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U.S. Support for UN Peacekeeping
UU..SS.. SSuupp ppoorrtt ffoorr UUNN PPeeaacc eekkeeeeppiinngg AArreeaass ffoorr AAddddiittiioonn aall DDOODD AAssssiissttaannccee Nancy Soderberg Center for Technology and National Security Policy National Defense University September 2007 The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the National Defense University, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. All information and sources for this paper were drawn from unclassified materials. Ambassador Nancy Soderberg is an author, public commentator, and Visiting Distinguished Scholar at the University of North Florida. From 2001–2005, she served as Vice President for Multilateral Affairs of the International Crisis Group in New York, a non-profit conflict prevention organization. She served in the White House as the third-ranked official on the National Security Council (1993–1996) and as Alternate Representative to the United Nations (1997–2001), with the rank of Ambassador. Prior to joining the Administration, she served as Senior Foreign Policy Advisor to Senator Edward M. Kennedy. She has been active in national politics over the last twenty years, serving in a variety of positions on the campaigns of the Democratic nominee for President. Her first book, The Superpower Myth: The Use and Misuse of American Might, was published in March 2005. Her forthcoming book, Power and Prosperity: A Better Way to Spread American Values, is due out in 2007. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, a member of the Board of Concern Worldwide, and serves on the advisory board of the National Committee on American Foreign Policy and the Tannenbaum Center. -
Amicus Brief
No. 19-1392 In the Supreme Court of the United States THOMAS E. DOBBS, STATE HEALTH OFFICER OF THE MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, ET AL., PETITIONERS v. JACKSON WOMEN’S HEALTH ORGANIZATION, ET AL. ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT BRIEF FOR THE STATES OF TEXAS, ALABAMA, ALASKA, ARIZONA, ARKANSAS, FLORIDA, GEORGIA, IDAHO, INDIANA, KANSAS, KENTUCKY, LOUISIANA, MISSOURI, MONTANA, NEBRASKA, NORTH DAKOTA, OHIO, OKLAHOMA, SOUTH CAROLINA, SOUTH DAKOTA, TENNESSEE, UTAH, WEST VIRGINIA, AND WYOMING AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONERS KEN PAXTON JUDD E. STONE II Attorney General of Texas Solicitor General Counsel of Record BRENT WEBSTER First Assistant Attorney KYLE D. HIGHFUL General BETH KLUSMANN Assistant Solicitors General OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL P.O. Box 12548 (MC 059) Austin, Texas 78711-2548 [email protected] (512) 936-1700 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of authorities ....................................................... II Interest of amici curiae ................................................. 1 Introduction and summary of argument ...................... 2 Argument ........................................................................ 3 I. The Court’s erroneous and constantly changing abortion precedent does not warrant stare decisis deference. ............................................... 3 A. Roe and Casey created and preserved a nonexistent constitutional right. ................. 4 1. The Constitution does not include a right to elective abortion. ....................... 5 2. There is no right to elective abortion in the Nation’s history and tradition. ........ 7 B. The Court continues to change the constitutional test. .......................................10 1. Roe created the trimester test. .............10 2. Casey rejected the trimester test in favor of the undue-burden test. ............11 3. Whole Woman’s Health may have introduced a benefits/burdens balancing test. -
August 25, 2021 the Honorable Merrick Garland Attorney General
MARK BRNOVICH DAVE YOST ARIZONA ATTORNEY GENERAL OHIO ATTORNEY GENERAL August 25, 2021 The Honorable Merrick Garland Attorney General 950 Pennsylvania Ave NW Washington, DC 20530-0001 Re: Constitutionality of Illegal Reentry Criminal Statute, 8 U.S.C. § 1326 Dear Attorney General Garland, We, the undersigned attorneys general, write as chief legal officers of our States to inquire about your intent to appeal the decision in United States v. Carrillo-Lopez, No. 3:20-cr- 00026-MMD-WGC, ECF. 60 (D. Nev. Aug. 18, 2021). As you know, in that decision, Chief Judge Du found unconstitutional 8 U.S.C. § 1326, the statute that criminalizes the illegal reentry of previously removed aliens. We appreciate that you recently filed a notice of appeal, preserving your ability to defend the law on appeal. We now urge you to follow through by defending the law before the Ninth Circuit and (if necessary) the Supreme Court. We ask that you confirm expeditiously DOJ’s intent to do so. Alternatively, if you do not intend to seek reversal of that decision and instead decide to cease prosecutions for illegal reentry in some or all of the country, we ask that you let us know, in writing, so that the undersigned can take appropriate action. Section 1326, as part of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, is unremarkable in that it requires all aliens—no matter their race or country of origin—to enter the country lawfully. In finding the law racially discriminatory against “Latinx persons,” Chief Judge Du made some truly astounding claims, especially considering that, under the Immigration and Nationality Act, Mexico has more legal permanent residents in the United States, by far, than any other country.1 Chief Judge Du determined that, because most illegal reentrants at the border are from Mexico, the law has an impermissible “disparate impact” on Mexicans. -
A Problem of Mixed Motives: the Responsibility to Protect in Syria Husain A
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Law School Student Scholarship Seton Hall Law 2012 A Problem of Mixed Motives: The Responsibility to Protect in Syria Husain A. Gatlin Seton Hall Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Gatlin, Husain A., "A Problem of Mixed Motives: The Responsibility to Protect in Syria" (2012). Law School Student Scholarship. 20. https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship/20 A PROBLEM OF MIXED MOTIVES: THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT IN SYRIA Husain A. Gatlin1 INTRODUCTION Diplomatic measures have repeatedly failed to prevent sovereign States from committing genocide or systematic killings, at a time when intervention is needed the most. At the same time, decisive military intervention has proven effective in curtailing the escalation of crimes against humanity. Throughout the world, from Cambodia to Bosnia to Libya, the international community has intervened with military force to prevent and respond to mass atrocities against civilians. Thus, the legitimacy of military action to address humanitarian crises remains an integral part of the discourse for the international community.2 In Syria, massive human rights violations have been committed and continue as President Bashar al-Assad uses state-sponsored military action to murder protestors and opposition forces alike. Under the Responsibility to Protect (“R2P”), the international community formally accepted its responsibility to protect populations from genocide, mass killings, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity. Military action based on the R2P principle is an operative solution for the United Nations and its Member States to honor their duty to prevent and to protect Syrian citizens who are presently under attack by the Assad regime. -
Document Future Danger (Including Past Violence Where the Same Regime Prohibited Their Right to Self-Defense), the Regime Fails Muster Under Any Level of Scrutiny
No. 20-843 In the Supreme Court of the United States NEW YORK STATE RIFLE & PISTOL ASSOCIATION, INC., ET AL., Petitioners, v. KEVIN P. BRUEN, IN HIS OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS SUPERINTENDENT OF NEW YORK STATE POLICE, ET AL., Respondents. On Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit BRIEF OF ARIZONA, MISSOURI, ALABAMA, ALASKA, ARKANSAS, FLORIDA, GEORGIA, IDAHO, INDIANA, KANSAS, KENTUCKY, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI, MONTANA, NEBRASKA, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NORTH DAKOTA, OHIO, OKLAHOMA, SOUTH CAROLINA, SOUTH DAKOTA, TENNESSEE, TEXAS, UTAH, WEST VIRGINIA, AND WYOMING AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONERS MARK BRNOVICH ERIC S. SCHMITT Arizona Attorney Missouri Attorney General General JOSEPH A. KANEFIELD D. JOHN SAUER Chief Deputy Solicitor General BRUNN W. ROYSDEN III JEFF JOHNSON Solicitor General Deputy Solicitor General DREW C. ENSIGN Deputy Solicitor General OFFICE OF THE MISSOURI Counsel of Record ATTORNEY GENERAL ANTHONY R. NAPOLITANO Supreme Court Building Assistant Attorney General 207 West High Street OFFICE OF THE ARIZONA P.O. Box 899 ATTORNEY GENERAL Jefferson City, MO 65102 2005 N. Central Ave. (573) 751-3321 Phoenix, AZ 85004 [email protected] (602) 542-5025 [email protected] Counsel for Amici Curiae (Additional Counsel listed on inside cover) Additional Counsel STEVE MARSHALL DANIEL CAMERON Attorney General Attorney General of Alabama of Kentucky TREG TAYLOR JEFF LANDRY Attorney General Attorney General of Alaska of Louisiana LESLIE RUTLEDGE LYNN FITCH Attorney General Attorney General of Arkansas of Mississippi ASHLEY MOODY AUSTIN KNUDSEN Attorney General Attorney General of Florida of Montana CHRISTOPHER M. CARR DOUGLAS J. PETERSON Attorney General Attorney General of Georgia of Nebraska LAWRENCE G. -
Latest from the Constitution Project
TCP Journal FEBRUARY 2011 On My Mind: Monthly Message from TCP President Constitutional Principles Focus Virginia Sloan of New Interview We at The Constitution Project (TCP) are proud of the work we do here in Every month we showcase a videotaped Washington, DC, to promote the rule of law and criminal justice reform to interview on our website with a national our nation's leaders. But we also dedicate significant resources to work leader of reform on criminal justice or rule of beyond Washington —educating the vast majority of policymakers and the law issues. This month, Stanford law public who do not work at the White House or on Capitol Hill about some of professor and TCP Board Member Mariano- the most important constitutional issues of our time. This month's Florentino Cuellar shares his insights on newsletter gives you a glimpse of some of those ongoing outreach efforts. the importance of American constitutional principles, both at home and abroad. Mr. In February alone, we will travel to New York City for a discussion about the Cuellar served in the Clinton administration future of Guantanamo; co-host a public education event about material and most recently as a special assistant to support laws and the Constitution; and co-sponsor a briefing for Hill staff President Obama on criminal justice and on the importance of Congress' constitutional obligation to conduct regulatory issues. View previous interviews meaningful oversight. Just last week, I participated in a Justice Department with Stephen Hanlon, Judge William S. symposium examining international perspectives on indigent defense. The Sessions and Julie Stewart. -
January 12, 2021 the Honorable Jeffrey A. Rosen Acting Attorney
January 12, 2021 The Honorable Jeffrey A. Rosen Acting Attorney General U.S. Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20530 Dear Acting Attorney General Rosen: We, the undersigned state attorneys general, are committed to the protection of public safety, the rule of law, and the U.S. Constitution. We are appalled that on January 6, 2021, rioters invaded the U.S. Capitol, defaced the building, and engaged in a range of criminal conduct—including unlawful entry, theft, destruction of U.S. government property, and assault. Worst of all, the riot resulted in the deaths of individuals, including a U.S. Capitol Police officer, and others were physically injured. Beyond these harms, the rioters’ actions temporarily paused government business of the most sacred sort in our system—certifying the result of a presidential election. We all just witnessed a very dark day in America. The events of January 6 represent a direct, physical challenge to the rule of law and our democratic republic itself. Together, we will continue to do our part to repair the damage done to institutions and build a more perfect union. As Americans, and those charged with enforcing the law, we must come together to condemn lawless violence, making clear that such actions will not be allowed to go unchecked. Thank you for your consideration of and work on this crucial priority. Sincerely Phil Weiser Karl A. Racine Colorado Attorney General District of Columbia Attorney General Lawrence Wasden Douglas Peterson Idaho Attorney General Nebraska Attorney General Steve Marshall Clyde “Ed” Sniffen, Jr. Alabama Attorney General Acting Alaska Attorney General Mark Brnovich Leslie Rutledge Arizona Attorney General Arkansas Attorney General Xavier Becerra William Tong California Attorney General Connecticut Attorney General Kathleen Jennings Ashley Moody Delaware Attorney General Florida Attorney General Christopher M. -
Hawaii Continues Fight to Protect the Affordable Care Act
DEPARTMENT OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL DAVID Y. IGE GOVERNOR CLARE E. CONNORS ATTORNEY GENERAL For Immediate Release News Release 2019-26 May 23, 2019 Hawaii Continues Fight to Protect the Affordable Care Act Attorney General Joins Coalition of 21 Attorneys General Challenging Plaintiffs’ Lack of Standing in Texas v. US HONOLULU – Attorney General Clare E. Connors, joined a coalition led by Attorney General Becerra of 20 states and the District of Columbia, in filing a response in Texas v. U.S., defending the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and the healthcare of tens of millions of Americans. The brief, filed in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit on Wednesday, argues that every provision of the ACA remains valid. It further argues that the position taken by the Trump Administration and the Texas-led coalition is legally incorrect and dangerous to our healthcare system. "This is another important step in our ongoing efforts to ensure affordable health care for Hawaii residents and millions of other Americans," Attorney General Connors said. The plaintiffs, two individuals and 18 States led by Texas, filed this lawsuit in February 2018, challenging one provision of the Affordable Care Act—the requirement that individuals maintain health insurance or pay a tax. Texas’ lawsuit came after Congress reduced that tax to zero dollars in December 2017. Opponents of the ACA had attempted and failed to repeal the ACA over 70 times since its instatement. The plaintiffs argued that this reduction in the tax made the minimum coverage provision unconstitutional. They further argued that this provision could not be “severed” from the rest of the ACA, meaning that the entire Act must be struck down. -
Letter of Notification of Presidential Records Release (Clinton)
VIA EMAIL (LM 2015-062) June 24, 2015 The Honorable W. Neil Eggleston Counsel to the President The White House Washington, D.C. 20502 Dear Mr. Eggleston: In accordance with the requirements of the Presidential Records Act (PRA), as amended, 44 U.S.C. §§2201-2209, this letter constitutes a formal notice from the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) to the incumbent President of our intent to open Clinton Presidential records in response to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and Mandatory Review (MDR) requests listed in Attachment A. This material, consisting of 1,480 pages, was previously restricted from release under 5 U.S.C. §552(b)(1). In accordance with sections 3.4 and 3.5 of Executive Order 13526, archivists at the William J. Clinton Library returned copies of these documents to the originating and/or equity agencies for a classification review. These documents have subsequently been declassified in whole or in part by those agencies. Because these records do not require closure under any applicable FOIA exemptions, NARA is proposing to open 1,480 pages in whole or part. A copy of any records proposed for release under this notice will be provided to you upon your request We are also concurrently informing former President Clinton’s representative, Bruce Lindsey, of our intent to release these records. Pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 2208(a), NARA will release the records 60 working days from the date of this letter, which is September 18, 2015, unless the former or incumbent President requests a one-time extension of an additional 30 working days or asserts a constitutionally based privilege, in accordance with 44 U.S.C. -
July 12, 2021 VIA EMAIL Director, Office of Public Records 107 West
July 12, 2021 VIA EMAIL Director, Office of Public Records 107 West Gaines Street, Suite 228 Tallahassee, FL 32399-1050 [email protected] Re: Public Records Request Dear Public Records Officer: Pursuant to Article I, section 24(a), of the Florida Constitution, and Florida’s public records laws, as codified at Fla. Stat. Chapter 119, American Oversight makes the following request for records. Requested Records American Oversight requests that the Florida Office of the Attorney General promptly produce the following: 1. All email communications (including emails, email attachments, complete email chains, and calendar invitations) between (a) Attorney General Ashley Moody, or anyone communicating on Moody’s behalf, such as a chief of staff, scheduler, or assistant, and (b) the former U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) officials listed below: DOJ Officials a. Deputy Associate Attorney General Brian Pandya b. Deputy Assistant Attorney General Daniel Feith c. Associate Deputy Attorney General Christopher Grieco d. Senior Counselor Brady Toensing e. Senior Counselor Gary Barnett For item 1 of this request, please provide all responsive records from September 20, 2020, through January 20, 2021. 2. All email communications (including emails, email attachments, complete email chains, calendar invitations, and calendar invitation attachments) between (a) Attorney General Ashley Moody, or anyone communicating on Moody’s behalf, such as a chief of staff, scheduler, or assistant, and (b) the external individuals listed below that (c) contain the key terms specified below. 1030 15th Street NW, Suite B255, Washington, DC 20005 | AmericanOversight.org External Individuals a. Elizabeth Murrill, Louisiana Solicitor General b. Benjamin Flowers, Ohio Solicitor General c. -
Charles A. Kupchan
Charles A. Kupchan Council on Foreign Relations 1779 Massachusetts Ave., NW Washington, DC 20036 202 518-3402 [email protected] PRESENT POSITIONS Senior Fellow and Director of European Studies, Council on Foreign Relations. Professor of International Affairs, School of Foreign Service and Department of Government, Georgetown University. PREVIOUS POSITIONS Director, Mortara Center for International Studies, Georgetown University (2004-2005). Assistant Professor of Politics, Princeton University (1986-1993). Director for European Affairs, National Security Council, The White House (1993-1994). Member, Policy Planning Staff, U.S. Department of State (1992). EDUCATION Oxford University (1981-1985). Doctorate in Politics (June 1985). Dissertation: "The Evolution and Defense of Western Interests in the Persian Gulf, 1973-1982." Master of Philosophy in Politics (awarded June 1983). Focus on strategic studies, international relations and political theory. Thesis title: "The Evolution of the Carter Doctrine and U.S. Security Policy in the Gulf, 1979-1981." Harvard University (1976-1981). B.A. Magna Cum Laude in East Asian Studies. Thesis title: "Liang Ch'i-ch'ao and Ahad Ha'am Cultural Nationalism: A Response to a Changing World." TEACHING EXPERIENCE Georgetown University. Graduate courses on: International Relations Theory and Practice, The Sources of Nationalism, and Contemporary Debates in International Security. Undergraduate 1 courses on: Grand Strategy in Historical and Comparative Perspective, and Introduction to International Relations. Princeton University. Two undergraduate lecture courses: Introduction to International Relations, and Great Powers in the International System; a graduate course on Theories of International Relations; and undergraduate seminars on International Relations Theory, Strategic Studies, and U.S. Foreign Policy. Harvard University (1984-1986). -
In the Supreme Court of the United States ______
No. 20-1029 In the Supreme Court of the United States ____________________ CITY OF AUSTIN, TEXAS, Petitioner, v. REAGAN NATIONAL ADVERTISING OF AUSTIN, INC., ET AL. Respondents. ____________________ ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE U.S. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT _______________________________________________________________________________ BRIEF OF AMICI CURIAE FLORIDA, ARKANSAS, CALIFORNIA, CONNECTICUT, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ILLINOIS, IOWA, MAINE, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN, MINNESOTA, MISSISSIPPI, NEVADA, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, OHIO, OREGON, PENNSYLVANIA, SOUTH DAKOTA, VERMONT, AND WASHINGTON IN SUPPORT OF PETITIONER _______________________________________________________________________________ ASHLEY MOODY DAVID M. COSTELLO Attorney General Assistant Solicitor General HENRY C. WHITAKER Office of the Florida Solicitor General Attorney General Counsel of Record PL-01, The Capitol DANIEL W. BELL Tallahassee, Florida 32399 Chief Deputy (850) 414-3300 Solicitor General henry.whitaker@ KEVIN A. GOLEMBIEWSKI myfloridalegal.com Deputy Solicitor General Counsel for Amicus Curiae the State of Florida (Additional counsel with signature block) i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ....................................... ii INTEREST OF AMICI CURIAE ................................ 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ..................................... 1 ARGUMENT ............................................................... 3 I. THE FIFTH CIRCUIT ERRED BY CONCLUDING THAT PETITIONER’S ORDINANCE IS CONTENT-BASED UNDER REED. ....................................................