorhynchoides macrostylus LʼHardy,1963 Baltic, North Sea, Ireland, Wales Sylt, Roscoff T. conglobatus Meixner,1928 Schizochilus Boaden,1963 Baltic, Esbjerg, Helgoland, Sylt, Wales, Belgium

S. caecus LʼHardy,1963 T. filostylis Karling,1956 Sylt Baltic, Sylt

S. choriurus Boaden,1963 T. longicirrus Noldt,1989 Roscoff, Wales, Sylt, Belgium Sylt

S. marcusi Boaden, 1963 T. pyriferus Karling,1950 Baltic, Tromsö, Sylt, Belgium G. expedita (Hofsten,1907) expeditoides Luther,1955 T. vicarus Boaden,1963 Baltic Wales G. ornata (Hofsten,1907) maritima Luther,1955 Limirhynchus Schilke,1970 Baltic

L. danicus Schilke,1970 Halammovortex Karling,1943 Amrum, Belgium H. macropharynx (Meixner,1938) DOLIOPHARYNGIOPHORA Ehlers Baltic (Tvärminne, Kieler Bucht), Sylt, Tromsö

H. nigrifrons (Karling,1935) “DALYELLIOIDEA” Meixner Baltic

DALYELLIIDA ?,1??? Jensenia von Graff,1882

Dalyelliidae von Graff,1908 J. angulata (Jensen,1878) = Vortex angulatus Jensen,1878 Axiola Luther,1957 Baltic (Kieler Bucht), Bergen, Tromsö, Barents Sea, W Greenland A. luetjohanni (Ax,1952) Baltic (Kiel Channel) Microdalyellia Gieysztor,1938

A. remanei (Luther,1955) M. fusca (Fuhrmann,1894) Baltic (Kiel Channel) Baltic (Nynäshamn, Tvärminne)

Beauchampiola Luther,1955 Sergia Nassonov, 1924, non Stimpson, 1860

B. arctica Ehlers & Franke,1994 S. sergia (Beklemishev, 1918) Nassonov, 1924 Tromsø, Iceland * In need of another genus. Baltic, NE Atlantic B. oculifer (de Beauchamp, 1927) NE Atlantic, Mediterranean, Black Sea Fecampiidae von Graff,1903

Castrella Fuhrmann,1900 Fecampia Giard,1883

C. truncata (Abildgaard, in Müller,1789) F. erythrocephala Giard,1886 = Planaria truncata Abildgaard, in Müller,1789 @ crabs * in fresh & brackish water Engl. Channel (The two Fecampia species are Kola peninsula, W Greenland, Spain possibly synspecific), Ireland

Dalyellia Flemming,1822 F. xanthocephala Caullery & Mesnil,1903 @ e.g. Idothea neglecta & Gammarus spp. D. rossi von Graff,1913 Engl. Channel, Ireland * in fresh & brackish water W Greenland Kronborgia Christensen & Kanneworff,1964 * at Greenland, an undescribed species from D. armigera von Graff,1913 Pasiphaea exists, according to * fresh water species Christensen,1988 Finland, in weak brackish water K. amphipodicola Christensen & Kanneworff,1964 Gieysztoria Ruebush & Hayes,1939 (™ - Öresund) @ Ampelisca macrocephala, A. tenuicornis & P. tapetis ?,19?? Haploops tubicola @ Tapes decussatus Öresund France

K. caridicola Kanneworff & Christensen,1966 Pseudograffilla Meixner,1938 @ Lebbeus & Eualus Greenland, Iceland P. arenicola Meixner,1938 Baltic, Öresund, German North Sea coast, Tromsö Glanduloderma Jägersten,1940 (™ G. myzostomatis Jägersten,1940 - on japanese Hypoblepharinidae Böhmig,1914 myzostomids) Luridae Sterrer & Rieger,1990 Graffillidae von Graff,1908 Luriculus Faubel, Rohde & Watson,1994 (™ L. Bresslauilla Reisinger,1929 australiensis Faubel, Rohde & Watson,1994 - E Australia) B. relicta Reisinger,1929 Baltic, Öresund, Sylt, Tromsö Lurus Marcus,1950 * with statocyst Graffilla Ihering,1880 Provorticidae Beklemischev,1927 G. buccinicola Jameson,1897 in the liver of Neptunea & Buccinum Kirgisellinae Öresund, Bohusl., North Sea, Port Erin, Barents Sea, White Sea Baicalellia Nasonov,1930

G. curiosa Westblad,1954 B. brevitubus (Luther,1918) Bergen = Provortex brevitubus Luther,1918 Baltic, W Greenland G. mytili (Levinsen, 1879) = Anoplodium mytili Levinsen, 1879 B. subsalina Ax,1954 @ gills of Mytilus edulis Baltic, Elbe mouth W Greenland Balgetia Luther,1962 Paravortex Wahl,1906 B. hyalina Karling, in Luther,1962 P. cardii Hallez, 1908-09 Baltic = Proderostoma cardii Hallez, 1908 = Graffilla gemellipara Auctt., non (Linton,1910) B. semicirculifera Karling, in Luther,1962 @ stomach and intestine of Cerastoderma edule Finnish & Swedish Baltic, Öresund, Sylt S Baltic, British Isles, France Canetellia Ax,1956 P. karlingi Pike & Burt,1981 @ Cerastoderma edule C. beauchampi Ax,1956 Scotland (Ythan estuary), France Baltic

P. scrobiculariae (von Graff, 1882) Coronopharynx Luther,1962 = Macrostomum scrobiculariae Villot, 1878 = Provortex tellinae von Graff, 1882 C. pusillus Luther,1962 @ Abra tenuis, Scrobicularia plana & Tapes Baltic, Netherlands decussatus British Isles, France, Mediterranean Drepanilla U. Ehlers,1979 D. limophila U. Ehlers,1979 (™) Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Bergen, Faeroes, Sylt Ireland, Barents Sea, White Sea, W Greenland, Engl. Channel Hangethellia Karling,1940 P. hispidus (Claparède,18??) H. calceifera Karling,1940 * Sp. dubium, sensu Steinböck,1932 Baltic, Hållö, Bergen, Sylt Engl. Channel, ?White Sea

Pogaina Marcus,1954 P. karlingi Ax,1951 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Gullmarn, Tromsö, P. arcassonensis Ehlers & Sopott-Ehlers,1989 Sylt French Atlantic P. pallidus Luther,1948 P. kinnei Ax,1970 Baltic, Elbe estuary Sylt P. psammophilus Meixner,1938 P. natans (Ax,1951) Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Sylt = Vejdovskya natans Ax,1951 Kieler Bucht, Belgium P. punctatus (Levinsen,1879) = Vortex punctatus Levinsen,1879 P. suecica (Luther,1948) * Sp. dubium, sensu Steinböck,1932. May be = Vejdovskya suecica Luther,1948 a synonym of Promesostoma lenticulatum (O. Kieler Bucht, Hållö, Bergen, Tromsø, Sylt, Amrum, Schmidt) Plymouth Ireland, W Greenland

P. murmanica (von Graff,1905) P. rubrobacillus Gamble,1893 = Promesostoma murmanica von Graff,1905 Ireland = Vejdovskya murmanica : Luther,19?? Bergen, Murmansk P. tubiferus Meixner,19?? Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Sylt, North Sea Provorticinae Beklemischev,1927 Vejdovskya von Graff,1905 Haplovejdovskya Ax,1954 V. halileimonia Ax,1960 H. subterranea Ax,1954 Kieler Bucht, German North Sea coast Baltic V. ignava Ax,1951 Oekiocolax Reisinger,1930 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Amrum

O. plagiostomorum Reisinger,1930 (™) V. mesostyla Ax,1954 @ Plagiostomum parasitorum * The subspecies V. m. hemicycla Ax,1960 is found Godthaabfjord (W Greenland) in Kieler Bucht Baltic Provortex von Graff,1882 V. pellucida (M. Schultze,1851) P. affinis (Jensen,1878) = Vortex pellucidus M. Schultze,1851 (™) = Vortex affinis Jensen,1878 Baltic, Kieler Bucht, Öresund, Tromsö Kieler Bucht, Bergen, Faeroes, Ireland, Engl. Channel, White Sea V. simrisiensis Karling,1957 Baltic, W. Jylland, Tromsö P. balticus (M. Schultze,1851) = Vortex cavifrons Jensen,1878 V. murmanica (von Graff, 1905) = Planaria emarginata O. Fabricius, non Schrenk) = Promesostoma murmanicum von Graff,1905 Barents Sea, W Greenland A. myriotrochi von Graff,1882 Pterastericolidae Meixner,1926 @ digestive tract of Myriotrochus rinki Spitsbergen Pterastericola Beklemishev,1916 = Triloborhynchus Bashiruddin & Karling,1970 ?A. sp. @ Leptosynapta spp. P. fedotovi Beklemishev,1916 Engl. Channel @ Pteraster militaris O.F. Müller, P. pulvillus & P. obscurus Anoplodiopsis Westblad, 1953 (™ A. gracilis White Sea Westblad, 1953 - Mediterranean)

P. pellucida Jondelius,1989 Marcusella Westblad,1953 (™ Marcusella @ Astropecten atriovillosa Westblad, 1953 - Plymouth) Koster Area * Genus not considered by Cannon,1986

P. astropectinis (Bashiruddin & Karling,1970) M. atriovillosa Westblad,1953 = Triloborhynchus astropectinis Bashiruddin & = Syndisyrinx atriovillosa Karling,1970 @ Spatangus purpureus @ Astropecten irregularis Plymouth Öresund, Koster Area. Seritia Cannon,1982, emend. Kozloff & Shinn,1987 P. psilastericola (Jespersen & Lützen,1971) = Triloborhynchus psilastericola Jespersen & S. elegans (Westblad,1953, ex Bock MS) Lützen,1971 = Ozametra elegans Westblad,1953 (™) @ in pyloric caeca of Psilaster andromeda @ digestive tract of Parastichopus * 2-3 mm long, with red pigment. Bergen, Bohuslän? Oslofj. Paranotothrix Cannon,1982 (™ P. P. bergensis Jondelius,1992 queenslandensis Cannon,1982 @ Stichopus horrens @ in esophagus of Psilaster andromeda - Great barrier Reef) * <1 mm long unpigmented Bergen Syndesmis Silliman,1881 = Syndisyrinx Lehman,1946 (synonymy by Umagillidae Wahl,1910 Jondelius 1996)

Umagillinae Wahl,1910 S. echinorum Francois,1886 @ digestive tract and coelomic cavity of e.g. Anoplodiera Westblad,1930 Echinus acutus, Echinus esculentus, Psammechinus miliaris & Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis A. voluta Westblad,1930 Bohusl., Bergen, North Sea, Barents Sea, W @ anterior part of digestive tract of Parastichopus. Greenland, Mediterranean Bergen, Bohuslän? S. albida Kozloff & Westervelt, 1990 Anoplodium Schneider,1858 NE Atlantic

A. stichopi Bock,1925 S. rubida Kozloff & Westervelt, 1990 @ coelomic cavity of Parastichopus. NE Atlantic Bohuslän, Bergen Wahlia Westblad,1930, emend. Kozloff & A. chirodotae Sabussow,1879 Shinn,1987 @ body cavity of Chirodota pellucida = Ozametra Marcus,1949 White Sea W. macrostylifera Westblad,1930 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size @ Parastichopus 1.2 mm. Bergen Bohus., North Sea, Ireland, Atlantic U.S.

Monticellina Westblad, 1953 (™ Monticellina U. murmanica Kornakova & Timofeeva,1981 longituba Westblad, 1953 - Mediterranean) @ Parasitic crustaceans, e.g. Caligus curtus on cod Murmansk Collastominae Wahl,1910 NEODERMATA Ehlers,1985 Collastoma Dörler,1900 TREMATODA Rudolphi,1808 C. monorchis Dörler,1900 @ Golfingia vulgare ?? ASPIDOBOTHRII Burmeister,18?? =ASPIDOGASTREA Faust & Tang,1936 C. eremitae Beklemischew,1916 @ gut of Nephasoma eremita ASPIDOGASTRINA Kola peninsula Aspidogastridae Poche,1907 C. wahli Ponce de Leon & Mane-Garzon,1980 @ Golfingia margaritacea Cotylogasteroides Yamaguti,1963 (™ Cotylogaster SW Atlantic occidentalis Nickerson,1902)

Bicladinae Stunkard & Corliss,1950 Lophotaspis Looss,1901

Bicladus Kaburaki,1925 L. vallei (Stossich,1899) = L. adhaerens ??,19?? Desmote Beklemischew,1916 @ Caretta caretta Mediterranean, Florida D. vorax Beklemischew,1916 @ Heliometra glacialis Multicalycidae Gibson & Chinabut,1984 Kola peninsula Multicalyx Faust & Tang,1936 TEMNOCEPHALIDA Bresslau & Reisinger,1928 = Taeniocotyle Stunkard,1962 * Fresh-water living ectocommensals on = Macraspis Olsson,1870, non Macleay,1819 crustaceans, snails & turtles. (Coleoptera) (™ M. elegans Olsson,1870 - W Norway) TAXON OF DOUBTFUL SYSTEMATIC POSITION M. elegans (Olsson,1870) UDONELLIDA ?,1??? = Macraspis elegans Olsson,1870 * This group was earlier considered to belong @ gall bladder of Chimaera monstrosa (≈ 1/3 of among the Monogenea. popul. infected in Bergen area) Where it should belong is still debated. Skagerrak?, Bergen, Trondheim, Troms Relationships to Neodermata and Rhabdocoela are two recent suggestions. STICHOCOTYLINA Gibson & Chinabut,1984

Udonellidae Taschenberg,1879 Rugogastridae Schell,1973

Udonella Johnston,1835 Rugogaster Schell,1973 (™ R. hydrolagi Schell,1973 @ Hydrolagus colliei - California) U. caligorum Johnston,1835 @ Caligus spp., e.g. C. curtus & C. elongatus & Stichocotylidae Faust & Tang,1936, emend. Lepeoptheirus Yamaguti,1963 Stichocotyle Cunningham,1884 Diplostomum von Nordmann,1832

S. nephropis Cunningham,1884 D. spathaceum (Rudolphi,1819) @ gall bladder of Raja clavata, larvae in Nephrops @ metacercariae in eyes of fishes, especially fresh Bohuslän water and estuarine species, e.g. Zoarces viviparus, Gadus morhua etc. DIGENEA van Beneden,1858 Baltic

Nidarosia ?,1??? Schistosomatoidea Looss,1899 * Which family? Sanguinicolidae von Graff,1907 N. ophiurae Mortensen,1933 = Aporocotylidae Odhner,1912 @ gonads of Ophiura sarsi @ blood vessels of fishes (adults) Trondheimsfjord Aporocotyle Odhner,1900 Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942 = Myzotinae Yamaguti, 1958 A. simplex Odhner,1900 = Microcreadiinae Mehra, 1962 @ blood from Hippoglossoides, Pleuronectes & * Which suborder and superfamily? Limanda ; cercaria in Artacama proboscidea Apocreadium Manter,1937 Öresund-Bohuslän

A. galaicus Sanmartin, Alvarez, Quinteiro & A. spinosicanalis Williams,1958 Paniagua,1995 @ blood from Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus) @ Microchiron variegatus British Isles NW Spain Chimaerohemecus van der Land,1967 Dupliciporiidae Reimer,1985 * Which suborder and superfamily? C. trondheimensis van der Land,1967 @ blood from Chimaera Dupliciporiinae Reimer,1985 Bergen, Trondheim

Dupliciporia Reimer,1985 (™ D. haeckeli Paradeontacylix McIntosh,1934 Reimer,1985 @ Pristigenys niphonicus - Mozambique) Pearsonellum Overstreet & Køie,1989 (™ P. corventum Overstreet & Køie,1989 @ STRIGEIDIDA La Rue,1926, emend. Plectropomus leopardus - Great Barrier Reef) Sudarikov,1959 Schistosomatidae Looss,1899, emend. Poche,1907 STRIGEATA La Rue,1926, emend. Sudarikov,1959 @ blood vessels of birds & mammals (adults)

Strigeoidea Railliet,1919 Gigantobilharzia Odhner,1910

Brauninidae Bosma,1931 G. vittensis Reimer,1963 @ Larus canus; cercariae in Hydrobia ventrosa Braunina Heider,1900 Baltic Sea

B. cordiformis Wolf,1903 Spirorchiidae Stunkard,1921 @ e.g. Delphinus, Stenella & Tursiops @ blood vascular system & head of turtles Mediterranean, Atlantic Amphiorchis Price,1934 Diplostomatidae Poirier,1886 @ marine turtles Carettacola Manter & Larson,1950 metacercariae (if this stage not is omitted) @ marine turtles in different invertebrate phyla.

Haemoxenicon Marlin & Bamberger,1952 Fellodistom(at)idae Nicoll,1909 @ marine turtles = Steringophoridae Odhner,1911 = Xenoperidae Poche,1926 Hapalotrema Looss,1899 = Monascidae Dollfus,1947 @ marine turtles @ fishes (adults)

H. constrictum (Leared,1862) Fellodistom(at)inae Nicoll,1909 = Distomum constrictum Leared,1862 (™) = Steringophorinae Odhner,1911 = Hapalotrema loossi = Lissolomatinae Skrjabin & Koval,1957 @ Chelonia mydas & Caretta caretta = Markevitschiellinae Skrjabin & Koval,1957 Mediterranean Fellodistomum Stafford,1904 H. dorsopora Dailey, Fast & Balazs,1993 @ Heart of Chelonia mydas F. fellis (Olsson,1868) Nicoll,1909 Hawaii = Distoma fellis Olsson,1868 (™ - Varberg) = Steringophorus ovacutus Lebour,1908 Learedius Price,1934 ?= Cercaria limae Nicoll & Small,1909 @ marine turtles ?= Metacercaria limae (Nicoll & Small,1909) James, Sannia & Bowers,1977 Monticellius ??,19??, non Monticellia La Rue,1911 = Adolescaria ophiurae Tanson,1917 (Cestoda) = Fellodistomum thapari Srivastava & Ghosh,1968 @ marine turtles @ gallbladder of flatfishes Anarhichas& lupus ; cercariae in Ennucula tenuis ; Neospirorchis Price,1934 metacercariae in Ophiura spp. & Amphiura @ marine turtles chiajei W Sweden, Bergen, North Sea, Iceland, E Squaroacetabulum ??,19?? Greenland, British Isles, Italy @ marine turtles Steringophorus Odhner,1905 Transversotrematoidea Witenberg,1944 = Leioderma Stafford,1904, non Willemoes- Suhm,1873 Transversotrematidae Witenberg,1944 = Callodistomoides Yamaguti,1970 = Squamacolidae Pan & Wang,1985 = Abyssotrema Campbell,1975

Crusziella Cribb, Bray & Barker,1992 (™ C. S. furciger (Olsson,1968) Odhner,1905 formosa Cribb, Bray & Barker,1992 @ Crenimugil = Distoma furcigerum Olsson (™ - Varberg) crenilabis - Great Barrier Reef) @ bottom living fish, e.g. Limanda & Microstomus ; occasionally they seem to develop in Prototransversotrema Angel,1969 Buccinum undatum ; cercariae in Nuculana minuta ; no second intermediate host P. steeri (Angel,19??) Öresund, Kattegatt, Tjärnö, Faeroes, Iceland, British @ ectoparasitic on Mugil cephalus Isles, E & W Greenland, Barents Sea, White Sea, Queensland Kara Sea, Newfoundland

Transversotrema Witenberg,1944 S. agnotus (Nicoll,1909) Dollfus,1952 = Fellodistomum agnotum Nicoll,1909 BRACHYLAIMATA ?,1??? ?= Cercaria megalocerca @ Anarhichas lupus, A. minor & Lophius Fellodistomatoidea Nicoll,1909 piscatorius ; cercaria in ?Portlandia arctica @ adults in fishes or birds; cercariae in bivalves; Trondheim, North Sea, Iceland, Barents Sea, White Sea, E Greenland, Scotland, Newfoundland = Stenakron ovacutus (Lebour,1908) Strelkov,1960 @ intestine of Hippoglossoides platessoides, S. thulini Bray & Gibson,1980 Lycodes vahli & Anarhichas lupus @ intestine of Onogadus argentatus, Rhinonemus Gullmarfjord, Northumberland, Scotland, cimbrius & rectum of Trachyrincus trachyrincus Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Barents Sea, Skagerrak, W Scotland Mediterranean

S. blackeri Bray,1973 Prudhoeus Bray & Gibson,1980 @ intestine & body cavity of Xenodermichthys socialis P. nicholsi Bray & Gibson,1980 (™ - off W off NW Scotland, off W Ireland, Biscay, off Ireland) Morocco @ Polyacanthonotus rissoanus off W Ireland, off NW Scotland (deep water) S. pritchardae (Campbell,1975) Bray & Gibson,1980 “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 = Abyssotrema pritchardae Campbell,1975 @ intestine of Alepocephalus agassizi & A. bairdii C. setifera Villot,1879 Rockall, off NW Scotland, off W Ireland, NW @ Abra tenuis Atlantic France

Olssonium Bray & Gibson,1980 C. dichotoma La Valette,1855 @ larva found free in the water O. turneri Bray & Gibson,1980 (™ - Porcupine Portugese Atlantic coast bank - 1000m) @ upper intestine of Alepocephalus bairdii Baccigerinae Yamaguti,1958 off W Ireland Bacciger Nicoll,1914 Steringotrema Odhner,1911 = Rhodotrema Odhner,1911 B. bacciger (Rudolphi,1819) = Distoma baccigerum Rudolphi,1819 (™ - S. pagelli (van Beneden,1871) Odhner,1911 Naples; in Atherina hepsetus ) = Distoma pagelli van Beneden,1871 (™ - = Bacciger nicolli Palombi,1934 Louvain, Belgium) = Pseudobacciger nicolli (Palombi) Yamaguti,1971 = Distomum tergestinum Stossich,1888 =? Ovotrema pontica Pigulewsky,1938 = Steringophorus cluthensis Nicoll,1909 =? Steringotrema ponticum (Pigulewsky,1938) @ intestine of Pagellus bogaraveo, Spondyliosoma =? Cercaria lata Lespès,1857 cantharus, Limanda, Microstomus & Pleuronectes =? Cercaria pectinata Huet,1891 ; cercariae in Nucula nitidosa & N. nucleus ; no =? Cercaria lutea (van Beneden) : Giard,1897 second intermediate host. @ Atherina ; cercariae in Tapes decussatus, Gullmarfjord, Tjärnö, British Isles, Netherlands, Venerupis pullastra , V. aurea ,Tellina tenuis, Belgium, Ireland, Mediterranean, Gulf of St. Venus gallina, Donax spp. & Barnea candida ; Lawrence metacercariae in Erichthonius difformis Hebrides, Port Erin, Plymouth, Arcachon, N Africa, S. divergens (Rudolphi,1809) Odhner,1911 Mediterranean, Black Sea = Distoma divergens Rudolphi,1809 @ Blennius spp., Gobidae, Capros aper, Zoarces Pronoprymna Poche,1926 viviparus, Ciliata mustela = Pentagramma Chulkova,1939, non Van Kiel, British Isles, Biscay, Mediterranean, W Duzee,1897 Morocco = Pseudopentagramma Yamaguti,1971

S. ovacutum (Lebour,1908) Yamaguti,1953 P. ventricosa (Rudolphi,1819 Poche,1926 = Steringophorus ovacutus Lebour,1908 (™ of = Distoma ventricosum Rudolphi, 1819 (™ - Rhodotrema Odhner,1911) Rimini; in Alosa alosa ) = Apoblema ventricosum (Rudolphi,1819) Monascus Looss,1907 Monticelli,1893 = Haplocladus Odhner,1911 = Pronopyge ventricosa (Rudolphi,1819) Odhner,1911 M. filiformis (Rudolphi,1819) Looss,1907 = Distoma ocreatum (Rudolphi) : Molin,1859 = Distoma filiforme Rudolphi,1819 (™ - Rimini; in = Apoblema ocreatum (Rudolphi) : Monticelli,1891 Cepola rubescens ) = Pronopyge ocreatum (Rudolphi) : Looss,1899 = Haplocladus filiformis (Rudolphi,1819) = Distomum carolinae Stossich,1888 Odhner,1911 = Pentagramma symmetricum Chulkova,1939 = Haplocladus typicus Odhner,1911 = Pseudopentagramma symmetricum = Haplocladus minor Odhner,1911 (Chulkova,1939) Yamaguti,1971 = Haplocladus orientalis Srivastava,1937 = Orientophorus caspialosae Kurochkin,1964 = Monascus netoi Travassos, Teixeira de Freitas & @ intestine & pyloric caecae of Alosa spp.; Bührnheim,1965 occasionally Sprattus & Engraulis = Monascus chauhani Kumari,1975 Netherlands, Belgium, Britain, Mediterranean, = Monascus ovilobatus Kumari,1975 Black Sea = Monascus elongatus Karyakarte & Yadav,1976 @ Limanda &Trachurus ; immatures in Xenoperinae Poche,1926 (emend. Bray & Arnoglossus, Buglossidium, Crystallogobius, Gibson,1980) Glyptocephalus & = Proctoecinae Skrjabin & Koval,1957 Pomatoschistus ; cercaria in Nucula nitidosa & N. nucleus ; ?metacercariae in Sagitta setosa Proctoeces Odhner,1911 Kattegatt, Tjärnö, Plymouth, Mediterranean

P. maculatus (Looss,1901) “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 = Distomum maculatum Looss,1901 (™ - Trieste, in Labrus merula ) C. dichotoma Pelseneer,1906, non La Valette,1855 = Distomum subtenue Linton,1907 @ ?Macoma balthica = Proctoeces buccini Loos-Frank,1969 Boulogne-sur-Mer = Proctoeces scrobiculariae Loos-Frank,1969 = Proctoeces erythraeus Odhner,1911 Tergestiinae Skrjabin & Koval,1957 ?= Proctoeces major Yamaguti,1934 = Proctoeces progeneticus Dollfus,1965 Tergestia Stossich,1899 = Proctoeces hawaiiensis Yamaguti,1970 = Cercaria tenuans Cole,1935 T. laticollis (Rudolphi,1819) = C. megalophallos Palombi,1926 = Distoma laticolle Rudolphi,1819 (™ - Rimini ; in = C. dubia Cerruti,1948 Trachurus trachurus ) = C. milfordensis Uzmann,1953 = Echinostoma laticolle (Rudolphi,1819) @ Buccinum undatum, Scrobicularia plana, Parona,1899 ?Labridae & ?Blennidae; cercariae, = Distoma polonii Molin : Olsson,1868 metacercariae & sometimes adults in Mytilus , in = Tergestia acanthogobii Yamaguti,1938 which species the whole life cycle may = Tergestia acanthocephala (Stossich,1887) : be completed. However metacercariae may be Baylis,1939 found also in e.g. Buccinum undatum, ?= Cercaria kenti Dollfus,1927 Nucella lapillus, Scrobicularia plana, ?= Cercaria mathiasi Dubois, Baer & Euzet,1952 Leptonereis, Rissoa etc. @ Trachurus trachurus, Scomber scombrus German North Sea coast, British Isles, Portugal, Bergen, British Isles, Mediterranean, Morocco, Mediterranean, Black Sea Black Sea

Xenopera Nicoll,1915 Tandanicolinae Johnston,1927 = Monodhelminthinae Dollfus,1937 Monascinae Dollfus,1947 = Mehratrematinae Srivastava,1939 @ intestine of marine fishes (adults) = Prosogonariinae Mehra,1963 = Buckleytrematinae Yamaguti,1971 =?? Distomum margaritarum Dubois,1901 Monodhelmis Dollfus,1937 @ Somateria mollissima ; metacercariae in ?Mytilus = Mehratrema Srivastava,1939 edulis = Burnellus Angel,1971 * may cause pearl formatin in mussels? Sweden, ?American North Atlantic coast Occultacetabulinae Reimer,1985 G. sp. (deliciosus ?) ?Lauckner,1971? Occultacetabulum Reimer,1985 (™ O. @ unknown bird; cercariae in Cerastoderma dorsolineatum Reimer,1985 @ Bathypterois ater glaucum ; metacercariae in Hediste - Mozambique) diversicolor or Cerastoderma glaucum Baltic Sea Gymnophalloidea Odhner,1905, emend. Brooks, Bandoni, Macdonald & OʼGrady,1989 G. rebecqui Bartoli,1983 = Cercaria dichotoma Lebour,1908 &? Müller,1855 Gymnophallidae Odhner,1905 = Parvitrema sp. 1 : J. Rebecq,1964 @ birds (adults) @ cercariae in Abra tenuis ; metacercariae in Abra tenuis & Cerastoderma glaucum ; adults in Aythya Gymnophallus Odhner,1900 ferina, A. fuligula & Anas cylpeata G. margaritarum Dubois,1901 Northumberland, Plymouth, S France @ sea birds; intermediate hosts: Mytilus France, North Sea G. rostratus Bartoli,1982 @ marine bivalves G. dipsilis Nicoll,1907 S France @ sea birds; intermediate hosts: Mytilus ? Paragymnophallus Ching,1973

G. gibberosus Loos-Frank,1971 P. odhneri Ching,1973 @ ducks; first intermediate host not known; = Gymnophallus somateriae Odhner,1900, non metacercariae in eg. Donax,Cerastoderma (Levinsen,1881) spp., Macoma balthica, Mytilus edulis, @ Somateria mollissima ?Littorina littorea Canada, ?Sweden * May induce pearl-formation. S. Baltic, Belt Sea, Wadden Sea, French Atlantic Meiogymnophallus Ching,1965 coast = Gymnophalloides James,1964, non Fujita,1925

G. choledochus Odhner,1900 M. fossarum (Bartoli,1965) = Cercaria fulbrighti Hutton,1952 = Gymnophallus fossarum Bartoli,1965 @ sporocysts with cercariae & metacercariae in @ metacercariae in Cerastoderma Cerastoderma edule ; some larvae leave edule,Cerastoderma glaucum & Tapes decussatus their first host and infect polychaetes, e.g. S France, Portugal Hediste diversicolor, Nephtys hombergi & Arenicola marina and use gulls as final hosts, M. minutus (Cobbold,1859) Bowers & James,1967 others that stay reaches their adult state in = Cercaria margaritae Lebour,1912 waders (Limicolide) @ Haematopus ostregalus ; cercariae Wadden Sea, British Isles inScrobicularia plana ; metacercariae in Cerastoderma edule G. somateriae (Levinsen,1881) Belt Sea, Wadden Sea, British Isles, Portugal @ Somateria mollissima ; metacercariae in ?Hiatella rugosa M. jamesoni Bowers,1965 Greenland @ Melanitta nigra ; intermediate hosts not known North Sea G. bursicola Odhner,1900 M. strigatus (Lebour,1908) Bartoli,1983 Plymouth = Gymnophallus strigatus Lebour,1908 @ unknown bird; cercariae in Tellina tenuis ; C. duoglandulosa ?Reimer,1962? metacercariae in e.g. Ensis, Donax, Spisula & @ Macoma balthica Solen Baltic British Isles, Mediterranean C. trioglandulosa ?Reimer,1962? M. sp. Lauckner,1977 @ Macoma balthica @ metacercariae in Cerastoderma edule Baltic Wadden Sea C. dichotoma Chubrik,1966, non Pelseneer,1906 Lacunovermis Ching,1965 @ Turtonia minuta Barents Sea, White Sea L. macomae (Lebour,1908) = Gymnophallus macroporus Jameson & C. scrivenensis Lebour,1912 Nicoll,1913 ?= C. sp. Johannessen,1973 = Metacercaria mutabilis Markowski,1936 @ metacercariae (sic!) in Venerupis pullastra =? Cercaria baltica Markowski,1936 * C. sp. from Bergen is possibly not a gymnophallid, @ Melanitta nigra, Somateria mollissima ; Macoma but a fellodistomid? balthica (first & second intermediate host) Scotland, ?Bergen Baltic, S. North Sea C. sp. Loos-Frank,1971 Parvatrema Cable,1953 @ Scrobicularia plana North Sea P. homoeotectum James,1964 @ Littorina saxatilis tenebrosa (first & second Bucephaloidea Poche,1907 intermediate host) @ limnic & marine fish; larvae in bivalves Wales Bucephalidae Poche,1907 P. affinis (Jameson & Nicoll,1913) = Cercaria baltica Markowski,1936 Gasterostomum von Siebold,1848 = Metacercaria morula Markowski,1936 = Bucephalus von Baer,1826, non Dejean,1821 @ Haematopos ostregalus, Somateria molissima, Melanitta spp., Sterna spp.; Macoma G. polymorphus (von Baer,1827) balthica (first & second intermediate host) @ Anguilla and a variety of fresh water fishes Baltic, North Sea, White Sea ?

P. sp. G. gadorum (Rathke,1799) = Cercaria quadriramis Chubrik,1966 @ Gadus morhua & Pollachius virens @ Onoba aculeus, Margarites helicinus, Epheria Denmark divaricata, Littorina saxatilis, L. obtusata, Buccinum groenlandicum & Lacuna neriteidea G. vipera van Beneden,1870 N Norway, Barents Sea, White Sea @ Trachinus vipera Belgium “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 G. vivae van Beneden,1870 C. turtonii ?Chubrik,1966? @ Trachinus draco @ unknown bird; Turtonia minuta (first & second Belgium intermediate host) Barents Sea, White Sea G. clupeae van Beneden,1870 @ Sprattus sprattus C. reesi Hutton,1953 Belgium @ Hiatella spp. G. haimeanus (Lacaze-Duthiers,1854) @ cercariae in Ostrea edulis ; life cycle not known R. genovi Dimitrov, Kostadinova & Gibson,1996 Balearic Islands @ Gaidropsarus mediterraneus & Blennius spp. Black Sea G. baeri (Maillard,1976) @ Dicentrarchus labrax ; cercariae in Venerupis R. gracilescens (Rudolphi,1819) aureus & possibly V. pullastra & Tapes @ Lophius piscatorius, Molva molva, Merlangus, decussatus ; metacercariae in Pomatoschistus Melanogrammus microps *Is not this a synonym of Bucephalopsis Mediterranean gracilescens ? Mediterranean G. syndosmyae (Lebour,1912) @ Abra alba R. johnstonei Pulsford & Matthews,1984 British Isles @ Pleuronectes platessa Britain Labratrema Maillard,1975 Prosorhynchus Odhner,1905 L. minimus (Stossich,1887) = L. lamirandi (Carrère,1937) P. squamatus Odhner,1905 @ Dicentrarchus labrax ; cercariae in Cerastoderma ?= Bucephalus mytili Cole,1935 glaucum ; metacercariae in ?= Bucephalus crux Levinsen,1881 Pomatoschistus microps & Atherina mouchon @ cercariae in Mytilus edulis & ?Musculus discors Arcachon, British Isles, Mediterranean * Infested mussels more easily gap with their valves, when transferred to air. Bucephalopsis Diesing,1855 Baltic, Norway, S. Engl. Channel, England, Iceland, = Prosorhynchoides Dollfus,1929 White Sea, Greenland = Bucephaloides Hopkins,1954 P. grandis Lebour,1908 B. gracilescens (Rudolphi,1819) Nicoll,1914 @ cod & withing @ Lophius & Conger, metacercariae in cod and Northumberland related species and in Enchelyopus cimbrius, cercariae in Abra alba P. triglae Nicoll,1914 Sweden, Bergen, Trondheim, Troms, British Isles, * Dubious species Biscay, Mediterranean @ Eutrigla gurnardus Engl. Channel B. triglae (van Beneden,1870) @ Trigla hirundo Rudolphinus Stunkard,1974 Belgium R. crucibulum (Rudolphi,1819) Dolichoenterum Ozaki,1924 = Monostoma crucibulum Rudolphi,1819 =? Prosorhynchus crucibulum : Odhner,1905 D. longissimum Ozaki,1924 = Prosorhynchus aculeatus Odhner,1905 ?= D. manteri Tendeiro,1955 = Prosorhynchus squamatus (??,18??) @ Conger conger, C. myriaster & Muraenesox =? Bucephalus mytili Cole,1935 cinereus @ Conger conger ; cercaria in Mytilus edulis ; off W Scotland, Biscay, ?Portugal, Japan , New metacercaria in muscles of Scophthalmus, Limanda, Zealand Ciliata, Pomatoschistus minutus, Liparis, Pholis Rhipidocotyle Diesing,1858 gunnellus & Myoxocephalus and gill tissue of cod Baltic, Öresund, Bergen, White Sea, Iceland, R. galeata (Rudolphi,1819) Greenland, British Isles, Belgium, Biscay, @ weevers and gurnards Mediterranean British Isles AZYGIIDA Schell, in Parker,1982 @ fishes or (rarely] amphibians [adults) Elongoparorchis Rao,1961 = Pelorohelmins Fischthal & Kuntz,1964 AZYGIATA ?,19?? = Dollfustravassosius Freitas & Kohn,1967 * Correct subfamily? Azygioidea Odhner,1911 Hemiurus Rudolphi,1809 Azygidae Odhner,1911 = Pronopyge Looss,1899 @ fishes; cercariae in prosobranchs H. levinseni Odhner,1905 Otodistomum Stafford,1904 @ Gadus spp. & Argentina silus ; cercaria * According to Brinkmann 1988, one of the main probably in Lunatia pallida, sensu Køie,1990 intermediate hosts for this genus is Rhinonemus Denmark, Greenland cimbrius, where the metacercarie are found encapsulated in the liver. H. ocreatus (Rudolphi,1802) @ ?Clupeidae, ?Salmonidae, Scombridae, O. cestoides (van Beneden,1871) Pollachius, Merlangius etc. @ clinging to the stomach mucosa of Raja, rarely Baltic, North Sea, British Isles sharks * May be a synonym of O. veliporus H. luehei Odhner,1905 Scandinavia @ stomach of Clupeidae, Salmonidae, Scombridae, Gadidae, Ammodytidae; cercariae in Philine O. veliporum (Creplin,1837) Stafford,1904 denticulata (Adams); metacercariae in calanoid @ Sharks and torpedos; Larvae in various other copepods, e.g. Temora longicornis (Müller) & species, e.g. Glyptocephalus cynoglossus Acartia tonsa Dana and in Sagitta sp. Sweden, Norway, British Isles, Biscay, Italy S Baltic, Öresund, Kattegatt, North Sea, Faeroes

Bivesiculidae ?,19?? H. communis Odhner,1905 @ stomach of very many fish species; cercariae in Bivesicula Yamaguti,1934 Pleurobrachia pileus ; metacercariae in ?pelagic ?copepods? Bivesiculoides Yamaguti,1938 S. Baltic, Sweden, British Isles, Ireland

Paucivitellosus Coil, Reid & Kuntz,1965 H. appendiculatus (Rudolphi,1802) Looss,1899 @ stomach of Alosa fallax Aphanhysteridae ?,1??? Biscay, Mediterranean, Lusitanian distribution

Aphanhystera ?,1??? Brachyphallus Odhner,1905

HEMIURATA Markevitsch,1951 B. crenatus (Rudolphi,1802) Odhner,1905 @ cercaria in Retusa obtusa ; metacercariae in Hemiuroidea Looss,1899 calanoid copepods (e.g. Acartia longiremis ), Sagitta spp. & Pleurobrachia pileus ; adults in stomach Hemiuridae Looss,1899 of e.g. Ammodytes, Gasterosteus, Myoxocephalus, @ stomachs of marine fishes; cercariae most often Gadus morhua, Sprattus, Clupea harengus, Alosa in prosobranchs; metacerc. in copepods spp., Trutta trutta, Platichthys, Pomatoschistus minutus & Anguilla anguilla Hemiurinae Looss,1899 S. Baltic, Öresund, Kattegatt, S North Sea, British * Other genera than Hemiurus may be wrongly Isles, White Sea placed in this subfamily. Glomericirrus Yamaguti,1937 Allostomachicola Yamaguti,1958 * Correct subfamily? * Correct subfamily? G. macrouri (Gaevskaya,1975) Gaevskaya,1979 @ Philine aperta = Hemiurus macrouri Gaevskaya,1975 English Channel = Glomericirrus ulmeri Campbell & Munroe,1977 = Hemiurus antarcticus Reimer,1987 C. melanocystea Arvy & Gaillard,1956 @ Coryphaenoides rupestris @ Pandora albida (Röding) = P. inaequivalvis NW Atlantic, Antarctic Linnaeus English Channel Derogenoides Nicoll,1913 * Correct subfamily? Gonocercinae Skrjabin & Guschanskaja,1955

D. ovacutus Nicoll,1913 Gonocerca Manter,1925 @ Trachinus draco Plymouth G. crassa Manter,1934 @ Molva dipterygia Geloninea Manter,1916 ? * Correct subfamily? G. macroformis ??,1??? G. laticauda Manter,1925 @ ovary of cod @ Hippoglossus vulgaris ? ? G. macrouri Gaevskaya1?975 Gonocercella Manter,1940 @ Cyryphaenoides rupestris * Correct subfamily? NW Atlantic

G. sepiocola Reimer,1975 G. phycidis Manter, 1925 @ Sepia officinalis @ Phycis ? Engl. Channel NE Atlantic

Aphanurus Looss,1907 Lecithochiriinae Lühe,1901 * Correct subfamily? Lecithochirium Lühe,1901 A. stossichii (Monticelli,1893) = Ceratotrema Jones,1933 @ Sardina pilchardus & Trachurus trachurus = Sterrhurus Looss,1907 Celtic Sea * Sometimes in its own subfamily Lecithochiriinae Lühe,1901 A. mugilus Tang,1981 @ Mugil cephalus L. rufoviride (Rudolphi,1819) China = L. gravidum Looss,1907 = Cercaria vaullegeardi Pelseneer,1906 Parahemiurus Vaz & Pereira,1930 @ Anguilla, Conger , Dicentrarchus & Lophius ; * Correct subfamily? cercaria in Gibbula cineraria (Linnaeus) ; main second Stomachicola Yamaguti,1934 intermediate hosts are harpacticoid copepods. = Linguastomachicola Srivastava & Sahai,1978 Ctenolabrus, Pholis, Ciliata & Gadus * Correct subfamily? often serve as third hosts Kattegatt, British Isles, Biscay, Mediterranean Cercaria O.F. Müller,1773 L. fusiforme Lühe,1901 C. sinitzini Rothschild,1938 = Sterrhurus fusiforme (Lühe,1901) @ cercariae in Hydrobia ulvae @ Conger & Lophius Plymouth British Isles, Mediterranean

C. dollfusi ?Arvy,1951? L. furcolabiatum (E.I. Jones,1933) @ Ciliata mustela , Conger conger ; cercaria in Tubulovesicula Yamaguti,1934 Gibbula umbilicalis ; main second intermediate hosts are harpacticoid copepods Uterovesiculurus Skrjabin & Guschanskaja,1954 British Isles Plerurinae Gibson & Bray,1979 L. musculus (Looss 1907) NE Atlantic Adinosoma Manter,1947

L. cristatum (Rudolphi 1819) Dinosoma Manter,1934 NE Atlantic D. ventrovesicularis Gibson & Bray,1986 L. excisum (Rudolphi 1819) @ Xenodermichthys socialis = L. crenatum (Molin 1859) Ireland NE Atlantic Merlucciotrema Yamaguti,1971 Synaptobothrium von Linstow,1904 M. praeclarum (Manter,1934) S. caudiporum (Rudolphi,1819) @ myctophiform & gadiform fishes Bathysaurus( @ several fish species, e.g.Zeus & Pleuronectes spp., Cataetyx ) British Isles, Mediterranean N Atlantic

Dinurinae Looss,1907 Plerurus Loos,1907

Atheria Hafeezullah,1975 Voitrema Yamaguti,1971

Dinurus Looss,1907 Derogenidae Nicoll,1910

D. tornatus (Rudolphi,1819) Derogenes Lühe,1900 @ e.g. Sarda ? D. varicus (O.F. Müller,1784) Looss,1901 = Cercaria appendiculata Pelseneer,1906 D. scombri Yamaguti,1934 = Distoma beroes ?Will,1844? (metacercaria) = Dinurus selari Parukhin,1966 @ stomach of very many fish species; even from @ ? Sepia officinalis; Cercaria in Naticidae; metacercaria ? in planctonic copepods, hermit crabs, ctenophores and chaetognats Ectenurus Looss,1907 S. Baltic, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, British Isles, @ Sagitta Biscay

E. lepidus Looss,1907 Hemipera Nicoll,1913 British Isles, Mediterranean, in e.g. Trachurus H. ovocaudata Nicoll,1913 Erilepterus Woolcock,1935 @Ciliata, Gaidropsaurus & Lepadogaster Plymouth Lecithocladium Lühe,1901 H. magnaprostatica Gaevskaja & Aljoshkina,1995 L. excisum (Rudolphi,1819) Lühe,1901 @ Merluccius merluccius senegalensis = Lecithocladium crenatum (Molin,1859) NE Atlantic @ cercaria in Philine aperta ; adults in Scomber spp. Liopyge Looss,1899 S. Baltic, British Isles, Biscay, Portugal, * A tentative synonym of Derogenes Lühe,1901 Mediterranean according to Gibson & Bray 1979 L. bonnieri (Monticelli,1893) Hirudinella de Blainville,1828 @ Eutrigla gurnardus ? Syncoeliidae Loos,1899 @ gill cavity or mouth of marine fishes (except for Magnibursatus ??,19?? Paronatrema )

M. caudofilamentosa (Reimer,1971) Gibson & Syncoelium Looss,1899 Køie,1991 = Cercaria caudofilamentosa Reimer,1971 S. regaleci Villarreal & Dailey,1993 @ Cercaria in Rissoa membranacea ; metacercaria @ branchial cavity of Regalecus glesne in harpacticoids; adult in buccal cavity of Mexico Gasterosteus aculeatus S Baltic, Denmark Otiotrematinae Skrjabin & Guschanskaja,1957 = Paronatrematinae Skrjabin & Guschanskaja,1957 M. skrjabini (Vlasenko, 1931) @ ? Paronatrema Dollfuss,1937 Europe @ on sp. in oviduct of Squalus & another species on skin of Manta Bunocotylidae Dollfus,1950 Lecithasteridae Odhner,1905 Bunocotyle Odhner,1928 @ stomachs of marine fishes; cercariae in ?pyramidellomorphs; metacercariae in B. cingulata Odhner,1928 copepods @ Hydrobia ventrosa (may complete its life cycle in the snail, but copepods may serve as Aponurus Looss,1907 intermediate hosts and teleosts as final hosts) = Brachodena Linton,1910 Baltic Sea =? Mordvilkoviaster Pigulewsky,1938

B. progenetica (Markowski,1936) A. laguncula Looss,1907 = Metorchis progenetica Markowski,1936 @ e.g. Clupea harengus, Mullus & Trachinus @ Hydrobia ulvae & H. ventrosa (the complete Britain, Mediterranean life cycle) Baltic Sea, N. France, Mediterranean Lecithaster Lühe,1901

Neotheletrum Gibson & Bray,1979 (™ N. L. confusus Odhner,1905 lissosomum (Manter,1940)) @ Clupea & Alosa ; cercariae in Odostomia trifida Totten; metacerc. in pelagic copepods. Theletrinae Gibson & Bray,1979 ?S. Baltic, Greenland, Mediterranean

Indoderogenes Srivastava,1937 L. gibbosus (Rudolphi,1802) @ a variety of fish, e.g. Sprattus, Solea, Ammodytes, Monolecithotrema Yamaguti,1970 Pomatoschistus & Labrus ; cercariae in Odostomia eulimoides Hanley Theletrum Linton,1910 Öresund, Kattegatt, North Sea, British Isles

Bathycotylidae ?,1??? Lecithophyllum Odhner,1905 @ stomach of marine teleosts L. botryophorum (Olsson,1868) Botulidae ?,1??? = Aponurus argentini Poljansky,1952 @ stomach of marine fishes @ Argentina spp. Sweden?, British Isles Hirudinellidae Dollfus,1932 L. irelandeum Orias, Noble & Alderson,1978 @ Bathylagus euryops Varberg, Skagen, Ireland, Mediterranean NE Atlantic Accacladium Odhner,1928 L. magnaprostatica Gajevskaja & Kovaljova,1989 @ Alepocephalus rostratus A. serpentulum Odhner,1928 (™ - Bergen) NE Atlantic = Distomum nigroflavum : Monticelli,1893, non Rudolphi,1819 Thulinia Gibson & Bray,1979, non Bertolani,1981 = Accacladium nematulum Noble & Noble,1937 (Tardigrada) (™ T. tinkeri (Manter & @ intestine of Mola mola Pritchard,1960)) Kattegatt, Bergen, Mediterranean, California

Ptychogonimidae Dollfus,1936 Rhynchopharynx Odhner,1928 @ stomachs of marine fishes; cercariae in scaphopods; metacerc. in decapod crustaceans R. paradoxa Odhner,1928 (™ - Trieste) @ intestine of Mola mola Ptychogonimus Lühe,1900 Väderöarna, Havstenssund, Mediterranean, off Japan P. megastoma (Rudolphi,1819) = Cercaria dentali Pelseneer,1906? Accacladocoelium Odhner,1928 @ Mustelus ; cercariae in Antalis ; unencysted = Gauschanskiana Skrjabin,1959 metacercariae in Brachyura * According to Dawes,1959, is Metacercaria owreae British Isles, Mediterranean Hutton,1954, recorded from Chaetognatha from Florida, belonging in this genus. “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 A. nigroflavum (Rudolphi,1819) C. prenanti Arvy,1949 = Distoma nigroflavum Rudolphi,1819 (™ - @ cercariae in gonads of Antalis entale Naples) English Channel = Distoma megnini Poirier,1885 @ intestine of Mola mola Sclerodistomidae Odhner,1927 Kattegatt, England, Rockall, Ireland, Mediterranean

Kenmackenziinae Gibson,1983 A. macrocotyle (Diesing,1858) Robinson,1934 = Distomum macrocotyle Diesing,1858 Kenmackenzia Gibson,1983 (™ Distoma gigas @ intestine of Mola mola Nardo,1827 @ Luvarus - South Africa) Kattegatt, Skagerrak, Scotland, Ireland, WSW off Britain, Mediterranean, E USA Sclerodistomoididae Gibson & Bray,1979 A. petasiporum Odhner,1928 Sclerodistomoides Kamegai,1971 @ intestine of Mola mola Göteborg, Mediterranean Accacoelioidea Odhner,1911 @ marine fishes; metacercariae in medusae & A. alveolatum Robinson,1934 (™ of chaetognathes Gauschanskiana Skrjabin,1959) @ intestine of Mola mola Accacoeliidae Odhner,1911 Göteborg, British Isles

Accacoeliinae Odhner,1911 Odhnerium Yamaguti,1934 = Mneiodhneria Dollfus,1935 Accacoelium Monticelli,1893 = Caballeriana Skrjabin & Guschanskaja,1959

A. contortum (Rudolphi,1819) Monticelli,1893 O. calyptrocotyle (Monticelli,1893) Yamaguti,1934 = Distoma contortum Rudolphi,1819 (™ - Naples) = Distoma calyptrocotyle Monticelli,1893 (™ - @ among gills of Mola mola ?Mediterranean) = Distoma foliatum Linton,1898 Halvorsenius Gibson, MacKenzie & Cottle,1981 = Caballeriana lagodovsky Skrjabin & Guschanskaja,1959 H. exilis Gibson, MacKenzie & Cottle,1981 @ intestine of Mola mola ; metacercariae in Beroe @ Scomber scombrus ovata North Sea, Engl. Channel Varberg, Tovas Ungar, Hunnebostrand, Havstenssund, Rockall, Ireland, Britain, Atlantic Maccallozoum Ishii,1935 coast of France, Mediterranean Maclarenozoum Ishi,1935 Tetrochetus Looss,1912 = Paratetrochetus Hanson,1955 M. molae (Maclaren,1904) @ gills of Mola mola T. raynerii (Nardo,1833) Looss,1912, emend. Sweden, Roscoff, Mediterranean @ Luvaris imperialis = Distoma raynerium Nardo,1833 (™ - Venice) Metadidymocystis Yamaguti,1970 Bergen, Mediterrnean Metanematobothrioides Yamaguti,1965 T. coryphaenae Yamaguti,1934 @ Coryphaena Metanematobothrium Yamaguti,1938 S Atlantic Monilicaecum Yamaguti,1942 Paraccacladiinae Bray & Gibson,1977 Nematobibothrioides Noble,1974 Paraccacladium Bray & Gibson,1977 N. histoidii Noble,1974 P. jamiesoni Bray & Gibson,1977 (™ - off W @ an up to at least 12.2 m (sic!) long worm in Britain) muscles of Mola mola @ Coryphaenoides rupestris ; immature forms of Sweden the genus, probably conspecific with this species, in Alepocephalus bairdii, Schedophilus medusophagus, Nematobothrium van Beneden,1858 Centrolophus niger & Xenodermichthys copei off W Britain, NW Atlantic N. filarina van Beneden,1858 @ gills of Sciaenidae Didymozooidea Monticelli,1888 France, Belgium @ fishes; larvae in e.g. goose barnacles, marine copepods, medusae, chaetognathes & N. benedeni (Monticelli,1893) fishes @ gills of Mola mola Mediterranean Didymozoidae Monticelli,1888 * Yip,1984 found an unidentified larvae of this Neolamprididymozoon Wierzbicka,1980 family in Pleurobrachia pileus at Ireland * Larvae of unidentified Didymozoids have also Neometadidymozoon Yamaguti,1971 been found in several Cephalopods, e.g. in Atlantic Illex coindeti & I. illecebrocus, Ommastrephes Neometanematobothrioides Yamaguti,1970 bartrami , Todarodes sagittatus & Todaropsis eblanae Neonematobothrioides Yamaguti,1970

Allonematobothrium Yamaguti,1965 Ovarionematobothrium Yamaguti,1970

Epithelionematobothrium Yamaguti,1970 Paragonapodasmius Yamaguti,1938

Gonapodasmius Ishii,1935 Procerozoum Kamegai,1971 Torticaecum Yamaguti,1942 Gonapodasmius pacificus Yamaguti,1938)

Unitubulotestis Yamaguti,1953 Koellikerioides Yamaguti,1970

U. sardae (G.A. & W.G. MacCallum,1916) Wedlia Cobbold,1860 = Nemathobothrium sardae : Auctt. @ in orange cysts among gill lobes in Sarda sarda Koellikeriinae Ishii,1935 North Sea Koellikeria Cobbold,1860 Didymozoinae Poche,1907 K. filicollis (Rudolphi,1819) Cobbold 1860 Didymozoon Taschenberg,1879, sensu @ Brama brama Odhner,1907 British Isles

D. scombri Taschenberg,1879 Nephrodidymotrematinae Yamaguti,1970 @ in cysts in the pharynx roof of Scomber Bohuslän, British Isles, Mediterranean ECHINOSTOMIDA ?,1???

D. faciale Baylis,1938 ECHINOSTOMATA Faust,1929 @ in cysts in the skin behind the eye of Scomber Bohuslän, British Isles Echinostomatoidea Looss,1902 @ birds & mammals; larvae in molluscs, D. taenioides Monticelli,1888 crustaceans, fishes & amphibians @ muscles of Mola mola Belgium, Mediterranean Echinostomatidae Looss,1902

D. tenuicolle (Rudolphi,1819) Acanthoparyphium Dietz,1909 @ Lampris guttatus Sweden, North Sea Echinostoma Rudolphi,1809

Didymocystis Ariola,1902 E. acanthoides (Rudolphi,1819) Cobbold,1860 = Distoma acanthoides Rudolphi,1819 D. margolisi Kamegai & Araki,1995 @ intestine of Phoca vitulina @ Katsuwonus pelamis Berlin Zoo Japan Mesorchis Dietz,1909 Lobatozoum Ishii,1935 = Lobatocystis Yamaguti,1965 M. denticulatus (Rudolphi,1802) Dietz,1909 = Kamegaia Yamaguti,1970 = Fasciola denticulata Rudolphi,1802 = Yamaguticystis Nicolaeva & Dubina,1978 @ Sterna hirundo, Alca torda, Cavia arctica, Larus marinus & Larus larus ; snails are 1:rst Glomeritrematinae ?,1??? intermediate hosts and fishes 2:nd intermediate hosts S Baltic Indoglomeritrema Madhavi & Hanumantha- Rao,1983 (™ I. epinepheli Madhavi & Himasthla Dietz,1909 Hanumantha-Rao,1983 @ Epinephelus tauvina - Bay of Bengal) H. leptosoma Creplin,1829 @ sea birds; intermediate host: Abra tenuis, Didymodiclinidae Pozdnyakov,1993 Arenicola marina , Phascolosoma vulgare & Leptosynapta spp. Coeliotrema Yamaguti,1938 British Isles, France

Didymodiclinus Pozdnyakov,1993 (™ H. elongata (Mehlis,1831) = Cercaria proxima Lebour,1905 Parorchis Nicoll,1907 = Echinostomum secundum Nicoll,1906 @ gulls & eider ducks; rediae & cercaria in P. acanthus (Nicoll,1906) Littorina spp.; metacercaria in bivalves, e.g. = Zeugorchis acanthus Nicoll,1906 Mytilus edulis and Cerastoderma spp., to some = Cercaria purpurae Lebour,1907 extent, polychaetes @ sea birds (Larus spp.); cercariae in e.g. Nucella * this species is thougt to be able of depleting cockle lapillus & Urosalpinx cinerea ; populations in the North Sea area, where definitive intermediate hosts e.g.: Mytilus & hosts Cerastoderma are very common British Isles, North America Kattegatt, Bohuslän (e.g. Tjärnö area), S. North Sea P. avitus Linton 1914 H. interrupta Loos-Frank,1967 @ sea birds; intermediate hosts e.g.: Urosalpinx & @ gulls; rediae & cercariae in Hydrobia spp.; Nucella metacercariae in bivalves, e.g. Mytilus edulis ? Baltic, Belt Sea, Wadden Sea Psilostomatidae Odhner,1911, emend. Nicoll,1935 H. continua Loos-Frank,1967 @ gulls; rediae & cercariae in Hydrobia spp.; Psilostomum Looss,1899 metacercariae in bivalves, e.g. Mytilus edulis Baltic, Belt Sea, Wadden Sea P. brevicolle (Creplin,1829) = P. platyurum (Mühling,1896) H. militaris (Rudolphi,1809) = Cercaria mytili Lebour,1912 @ cercariae in Hydrobia ventrosa ; metacercariae in @ ducks & oystercatcher; cercariae in Hydrobia Hediste diversicolor ulvae ; metacercariae inCerastoderma N. Europe, Mediterranean spp. & Mytilus edulis S. Baltic, Belt Sea, S. North Sea, British Isles H. avosettae ??,19?? @ only known from adult in bird Psilochasmus Lühe,1909 N. Europe P. oxyurus (Creplin,1825 H. littorinaeobtusatae (Ledbour,1912) @ ducks; cercariae & metacercariae in Littorina @ rediae & cercariae in Littorina obtusata spp. British Isles, Barents Sea S Baltic, British Isles

H. himasthla spec. I (Loos-Frank,1967) P. aglyptorchis Loos-Frank,1968 @ rediae & cercariae in Hydrobia ulvae @ cercariae & metacercariae in ?Hydrobia N. Europe ?North Sea

H. himasthla spec. II (Loos-Frank,1967) Philophthalmidae Looss,1899 @ rediae & cercariae in Hydrobia ulvae N. Europe Echinostephilla Lebour,1909

H. littorinae Rees,1936 E. patellae (Lebour,1911) Kollien,1996 @ Cercariae in Littorina littorea, L. obtusata & L. = Cercaria patellae Lebour,1911 saxatilis ; metacercariae may develop in @ Haematopus ostralegus; cercariae in digestive the periwinkles, but normally in bivalves gland of Patella spp, Acanthodoris and Aplysia Wales, Woods Hole British Isles, e.g. St Andrews

H. sp. Podlipajev,1979 Haploporoidea Nicoll,1914 @ Littorina saxatilis @ intestine of fishes; cercariae in prosobranchs N Norway, Murmansk Haploporidae Nicoll,1914 Haploporus Looss,1902 Parapronocephaloidea Skrjabin,1955

H. benedenii (Stossich,1887) Parapronocephalidae Skrjabin,1955 @ Mugil labrosus British Isles Raogaster Groschaft & Tenora,1981 (™ Adenogaster indica Rao,1975) Saccocoelium Looss,1902 Parapronocephalinae Skrjabin,1955 S. obesum Looss,1902 @ Mugil spp. Parapronocephalum ??,19?? British Isles, Mediterranean P. symmetricum Belopolskaia,1952 Lecithobotrys Looss,1902 @ Littorina saxatilis tenebrosa var. similis Wales L. putrescens Looss,1902 @ Mugil auratus Notocotyloidea Lühe,1909 Mediterranean Notocotylidae Lühe,1909 Dicrogaster Looss,1902 @ birds & mammals; cercariae in pulmonates or prosobranchs D. perpusilla Looss,1902 @ Mugil labrosus Catatropis Odhner,1905 Mediterranean C. lagunae Bayssade-Dufour, Albaret, Fermet- Haplosplanchnidae Poche,1926 Quinet & Farhati,1996 @ Anatidae; larvae in Hydrobia ulvae Haplosplanchnus Looss,1902 Biscay

H. pachysoma (Eysenhardt,1829) Ogmogaster Jägerskiöld,1891 @ Mugil spp. Mediterranean O. plicatus (Creplin,1829) Jägerskiöld,1891 = Monostomum plicatum Creplin,1829 Neohaplosplanchnus Lu,1995 (™ N. cirrusaci @ Balaenoptera spp. Lu,1995 @ Engraulis japonica - China) off Norway, Sea of Okhotsk

Elonginurinae Lu,1995 O. antarticus Johnston,1931 @ Balaenoptera physalus Elonginurus Lu,1995 (™ E. mugilus Lu,1995 @ * Should the spelling not be antarcticus? Mugil cephalus - China) Spain

Fascioloidea Railliet,1895 Notocotyloides ?Dollfus,1966? @ mammals; cercariae in gastropods N. petasatum (Deslongchamps,1824) Fasciolidae Railliet,1895 @ “Littorina littoralis “ France (St. Vaast-la Hougue) Fasciola Linnaeus,1758 Notocotylus Diesing,1839 F. skrjabini Delyamure,1955 @ Orcinus orca & Balaenoptera acutirostrata N. sp. Podlipajev,1979 Europe @ cercaria in Littorina spp. N Norway PARAMPHISTOMATA Szidat,1936 Paramonostomum Lühe, 1909 Mediterranean = Hofmonostomum Harwood, 1939 M. brachycoelia Lühe,1910 P. chabaudi Van Strydonck, 1965 @ Boops boops = Cercaria lebouri Stunkard,1932 Mediterranean @ Sea birds; 1:rst intermediate host is Littorina littorea (Linnaeus); none 2:.nd intermediate host Microscaphidiidae Looss,1900 Bohuslän (e.g. Tjärnö area), Sylt, Britain, France Microscaphidiinae Looss,1900, emend. Blair,1986 P. alveatum (Mehlis, in Creplin,1846) @ Hydrobia ventrosa Angiodictyum Looss,1902 Baltic Microscaphidium Looss,1899 Pronocephalidae Looss,1899 @ intestine, urinary bladder or stomach of turtles or Parangiodictyum Muherjee,1993 (™ P. satyabrati rarely fishes or marine iguanids Muherjee,1993 @ Chelone mydas - Bay of Bengal)

Pronocephalus Looss,1899 Polyangium Loos,1902 @ marine turtles Polygorgyra Blair,1986 (™ P. cholados Blair,1986 Diaschistorchis Johnston,1913 @ Chelonia mydas - Queensland) @ marine turtles Octangiinae Pleurogonius Looss,1901 * revised by Blair 1987 @ marine turtles Neoctangium Ruiz,1941 Medioporus Oguro,1936 @ marine turtles Octangium Looss,1902

Pyelosomum Looss,1899 Opisthotrematoidea Poche,1926 @ marine turtles Opisthotrematidae Poche,1926 P. renocapite (Leidy,1856) @ respiratory system, esophagus & stomach of @ Dermochelys coriacea marine mammals Europe Nudacotylidae Barker,1916 Cricocephalinae Groschaft & Tenora,1981 PLAGIORCHIIDA ?,19?? Cricocephalus Looss,1899 @ marine turtles PLAGIORCHIATA La Rue,1957

Taprobanellinae Yamaguti,1958 Plagiorchioidea Lühe,1901

Rhabdiopoeidae Poche,1925 Plagiorchiidae Lühe,1901 @ intestine & stomach of marine mammals @ all kinds of vertebrates, including marine turtles

Mesometridae Poche,1926 Styphlotrema Odhner,1911 @ intestine of marine fishes; cercariae in snails Haematoloechidae Freitas & Lent,1939 Mesometra Lühe,1901 @ ?non marine hosts

M. orbicularis (Rudolphi,1819) Macroderoididae McMullen,1937 @ Boops boops @ non marine hosts @ frogs & toads Brachycoeliidae ?,1??? Encyclometridae ?,1??? Cymatocarpus Loos,1899 @ intestine of snakes

C. undulatus ?Linton,1910? Cephaloporidae ?,19?? @ Caretta caretta @ ovary of marine teleosts Mediterranean, Gulf of Mexico Cephaloporus Yamaguti,1934 Orchidasma Looss,1900 = Anadasmus Looss,1899, non Walsingham,1897 Plectognathotrema Layman,1930 (Lepidoptera) Alloplectognathotrema ?,19?? O. amphiorchis ??,18?? @ Chelonia mydas & Caretta caretta Plectognathotrematoides ?,19?? Britain, Mediterranean, Florida Ochetosomatoidea Leao,1945 Mesocoeliidae ?,1??? @ amphibians & reptiles, esp. snakes @ non marine hosts Prosthogonimoidea Lühe,1909 Cephalogonimidae Nicoll,1914 (or 1915?) @ birds & mammals @ non marine hosts Dicrocoelioidea Odhner,1911 Auridistomatidae ?,1??? @ reptiles, birds & mammals @ non marine hosts Renicoloidea Dollfus,1929 (or 1939?) Calycodidae ?,19?? @ kidneys & ureters of birds; different kinds of cercariae in bivalves or fishes; all types of Calycodes Looss,1901 cercariae develop in sporocysts in marine prosobranchs C. anthos ??,1??? @ Caretta caretta, Dermochelys coriacea Renicolidae Dollfus,1929 (or 1939?) off SW Ireland, Mediterranean Nephromonorcha Leonov,1958 Pachypsolidae ?,1??? = Neorenicola Odening,1962 @ marine turtles @ piscivorous avian hosts

Pachypsolus Looss,1901 Renicola Cohn,1904 * only genus in family. R. roscovita (Stunkard,1932) Rhytidodidae ?,1??? @ kidneys of gulls & eider ducks; rediae & @ intestine of marine turtles cercariae in Littorina littorea ; metacercariae * 2 genera. usually in bivalves, e.g. Mytilus, Cerastoderma & Mya Rhytidodes Loos,1901 S. Baltic, Kattegatt, Bohuslän (e.g. Tjärnö area), S. North Sea, Roscoff Rhytidodoides Price,1939 R. parvicaudata (Stunkard& Shaw,1931) R. similis ?Price,1939? @ rediae & cercariae in Littorina spp. @ gall bladder of Chelonia mydas * Is this identical to Cercaria parvicaudata : ? Pondick,1986 infesting Nucella lapillus in New England? Omphalometridae ?,1??? Roscoff @ e.g. Labrus berggylta & Blennius ocellaris R. thaidus (Stunkard,1932) ? @ Larus argentatus ; cercariae in Nucella spp.; metacercariae in Mytilus edulis & D. vividum (Nicoll,1912) Bray & Gibson,1986 Pectinidae. = Zoonogenus vividus Nicoll,1912 Roscoff, Iceland, North America = Zoogonides vividum (Nicoll,1912) @ Pagellus bogaraveo R. glacialis Riley & Wynne Owen,1972 British Isles @ Fulmaris glacialis North Sea Koiea Bray & Campbell,1995 (™ K. notacanthi Bray & Campbell,1995 @ Notacanthus chemnitzi R. sp. - deep W Atlantic) @ xiphidiocercariae in Buccinum undatum Öresund Overstreetia Bray,1985 (™ O. sodwanaensis Bray,1985 @ Pranesus pinguis - Natal) “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 Pseudozoogonoides Zhukov,1957 C. littorinaesaxatilis Sannia & James,1977 @ xiphidiocercariae in Littorina saxatilis tenebrosa P. subaequiporus (Odhner,1911) Iceland = Zoogonoides subaequiporus Odhner,1911 @ ? “Metacercaria “ ?

M. nucellaelapillus Sannia & James,1977 Zoogonoides Odhner,1902 @ encysted metacercariae in Nucella lapillus Iceland Z. viviparus (Olsson,1868) Odhner,1902 = Cercaria capricosa Cuénot,1892 EUCOTYLATA ?,19?? ?= Cercaria limae Nicoll & Small,1909 * with single family Eucotylidae Skrjabin,1924 @ a variety of fish, e.g. Microstomus, Pleuronectes, @ kidneys & ureters of birds Pholis ; cercariae in Buccinum undatum ; metacercariae in Trochochaeta ZOOGONATA ?,1??? multisetosa, Psammechinus miliaris, at base of buccal tentacles in Zoogonoidea Odhner,1911 Leptosynapta spp. and chiefly between arm vertebrae or in gonads or coelom wall of Ophiura Zoogonidae Odhner,1911 spp. & @ fishes; cercariae in gastropods; metacercariae in Ophiothrix, or gastropods (e.g. Hinia incrassata, marine bivalves, freshwater Mangelia attenuata & Oenopota turricola ) & gastropods, turbellarians or annelids bivalves. Öresund, Sweden, N. France, British Isles, W. Diphterostomum Stossich,1904 Greenland = Zoonogenus Nicoll,1912 Zoogonus Looss,1901 D. betencourti (Monticelli,1893) @ Scyliorhinus stellaris Z. rubellus (Olsson,1868) Belgium, France @ Labrus spp., Anarhichas etc.; metacercariae in sea urchins, e.g. in muscles of Aristotelesʼ lantern of D. brusinae (Stossich,1888) Psammechinus miliaris = Diphterostomum macrosaccum Montgomery,1957 Sweden, British Isles = Diphterostomum anisotremi Nahhas & Cable,1964 Lecithostaphylus Odhner,1911 = Diphterostomum tropicum Durio & Manter,1968 = Diphterostomum israelense Fischthal,1980 L. retroflexus (Molin,1859) @ Belone bellone P. bridgeri Bray & Gibson,1986 ? @ Polyacanthonotus rissoanus Ireland Lepidophyllinae ?,19?? P. spinosus (Zubchenko,1978) Brachyenteron Manter,1934 = Antorchis spinosus Zubchenko,1978 @ ? B. campbelli Bray & Gibson,1986 NE Atlantic @ Polyacanthonotus rissoanus NE Atlantic Proctophantastes Odhner,1911

B. pycnorganum (Rees,1953) P. abyssorum Odhner,1911 (™) = Steganoderma pycnorganum Rees,1953 = Steganoderma abyssorum (Odhner,1911) @ Anarhichas lupus Manter,1947 NE Atlantic = Derotrema abyssorum : Price,1934 @ Coryphaenoides rupestris, Melanogrammus Deretrema Linton,1910 aeglefinus, Trachyrhynchus trachyrincus, Coelorinchus caelorhinchus & Lepidion eques D. pycnorganum (Rees,1953) Norway, Biscay = Yamagutia anarhichae Brinkmann,Jr, 1956 (™ of Prolateroporus Yamaguti,1971) P. gillissi (Overstreet & Pritchard,1977) @ gall bladder of Anarhichas minor @ ? Iceland NE Atlantic

D. (Luxitrema Bray,1987) (™ D. philippinensis Steganoderma Stafford,1904 Beverley-Burton & Early,1982) S. formosum Stafford,1904 (™) D. (Spinoderetrema Bray,1987) (™ D. plotosi @ Hippoglossus vulgaris Yamaguti,1940) ?

Lepidophyllum Odhner,1902 S. (Lecithostaphylus) retroflexum (Molin,1859) = S. (Lecithostaphylus) spondyliosomae L.appyi Bray & Gibson,1986 (Fantham,1938) @ Lycodes vahli @ ? Newfoundland NE Atlantic

L. steenstrupi Odhner,1902 Steganodermatoides Parukhin & Lyadov,1979 @ Anarhichas & Zoarces Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Iceland S. maceri Bray & Gibson,1986 @ Alepocephalus bairdii Limnoderetrema Bray,1987 (™ Deretrema Iceland minutum Manter,1954) Urinatrema Yamaguti,1934 Neosteganoderma Byrd,1964 Lissorchiidae Poche,1926 N. glandulosum Byrd,1964, emend. Bray,1973 @ intestine of freshwater fish (™) = Proctophantastes polymixiae Yamaguti,1970 Monorchioidea Odhner,1911 @ Beryx decadactylus, Polymixia lowei @ fishes; cercariae & metacercariae in bivalves Biscay, Florida Monorchiidae Odhner,1911 Panopula Overstreet & Pritchard,1977 Lasiotocus Looss,1907 Monorchis Looss,1902 C. ophicerca ?Palombi,1934? @ Tapes decussatus & Venerupis aurea M. monorchis (Stossich,1890) Mediterranean & Spanish Atlantic coast @ Blennius gattoruginae British Isles Neoopisthomonorchiinae Varma,1982

Opisthomonorcheides Parukhin,1966 Neoopisthomonorchis Varma,1982 (™ N. pristipomatis Varma,1982 @ Pristipoma furcatum Paratimonia ?Prévot & Bartoli,1967? - Arabian Sea)

P. gobii Prévot & Bartoli,1967 Octotestidae ?,1??? ?= Cercaria myocerca Villot,1879 @ coelom of freshwater & marine fish @ Pomatoschistus microps ; cercariae in Abra ovata * monogeneric family & ?A. tenuis ; metacercariae in Abra ovata & Cerastoderma glaucum Octotestis Yamaguti,1951 French Mediterranean & ?French Atlantic coast TROGLOTREMATA ?,19?? Ancylocoelium Nicoll,1912 @ mammals; cercariae in prosobranchs; metacercariae in crustaceans & fishes A. typicum Nicoll,1912 @ Trachurus Troglotrematoidea Odhner,1914 Scotland Troglotrematidae Odhner,1914 Asymphyllodora Looss,1899 Pholeter Odhner,1914 A. demeli Markowski,1935 @ Hediste diversicolor, Gobius niger & P. gastrophilus (Kossack,1910) Odhner,1914 Pomatoschistus spp.; cercariae in Hydrobia spp.; = Distomum gastrophilus Kossack,1910 metacercariae in Cerastoderma glaucum @ in cysts in mucous pyloric part of stomach in (common in Retusa obtusa from Öresund sensu Phocaena phocaena, Tursiops truncatus and other Køie,1992) whales Baltic, Belgium Baltic, Europe, Mediterranean

“Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 Paragonimidae Dollfus,1939 @ lungs of mammals (including Homo ) C. cerastodermae I Sannia & James,1977 = Cercaria lepidapedonrachion Lebour,1908, non Nanophyetidae ?,1??? Cobbold,1858 @ intestine of mammals (including Homo ) @ Cerastoderma edule & C. glaucum British Isles Collyriclidae ?,1??? @ skin of birds C. myocercoides Pelseneer,1906 @ Abra alba ALLOCREADIATA Skrjabin, Petrow & French Atlantic Koval,1958 @ fishes or (rarely) amphibians; cercariae in C. nigrotincta Pelseneer,1906 gastropods or Sphaeridae; metacercariae in @ Abra alba arthropods, turbellarians, annelids or molluscs French Atlantic Allocreadioidea Stossich,1904 C. longicaudata Bartoli,1966 @ Venus fasciata Allocreadiidae Stossich,1904 French Mediterranean Helicometra Odhner,1902 Lepocreadium Stossich,1904

H. fasciata (Rudolphi,1819) Odhner,1902 L. album (Stossich,1890) Stossich,1904 @ a diversity of bottom-living fish species, e.g. @ Blennius gattorugine, Oblata melanura & Labridae, Cottidae, Gaidropsarus Spondyliosoma cantharus; Hinia spp.,Aplysia British Isles, Biscay punctata (2:nd larvae); Tapes decussatus, Venerupis aureus & Phyllirhoe bucephala H. pulchella (Rudolphi,1819) (3:rd larvae) @ e.g. Triglidae & Labrideae Gulf of Naples Plymouth, Mediterranean Neopechona ?,19?? Neophasis Stafford,1904 Opechona Looss,1907, emend. Bray & N. lageniformis (Lebour,1910) Gibson,1990 @ Anarhichas lupus ; rediae & cercariae in = Pharyngora Lebour,1908 (™ P. retractilis Buccinum undatum ; no 2:nd intermediate host Lebour,1908 - Britain) Öresund, Northumberland O. bacillaris (Molin,1859) Looss,1907 Crepidostomum Braun,1900 = Distomum bacillare Molin,1859 (™ - Adriatic) = Distomum increscens Olsson,1868 C. farionis (Müller,1784) = Neopechona olssoni (Yamaguti,1934) @ e.g. Salmo trutta = Lepidapedon elogatum Chernyshenko,1949 Sweden, British Isles, Finland, France etc. = Leptocreadium guptai Gupta & Gupta,1987 @ Scomber , Capros aper, Spinachia, Merlangius, C. metoecus Braun,1900 Clupea & Cyclopterus ; rediae & cercariae in Hinia @ Trutta trutta , Salmo gairdneri pygmaea ; metacercariae Baltic in Pleurobrachia pileus, Sagitta elegans, Sagitta setosa, Tomopteris & small medusae Batrachotrematidae Dollfus & Williams,1966 S. Baltic, Öresund, Kattegatt, North Sea, British @ intestine of amphibians Isles, Ireland, Portugal, Adriatic

Lepocreadioidea Odhner,1905 = Opechona retractilis (Lebour,1908) Loos,1907 @ fishes; cercariae in prosobranchs; metacerc. in = Pharyngora retractilis Lebour,1908 molluscs, annelids or freeliving flatworms @ Merlangius merlangus ; metacercariae in Pleurobrachia pileus Lepocreadiidae Odhner,1905 British Isles

Aephnidiogenes Nicoll,1915 Prodistomum Linton,1910 emend. Bray & Gibson,1990 Cephalolepidapedon ?,19?? = Acanthocolpoides Travassos, Freitas & Buhrnheim,1965 Proenenterum Manter,1954 P. polonii (Molin,1859) Bray & Gibson,1990 Transversocreadium Hafeezullah,1970 @ Trachurus trachurus NE Atlantic, Mediterranean Lepocreadiinae Odhner,1905 Acanthogaleinae ?,19??, emend. Bray,1985 Dihaemistephanus Looss,1901 Acanthogalea ?,19?? D. lydiae (Stossich,1896) Looss,1901 @ Mola mola Clavogalea Bray,1985 (™ C. gaevskayae Scotland, Yorkshire, Engl. Channel, Biscay Bray,1985 @ Trachinotus botla - Natal) Diploproctodaeinae Ozaki,1928 @ Coryphaenoides armatus NE Atlantic Bianium Stunkard,1930 = Anterovitellosum Gupta,1967 L. elongatum (Lebour,1908) Nicoll,1910 = L. coelorhynchi Yamaguti,1938 Diplocreadium Park,1939, emend. Bray, Cribb & @ Gadus morhua Barker,1996 British Isles

Diploporus Ozaki,1928 L. gaevskayae Campbell & Bray,1993 @ Coryphaenoides armatus Diploprocta Mamaev,1970, emend. Bray, Cribb & NE Atlantic Barker,1996 L. guevarai Lopez-Roman & Maillard,1973 Diploproctodaeoides Reimer,1981, emend. Bray, @ Phycis blennoides Cribb & Barker,1996 NE Atlantic

Diploproctodaeum La Rue,1926, emend. Bray, L. mariannae Bray & Gibson,1995 Cribb & Barker,1996 @ Gaidropsarus argentatus = Caecobiporum Mamaev,1970 NE Atlantic

Lepidapedinae Yamaguti,1958 L. rachion (Cobbold,1858) Stafford,1904 = Distomum rachion Cobbold,1858 Gibsonia Gaevskaya & Rodyuk,1988 = Lepodora rachiaea : Odhner,1905 @ Gadus morhua, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, G. borealis Campbell,1992 Merlangius merlangus, Pollachius spp., @ Macrourus berglax Gymnacanthus tricuspis, Aspitrigla cuculus Newfoundland British Isles, Biscay

Holorchis Stossich,1901 L. sommervillae Bray & Gibson,1995 @ Coryphaenoides guentheri, Trachyrincus H. pycnoporus Stossich,1901 (™ - Adriatic) murrayi, Trachyrincus scabrus @ Mullus surmuletus NE Atlantic NE Atlantic, Mediterranean L. zubchenkoi Campbell & Bray,1993 Lepidapedon Stafford,1904 @ Coryphaenoides profundicolus & C. leptolepis NE Atlantic L. arlenae Bray & Gibson,1995 @ Trachyrincus murrayi & T. scabrus Neolepidapedon Manter,1954 NE Atlantic N. smithi Bray & Gibson,1989 L. beveridgei Campbell & Bray,1993 @ Mora moro @ Coryphaenoides mediterraneus & C. armatus NE Atlantic NE Atlantic Paralepidapedon Shimazi & Shimura,1984 (™ L. cambrensis Srivastava,1966 Lepidapedon leptognathi Yamaguti,1938) @ Ciliata mustela & Enchelyopus cimbrius NE Atlantic P. williamsi Bray & Gibson,1988 @ Cottunculus microps & unidentified Cottoidei L. desclersae Bray & Gibson,1995 Scotland @ Lepidon eques NE Atlantic Postlepidapedon Zdzitowiecki,1993 (™ Neolepidapedon opisthobifurcatus L. discoveryi Bray & Gibson,1995 Zdzitowiecki,1990 - Antarctic) Profundivermis Bray & Gibson,1991 Opecoelinae Ozaki,1925

P. intercalarius Bray & Gibson,1991 (™) Allodecemtestis ?,19?? @ Coryphaenoides (Nematonurus) armatus Porcupine abyssal plain Anomalotrema Zhukov,1957

Homalometridae Cable & Hunninen,1942 A. koiae Gibson & Bray,1984 @ intestine of marine & freshwater fishes @ Rhinonemus cimbrius & Sebastes spp. Denmark, Scotland, Faeroes, Canada Homalometron Stafford,1904 Bathycreadium Kabata,1961 Deropristiidae Cable & Hunninen,1942 B. biscayense Bray,1973 Deropristis Odhner,1902 @ Trachyrhynchus trachyrincus & Coelorinchus caelorhinchus D. hispidum (Abildgaard, in Rudolphi,1819) Biscay @ Acipenser Belgium, Mediterranean B. elongata (Maillard,1970) Bray,1973 = Nicolla elongata Maillard,1970 D. inflatum (Molin,1859) @ Onos tricirratus @ Anguilla.; cercaria in Bittium ; metacercaria in Gulf of Lion Neanthes virens. Swedish Baltic, Bergen, Mediterranean Cainocreadium Nicoll,1909

Pleorchiidae Poche,1926 C. labracis (Dujardin,1845) @ intestine of marine fishes @ Dicentrarchus labrax * Monogeneric family. British Isles, Iberian Atlantic, Mediterranean

Pleorchis Railliet,1896 Caudotestis Issaitschikov,1928 = Polyorchis Stossich,1888, non A. Agassiz, in L. Agassiz,1862 (Coelenterata) Decemtestis Yamaguti,1934

Maseniidae Yamaguti,1954 Discoverytrema ?Gibson,1976? @ intestine of freshwater fishes Distomum Nitzsch,1817 Gorgocephalidae Manter,1966 = Distoma Retzius,1786 @ intestine of marine teleosts * monotypic family Fairfaxia Cribb,1989 (™ F. lethrini Cribb,1989 @ Lethrinus chrysostomus - Great Barrier Reef) Gorgocephalus Manter,1966 (™ Gorgocephalus kyphosi Manter,1966 - S Australia) Gaevskajatrema Gibson & Bray,1982 (™ Peracreadium perezi Mathias,1926) OPECOELATEA Brooks, Bandoni, Macdonald & OʼGrady,1989 Hamacreadium Linton,1910 @ fishes, amphibians & turtles; cercariae in prosobranchs or bivalves; metacercariae in Neochoanostoma Bray & Cribb,1989 (™ N. aquatic arthropods or fishes avidabira Bray & Cribb,1989 @ Gymnocranius bitorquatus - Queensland) Opecoeloidea Ozaki,1925 Neolebouria Gibson,1976, emend. Gibson & Opecoelidae Ozaki,1925 Bray,1982 @ fishes; cercariae in prosobranchs Orthodena Durio & Manter,1968 Pycnadenoides Yamaguti,1938 * Moved to this family by Bray & Cribb 1989 Spinoplagioporus Skrjabin & Koval,1958 Pachycreadium Manter,1954 Tellervotrema Gibson & Bray,1982 Peracreadium Nicoll,1909 = Lebouria Nicoll,1909 T. armstrongi Gibson & Bray,1982 (™) @ Nezumia aequalis P. genu (Rudolphi,1819) Scotland @ Labridae British Isles, Sweden? Trematichtys Vaz,1932

P. commune (Olsson,1868) Plagioporinae Manter,1947 @ Labridae British Isles, Sweden Macvicaria Gibson & Bray,1982

Podocotyle Dujardin,1844 M. alacris (Looss,1901) = Plagioporus alacris (Looss,1901) (™) P. angulatum (Dujardin,1845) @ Labridae = Distoma angulatum Dujardin,1845 (™) British Isles = Podocotyle staffordi Miller,1941 @ ? M. soleae (Dujardin,1845) Gibson & Bray,1982 ? = Distoma (Brachylaimus) soleae Dujardin,1845 = Plagioporus varius (Nicoll,1910) P. atherinae sp. inq. Nicoll,1914 @ Solea, Zeus, Labridae, Pleuronectidae @ Atherina British Isles Plymouth Pellamyzon Montgomery,1957 P. syngnathi Nicoll,1913 @ Syngnathidae Plagioporus Stafford,1904 British Isles P. idoneus (Nicoll,1909) P. atomon (Rudolphi,1802) Odhner,1905 @ Anarhichas @ intestine of a variety of fish, most often in British Isles Myoxocephalus ; cercaria in Littorina spp. & Lacuna spp.; P. tumidulus (Rudolphi,1819) metacercariae in Amphipoda (e.g. Gammarus @ Syngnathidae spp.), Idothea & Mysidae Europe (not British Isles) S. Baltic, Sweden (e.g. Tjärnö area), S. North Sea, British Isles, Iceland, N Norway, Greenland P. nicolli (Issaitscikow,1928) @ Icelus bicornis P. reflexa (Creplin,1825) Odhner,1905 Arctic Europe = P. olssoni Odhner,1905 @ e.g. Gadus & Cyclopterus ; cercaria (Cercaria Opecoelininae Gibson & Bray,1984 buccini Lebour,1911) in Buccinum & Nepunea ; metacercariae in shrimps, e.g. Crangon Opecoelina Manter,1934 allmani Öresund, Sweden, Helgoland, British Isles Stenakrinae Yamaguti,1970

Podocotyloides Yamaguti,1934 Pseudolepidapedinae Yamaguti,1971

Propycnadenoides Fischthal & Kuntz,1964 Enenteridae Yamaguti,1958 * Correct superfamily? Microphalloidea Ward,1901 Enenterinae Yamaguti,1958 @ birds & mammals; cercariae in prosobranchs; metacercariae in arthropods Cadenatellinae Gibson & Bray,1982 Microphallidae Ward,1901 Cadenatella Dollfus,1946 * ..Tallmark & Norrgren,1976 found an unidentified Microphallidae in Hinia reticulata from Jeancadenatia Dollfus,1946 the Gullmar fjord.

Pseudozakia Machida & Araki,1977 Microphallus Ward,1901

Sphincteristomum Oshmarin, Mamaev & M. similis (Jägerskiöld,1900) Parukhin,1961 = Cercaria ubiquitoides ??,19?? ?= Cercaria carcini Lebour,1908 Sphincterostoma Yamaguti,1966 @ gulls & eider ducks; redia & cercaria in Littorina saxatilis, L. obtusata & Melaraphe neritoides ; Opistholebetidae metacercariae in Carcinus maenas @ intestine of marine fishes, esp. in puffers. Sweden (e.g. Tjärnö area), Wadden Sea, Roscoff, British Isles, N Norway Pseudopycnadena Saad-Fares & Maillard,1986 (™ P. fischthali Saad-Fares & Maillard,1986 @ M. claviformis (Brandes,1888) Diplodus spp. - Lebanon) = Cercaria corophii Lebour,1908 @ a wide variety of crustacean-eating shore birds; Gorgoderoidea Looss,1901 cercariae in Hydrobia spp.; @ poikilothermic vertebrates; cercariae in bivalves metacercariae in cirripeds, isopods & amphipods, e.g. Corophium volutator Gorgoderidae Looss,1901 S Baltic, Wadden Sea, British Isles

Anaporrhutum Ofenheim,1900 M. pygmaeus (Levinsen,1881) @ e.g. gulls & eider-ducks; redia & cercaria in A. torpedoensis Khan & Begum,1991 Littorina littorea , L. mariae, L. obtusata & L. @ Torpedo marmorata saxatilis tenebrosa; lacking 2:nd intermediate Pakistan hosts S. Baltic, Kattegatt, Bohuslän (Tjärnö area), German Phyllodistomum Braun,1899 North Sea coast, British Isles, Iceland, N Norway

P. folium (von Olfers,1817) M. bitti Prevot,1972 @ Gasterosteus aculeatus @ Larus argentatus michaellis Naumann; cercariae Sweden, British Isles, Germany in Bittium reticulatum ; metacercariae in Carcinus maenas Callodistomatidae French Mediterranean @ liver, gall bladder, bile ducts & upper intestine of freshwater & marine fishes. M. orientalis Yurakhno,1968 @ intestine of Odobenus rosmarus & Erignathus Pirupalkia Puga & Figueroa,1989 (™ P. barbatus queulensis Puga & Figueroa,1989 @ Cilus montti Barents Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea -Chile) M. pseudopygmaeus Galaktionov,1980 Teratotrema Travassos, Artigas & Pereira,1928 @ Somateria mollissima ; cercaria in Littorina spp. N Norway Braunotrematidae @ intestine of turtles M. piriformes Galaktionov,1983 = M. pygmaeus : (Odhner,1905), non (Levinsen,1881) 1:st intermediate host are Hydrobia -species, 2:nd @ Somateria mollissima ; cercaria in Littorina spp.; intermediate hosts are crustaceans, e.g. Corophium lacking 2:nd intermediate hosts volutator Bohuslän (Tjärnö area), N Norway S Baltic

M. primas (Jägerskjöld,1908) L. propinqua Jägerskiöld,1907 @ stomach & intestine of Pomatoschistus minutus @ Haematopus ostralegus & Charadrius hiaticula ; Netherlands intermediate hosts e.g. Gammarus Baltic M. papillorobustum ?,1??? @ birds, intermediate hosts : Hydrobia stagnalis, “Metacercaria “ Gammarus locusta, Idothea chelipes, Sphaeroma rugicauda & Sphaeroma hookeri M. margaritaegroenlandicus I Sannia & * Is this identical to Spelotrema papillorobustum James,1977 Rebecq,1964? @ sporocysts & metacercariae in Margarites S Baltic groenlandicus Iceland Maritrema Nicoll,1907 Lecithodendriidae Odhner,1910 M. subdolum (Jägerskiöld,1908) @ bats, (birds, fishes & amphibians) = Cercaria ubiquita Lebour,1907 @ crustacean-eating shore birds, like waders, eider- Pleurogenes Looss,1896 ducks & gulls; cercariae in Hydrobia spp.; metacercariae in different amphipods (e.g. Eumegacetidae Travassos,1922 Corophium volutator, Gammarus ), isopods, @ rectum or cloaca of birds cirripedes & Carcinus maenas, but also in Pholis gunellus Pleurogenidae Looss,1899 Baltic Sea, Kattegatt, Wadden Sea, British Isles, @ amphibians & reptiles Mediterranean Allassogonoporidae Skarbilovich,1947 M. arenaria Hadlie & Castle,1940 @ intestine of mammals, primarily bats ?= M. gratiosum Nicoll,1907 = Cercaria littorinae saxatilis V Stomylotrematidae Poche,1926 @ intestines of marine wading birds; cercariae in = Srivastavatrematidae Sing,1962 Littorina saxatilis ; metacercariae @ large intestine & cloaca of birds in Semibalanus balanoides Ireland Laterotrematinae Yamaguti,1958

M. misenensis A. Palombi,1940 Anenterotrematidae ?,1??? @ Larus argentatus michaellis Naumann; cercariae @ intestine of bats in Cerithium vulgatum & C. rupestris ; metacercariae in amphipods, e.g. Orchestia spp.. Cortrematidae Yamaguti,1958 French Mediterranean @ birds

Levinseniella Stiles & Hassall, in Ward,1901 OPISTHORCHIIDA = Levinsenia Stossich,1899, non Mésnil,1897 @ cercariae in prosobranchs; metacercariae in fishes (Polychaeta) OPISTHORCHIATA L. brachysoma (Creplin,1837) Stiles & Hassall,1902 Opisthorchioidea Lühe,1901 = Distoma brachysomum Creplin,1837 = Levinsenia brachysomum : Stossich,1899 Opisthorchiidae Lühe,1901 @ Oystercatchers, ducks & other Charadriiformes; @ vertebrates (adults) @ sea birds; intermediate hosts e.g. Cancer & Opisthorchis Blanchard,1895 Carcinus, Hydrobia ulvae & Littorina littoralis Sweden, Scotland O. tenuicollis (Rudolphi,1819) Stiles & Hassall,1896 S. papillorobustum Rebecq,1964 = Distoma tenuicollis Rudolphi,1819 @ intermediate hosts e.g. Gammarus @ bile ducts of e.g. Phocaena phocaena, Erignathus Baltic barbatus & Halichoerus grypus Europe, Arctic Ocean Phocitrema Goto & Ozaki,1930

Pseudamphistomum Lühe,1909 P. fusiforme Goto & Ozaki,1930 @ Phoca hispida, Callorhinus ursinus, Erignathus P. truncatum (Rudolphi,1819) Lühe,1909 barbatus, Eumetopias jubatus & Phoca largha @ bile ducts of Halichoerus grypus, Phoca hispida, Arctic, N Pacific Pagophilus groenlandicus & Phoca vitulina Europe, Greenland Pricetrema Ciurea,1933

Metorchis Looss,1899 P. zalophi (Price,1932) = Apophallus zalophi Price,1932 M. albidus (Braun,1893) Lühe,1899 @ Callorhinus ursinus, Zalophus californianus, @ bile ducts of e.g. Halichoerus grypus & Eumetopias jubatus & Mirounga angustirostris Erignathus barbatus W North America Europe P. erignathi Yurakhno,1969 Heterophyidae (Leiper,1909) Odhner,1914 @ Erignathus barbatus @ birds & mammals (adults); 1:rst intermediate host ? : gastropods; 2:nd intermediate hosts : fishes P. phocae Shults,1978 Galactosomum Looss,1899 @ Phoca vitulina = Microlistrum Braun,1909 North Pacific

G. lacteum (Jägerskiöld,1896) P. eumetopii Shults,1978 @ Phalacrocorax carbo; larvae in Cottidae @ Eumetopias jubatus Britain (Wembury Bay) North Pacific

G. erinaceum (Poirier,1886) Bittner & Sprehn,1928 Cryptocotyle Lühe,1899 = Distomum erinaceum Poirier,1886 = Tocotrema Looss,1899 @ Delphinus delphis ; larvae in Cottidae = Dermocystis Stafford,1905 Europe C. lingua (Creplin,1825) Levinseniella Stiles & Hassall, in Ward,1901 = Distomum lingua Creplin,1825 = Levinsenia Stossich,1899, non Mésnil,1897 @ e.g. Phoca & sea birds; supplementary hosts: e.g. (Polychaeta) Gobidae, Gadidae & Pleuronectidae; intermediate hosts: e.g. Littorina & Hydrobia L. propinqua Jägerskiöld,1907 S. Baltic, Sweden (e.g. Tjärnö area), North Sea, @ Haematopus ostralegus & Charadrius hiaticula ; North Atlantic intermediate hosts e.g. Gammarus Baltic C. concavum (Creplin,1825) @ gulls, grey heron; cercariae in Hydrobia ulvae & Spelotrema Jägerskiöld,1901 H. ventrosa ; metacercariae in teleosts S. Baltic, North Sea S. excellens Nicoll,1901 = S. feriatum Nicoll,1907 C. jejuna (Nicoll,1907) @ redshank, Larus ridibundus, cormorant; cercariae in Hydrobia ulvae & H. ventrosa Neoparacryptogonimus Hafeezullah,1975 (™ Denmark Paracryptogonimus ovatus (Yamaguti,1952))

Apophallus Lühe,1909 (™ A. muehlingi - in sea Paracryptogonimus Yamaguti,1934 birds) = Rossicotrema Skrjabin & Lindtrop,1919 Acanthostomatidae Poche,1926 = Cotylophallus Ransom,1920 @ fishes & (rarely) reptiles (adults)

A. donicus (Skrjabin & Lindtrop,1919) Price,1931 Acanthostomum Looss,1899 = Rossicotrema donicus Skrjabin & Lindtrop,1919 = Rossicotrema simile (Randsom,1920) Ciurea,1924 A. balthicum Reimer, Hildebrand, Scharberth & = Cotylophallus venustus Randsom,1920 Walter,1996 @ Phoca vitulina & dog, cat & fox @ Syngnathus typhle Europe, N America Baltic

Phagicola Faust,1920 A. imbutiforme (Molin,1859) @ Limanda limanda P. septentrionalis van den Broek,1967 S Baltic, Denmark @ Phoca vitulina Europe Ateuchocephalus Coil & Kuntz,1960

Haplorchinae Looss,1899 Atrophecaecum Bhalerao,1940

Cercarioides Witenberg,1929, emend. Pearson & Caimanicola Teixeira de Freitas & Lent,1938 Prevot,1985 Gymnatrema Morozov,1955 Condylocotyla Pearson & Prevot,1985 = Acanthostomum (Orientoacanthostomum) Zaida & Khahn,1977 C. pilodora Pearson & Prevot,1985 (™) @ Larus argentatus; intermediate host Belone Protocaecum Baugh,1957 belone Mediterranean France Timoniella Rebecq,1960

Pygidiopsinae Yamaguti,1958 T. imbutiforme (Molin,1859) Brooks,1980 = Acanthostomum imbutiforme (Molin,1859) Pygidiopsis Looss,1907 (™ P. genata Looss,1907 @ Dicentrarchus labrax, Pomatoschistus microps (Egypt)) British Isles, Mediterranean

P. ardeae Køie,1990 Pachytrematidae = Cercaria angularis Honer,1960 @ gall bladder & bile duct of reptiles, birds & = P. genata : Christensen & Roth,1949, non mammals Looss,1907 @ Ardea cinerea (grey heron); cercariae & rediae in Ratziidae Hydrobia spp.; metacercariae in e.g. Gasterosteus @ definitive host unknown, intermediate hosts are aculeatus, Pungitius pungitius, Pomatoschistus prosobranchs & amphibian tadpole larvae microps Denmark Tetracladiidae @ intestine of marine shore birds Cryptogonimidae Ward,1917 @ intestine of fishes Tetracladium ?,1???

Cryptogonimus Osborn,1903 T. sternae Kulachkova,1954 @ Sterna paradisaea @ e.g. Pollachius, Lophius & Pleuronectes Norway ?

Opisthovarium Cable, Connor & Balling,1960 S. lophii Quinteiro, Tojo, Nunez, Santamarina & Sanmartin,1993 ACANTHOCOLPATA Brooks, OʼGrady & @ Lophius piscatorius ; intermediate hosts Glen,1985, emend. Brooks, Bandoni, Macdonald & are Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis, Microchirus OʼGrady,1989 variegatus, Micromesistius poutassou & Trisopterus @ cercariae in prosobranchs; metacercariae in fishes luscus NW Spain Acanthocolpioidea Lühe,1909 S. pristis (Deslongschamps, in Lamouroux,1824) Acanthocolpidae Lühe,1909 @ Gadidae, e.g. Gadus morhua @ fishes (adults) S. Baltic, British Isles, Mediterranean

Acanthocolpus Lühe,1906 S. rhombispinosum (Lebour,1908) @ Merlangius & Ciliata Lepidauchen Nicoll,1913 British Isles

L. stenostoma Nicoll,1913 S. triglae (Lebour,1908) @ Labrus bergylta ;Hinia incrassata & Pisania @ Grey Gurnard maculosa (metacercariae) British Isles Plymouth, French Mediterranean Tormopsolus Poche,1925 Neophasis Stafford,1904 (™ N. pusilla Stafford,1904) T. osculatus (Looss,1901) @ Gaidropsarus N. anarrhichae (Nicoll,1909) Mediterranean? @ Anarrhichus ? Dihemistephanus Looss,1901

Stephanostomum Looss,1899 D. lydiae (Stossich,1896) =Stephanochasmus Looss,1900 @ Mola mola British Isles, Mediterranean S. baccatum (Nicoll,1907) = Cercaria neptunae Lebour,1911 D. sturionis Little,1930 @ Myoxocephalus , Hippoglossus, Limanda & @ Acipencer Eutrigla ; British Isles cercariae in Buccinum & Neptunea ; metacercariae in skin/muscles of Pleuronectidae. Campulidae Odhner,1926 Swedish westcoast, W. Norway, British Isles @ marine mammals (adults)

S. caducum (Looss,1901) Manter,1934 Campula Cobbold,1858 @ Gadus morhua ; early development in Natica alderi ; encysted cercariae below mouth epidermis C. oblonga Cobbold,1858 (™) in Gobidae @ bile ducts of Phocaena phocaena British Isles Denmark, Faeroes, Europe

S. cesticillus (Molin,1858) C. delphini (Poirier,1886) Bittner & Sprehn,1928 @ Zeus = Distomum delphini Poirier,1886 British Isles, Mediterranean @ bile ducts of Delphinus delphis Europe S. hystrix (Dujardin,1845) C. palliata (Looss,1885) Looss,1901 Spitzbergen, Greenland, White Sea, Kara Sea = Distomum palliatum Looss,1885 @ bile ducts of Delphinus delphis O. fraterculus Odhner,1905 Europe @ gall bladder of e.g. Odobenus rosmarus, Erignathus barbatus & Enhydra lutris C. rochebruni (Poirier,1886) Bittner & Spitzbergen, N Pacific Sprehn,1928 = Distomum rochebruni Poirier,1886 O. rossicus (Skrjabin,1915) @ bile ducts of Delphinus delphis = Odhneriella rossica Skrjabin,1915 (™ of Europe Odhneriella Skrjabin,1915) @ bile ducts of Odobenus rosmarus Hadwenius Price,1932 White Sea = Synthesium Stunkard & Alvey,1930 * Why are Fernandez, Balbuena & Raga,1994 using Nasitrematidae the younger name in this synonymy? @ nasal cavities of whales

H. subtila (Skrjabin,1959) Adams & Rausch,1989 Nasitrema Ozaki,1935 = Odhneriella subtila (Skrjabin,1959) @ intestine of Globicephala melaena N. spp. Faeroes @ different dolphin species, e.g. Pseudorca crassidens, Globicephala macrorhynchus H. tursionis (Marchi,1873) Fernandez, Balbuena & * 9 species known 1970. Primary cause of single Raga,1994 whale strandings in California and Japan. Causes = Synthesium tursionis (Marchi,1873) Stunkard & cranial neuropathy. Alvey,1930 California, Japan = Distomum tursionis Marchi,1873 @ Tursiops truncatus ? TAXA? Europe, Mediterranean Gyliauchenidae Lecithodesmus M. Braun,1902 @ intestine of marine teleosts

L. goliath (van Beneden,1858) Braun,1902 Treptodemidae = Distomum goliath van Beneden,1858 (™) @ intestine of marine fishes @ liver of Balaena & Balaenoptera Europe, Arctic Acanthocollaritrematidae @ intestine of marine fishes Orthosplanchninae Yamaguti,1958 = Odhneriellinae Yamaguti,1958 “Macrocercariae” * Taxonomy & life cycle not known. Leucasiella Krotov & Delyamure,1952 “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 L. delamurei Raga & Balbuena,1988 @ Globicephala melaena C. lophocera Rothschild,1938 Spanish Mediterranean @ gonads of Hydrobia spp. Isefjord Orthosplanchnus Odhner,1905 = Odhneriella Skrjabin,1915 (synonymy by Adams C. pleurolophocera - group Rothschild,1938 & Rausch 1989) @ gonads of male Hydrobia ventrosa Isefjord O. arcticus Odhner,1905 @ gall bladder of Phoca hispida, Erignathus C. echinostoma - group Sewell,1??? barbatus, Odobenus rosmarus & Pagophilus @ gonads of Hydrobia spp. groenlandica Isefjord C. ocellata La Valetta,1??? P. loliginum Delle Chiaje,1822 @ gonads of female Hydrobia ventrosa = Solenocotyle chiaje Diesing,1850 Isefjord @ large blood vessels of Loligo vulgaris & Sepia officinalis C. rhodometopa ?Pérez,1924? Mediterranean @ Turritella communis Roscoff Larvae

C. pythionike Rothschild,1935 “Cercaria “ O.F. Müller,1773 @ gonads of Turritella communis Plymouth C. ephemera Lebour,1912, non Nitzsch * Belonging to Notocotylus sp. C. doricha Rothschild,1935 @ 1:rst intermediate hosts: Hydrobia spp. Birds are @ gonads of Turritella communis final hosts. Plymouth S Baltic, Isefjord

C. nicarete Rothschild,1935 C. misenensis Palombi,1940 @ gonads of Turritella communis @ Hydrobia spp. Plymouth Isefjord

C. herpsyllis Rothschild,1935 C. ubiquita - group Sewell,19?? @ gonads of Turritella communis @ Hydrobia spp. Plymouth Isefjord

C. turritellae Hutton,1955 MONOPISTHOCOTYLEA Odhner,1912 @ gonad & digestive gland of Turritella communis Plymouth Gyrodactyloidea van Beneden & Hesse,1863

C. coronanda Rothschild,1938 Gyrodactylidae van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ Hydrobia ulvae = Ooegyrodactylidae Harris,1983 Tamar Saltings Isancistrum de Beauchamp,1912 C. pirum Lebour,1907 @ On squids. @ Hydrobia ulvae * Typical size 0.2 mm. Engl. Channel I. loliginis de Beauchamp,1912 C. cambrensis Cole,1938 @ gills of Alloteutis subulata @ Cerastoderma edule Plymouth Millbrook Lake I. subulatae Llewellyn,1984 “Metacercaria” @ arms & tentacles of Alloteutis subulata Plymouth M. sp. : Ankel,1962 @ Hydrobia spp. I. sp. : Llewellyn,1984 Isefjord @ Loligo vulgaris & L. forbesi ?Plymouth CERCOMEROMORPHA Bychowsky Gyrodactylus Nordmann,1832 @ Teleosts MONOGENEA van Beneden * Typical size 0.5 mm

Polystoma Delle Chiaje,1822 G. aeglefini Bychowsky & Poljansky,1953? * Which family? @ Melanogrammus aeglefinus Tromsö @ gills & skin of Ciliata mustela & Gaidropsaurus tricirratus G. anguillae Ergens,1960 Plymouth @ Anguilla anguilla Baltic-Gullmarn G. perlucidus Bychowsky & Poljansky,1953 @ Zoarces viviparus G. arcuatus Bychowsky sensu Bychowsky & Baltic-Gullmarn, Tromsö Poljansky,1953 @ Gasterosteus aculeatus & temporarily other G. pharyngicus Malmberg,1964 teleosts @ Gadus morhua & Melanogrammus aeglefinus Baltic-Gullmarn, Tromsö Baltic-Bohusl., Tromsö

G. branchius Malmberg,1964 G. pungitii Malmberg,1964 @ Gasterosteus aculeatus @ Pungitius pungitius & temporarily Spinachia & Baltic-Gullmarn, Tromsö Gasterosteus Baltic-Gullmarn G. callariatis Malmberg,1957 @ Gadus morhua G. rarus (Wegener,1910) Oslo fjord @ Pungitius pungitius & temporary Spinachia spinachia G. cryptarum Malmberg,1970 Baltic-Gullmarn, Plymouth, @ Gadus morhua Tromsö G. robustus Malmberg,1957 @ Platichthys flesus G. derjavini Mikailov,1975 Baltic @ Salmo & Trutta Norwegian rivers G. salaris Malmberg,1957 “Laxdjävulen” @ “smolt” of Salmo salar G. emambranatus Malmberg,1970 W Swedish & Norwegian rivers @ Gadus morhua Baltic-Gullmarn, Tromsö G. syngnathi Appleby,1996 @ Syngnathus rostellatus G. errabundus Malmberg,1970 Oslofjord @ Zoarces viviparus & other temporary fish hosts Baltic-Gullmarn, Tromsö G. unicopula Glukhova,1955 @ Pleuronectes platessa G. flesi Malmberg,1957 NW. Scotland, ?Plymouth @ Platichthys flesus & temporary Pleuronectes platessa G. unipons Malmberg,1970 Baltic-Gullmarn @ Pleuronectes platessa Bohusl., Tromsö G. flexibiliradix Malmberg,1970 @ Platichthys flesus G. sp. Baltic-Gullmarn @ Aspitrigla cuculus British Isles G. gasterostei Glaser,1974 * Gasterosteus aculeatus G. sp. ? @ Molva molva British Isles G. groenlandicus Levinsen,1881 @ gills of Myoxocephalus scorpius G. sp. Greenland (Egedesminde) @ Pomatoschistus minutus British Isles G. medius Kathariner,1894 G. sp. Metahaliotrema Yamaguti,1953 @ Pomatoschistus norvegicus British Isles Protancyrocephaloides Burn1978 (™ Protancyrocephaloides liopsettae Burn,1978 @ G. sp. Liopsetta putnami - New Hampshire) @ Trisopterus minutus British Isles Pseudohaliotrema Yamaguti,1953

Gyrodactyloides Bykhovskii,1947, emend. Palson Pseudodiplectanum Tripathi,1955 & Beverley-Burton,1983 P. kearni Oliver,1980 Laminiscus Palson & Beverley-Burton,1983 @ Microchirus variegatus (™ Gyrodactyloides gussevi Bykhovskii & Plymouth Polyanskii,1953 @ Mallotus villosus - NW Atlantic) Diplectanidae Bychowsky,1957

Dactylogyroidea Bychowsky,1933 Calydiscoides Young,1969

Dactylogyridae Bychowsky,1933 Cycloplectanum Oliver,1968

Allomurraytrema ?,19?? Diplectanum Diesing,1858 * Correct family? D. aequans (Wagener,1857) Amphibdella Chatin,1874 @ gill tissue of Dicentrarchus labrax Norway, British Isles, Belgium A. torpedinis Chatin,1874 @ gills & in the branchial cavity of Torpedo D. bocqueti Oliver,1980 marmorata @ Sciaenidae Mediterranean Biscay

A. flavolineata MacCallum,1916 D. chabaudi Oliver,1980 @ gills of Torpedo nobiliana @ Sciaenidae Irish Sea Biscay

Amphibdelloides Price,1937 D. dollfusi Oliver,1980 @ Sciaenidae A. maccallumi (Johnston & Tiegs,1922) Biscay @ gills of Torpedo nobiliana Irish Sea D. sciaenae van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ Sciaena aquila Dactylogyrus Diesing,1850 Belgium * Marine species few. Heteroplectanum Rakotofiringa, Oliver & Linguadactyla Brinkmann,1940 Lambert,1987 (™ Heteroplectanum nenuoides Rakotofiringa, Oliver & Lambert,1987 @ Sparidae L. molvae Brinkmann,1940 - Madagascar) @ gills of Molva dipterygia * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 4 Lamellodiscus Johnston & Tiegs,1922 mm. Bergen Lamellospina Karyakarte & Rekha-Das,1978 (™ Lamellospina indiana Karyakarte & Rekha- Mexicana Caballero & Bravo-Hollis,1959, emend. Das,1978 @ Nemipterus japonicus - India) Luque, Amato & Takemoto,1992 Lamellodiscoides Yamaguti,1963 = Pseudolamellodiscoides Gupta & Krishna,1969 = P. microrchis Ogawa & Egusa,1976 @ Anguilla anguilla & A. japonica Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti,1958 S. Baltic, W Swedish coastal waters, Denmark, S Br. Isles, France, China Calceostomatidae Parona & Perugia,1890 P. bini (Kikuchi,1929) Calceostoma van Beneden,1858 @ Anguilla anguilla S. Baltic, Denmark, W Swedish coastal water, C. calceostoma (Wagener,1857) England, Australasia = Calceostoma herculeana Euzet & Vala,1975 @ Sciaena aquila Salsuginus Beverley-Burton,1984 Belgium Rhamnocercidae ?,19?? C. sp. @ Argyrosomus regius Rhamnocercus Monaco, Wood & Mizelle,1954 British Isles Rhamnocercoides Luque & Iannacone,1992 Neocalceostomoides ?,19?? (™ Rhamnocercoides menticirrhi Luque & Iannacone,1992 @ Menticirrhus ophicephalus - Ancyrocephalidae Bychowsky,1937 Peru)

Ancyrocephalus Creplin,1839 Capsaloidea Baird,1853

Ancyrocephaloides Yamaguti,1938 Microbothriidae Price,1936

Bravohollisia Bychowsky & Nagibina,1970 Microbothrium Olsson,1869

Caballeria Bychowsky & Nagibina,1970 M. apiculatum Olsson,1869 @ Squalus acanthias Chauhanellus Bychowsky & Nagibina,1969 Skagerrak, British Isles

Ergenstrema Paperna,1964 M. centrophori Brinkmann,1940 @ caudal fin of Centrophorus squamosus E. labrosi Anderson,1981 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 3 @ Chelon labrosus mm. Plymouth Bergen

Furcohaptor Bijukumar & Kearn,1996 (™ M. fragile Olsson,1869 Furcohaptor cynoglossi Bijukumar & Kearn,1996 @ dorsal surface of Raja batis. @ Cynoglossus macrostomus - Kerala * This is badly described (a nomen nudum) and may be identical with Micropharynx Haliotrema Johnston & Tiegs,1922 parasitica Jägerskiöld,1896 Skagerrak Hamatopeduncularia Yamaguti,1953 Leptobothrium Gallien,1937 Ligophorus Euzet & Suriano,1977 L. pristiuri (Gallien,1937) L. angustus Euzet & Suriano,1977 @ the skin of Pristiurus melanostomus @ Chelon labrosus SW of Ireland British Isles Leptocotyle Monticelli,1904 Pseudodactylogyrus ?Gussev?,1965? L. minor (Monticelli,1888) P. anguillae (Yin & Sproston,1948) @ skin of Scyliorhinus canicula & S. stellaris * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 2 Thorson,1981 mm. Bohuslän (on S. canicula in captivity in the tanks Spinuris Doran,1953 of “Havets Hus”, Lysekil infested summer 2000, of which a few died, possibly caused by a secondary Calicotylinae Monticelli,1903, emend. Chisholm, bacterial infection), Engl. Channel, Irish Sea Wheeler & Beverley-Burton,1995

Pseudocotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1865 Calicotyle Diesing,1850

P. squatinae van Beneden & Hesse,1865 C. kroyeri Diesing,1850 @ Squatina squatina @ the cloaca of Raja spp. (but evidently not in Engl. Channel, Irish Sea females contaning eggs in uteri) & ? Chimaera monstrosa P. lepidorhini Guiart,1938 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 3 @ Lepidorhinus squamosus mm. ? Kattegatt, Norway, France, British Isles

Monocotylidae Taschenberg,1879 C. affinis Th. Scott,1911 @ gills & rectal ampulla of Chimaera monstrosa ????inae Bergen, Scotland

Dictyocotyle Nybelin,1941, emend. Chisholm, Merizocotylinae Johnston & Tiegs,1922, emend. Wheeler & Beverley-Burton,1995 Chisholm, Wheeler & Beverley-Burton,1995

D. coeliaca Nybelin,1941 Merizocotyle Cerfontaine,1894 @ coelom of Raja lintea , R. naevus & R. radiata = Thaumatocotyle Th. Scott,1904 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 12 = Mycteronastes Kearn & Beverley-Burton,1990 mm. North Sea, British Isles M. concinna (Th. Scott,1904) = Thaumatocotyle concinna Th. Scott,1904 Monocotylinae Taschenberg,1879 @ Trygon pastinaca = Dendromonocotylinae Hargis,1955 Scotland

Monocotyle Taschenberg,1878 M. undulatae (Kearn & Beverley-Burton,1990) = Mycteronastes undulatae Kearn & Beverley- Clemacotyle Young,1967 Burton,1990 @ nasal cavity of Raja undulata Lacépède Dendromonocotyle Hargis,1955 off Arcachon, off Lisbon

Heterocotylinae Chisholm, Wheeler & Beverley- M. diaphana Cerfontaine,1894 Burton,1995 @ Raja batis Belgium Heterocotyle Th. Scott,1904, emend. Chisholm & Whittington,1996 M. minor Cerfontaine,1898 @ Raja sp. H. pastinacae Th. Scott,1904 Roscoff @ Trygon pastinaca Scotland Squalotrema Kearn & Green,1983, emend. Chisholm, Wheeler & Beverley-Burton,1995 Neoheterocotyle Hargis,1955 S. llewellyni Kearn & Green,1983 Nonacotyle Ogawa,1991 @ nasal fossae of Squalus acanthias Plymouth Potamotrygonocotyle Mayes, Brooks & Empruthotrema Johnston & Tiegs,1922, emend. @ “Tetraodon luna” & Mola mola Chisholm, Wheeler & Beverley-Burton,1995 European waters

E. raiae (MacCallum,1916) C. cutanea (Guiart,1938) @ Raja brachyura, R. clavata, R. microocellata, R. @ gills of Mola mola montagui & R. naevus Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean British Isles C. molae (E. Blanchard,1847) Decacotylinae Chisholm, Wheeler & Beverley- @ Mola mola Burton,1995 Atlantic ocean (e.g. the North Sea)

Decacotyle Young,1967 Capsaloides Price,1938

Papillicotyle Young,1967 Encotyllabe Diesing,1850

Dasybatotreminae Bychowsky,1957 E. nordmanni Diesing,1850 @ e.g. Brama rayi Dasybatotrema Price,1938 Mediterranean E. pagelli van Beneden & Hesse,1863 Timofeevia Chisholm, Wheeler & Beverley- @ mouth of Pagellus centrodontus Burton,1995 (™ Dasybatotrema rajae (Timofeeva Belgium,Ireland 1983)) Entobdella de Blainville,1818 Capsalidae Baird,1853 E. hippoglossi (O.F. Müller,1776) Allometabenedeniella Velasquez,1982 (™ = Entobdella squamula (Heath,1902) Allometabenedeniella plataxi Velasquez,1982 @ = Entobdella steingroeveri (Cohn,1916) Platax orbicularis - Philippines) = Entobdella brattstroemi Brinkmann,1952 = Entobdella curvunca Ronald,1957 Alloencotyllabe Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1988 (™ = Entobdella rosaceus Crane,1972 A. caranxi Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1988 @ Caranx @ skin of Hippoglossus hippoglossus - Persian Gulf) * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 14 mm. Benedenia Diesing,1858 Denmark, Greenland, British Isles

B. sciaenae (van Beneden,1852) E. soleae (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) @ Sciaena aquila @ skin of Solea solea Belgium * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 5 mm. B. monticelli (Parona & Perugia,1895) Belgium, France, British Isles @ Mugil auratus Mediterranean E. diadema (Monticelli,1902) @ Dasyatis pastinaca Caballerocotyla ?,19?? British Isles

Capsala Bosc,1811 Megalocotyle Folda,1928

C. martinierei Bosc,1811 M. rhombi (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) @ skin of Mola mola @ gills of Rhombus maximus * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 22 Brest mm. Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, British Isles Metabenedeniella Yamaguti,1958 C. cephala (Risso,1826) Nasicola Yamaguti,1968 Interniloculinae Suriano & Beverley-Burton,1979

N. hogansi Wheeler & Beverley-Burton,1987 Interniloculus Suriano & Beverley-Burton,1979 @ Thunnus thynnus (™ Interniloculus chilensis Suriano & Beverley- NW Atlantic Burton,1979 @ Helicolenus lengerichi - Chile)

Neobenedenia ?,19?? Encotyllabinae

Tristoma Cuvier,1817 Alloencotyllabe Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1988 (™ A. caranxi Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1988 @ Caranx T. coccineum Cuvier,1817 - Persian Gulf) @ gills of Xiphias gladius Europe? Encotyllabe Diesing,1850

T. integrum Diesing,1850 E. nordmanni Diesing,1850 @ gills of Xiphias gladius @ e.g. Brama rayi Europe? Mediterranean

T. papillosum Diesing,1836 E. pagelli van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ Mola mola & Xiphias gladius @ mouth of Pagellus centrodontus Mediterranean Belgium,Ireland

T. uncinatum Monticelli,1889 Neoencotyllabe Gupta & Krishna,1980 @ ?Pleuronectes sp. ? Acanthocotyloidea Price,1936

Tristomella ?,19?? Acanthocotylidae Price,1936

Trimusculotrema Whittington & Barton,1990 (™ Acanthocotyle Monticelli,1888 Benedenia micracantha Euzet & Maillard,1967) A. verrilli Goto,1899 Trochopus Diesing,1850 = A. borealis Brinkmann,1940 @ ventral surface of Raja radiata T. tubiporus (Diesing,1836) * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 3 @ Trigla hirundo mm. Belgium, British Isles Bergen

T. diplacanthus Massa,1903 A. elegans Monticelli,1890 @ Trigla hirundo @ Raja clavata & Raja miraletus Irish Sea British Isles, Mediterranean

T. gaillimhe Little,1929 A. greeni Macdonald & Llewellyn,1980 @ Trigla hirundo & T. lucerna @ Raja clavata * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 5 British Isles mm. W. of Ireland A. lobianchi Monticelli,1888 = A. monticellii Th. Scott,1902 T. lineatus Th. Scott,1901 @ Raja brachyura, R. clavata, R. microocellata, R. @ Trigloporus lastoviza montagui & R. naevus Scotland Belgium, British Isles T. pini (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) Lophocotylinae Yamaguti,1963 @ Trigla lucerna Belgium, British Isles Lophocotyle Braun,1896 = Squaloncotyle canis Cerfontaine,1899 Myxinidocotylinae Malmberg & Fernholm,1989 @ gills of Galeus canis Roscoff Myxinidocotyle Malmberg & Fernholm,1989 (™ Myxinidocotyle californica Malmberg & E. galeorhini (Price,1942) Fernholm,1989 @ Eptatretus stoutii - California) @ gills of Mustelus asterias Rio de Oro Enoplocotylidae Malmberg,1990 E. grisea (Cerfontaine,1899) Enoplocotyle Tagliani, in Lo Bianco,1909 = Squaloncotyle grisea Cerfontaine,1899 @ gills of Hexanchus griseus E. minima Tagliani,1912 W. of Ireland @ ? E. licha (Rees & Llewellyn,1941) Portugal = Squaloncotyle licha Rees & Llewellyn,1941 * a nomen nudum POLYOPISTHOCOTYLEA Odhner,1912 @ gills of Scymnorhinus licha W. of Ireland Polystomatoidea Gamble,1896 E. vulgaris (Cerfontaine,1899) Hexabothriidae Price,1942 = Squaloncotyle vulgaris Cerfontaine,1899 @ gills of Mustelus vulgaris Callorhynchocotyle Suriano & Incorvala,1982 Roscoff, North Sea

Hexabothrium Nordmann,1832 E. laevis van Beneden & Hesse,1863 (™) @ Mustelus mustelus & Galeorhinus galeus H. appendiculatum (Kuhn,1829) British Isles, Belgium = H. canicula Cerfontaine,1899 @ gills of Scyliorhinus canicula & S. stellaris Pseudohexabothrium Brinkmann,1952 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 4 mm. Rajonchocotyle Cerfontaine,1899 British Isles, Roscoff R. batis Cerfontaine,1899 H. musteli (MacCallum,1931) Price,1942 @ gills of Raja batis @ gill cavieties of Mustelus mustelus Skagerrak, British Isles, Ostende, Ireland Canaries R. alba Cerfontaine,1899 Erpocotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ gills of Raja alba = Squalonchocotyle Cerfontaine,1899 Roscoff

E. squali (MacCallum,1931) R. blandae Sproston,1946 @ Squalus acanthias @ gills of Raja brachyura British Isles Roscoff

E. borealis (van Beneden,1853) R. emarginata (Olsson,1876) @ gills of Scymnus glacialis = R. clavata Bracey MS in Sproston,1946 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 25 @ Raja clavata, R. brachyura, R. microocellata, R. mm. montagui & R. naevus Belgium Swedish west-coast, British Isles

E. abbreviata (Olsson,1876) R. miraletus Rees & Llewellyn,1941 @ gills of Squalus acanthias * nomen nudum Skagerrak, Roscoff @ gills of Raja naevus W. coast of Ireland E. canis (Cerfontaine,1899) R. prenanti (Saint Remy,1890) @ gills of Raja oxyrhynchus Mazocraes Hermann,1782 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 8 mm. M. alosae Hermann,1782 Roscoff @ gills of Alosa spp. * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 11 Rhinobatonchocotyle Doran,1953 mm. British Isles, North Sea Chimaericoloidea Brinkmann,1942 M. pilchardi (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) Chimaericolidae Brinkmann,1942 @ Clupea pilchardus Belgium Chimaericola Brinkmann,1942 Ophicotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863 C. leptogaster (F.S. Leuckart,1830) * a genus inquirendae @ gills of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus,1758 and Hydrolagus mirabilis Collett,1940 O. fintae van Beneden & Hesse,1863 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 40 @ gills of Alosa finta mm. Belgium Bohuslän, Skagerrak, North Sea Pseudanthocotyloides Euzet & Prost,1969 Diclidophoroidea Fuhrmann,1928 P. harengi (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) Mazocraeidae Price,1936 = Mazocraes harengi (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) = Pseudanthocotyloides heterocotyle (van Cribromazocraes Mamaev,1981 Beneden,1871) @ gills of Sprattus sprattus & Clupea harengus Grubea Diesing,1858 Swedish west coast, Belgium, British Isles, Mediterranean G. cochlear Diesing,1858 @ gills of Scomber scombrus , preferrably on the Pseudokuhnia Rohde & Watson,1985 (™ Kuhnia inner hemibranch of the 4:th gill arch minor Goto,1894 @ Scomber) * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 5 mm. Plectanocotylidae Poche,1926 Skagerrak, Plymouth, Portugal, Mediterranean = Discocotylidae Price,1936

Kuhnia Sproston,1945 Discocotyle Diesing,1850

K. scombri (Kuhn,1829) Sproston,1945 D. sagittata (Leuckart,1842) @ gills of Scomber scombrus @ Salmonidae * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 4 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 7 mm. mm. Skagerrak, North Sea area, Ireland, Plymouth, NW Europe Portugal Plectanocotyle Diesing,1850 K. sprostonae Price,1961 @ pseudobranchs & gills of Scomber scombrus P. gurnardi (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) Skagerrak, North Sea, Ireland, Plymouth @ gills of Eutrigla gurnardus, Aspitrigla cuculus, Trigla lucerna &Trigloporus lastoviza K. bramae (Parona & Perugia,1896) Norway, Belgium, British Isles @ gills of Brama rayi Mediterranean Octoplectanocotylinae Price,1961

Mazocraeoides Price,1936 Octoplectanocotyle Yamaguti,1937 (™ O. trichiuri Yamaguti,1937 - Japan) D. palmata (Leuckart,1830) O. aphanopi Pascoe,1987 @ gills of Molva molva @ Aphanopus carbo Lowe,1839 Bergen, British Isles Rockall Trough D. phycidis (Parona & Perugia,1889) Anthocotylidae Price,1936 = Dactylocotyle phycidis Parona & Perugia,1889 @ gills of Phycis blennoides Brünnich,1768 Anthocotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863 * Typical size 5 mm. British Isles A. merluccii van Beneden & Hesse,1863 D. pollachii (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) @ gills of Merluccius merluccius @ gills of Pollachius pollachius * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 12 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986 (as mm. Dactylocotyle ). Typical size 10 mm. Belgium, British Isles Belgium, British Isles Diclidophoridae Fuhrmann,1928 Cyclocotyla Otto,1823 Diclidophora Krøyer,1838 C. chrysophryi (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) = Diclidophora Diesing,1850 @ gills of Pagellus bogaraveo = Dactylocotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863 British Isles, Belgium = Octodactylus Dalyell,1853

D. esmarkii Th. Scott,1901 Choricotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ gills of Trisopterus esmarkii * Typical size 4 mm. C. labracis (Cerfontaine,1895) British Isles @ gills of Labrax lupus North Sea D. denticulata (Olsson,1876) @ gills of Pollachius virens C. pagelli (Gallien,1937) * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 10 @ gills of Pagellus centrodontus mm. W. coast of Ireland Skagerrak, British Isles C. chrysophori ?,1??? D. luscae (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) @ Gadidae @ gills of Trisopterus luscus * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 5 * Typical size 5 mm. mm. Engl. Channel, North Sea, Spain NW Europe

D. merlangi (Kuhn, in Nordmann,1832) Diclidophoropsis Gallien,1937 @ gills of Merlangius merlangus * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 9 D. tissieri Gallien,1937 mm. @ gills of Macrurus laevis North Sea area, British Isles, Irish Sea * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 6 mm. D. minor (Olsson,1868) Off SW Ireland @ gills of Micromesistius poutassou * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 5 Macrouridophora Rubec & Dronen,1994 mm. Skagerrak, Bergen, British Isles M. halargyrea Rubec & Dronen,1994 @ Halargyreus johnsonii D. morrhuae (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) Faeroes @ gills of Gadus morhua Belgium, Ireland M. macruri (Brinkmann,1942) Rubec & Dronen,1994 D. centrodonti (Brown,1929) = Dactylocotyle macruri Brinkmann,1942 (™) = Microcotyle centrodonti Brown,1929 = Diclidophora macruri (Brinkmann,1942) @ gills of Pagellus bogaraveo @ gills of Coryphaenoides rupestris Gunnerus,1765 London aquarium * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 2 mm. Diplostamenides Unnithan,1971 (™ Skagerrak, NW Atlantic Diplostamenides umbrinae Unnithan,1971 @ Umbrina russelli - India) Paracyclocotyla ?Dollfus,1970? D. (Bivulvostella) canthari (van Beneden & P. cherbonnieri Dollfus,1970 Hesse,1863) @ gills of Alepocephalus bairdii Goode & = Microcotyle canthari van Beneden & Hesse,1863 Bean,1870 & A. rostratus (™ of Bivulvostella Unnithan,1971) off Bretagne, off Ireland @ gills of Cantharus griseus Brest Hexostomatidae Price,1936 Diurix Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle leiognathi Hexostoma Rafinesque,1815 Tripathi,1959)

H. thynni (Delaroche,1811) Gamacallum Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle @ gills of Thunnus & Sarda macrorum Mac & Mac,1913) Mediterranean, outside British Isles Heteraxinoides Gayevskaya & Kovaljova,1979 H. extensicaudum (Dawes,1940) * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? @ gills of Thunnus thynnus North Sea H. atlanticus Gayevskaya & Kovaljova,1979 @ Trachurus trachurus Microcotyloidea Taschenberg,1879 British Isles

Microcotylidae Taschenberg,1879 Manterella (™ Microcotyle heteracantha Manter,1938) Atriostella Unnithan,1971 (™ Atriostella otolithis Unnithan,1971 @ Otolithes argenteus - India) Metamicrocotyla Yamaguti,1952 * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? Axine Abildgaard,1794 * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? Microcotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863

A. belones Abildgaard,1794 M. donavini van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ gills of Belone belone @ gills of Labrus donavini (=L. berggylta ) * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 6 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size 5 mm. mm. North Sea area, British Isles Brest, North Sea, British Isles

A. triglae van Beneden & Hesse,1863 M. erythrini van Beneden & Hesse,1863 * a species inquirendae @ gills of Pagellus erythrinus @ gills of Trigla hirundo Brest Brest Nudimasculus Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle Cynoscionicola Price,1962 spari Yamaguti,1937) * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? Paradiurix Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle Dinotaster Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle acanthogobii Yamaguti,1940) centrodonti Brown,1929) Pauciconfibula Dillon & Hargis,1965 * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? acarne Maillard & Noisy,1979 @ Pagellus acarne - French Mediterranean) P. draconis Briot,1904 @ gills of Trachinus draco A. labracis (van Beneden & Hesse,1863) English Channel, North Sea Winch,1983 = Microcotyle labracis van Beneden & Hesse,1863 Polylabris Euzet & Cauwet,1967 @ gills of Dicentrarchus labrax * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? Brest,Roscoff, British Isles

Polylabroides Mamaev & Parukhin,1976, emend. Bradyhaptorinae Unnithan,1971 Byrnes,1985 * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? Bradyhaptorus Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle trachini Par & Per,1889) Polynemicola Unnithan,1971 (™ Polynemicola bulbovaginata Unnithan,1971 @ Polynemus indicus Bychowskicotylinae Unnithan,1971 - India) * Correct family or Gastrocotylidae? Bychowskicotyla Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle mormyri Lorenz,1878) Solostamenides Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle mugilis Vogt,1879) Tonkinopsis Lebedev,1972

S. mugilis (Vogt,1879) Caenomicrocotylinae Unnithan,1971 = Microcotyle mugilis Vogt,1879 @ gills of Mugil cephalus Caenomicrocotyle Unnithan,1971 (™ Microcotyle Roscoff fusiformis Goto,1894)

Gastrocotylidae Price, 1943 C. fusiformis (Goto,1894) = Microcotyle fusiformis Goto,1894 Gastrocotyle van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ gills of Pholis gunellus British Isles G. trachuri van Beneden & Hesse,1863 @ gills of Trachurus trachurus Cemocotylidae Yamaguti,1963 * Drawing in Möller & Anders,1986. Typical size @ gill parasites on Carangidae 4.5 mm. British Isles Cemocotyle Sproston,1946

Pseudaxine Parona & Perugia,1890 C. trachuri ?,1??? @ Trachurus trachurus P. trachuri Parona & Perugia,1890 NE Atlantic @ gills of Trachurus trachurus Plymouth, Mediterranean Cemocotylella Prize,1962

Anakohninae Bravo-Hollis,1986 Heteraxinidae Price,1962

Anakohnia Bravo-Hollis,1985 (™ Anakohnia Allencotyla Price,1962 brasiliana Bravo-Hollis,1986 @ Centropomus paralellus - Brazil) Bicotyle Tripathi,1956 = Tricotyle Tripathi,1959 Atriasterinae Maillard & Noisy,1979, emend. Winch,1983 Heteraxine Yamaguti,1938

Atriaster Lebedev & Paruchin,1969 Megamicrocotyle Tripathi,1956

Atrispinum Maillard & Noisy,1979 (™ Atrispinum Probursata Bravo-Hollis,1984 S. simplex Linton,1922 @ Liparis liparis & L. atlanticus Heteromicrocotylidae Unnithan,1961 North Atlantic

Heteromicrocotyla Yamaguti,1953 Diplocotylidae Nybelin,1920

Heteromicrocotyloides Rohde,1977 Diplocotyle Krabbe,1874

CESTODA Carus,1885 D. olrikii Krabbe,1874 (™) = D. nylandica (Schneider,1902) AMPHILINIDEA Poche,1922 @ Platichthys flesus & Gymnacanthus tricuspis ; 1: rst intermediate host : Gammarus locusta & Anonyx Amphilinidae Claus,1879 pugnax ; 2:nd intermediate host : none Finland Amphilina Wagener,1858 TRYPANORHYNCHA Diesing,1863 A. foliacea (Rudolphi,1819) (™) = TETRARHYNCHA Olsson,1893 @ Acipenser sturio ; first intermediate hosts : freshwater amphipods Sphyriocephalidae Dollfus,1930 Europe Sphyriocephalus Pintner,1913 Gigantolina Poche,1922 = Bouchardia Guiart,1927

GYROCOTYLIDEA Poche,1926 S. viridis (Wagener,1854) (™) @ e.g. Scymnus Gyrocotylidae Benham,1901 Mediterranean

Gyrocotyle Diesing,1850 Tentacularioidea Poche,1925 (Palm,1995) = Gyrocotyloides Fuhrmann,1931 Tentaculariidae Poche,1925 G. urna (Grube & Wagener,1852) (™) @ intestine of Chimaera monstrosa Tentacularia Bosc,1797 Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Faeroes = Stenobothrium Diesing,1850 = Abothros Welch,1876 G. nybelini (Fuhrmann,1931) Bandoni & = Pierretia Guiart,1927 Brooks,1987 = Gyrocotyloides nybelini Fuhrmann,1931 (™ of T. coryphaenae Bosc,1802 (™) Gyrocotyloides Fuhrmann,1931 @ adults in sharks, larvae in e.g. Scomber, @ Chimaera monstrosa Pleuronectes & Xiphias Skagerrak-Lofoten Atlantic

G. confusa van der Land & Dienske,1968 Nybelinia Poche,1925 ?Kattegatt-?Oslofjord-SW Norway - = Aspidorhynchus Molin,1858, non Agassiz,1833 Trondheimsfjord-?Barents Sea = Acoelorhynchus Poche,1926 = Rufferia Guiart,1927 EUCESTODA Suthwell,1930 N. lingualis (Cuvier,1817) SPATHEBOTHRIIDEA Wardle & McLeod,1952 = Tetrarhynchus lingualis Cuvier,1817 (™) = Tetrarhynchus megabothrius Rudolphi,1819 Spathebothriidae Wardle & McLeod,1952 = Tetrarhynchus sepiae Leuckart,1881 = Tetrarhynchus sepiaofficinalis Diesing,1854 Spathebothrium Linton,1922 = Tetrarhynchus macrobothrium ?,1??? = Tetrarhyncus bisulcatum Linton,1889 = Dibothriorhynchus todari Delle Chiaje,1829 = Amphistoma loliginis ?,1??? Lacistorhynchidae Guiart,1927 = Fasciola barbata ?,1??? = Fasciola loliginis ?,1??? Callotetrarhynchus Pintner,1931 (™ @ e.g. Solea, Psetta, Lophius, Trachurus, Trigla, Callotetrarhynchus gracillimum Pintner,1931) Raja spp. & Squalus ; 1:rst intermediate host : * Referred to this family by Beveridge & Campbell unknown ; 2:nd intermediate host : Todaropsis 1989 eblanae, Loligo, Sepia, Octopus, Eledone Sweden, Greenland, Belgium, Engl. Channel, W C. gracile (Rudolphi,1819) Spain, Mediterranean @ e.g. Scomber, Brama & Gadus Mediterranean N. yamagutii ?,19?? @ 2:nd intermediate host: Illex coindetii C. triglae (Diesing,1863) NW Spain @ e.g. Trigla aspera & Trachinus draco Europe N. robusta (Linton,1890) = Tetrarhynchus robustum Lincoln,1890 Floriceps Cuvier,1817 @ e.g. Trigla lineata * Referred to this family by Beveridge & Campbell France 1989

Hepatoxylidae Dollfus,1940 F. saccatus Cuvier,1817 (™) @ Mola mola Hepatoxylon Bosc,1811 Atlantic

H. squali (?Martinière,1797) F. oxneri Guiart,1938 @ e.g. Lamna & Squalus (& several other shark @ Coris julis species) Atlantic Atlantic Lacistorhynchus Pintner,1913 H. grossum (Rudolphi,1819) @ in swim bladder of Xiphias gladius L. tenuis (van Beneden,1858) (™) Roskilde fjord, Atlantic Spain @ e.g. Trachurus, trachurus, Scomber scombrus & Squalus acanthias H. trichuri (Holten,1802) Portugal, Atlantic @ Anarhichas spp., Micromesistius, etc. Norw. Sea, Iceland Pseudolacistorhynchus Palm,1996 (™ P. noodti Palm,1995 @ Pseudupeneus maculatus - SW Gymnorhynchidae Dollfus,1935 Atlantic)

Chimaerarhynchus Beveridge & Campbell,1989 Heteracanthoidea Dollfus,1942

C. rogetae Beveridge & Campbell,1989 (™) Shirleyrhynchidae Beveridge & Campbell,1994 @ Squalus acanthias Senegal Cetorhinicola Beveridge & Campbell,1988

Gymnorhynchus Rudolphi,1819 Shirleyrhynchus Beveridge & Campbell,1988 (™ S. butlaerae Beveridge & Campbell,1988 @ - G. gigas (Cuvier,1817) Dasyatis fluviorum - Queensland) @ e.g. Brama, Mola & Pagellus Sweden?, Atlantic, Mediterranean, NW Africa Otobothrioidea Dollfus,1942 (Beveridge & Campbell,1994) Neogymnorhynchus Bilqees & Shah,1982 (™ N. platycephali Bilqees & Shah,1982 @ Platycephalus Otobothriidae Dollfus,1942 scaber - Pakistan) Diplootobothrium Chandler,1942 (™ D. springeri Inachus & Cancer Chandler,1942 @ Platysqualus tudes - Florida) Atlantic, Mediterranean

Otobothrium Linton,1891 (™ P. macrouri Oncomegas Dollfus,1929 Rudolphi,1819) Parachristianella Dollfus,1946 Poecilancistrum Dollfus,1929 (™ P. caryophyllum (Diesing,1850)) P. trygonis Dollfus,1946 @ Trygon pastinaca Poeciloacanthum Palm,1995 (™ P. oweni Concarneau Palm,1995 @ Siluridae - Papua New Guinea) Paramecistobothrium Bilqees & Khurshid,1988 Pseudotobothridae Palm,1995 (™ P. magnabulbosa Bilqees & Khurshid,1988 @ Pseudosciaena diacanthus - Pakistan) Pseudothobothrium Ward,1954 Prochristianella Dollfus,1946 Kotorellidae Euzet & Radujkovic,1989 * Correct superfamily? P. trygonicola Dollfus,1946 @ Trygon pastinaca & Upogebia stellata Kotorella Euzet & Radujkovic,1989 Concarneau, Arcachon

K. pronosoma (Stossich,1901) Euzet & Pseudochristianella Campbell & Beveridge,1990 Radujkovic,1989 (™ P. southwelli Campbell & Beveridge,1990 @ = Rhynchobothrium pronosomum Stossich,1901 Carcharinus - India) (™) = Otbothrium pronosomum (Stossich,1901) Trigonolobium Dollfus,1929 @ Dasyatis pastinaca Mediterranean Trimacracanthus Beveridge & Campbell,1987 (™ Prochristianella aetobatis Robinson,1959) Eutetrarhynchoidea Guiart,1926 (Palm,1995) rest of old Cystoidea Guiart,1927 should probably Eutetrarhynchidae Guiart,1927 be referred to Heteracanthoidea Dollfus,1942 or Homeacanthoidea Dollfus,1942 Christianella Guiart,1931 = Armandia Guiart,1927, non Filippi,1801 Grillotiidae Dollfus,1969

C. minuta (van Beneden,1849) (™) Grillotia Guiart,1927 @ Squatina & Carcharias ; plerocercoid in Sepia = Heterotetrarhynchus Pintner,1929 officinalis; also found in Trachurus trachurus Belgium, Engl. Channel G. erinaceus (van Beneden,1858) (™) @ Raja spp., larvae in calanoids, e.g. Acartia, Dollfusiella Beveridge & Campbell,1994 (™ Pseudocalanus, Paracalanus & Temora (1:rst Eutetrarhynchus australis Prudhoe,1969) stage) and various teleosts, e.g. Trachurus trachurus (2:nd Eutetrarhynchus Pintner,1913 stage) * a postlarval form, probably belonging in this genus Atlantic was observed by Pelseneer,1906 from Ostrea edulis in Belgium G. acanthoscolex Rees,1944 @ Hexanchus griseus E. ruficollis (Eysenhardt,1829) (™) Porcupine Bank @ Mustelus spp., Raja & Squalus.; ; 1:rst intermediate host : unknown ; 2:nd G. minor Guiart,1935 intermediate host : Pagurus, Hyas,Carcinus, @ Lepidorhinus squamosus Bay of Biscay Pomadasys olivaceus - Pakistan) G. pastinacae Dollfus,1946 @ Trygon pastinaca Pterobothriidae Pintner,1931 Finistère Pterobothrium Diesing,1850 G. scolecina (Rudolphi,1819) = Myrmillorhynchus Bilqees,1980 @ elasmobranchs & Merluccius = Neogymnorhynchus Bilqees & Shah,1982 Mediterranean, British Isles Mustelicolidae Dollfus,1969, emend. Beveridge & G. smarisgorae (Diesing,1863) Campbell,1994 @ e.g. Squatina Atlantic Diesingiella Guiart,1931 = Diesingium Pintner,1929, non de G. sp. : Dollfus,1958 Quatrefages,1868 @ Sepia officinalis = Mustelicola Dollfus,1969 Engl. Channel D. lomentacea (Diesing,1850) (™) Progrillotia Dollfus,1969 @ Mustelus mustelus Mediterranean Dasyrhynchidae Dollfus,1935 D. monticellii (Moniez,1892) Dasyrhynchus Pintner,1928 @ Lophius piscatorius English Channel Gilquiniidae Dollfus,1942 = Aporhynchidae Poche,1926 Patellobothrium Beveridge & Campbell,1989 (™ P. quinquecatenatum Beveridge & Campbell,1989 Aporhynchus Nybelin,1918, emend. @ Sphyrna mokarran - Australia) Beveridge,1990 Rhinoptericolidae Carvajal & Campbell,1975 A. norvegicum (Olsson,1868) Nybelin,1918 = Tetrabothrius norvegicum Olsson,1868 (™) Rhinoptericola Carvajal & Campbell,1975 (™ @ Etmopterus spinax R. megacantha Carvajal & Campbell,1975 @ Scandinavia Rhinoptera bonasus - ?)

Deanicola Beveridge,1990 (™ D. protentus Hornelliellidae Yamaguti,1954 Beveridge,1990 @ Deania calcea -Tasmania) Hornelliella Yamaguti,1954 Gilquinia Guiart,1927, emend. Beveridge,1990 Tetrarhynchobothriidae Dollfus,1969 G. squali (Fabricius,1794) (™) = Rhynchobothrium tetrabothrium van Didymorhynchus Beveridge & Campbell,1988 Beneden,1849 (™ D. southwelli Beveridge & Campbell,1988 @ = Tetrarhynchobothrium affine Diesing,1854 Aetobatus narinari - Shri Lanka) @ e.g. Squalus acanthias ; plerocercoid larvae in eye of Merlangius merlangus Tetrarhyncobothrium Diesing,1850 Atlantic, Mediterranean Zygorhynchus Beveridge & Campbell,1988 (™ Plesiorhynchus Beveridge,1990 (™ P. etmopteri Z. robertsoni Beveridge & Campbell,1988 @ Beveridge,1990 @ Etmopterus lucifer - Tasmania) Himantura uarnak - Australia)

Pseudogilquiniidae Bilqees & Khatoon,1980 Pseudogrillotiidae Dollfus,1969

Pseudogilquinia Bilquees & Khatoon,1980 (™ Pseudogrillotia Dollfus,1969 P. karachiense Bilquees & Khatoon,1980 @ Molicolidae Beveridge & Campbell,1989 @ e.g. Gasterosteus, Zoarces & Petromyzon Europe Molicola Dollfus,1935 Anchistrocephalus Monticelli,1890 M. horridus (Goodsir,1841) = Ancistrocephalus Lühe,1899 @ larvae in Mola & e.g. Zeus ; adults in Isurus = Ancistrocephala Guiart,1935 glaucus A. microcephalus (Rudolphi,1819) (™) Stragulorhynchus Beveridge & Campbell,1988 @ Mola mola (™ S. orectolobi Beveridge & Campbell,1988 @ - Sweden, Mediterranean Orectolobus tentaculatus - S Australia) * Referred to this family by Beveridge & Campbell A. imbricatus (Diesing,1850) 1989 @ Caretta caretta Atlantic, Mediterranean Mixodigmatidae Dailey & Vogelbein,1982 Fistulicola Lühe,1899 Halysiorhynchus Pintner,1913 = Pseudeubothrium Yamaguti,1958 * Referred to this family by Beveridge & Campbell 1989 F. plicata (Rudolphi,1819) (™) @ Xiphias gladius Mixodigma Dailey & Vogelbein,1982 (™ M. Atlantic, Mediterranean leptaleum Dailey & Vogelbein,1982 @deep sea planktivorous shark - Hawaii) F. dalmatina (Stossich,1897) @ Zeus faber PSEUDOPHYLLIDEA Carus,1863 Mediterranean

Philobythidae Campbell,1977 Amphicotylidae Ariola,1899 = Abothriinae Nybelin,1922 Philobythos Campbell,1977, emend. Campbell,1979 Eubothrium Nybelin,1920 (™ Eubothrium rugosum (Batsch,1786)) P. atlanticus ??,1??? = Abothrium Lühe,1910, non van Beneden,1871 @ Coryphaenoides rupestris * 8 species, of which 5 are completely marine, 1 NW Atlantic limnic & marine & 2 limnic, but surviving marine conditions Philobythoides Campbell,1979 (™ P. stunkardi Campbell,1979 @ Alepocephalus agassizi - NW E. fragile (Rudolphi,1802) Atlantic) @ Clupea alosa Europe Triaenophoridae Lönnberg,1899 E. crassum (Bloch,1779) Triaenophorus Rudolphi,1793 @ hooked to the pyloric caeca of e.g. Salmo (most common in S. trutta ), Clupea & Cyclopterus ; 1:rst T. lucii (Müller,1776) (™) intermediate host: freshwater & marine copepods ; = T. nodulosus (Pallas,1781) 2:nd intermediate host : Perca fluviatilis @ e.g. Zoarces, Anguilla & Pungitius Baltic Sea-Bohuslän (in certain areas the infestation Scandinavia may be >50%), Irish Sea

T. anguilla Lönnberg,1889 E. salvelini (Schrank,1790) @ Anguilla @ e.g. Salmo , but chiefly Salvelinus alpinus in Sweden Eurasia; 1:rst intermediate host : freshwater Cyclops spp. T. crassus Forel,1868 Survives marine environment = T. robustus Olsson,1893 Europe hirundo , pleurocercoids in stomachs of marine E. parvum Nybelin,1922 teleosts of different families, however most often @ Mallotus villosus in the sand goby; adults most often in Cottidae and Norway, Barents Sea Scophthalmidae. S. Baltic-Bohuslän, Denmark, North Sea, Abothrium van Beneden,1871 Mediterranean, North Atlantic, Black Sea, Barents Sea A. gadi van Beneden,1871 (™) @ Gadus morhua & other Gadidae B. angusticeps Olsson,1868 (S. Baltic)-Öresund-Bohuslän (around 10% @ Sebastes norvegicus infestatation in Bohuslän), Belgium Ålesund, Bergen

Parabothrium Nybelin,1922 B. capillicollis Mégnin,1883 @ “carpe de mer” P. bulbiferum Nybelin,1922 (™) Norway @ Gadidae Sweden, Norway, Ireland B. claviceps (Goeze,1782) @ Anguilla and other teleosts P. gadipollachii (Rudolphi,1810) Europe @ ?Pollachius pollachius B. ellipticus Linstow,1880 ? @ Gadus morhua ? Probothriocephalus Campbell,1979 (™ P. muelleri Campbell,1979 @ Alepocephalus agassizi - NW B. gasterostei Knoch,1862 Atlantic) @ Pungitius pungitius = Flexiphallus Protasova & Parukhin,1986 ? = Heterovitellus Protasova & Parukhin,1986 = Partitiotestis Protasova & Parukhin,1986 B. gregarinus Ortega & Valero,1989 @ Scophthalmus maxima ; paratenic hosts: Amphicotyle Diesing,1863 Pomatoschistus minutus & P. marmoratus * Electrophoretically separated from B. scorpii A. ceratias Tkachev,1979 Gibraltar @ Ceratias holboelli Antarctic B. renaudii Ortega & Valero,1989 @ Scophthalmus maxima Amphigonoporus Mendes,1944 * Electrophoretically separated from B. scorpii = Pachybothrium Pozdniakov,1983, non Baer & Gibraltar Euzet,1962 B. labracis Dujardin,1845 Pistana Campbell & Gartner,1982 (™ P. @ Labrax lupus eurypharyngis Campbell & Gartner,1982 @ Rennes Eurypharynx pelecanoides - NW Atlantic) B. lophii Rudolphi,1819 Pseudeubothrioides Yamaguti,1968 @ Lophius piscatorius Europe Bothriocephalidae E. Blanchard,1849 = Ptychobothriidae Lühe,1902 B. minutus Ariola,1896 @ Syngnathus acus Bothriocephalus Rudolphi,1808 Mediterranean = Penetrocephalus Rao,1960 B. monorchis von Linstow,1903 B. scorpii (O.F. Müller,1776) (™) @ Mola mola @ procercoids in copepods, e.g. Eurytemora Europe B. motellae Olsson,1893 Echinophallus Schumacher,1914 @ Motella cimbria = Atelemerus Guiart,1935 Scandinavia Paratelemerus Gulyaev, Korotaeva & B. neglectus Lönnberg,1893 Kurochkin,1989 (™ P. seriolella Gulyaev, @ Raniceps raninus Korotaeva & Kurochkin,1989 @ Seriolella brama Sweden - Indian Ocean)

B. nigropunctatus von Linstow,1901 Parabothriocephalus Yamaguti,1934 @ Sebastes norvegicus = Parabothriocephaloides Yamaguti,1934 Europe Ligulidae Lühe,1899 B. parvus Creplin,1846 @ Ammodytes tobianus Ligula Bloch,1782 (™ Ligula intestinalis ? (Linnaeus,1758)) B. proboscideus (Batsch,1786) @ Salmo salar, Salmo trutta & Motella mustela sp. Europe @ birds; plerocercoids in e.g. Gasterosteidae S. Baltic B. rhombi (Leeuw., in Mola,1928) @ Mullus, Arnoglossus, Rhombus, Pleuronectes, Schistocephalus Creplin,1829 (™ Schistocephalus Solea, Labrus, Trigla etc. dimorphus Creplin,1829) ? S. solidus (O.F. Müller,1776) B. spinachiae Olsson,1893 @ sea birds; procercoids in cyclopoid copepods; @ Spinachia spinachia plerocercoids in Gasterosteus aculeatus Sweden Baltic-Bohuslän

Clestobothrium Lühe,1899 S. pungitii Dubinina,1959 @ sea birds; plerocercoid in Pungitius pungitius C. crassiceps (Rudolphi,1819) (™) ?Sweden?? @ Merluccius merluccius Mediterranean, Porcupine bank Diphyllobothriidae Lühe,1910 = Lueheellidae Baer,1924 Ptychobothriidae Diplogonoporus Lönnberg,1892 Ptychobothrium Lönnberg,1889 = Krabbea Blanchard,1894 = Tetragonoporus Skrjabin,1961 P. belones (Dujardin,1845) (™) = Polygonoporus Skrjabin,1967 @ Belone bellone Sweden D. balaenopterae (Lönnberg,1891) (™) = Bothriocephalus balaenopterae Lönnberg,1891 Tetrapapillocephalinae Protasova & (™) Mordvinova,1986 @ Balaenoptera borealis & B. physalus N Norway, Arctic Russia Tetrapapillocephalus Protasova & Mordvinova,1986 (™ T. magnus Protasova & D. fasciatus (Krabbe,1865) Mordvinova,1986 @ Saurida undasquamis - SW @ Phoca hispida Indian Ocean) N Norway D. tetrapterus (von Siebold,1848) Ariola,1896 Echinophallidae Schumacher,1914 = Bothriocephalus tetrapterus von Siebold,1848 = Parabothriocephalidae Yamaguti,1959 = Bothriocephalus variabile Krabbe,1865 = Bothriocephalus elegans Krabbe,1865 @ intestine of e.g. Phoca vitulina @ Cystophora cristata Denmark, N. Europe, Greenland ?

Diphyllobothrium Cobbold,1858 D. schistochilus (Germanos,1895) = Pyramicocephalus Monticelli,1890 = Bothriocephalus schistochilus Germanos,1895 = Dibothriocephalus Lühe,1891 (p.p.) = Bothriocephalus coniceps Linstow,1905 = Lueheella Baer,1924 @ intestine of Phoca vitulina, ?Pagophilus groenlandicus & Erignatus barbatus ; 1:rst D. cordatum (Leuckart,1863) Gedoelst,1949 intermediate host : = Bothriocephalum cordatum Leuckart,1863 unknown ; 2:nd intermediate host : Gadus = D. roemeri (Zschokke,1903) morhua @ e.g. Odobaenus rosmarus & Pagophilus Spitsbergen, Novaja Zemlja, Arctic Russia groenlandica * Zschokke,1904 reported one human infestation D . romeri (Zschokke,1903) from Greenland = Dibothriocephalus romeri Zschokke,1903 Iceland, Spitzbergen, Greenland @ Odobenus rosmarus White Sea, Arctic D. dendriticum (Nitsch,1824) D. macrocephalus (Linstow,1905) D. norvegicum =? Halvorsen,1970 = Dibothriocephalus macrocephalus Linstow,1905 @ gulls (adults); Salmonidae (plerocercoids) @ Erignathus barbatus & Callorhinus ursinus Norway, Baltic North Sea, D. hians (Diesing,1850) D. stemmacephalum Cobbold,1858 (™) Dibothrium hians = Diesing,1850 @ Phocaena phocaena, Globicephala melas Diphyllobothrium polycalceolus = (Ariola,1896) Denmark, North Sea, Faeroes, Firth of Forth, Black Pusa hispida @ e.g. Sea N. Atlantic D. orcini D. latum (Linnaeus,1758) Hatsushika & Shirouzu,1990 Orcinus orca = Taenia lata Linnaeus,1758 @ = Taenia grisea Pallas,1761 Japan = Taenia acephala Vogel,1772 D. phocarum = Taenia membranacea Pallas,1781 (Fabricius,1780) Pyramicocephalus phocarum = Bothriocephalus hominis Lamarck,1816 = (Fabricius,1780) Taenia phocarus = Taenia vertebrata Leuckart,1886 = Fabricius,1780 (™) Alyselminthus lanceolatolobatus = Bothriocephalus balticus Küchermeister,1886 = Zeder,1800 Taenia anthocephala @ a variety of mammals, including e.g. Phocaena = Rudolphi,1810 Alyselminthus phocarus phocaena & Phoca vitulina ; larvae in limnic = de Blainville,1828 Anthobothrium tortum copepods = Linstow,1904 Phoca barbata P. hispida Erignatus barbatus and teleosts; spreading in marine food chain @ , , possibly via salmonids etc. ; 1:rst intermediate host : unknown ; 2:nd Gadus morhua Cosmopolitan intermediate host : liver of , Melanogrammus aeglefinus etc. D. lanceolatum (Krabbe,1865) Iceland, Greenland, Spitsbergen, White Sea, Novaja = Bothriocephalus lanceolatus Krabbe,1865 Zemlja, Barents Sea, N Canada @ intestine of e.g. Phoca hispida, Phocaena phocaena & Erignatus barbatus ; 1:rst intermediate D. yonagoensis Yamane, Kamo, Yazaki, Fukumoto host : & Maejima,1981 unknown ; 2:nd intermediate host : Gadus @ Japanese man, but originally from a marine host morhua Japan Baltic, North Sea, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Greenland, Arctic Ocean LECANICEPHALIDEA Baylis,1920, emend. Wardle & McLeod,1952 D. pterocephalum Delyamure & Skrjabin,1966 Disculicipitidae Joyeux & Baer,1936 Diplobothrium van Beneden,1889 Disculiceps Joyeux & Baer,1936 D. simile van Beneden,1889 D. pileatus (Linton,1890) (™) @ Lamna cornubica = Discocephalum pileatum Linton,1890 Europe @ e.g. Carcharias France Discobothrium van Beneden,1871

Anteroporidae Euzet,1994 D. phallax van Beneden,1871 (™) * Should the spelling be fallax ? Anteropora Subhapradha,1957 @ Raja clavata = Monoporophylleus Shinde & Chincholikar,1977 Belgium

Lecanicephalidae Braun,1900 TETRAPHYLLIDEA Carus,1863 @ Elasmobranchs Cephalobothrium Shipley & Hornell,1906 = Hexacanalis Perrenuod,1931 Scolex O.F. Müller,1781 * Genus inquirenda according to Euzet 1994 * larval forms of unknown adult Tetraphyllids

Eniochobothrium Shipley & Hornell,1906 S. acalephalum M. Sars,1845 @ Bolinopsis infundibulum Flapocephalus Deshmukh,1980 Norway * Genus inquirenda according to Euzet 1994 S. sp. : van Cleave,1927 Hexacanalis Perrenoud,1931 @ Pleurobrachia pileus Woods Hole Lecanicephalum Linton,1890 S. pleuronectis O.F. Müller,1788 Litobothrium Dailey,1969 = S. polymorphus Rudolphi,1819 = S. sp. : de Bavay, in Dollfus,1923 Polypocephalus Braun,1878 @ Alloteuthis subulata, Sagitta elegans, Scomber scombrus Renyxa Kurochkin & Slankis,1973 Engl. Channel, White Sea, Portugal

Tylocephalum Linton,1890 S. pleuronectis unilocularis ?,1??? = Spinocephalum Deshmukh,1980 @ Sepiola atlantica, Eledone cirrhosa Engl. Channel, Mediterranean Balanobothriinae Pintner,1928 S. pleuronectis trilocularis ?,1??? Balanobothrium Hornell,1912 @ Sepiola atlantica @ Indian Ocean elasmobranchs Engl. Channel, Mediterranean

Tetragonocephalidae Yamaguti,1959 S. carcinimaenadis Vaullegeard,1896 @ Carcinus maenas Tetragonocephalum Shipley & Hornell,1905 Engl. Channel

Adelobothriidae Yamaguti,1959 S. paguribernhardi Diesing,1863 @ Pagurus bernhardus & Liocarcinus depurator Adelobothrium Shipley, in Willey,1900 Engl. Channel

? Family? Plerocercoides Neumann,1892 (Genera incertae sedis) * larval forms of unknown adult Tetraphyllids G. planus (Linton,1922) P. aequoreus Wundsch,1912 @ Cetorhinus maximus @ marine copepods Spain ? Marsupiobothrium Yamaguti,1952 P. armatus Wundsch,1912 @ marine copepods Myliobatibothrium Shinde & Mohekar,1983 (™ ? M. alii Shinde & Mohekar,1983 @ Mylobatis nieuhoffii - India) P. portieri Guiart,1935 @ intestine of Phoca sp. Pelichnibothrium Monticelli,1889 Spitsbergen P. speciosum ?,1??? Pseudanthobothrium Baer,1956 @ coecum & stomach of Illex coindeti & Todaropsis @ which family? eblanae NW Spain P. hanseni Baer,1956 @ Raja radiata, cercoid larvae in harpacticoids Phormobothrium Alexander,1963 ? P. affine (Olsson,1867) Phyllobothriidae Braun,1900 @ Raja batis & R. radiata Scandinavia Clistobothrium Dailey & Vogelbein,1990 (™ C. carcharodoni Dailey & Vogelbein,1990 @ Pithophorus Southwell,1925 Carcharodon carcharias - California) Prionacestus Mete & Euzet,1996 (™ P. bipartitus Dinobothrium van Beneden,1889 Mete & Euzet,1996 @ Prionace glauca - SW = Diplobothrium van Beneden,1889, non Indian Ocean) Leuckart,1842 = Reesium Euzet,1955 Rhodobothrium Linton,1889

D. keilini Sproston,1948 R. pulvinatum Linton,1889 @ Carcharhinus glaucus @ e.g. Squalus acanthias English Channel, Hebrides France

D. paciferum (Sproston,1948) Scyphophyllidium Woodland,1927 = Reesium paciferum (Sproston,1948) = Dinobothrium spinosum Baylis,1950 S. giganteum (van Beneden,1858) (™) = Dinobothrium spinulosum Yamaguti,1952 @ Galeus spp. & Raja batis @ Cetorhinus maximus Europe Engl. Channel, Hebrides S. pruvoti (Guiart,1934) D. septaria van Beneden,1889 (™) = Diplobothrium pruvoti Guiart,1934 ?= D. plicitum ?,1??? @ Loligo vulgaris @ e.g. Lamna, Cethorhinus ; plerocercoids France? inTodaropsis eblanae & Illex illcebrosus Sweden, Belgium, France, Spain Shindeiobothrium Jadhav, Shinde & Deshmukh,1981 (™ S. karbharae Jadhav, Shinde D. sp. : Dollfus,1936, etc. & Deshmukh,1981 @ Dasyatis zugei - India) @ Sepia, Illex & Todaropsis NW Spain Sphaerobothrium Euzet,1959

Gastrolecithus Yamaguti,1952 S. lubeti Euzet,1959 = Proboscidosaccus enigmaticus Anthouard, in Dollfus,1974 Ostende, Greenland, Mediterranean @ Myliobatis aquila ; larvae in Mactra solida & Ostrea edulis Orygmatobothrium Diesing,1854 Engl. Channel, Atlantic France * Correct subfamily?

Phyllobothriinae Braun,1900 (de Beauchamp,1905) O. musteli (van Beneden,1850) Diesing,1854 @ Mustelus, Galeus & Scyliorhinus Anthobothrium van Beneden,1850 European Atlantic = Spongiobothrium Linton,1889 * Correct subfamily? O. versatile (Diesing,1854) (™) @ Galeus, Mustelus & Scyliorhinus A. cornucopia van Beneden,1850 (™) Ostende, Triest @ e.g. Galeus, Mustelus, Galeorhinus & Lamna ; also found in Trachurus trachurus O. zschokkei Woodland,1927 Belgium, France @ Mustelus laevis & M. vulgaris ? A. auriculatum (Rudolphi,1819) @ e.g. Squalus, Raja, Squatina & Lamna Paraorygmatobothrium Ruhnke,1994 Atlantic, Mediterranean * Correct subfamily?

Crossobothrium Linton,1889 P. prionacis (Yamaguti,1934) Ruhnke,1994 * Correct subfamily? = Phyllobothrium prionacis Yamaguti,1934 (™) New York C. dohrni (Oerley,1885) Ruhnke,1996 = Orygmatobothrium dohrni Oerley,1885 P. triacis (Yamaguti,1952) Ruhnke,1996 @ e.g. Mustelus vulgaris & Hexanchus griseus; = Phyllobothrium triacis Yamaguti,1952 plerocercoid in Todarodes sagittatus @ e.g. Mustelus & Hexanchus griseus Mediterranean, Porcupine Bank Atlantic

Kowsalyabothrium Muralidhar, Shinde & Phyllobothrium van Beneden,1849 Jadhav,1989 (™ K. indirapriyadarshinii = Anthocephalus Linton,1890 Muralidhar, Shinde & Jadhav,1989 @ Dasyatis = Calypthorobothrium Monticelli,1893 centrura - India) = Bilocularia Obersteiner,1914 * Correct subfamily? @ often with a plerocercoid stage in stomach, caecum and rectum of Cephalopoda Monorygma Diesing,1863 = Stenotaenia Gervais,1870 P. brassica van Beneden,1871 * Correct subfamily? * a nomen nudum @ Spinax acanthias M. chlamydoselachi Lönnberg,1898 Belgium @ Chlamydoselachus anguineus P. delphini Varangerfjord (Bosc,1802) = Hydatis delphini Bosc,1802 M. grimaldii (Moniez,1889) Baylis,1919 = Cysticercus balaenamysticeti Diesing,1850 = Taenia grimaldii Moniez,1889 = Cysticercus physeteris Diesing,1850 @ sharks, probably Scyliorhinus ; reservoir hosts = Phyllobothrium inchoatum Leidy,1891 : abdominal cavity, mesentery & diaphragm @ not known; reservoir hosts : skin & subcutaneous of Delphinus delphis, Lagenorhynchus acutus, fat of e.g. Balaena mysticetus, Mesoplodon Globicephalus melas & Tursiops truncatus bidens, Physeter macrocephalus, Grampus * larval form in cetaceans griseus, Delphinus delphis, Tursiops truncatus & Baltic, Spain, Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean Globocephalus melas * larval form, possibly hiding several species; 6 M. perfectum (van Beneden,1853) (™) types may be discriminated @ Laemargus borealis, Somniosus & Scyliorhinus Mediterranean, Central atlantic, Antarctic, “all regions of the worlds oceans” P. unilaterale Southwell,1925 @ Squatina P. fallax van Beneden,1871 France, British Isles * a nomen nudum @ Spinax acanthias Triloculariinae Yamaguti,1959 Belgium Trilocularia Olsson,1867 P. gracile Wedl,1855 @ e.g. Torpedo, Squatina & Heptanchus T. gracilis Olsson,1867 (™) Europe = T. acanthiaevulgaris Olsson,1867 @ Squalus acanthias P. lactuca van Beneden,1849 (™) * Which of Olssonʼs names has priority? @ Mustelus, Galeus, Lamna, Raja, Squalus, Trygon Scandinavia, Irish Sea etc.; Sepia officinalis Belgium, Engl. Channel Rhinebothriinae Euzet,1953 P. loliginis (Leidy,1887) Caulobothrium Baer,1948 = P. tumidum Linton,1922 = Rhabdotobothrium Euzet,1953 @ Loligo vulgaris, Illex illecebrosus & Todarodes sagittatus & e.g. Carcharodon carcharias Echeneibothrium van Beneden,1850 France, Mediterranean = Rhinebothrium Linton,1889 P. musteli (van Beneden,1850) = Tiarabothrium Shipley & Hornell,1906 @ e.g. Mustelus vulgaris & Carcharhinus * E. sp. found in Scomber scombrus off Portugal Belgium E. canadensis Keeling & Burt,1996 P. pastinaceae Mokhtar, Maamouri & Zamali,1981 @ Raja radiata @ Dasyatis pastinaca Canadian Arctic Mediterranean E. dollfusi (Euzet,1953) P. perfectum (van Beneden,1853) @ Dasyatis pastinaca @ Scimnus glacialis France ? E. gracile Zschokke,1888 P. piriei Williams,1968 @ Raja batis @ Raja naevus Europe? ? E. julievansium Woodland,1927 @ Raja spp. P. pusillus (?,1???) Plymouth, Irish Sea, France = Orygmatobothrium pusillus ?,1??? @ Eledone E. maculatum Woodland,1927 ?Skagerrak-Kattegatt area @ Raja maculata Plymouth P. riggii (Monticelli,1893) @ e.g. Torpedo, Raja & Scyliorhinus canicula E. minimum van Beneden,1850 (™) Mediterranean, Murmansk = E. dubium van Beneden,1858 P. rotundum (Klaptocz,1906) @ e.g. Raja & Trygon @ Hexanchus griseus Belgium, France, Engl. Channel, Iceland Triest E. moucheti Dollfus,1931 P. thridax van Beneden,1850 @ Pagurus spp. @ e.g. Squatina, Trygon, Raja, Mustelus etc. Roscoff Belgium E. variabile van Beneden,1850 @ Raja spp. @ e.g. Raja Belgium, France North Sea, Irish Sea

E. tumidulum (Rudolphi,1819) A. laciniatum Linton,1890 @ Raja spp. @ Prionace glauca Ireland, England, France New York

Tritaphros Lönnberg,1889 A. quadripartitum Williams,1968 * Should possibly be considered as a synonym of @ specific forRaja naevus Echeneibothrium van Beneden,1850 North Sea, Engl. Channel

T. retzii Lönnberg,1889 (™) A. uncinatum (Rudolphi,1819) @ Raja clavata @ e.g. Raja, Mustelus, Trygon & Torpedo Bohuslän France, Irish Sea

Zyxibothrium Hayden & Campbell,1981 (™ Z. A. sp. : Dollfus,1923, 1936 kamienae Hayden & Campbell,1981 @ Raja senta @ Octopus vulgaris - NW Atlantic) Engl. Channel

Onchobothriidae Braun,1900 Calliobothrium van Beneden,1850 = Oncobothriidae Yamaguti,1959 C. eschrichtii (van Beneden,1849) Acanthobothrium van Beneden,1849 @ e.g. Mustelus & Galeus Europe A. benedenii Lönnberg,1889 @ e.g. Raja clavata C. leuckartii van Beneden,1850 Bohuslän, Mediterranean @ Scyliorhinus canicula & Mustelus spp. Belgium, France A. coronatum (Rudolphi,1819) (™) = Scolex pleuronectis O.F. Müller,1781? (larva) C. verticillatum (Rudolphi,1819) van Beneden,1850 (p.p.?) (™) @ e.g. Raja, Mustelus, Torpedo, Scyliorhinus @ e.g. Mustelus, Galeus, Raja, Squatina & Squalus & Squatina ; 1:rst intermediate host : Calanus Belgium, France, England, Canaries finmarchicus ; 2:nd intermediate host: Sardina pilchardus & Ceratobothrium Monticelli,1892 Engraulis encrasicolus = Aocobothrium Mola,1907 Sylt (larvae), Atlantic C. xanthocephalum Monticelli,1892 (™) A. crassicolle Wedl,1855 @ e.g. Lamna cornubica ?= Tetrastoma playfairi (larvae - @ Pleurobrachia Mediterranean pileus & Cydippe densa from Engl. Channel- Mediterr.) Cylindrophorus Diesing,1863 @ e.g. Raja & Trygon pastinaca * A nomen nudum according to Euzet,1994 Europe Onchobothrium de Blainville,1828 A. dujardinii van Beneden,1849 = Oncobothrium : Yamaguti,1959 @ e.g. Raja Belgium, England O. ganfini Mola,1927 @ Scyliorhinus canicula A. filicolle (Zschokke,1887) Mediterranean @ e.g. Raja Roscoff O. lintoni Mola,1927 (emend.) = O. lintonni Mola,1927 A. ijimai Yoshida,1917 @ Scyliorhinus stellaris Mediterranean macrocephalum Rees,1959)

O. pseudouncinatum (Rudolphi,1819) de Echinobothriidae Perrier,1897 Beauchamp,1905 @ Raja, Dasyatis, Trygon, Torpedo & Galeus Echinobothrium van Beneden,1849 Atlantic @ life cycle involving a single intermediate host (a crustacean or a gastropod) Pedibothrium Linton,1909 E. typus van Beneden,1849 (™) Phoreiobothrium Linton,1889 @ Raja spp. & Trygon pastinaca ; larvae in ?Solen & ?Cerastoderma edule Pinguicollum Riser,1955 (™ Onchobothrium Helgoland, Atlantic, Mediterranean pinguicollum Sleggs,1927) * Considered to be a synonym of Acanthobothrium E. benedeni Ruszkowski,1928 van Beneden,1849 by Euzet 1994, but not by Caira @ encysted in rests of Hippolyte varians in stomach & Keeling 1996 contents of Raja spp.

Platybothrium Linton,1880 E. affine Diesing,1863 @ Raja spp., Carcharias & Rhynchobatus P. auriculatum Yamaguti,1952 France @ Prionace glauca New York, Japan E. brachysoma Pintner,1889 @ Raja batis Spinibiloculus Deshmukh & Shinde,1980 (™ Triest S. ratnagiriensis Deshmukh & Shinde,1980 @ Ginglymostoma concolor India) E. mathiasi Euzet,1951 @ Leiobatus aquila Spiniloculus Southwell,1925 France E. musteli Pintner,1889 Uncibilocularis Southwell,1925 ?= E. laevicolle Lespès,1857 @ Mustelus laevis & M. plebejus. Larvae encysted Yorkeria Southwell,1927 in liver of ?Hinia reticulata Triest, Arcachon Thysanocephalinae Euzet,1953 E. hardfordi McVicar,1976 Myzocephalus Shipley & Hornell,1906 @ Raja naevus = Myxophyllobothrium Shinde & Chincholikar,1981 North Sea, Engl. Channel * Correct subfamily? Macrobothridiidae Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1989 Thysanocephalum Linton,1889 Macrobothridium Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1989 (™ DIOECOTAENIIDEA Schmidt,1986 M. rhynchobathi Khalil & Abdul-Salam,1989 @ Rhynchobatus granulatus - Persian Gulf) Dioecotaeniidae Schmidt,1969 ICHTHYOTAENIIDEA Dioecotaenia Schmidt,1969 (™ D. cancellata = PROTEOCEPHALIDEA Mola,1928 (Linton,1890) @ Rhinoptera bonasus - NW Atlantic) Ichthyotaeniidae Ariola,1899 = Proteocephalidae La Rue,1911 DIPHYLLIDEA van Beneden, in Carus,1863 = Monticellidae ?,19?? @ Chiefly in fresh water hosts. Ditrachybothridiidae ?,19?? Ichthyotaenia Lönnberg,1894 (™ Ichthyotaenia Ditrachybothridium Rees,1959 (™ D. percae (Müller,1780)) = Proteocephalus Weinland,1858, non de S. triangularis (Diesing,1850) Baer,1932 Blainville,1828 = Tetrabothrium triangulare Diesing,1850 (™) * Highly host-specific. Life cycle involving a single = Prosthecocotyle triangulare (Diesing,1850) intermediate host, usually a copepod. Fuhrmann,1899 = Tetrabothrius triangularis (Diesing,1850) I. macrocephalus (Creplin,1825) Fuhrmann,1904 @ Anguilla anguilla @ rectum of Steno bredanensis . Kieler Bucht estuary Lisboa, Brazil

Prosobothrium Cohn,1902 Tetrabothrius Rudolphi,1819 (™ Tetrabothrius = Cyatocotyle Mola,1908 macrocephalum (Rudolphi,1810)) = Lintoniella Woodland,1927 = Tetrabothris Berthold, in Latreille,1827 = Tetrabothrium Blainville,1828 P. armigerum Cohn,1902 (™) = Amphoterocotyle Diesing,1863 @ e.g. Squalus, Prionace & Zygaena = Eutetrabothrium Diesing,1854 Atlantic, Mediterranean = Prosthecocotyle Monticelli,1892 = Bothridiotaenia Lönnberg,1896 CYCLOPHYLLIDEA Braun,1900 = Diplobothrium Lönnberg,1891, non van Beneden,1889 Tetrabothriidae Linton,1891 = Oriana Leiper & Atkinson,1914 @ Cetacea, seals & marine birds = Chaetophallus Nybelin,1916 = Porotaenia Szpotanska,1917 Anophryocephalus Baylis,1922 = Neotetrabothrius Nybelin,1929 = Trigonocotyle Guiart,1935, non Baer,1932 A. arcticensis Hoberg & Measures,1995 = Paratetrabothrius Yamaguti,1940 (p.p.) @ Phoca groenlandica & Phoca hispida Arctic Canada T. affinis (Lönnberg,1891) Lönnberg,1892 = Diplobothrium affine Lönnberg,1891 A. inuitorum Hoberg & Measures,1995 = Oriana wilsoni Leiper & Atkinson,1914 @ Phoca groenlandica & Phoca hispida = Tetrabothrius wilsoni (Leiper & Atkinson,1914) Arctic Canada Baylis,1926 @ Balaenoptera spp. & Physeter catodon A. skrjabini ??,19?? off Norway, S Atlantic, Antarctic, Pacific @ phocid pinnipeds * Not mentioned in Baers revision of 1954, but T. anophrys (Baylis,1922) Baer,1954 described prior to 1980. = Anophryocephalus anophrys Baylis,1922 (™ of Arctic waters Anophryocephalus Baylis,1922) = Tetrabothrium albertinii Brighety,1931 Priapocephalus Nybelin,1922 @ intestine of Phoca ?vitulina or P. ?hispida Iceland, Spitsbergen P. grandis Nybelin,1922 (™) @ intestine of Balaenoptera musculus, B. borealis T. forsteri (Krefft,1871) Fuhrmann,1904 & Physeter catodon = Taenia forsteri Krefft,1871 France = Prosthecocotyle forsteri (Krefft,1871) Monticelli,1892 P. minor Nybelin,1928 = Prosthecocotyla diplosoma Guiart,1935 @ small intestine of Balaenoptera borealis & B. = Prosthecocotyla pachysoma Guiart,1935 physalis = Trigonocotyle lintoni Guiart,1935 Sweden, W Norway, France = Tetrabothrius delphini Yamaguti,1942 = Tetrabothrius dalli Yamaguti,1951 Strobilocephalus Baer,1932 @ e.g. Delphinus delphis, Delphinus capensis, = Tetrabothrius Rudolphi,1819 (p.p.) Globicephala melaena, Phocanema dallii, = Prosthecocotyle Monticelli,1892 (p.p.) ?Hyperoodon ampullatus & ?Mesoplodon bidens Mediterranean @ Puffinus griseus ? T. ruudi Nybelin,1928 @ Balaenoptera physalis T. procerus Spätlich,1909 W Norway, France, Ross Sea = Tetrabothrus heteroclitus : Linton,1927, non Diesing,1850 T. innominatus Baer,1954 @ Puffinus spp. & Fulmarus glacialis = T. forsteri Baer,1932, non (Krefft,1871) ? @ Steno bredanensis ? T. minor (Lönnberg,1893) = Bothriotaenia erostis var. minor Lönnberg,1893 T. immerianus (Abildgaard,1790) (™) = Tetrabothrius monticellii (Fuhrmann,1899) = Taenia immeriana Abildgaard,1790 = Tetrabothrius strangulatus Baylis,1914 = Tetrabothrius macrocephalus (Rudolphi,1810) = Tetrabothrius minutus Szpotanska,1917 = Tetrabothrius juncaeus (Baird,1862) @ Fulmarus glacialis, Thalassoica antarctica & = Tetrabothrius arcticus von Linstow,1901 Diomedea irrorata = Tetrabothrius lobatus (von Linstow,1905) ? = Tetrabothrius perfidus Joyeux & Baer,1934 = Tetrabothrius rostratula Yamaguti,1940 Trigonocotyle Baer,1932 = Paratetrabothrius orientalis Yamaguti,1940 = Prosthecocotyle Monticelli,1891 (p.p.) (p.p.) @ Gavia spp., Colymbus spp., ?Somateria T. globicephalae Baer,1954 (™) molissima & ?Rostratula benghalensis = Prosthecocotyle monticellii Linton,1923, non ? Fuhrmann,1899 = Trigonocotyle monticellii (Linton,1923) T. cylindraceus (Rudolphi,1819) Baer,1932 @ Larus spp., Rissa tridactyla, Xema sabini, Sterna = Trigonocotyle lintoni Yamaguti,1942, non hirundo & Thalasseus maximus Guiart,1935 ? @ intestine of Globicephala melaena & G. macrorhyncha T. erostris (Lönnberg,1899) Mediterranean, Atlantic, Pacific = Tetrabothrius cylindraceus Linton,1927, non (Rudolphi,1819) Davaineidae Braun,1900 = Tetrabothrius lari Yamaguti,1935 @ Larus spp., Rissa tridactyla, Sterna spp., Ophryocotylinae Fuhrmann,1907 Stercorarius spp. ? Ophryocotyle Friis,1869 (™ Ophryocotyle proteus Friis,1869) T. jaegerskioeldi Nybelin,1916 = Tetrabothrius intrepidus Baylis,1919 O. insignis Lönnberg,1890 @ Cepphus grylle, Alca torda & Uria aalge @ oystercatcher; cysticercoid larvae in Patella ? vulgata ?Sweden, British Isles T. sarasini Fuhrmann,1918 = Tetrabothrius cylindraceus Szpotanska,1929, non ****************************************** (Rudolphi,12819) ************************************ @ Thalasseus bergii & Sterna paradisea ? Three groups, with uncertain relations to those in the scheme above are treated here: T. heterosoma (Baird,1853) @ Morus bassanus HAPLOPHARYNGIDA Karling,1974 ? Haplopharyngidae Karling,1965 T. skoogi Nybelin,1916 Haplopharynx Meixner,1938 = Prolecithoplana lutheri Karling,1940 Baltic, Gullmarn, Sylt, Amrum, Plymouth, H. rostratus Meixner,1938 (™ - Kieler Bucht) Cullercoats, S France SW. Baltic, Bohuslän, Bergen, Sylt Cylindrostomidae Reisinger,1924 LECITHOEPITELIATA Reisinger,1924 * Gremigni,1988, consider the group to belong Allostoma van Beneden,1861 within the Neoophora. A. discors (Levinsen,1879) GNOSONESIMINA Karling,19?? = Cylindrostoma discors Levinsen,1879 W Greenland Gnosonesimidae Reisinger,1926 A. durum Fuhrmann,1896 Gnosonesima Reisinger,1926 (™ G. antarctica @ Electra pilosa, which are eaten by the species Reisinger,1926 - Antarctic) Gullmarn, Tjärnö, Bergen, Plymouth, Isle of Man, = Gnosonesimila Westblad,1952 Mediterranean A. oerstedi (Levinsen,1879) G. borealis (Westblad,1952) = Cylindrostoma oerstedi Levinsen,1879 = Gnosonesimila borealis Westblad,1952 (™ of W Greenland Gnosonesimila Westblad,1952) Skagerrak (W of Lysekil), in ca 360 m A. pallidum (von Beneden,1860) = Vortex pallidus van Beneden, 1860 G. brattstroemi Karling,1968 = Cylindrostoma album Levinsen,1879 Bergen = Allostoma album Levinsen,1879 G. reisingeri Karling,1968 Gullmar Area?, Millport, Plymouth, Greenland (Disco) A. neostiliferum Karling,1993 G. sp. Karling,1968 Hållö - shell sand in 8 m, Bergen Bergen A. uterinum (Westblad, 1952) Karling, 1993 PRORHYNCHINA Karling,19?? = Enterostomula uterina Westblad, 1952 NE Atlantic Prorhynchidae Diesing,1862 * only terrestrial & limnic taxa Cylindrostoma Örsted,1845 = Pseudostomum Schmidt,1848 (p.p.) PROLECITHOPHORA Karling,1940 C. elongatum Levinsen,1879 * Ehlers,1988, consider, with some hesitation, Engl. Channel, W Greenland this group as monophyletic and Ax, 1987, “with reasonable C. fingalianum (Claparède,1861) certainty” to belong somewhere among the = Enterostomum fingalianum Claparède,1861 Neoophora, without being able to determine their Gullmarn, Bergen, Plymouth, Cullercoats, Isle of adelphotaxon. Skye, White Sea

COMBINATA Karling,1940 C. gracilis Westblad, 1955 * Norén & Jondelius 1999 found the subdivision Gullmarn, Bergen of Prolecithophora into Separata and Combinata unnatural. C. lutheri (Westblad,1955) Karling, 1993 Bergen Protomonotresidae Reisinger,1924 C. paralutheri Karling,1993 Archimonotresis Meixner,1938 Gullmarfjord area (Flatholmen), Tjärnö, Bergen

A. limophila Meixner,1938 C. monotrochum (von Graff,1882) Plymouth, Salcombe, ?Bergen, Adriatic, Black Sea G. anocelis Westblad,1955 C. longifilum (Jensen,1878) Gullmarn = Cylindrostomum longifilum Jensen,1878 * Is this a synonym of another species? Reisingeria Westblad,1955 Bergen R. hexoculata Westblad,1955 C. tubiferum Westblad, 1955 Gullmarn, the bay outside the Tjärnö Laboratory in a Bergen few meters depth, Iceland

Einarhelmins Karling,1993 Enterostomum Claparède,1861 * Correct family? Not mentioned by Cannon,1986 E. stilifera (Westblad,1955) Karling,1993 = Monoophorum stiliferum Westblad,1955 (™) E. flavibacillum Jensen,1878 Swedish westcoast, Bergen, Plymouth area Bergen, Concarneau, W Greenland

Enterostomula Reisinger, 1926 Euxinia Graff,1911 (™ Euxinia corniculata Graff,1911 - Black Sea) E. austriacum (von Graff, 1882) = Allostoma austriacum (von Graff,1882) E. baltica Meixner,1938 Ireland Kieler Bucht in shell sand down to 18 m depth, Kristineberg area, Håkonsund (Skagerrak), Bergen E. graffi (de Beauchamp, 1913) = Allostoma graffi (de Beauchamp,1913) Graffia Levinsen,1879 French Atlantic Coast * Correct family? Not mentioned by Cannon,1986. Evidently considered as incertae sedis now. Euximia von Graff,1911 G. capitata Levinsen,1879 E. corniculata von Graff,1911 W Greenland Bohuslän, Black Sea Pseudostomum Schmidt,1848 E. baltica Meixner,1938 = Rusalka Uljanin, 1870 Baltic P. arenarium Meixner,1938 Monoophorum Böhmig,1891 Gullmarn, Bergen, Plymouth, HelgolandLevinsen, 1879 M. tubiferum (Westblad,1955) Karling,1993 = Cytlindrostoma sp. (C. tubiferum n.sp.?) P. gracilis Westblad,1955 Westblad,1955 Gullmar Area, Bergen, Belgium Gullmarfjord area (Bonden - in shell sand), Bergen P. klostermanni (von Graff,1874) M. elongatum (Gamble,1893) = Turbella klostermanni von Graff,1874 = Cylindrostoma elongattum Gamble,1893, ?non = Pseudostomum inerme (Hallez,1879) Levinsen,1879 * yellowish Wembury Bay tide pools Gullmarn, Bergen, Plymouth

M. striatum (von Graff,1878) P. quadrioculatum (Frey & Leuckart,1847) = Opistomum striatum von Graff, 1878 = Vortex quadrioculata Frey & Leuckart,1847 Britain (Duke Rock), Calais, Roscoff, Mediterranean * colourless Gullmarn, Tjärnö, Sylt, Bergen, Ireland, Faeroes, Pseudostomidae von Graff,1908 Barents Sea, W Greenland, Engl. Channel, Mediterranean, Black Sea Gonostomula Westblad,1955 Ulianinidae Karling, 1963 other bivalves, e.g. Mytilus in arctic areas Ulianinia Levinsen,1879 W. Norway, Bohuslän, Baltic, Helgoland, White Sea, Barents Sea, Mediterranean, Black Sea U. contractilis (Meixner,1938) = Gastropharynx contractilis Meixner, 1938 SEPARATA Reisinger,1924 Kieler Bucht * Norén & Jondelius 1999 found the division of Prolecithophora into Separata and Combinata U. mollissima Levinsen,1879 unnatural. = Plagiostomula vivipara Westblad,1956 = Gastropharynx limophilus Riedl, 1956 Plagiostomidae von Graff,1882 * containing cleptocnids Gullmarn, Koster Channel, Dröbak, Bergen, Acmostomum Schmarda,1859 Tromsö, Plymouth, Millport, Newcastle, W Greenland A. dioicum (Mecznikow,1865) = Plagiostomum dioicum : Auctt. U. westbladi Karling,1963 = Acmostomum sarsii (Jensen, 1878) * containing cleptocnids Gullmarn, Tjärnö, Dröbak, Bergen, Trondheim, Dröbak, Trondheim Millport, Plymouth, Ireland

Genostomatidae von Graff, 1903 Plagiostomum Schmidt,1852 = Hypotrichinidae Karling,1940 = Vorticeros Schmidt, 1852 * This taxon should probably be moved to = Plicastoma von Graff, 1908 Dalyellioina. = Proporoplana Reisinger, 1935

Genostoma Dörler,1900 P. album Hyman,1938 = Hypotrichina : Auctt., non Calandruccio,1897 = P. cinctum Meixner,1938 Gullmarn, Koster, Dröbak, Bergen, Millport, G. marsiliensis (Calandruccio, 1897) Plymouth = Hypotrichina marsiliensis Calandruccio, 1897 @ gill cavity parasites in Nebalia P. anocelis Brandtner,1934 ? W Greenland

G. tergestina (Calandruccio, 1897) P. brandtneri Westblad, 1956 Hypotrichina tergestina Calandruccio, 1897 = P. anocelis : Westblad, 1956, non Brandtner, 1934 @ gill cavity parasites in Nebalia ?Gullmarn, ?Trondheim ? P. caudatum (Levinsen,1879) Scleraulophoridae Marcus,1950 = Haploophorum caudatum Levinsen, 1879 = Plagiostomum oyense de Beauchamp,1921 Scleraulophorus Karling,1940 @ cleaning symbiont of the isopod Idothea neglecta. Plymouth, Ireland, W Greenland S. cephalatus Karling,1940 Bergen P. chinoecetis Brandtner,1934 @ Chionoecetis opilio Urastomidae Marcus,1951 W Greenland * Ehlers,1988, believes that this family belongs among the Rhabdocoela. Its natural position is likely P. elongatum Gamble,1893 in the vicinity of Fecampiidae. Ireland

Urastoma Dörler,1900 P. filicauda Westblad,1956 Bergen, Scotland, Adriatic U. cyprinae (von Graff, 1882) = Acmostomum cyprinae von Graff, 1882 P. girardi (O. Schmidt,1857) sensu Westblad 1956 @ on gills of Arctica islandica ; may be found in = Vortex girardi O. Schmidt, 1857 Gullmarn, Koster area, Plymouth, Port Erin, P. vittatum (Frey & Leuckart,1847) Roscoff, Mediterranean = P. boreale Schmidt, 1852 Gullmarn, Koster, Dröbak, Bergen, Tromsö, P. girardi (O. Schmidt, 1857) groenlandica Plymouth, Port Erin, Millport, Faeroes Brandtner, 1934 = Acmostomum groenlandicum Levinsen, 1879 P. whitmani von Graff,1911 W Greenland = Alloeopharynx makropharynx Steinböck, 1932 = Plagiostoma (Alloeopharynx) makropharynx P. koreni Jensen,1878 Brandtner,1934 = P. arcticum Brandtner, 1934 Plymouth, W Greenland Gullmarn, Bergen, Plymouth, Port Erin, Millport, W Greenland P. bimaculatum von Graff,1882 ? P. lemani Forel & DuPlessis,1874 * Fresh water species, tolerating brackish P. cuticulata Brandtner,1934 oligohaline water (< 8 ppt S) = Plicastoma cuticulata (Brandtner, 1934) Finnish Baltic, Stockholm area, Karlskrona, Ireland, = Brachyposthia cuticulata Brandner : continental rivers & lakes Steinböck,1932 (nomen nudum) * Kulinich 1980 separeted two subspecies of this P. makroposthia Brandtner,1934 species: P. cuticulata cuticulata and P. cuticulata W Greenland scandinavica (Westblad, 1956). In the same paper Plagiostomum brandtneri Kulinich,1980 was P. nostrum Westblad,1956 described, without reference to type locality. Gullmarn, Dröbak Gullmarn, Dröbak, Skagerrak, Millport, W Greenland P. ochroleucum von Graff,1882 Gullmarn, Skagerrak, Bergen, Tromsö, Plymouth, P. jenseni (Reisinger, 1935) Roscoff, Millport = Plicastoma jenseni (Reisinger, 1935) P. parasitorum Brandtner,1934 = Proporoplana jenseni Reisinger,1926 W Greenland Greenland (Fortune Bay) in 180m

P. petrophilum Brandtner,1934 P. karlingi (L. Ya. Kulinich,1970) W Greenland = Plicastoma norvegicum Karling, 1940 (n. nud.) * on sublittoral shell sand P. porsildi Brandtner,1934 Koster area, Bergen, Dröbak, Trondheim W Greenland P. auriculatum (O.F. Müller,1777) P. pseudomaculatum Gamble,1893 = Planaria auriculatum O.F. Müller, 1777 Ireland = Vorticeros auriculatum (O.F. Müller, 1777) Gullmarn, Koster Area, Bergen, Helgoland, Ireland, P. sagitta (Uljanin,1870) Engl. Channel, Port Erin = Vortex sagitta Uljanin, 1870 Ireland P. luteum (Hallez,1879) = Vorticeros luteum Hallez, 1879 P. siphonophorum (O. Schmidt,1852) Engl. Channel = P. chromogastrum Graff, 1913 Ireland Torgeidae Jondelius, 1997

P. striatum Westblad,1956 Gullmarn, Dröbak, Plymouth

P. sulphureum von Graff,1882 Ireland