DOCSLIB.ORG

Exploration of Lichen in Nepal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

2021 Journal of Plant Resources Vol.19, No. 1 Exploration of Lichen in Nepal Chitra Bahadur Baniya* & Pooja Bhatta Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal *Email: [email protected] Abstract Lichens are great part of our healthy nature. They have a great contribution to mankind and environment directly and indirectly. Understanding each of their taxonomy and publish them is primary urgency in term of biodiversity registry. Exploration of different forms of biodiversity has taken place after Nepal opened for foreign countries. Interests on lichens are no more exception. This work has been put forwarded to revise literature about work done and published related on Nepalese lichens both by foreign as well as native lichenologists. Based on compilation of the previous works done in different geographical regions of Nepal, a total of 873 taxa (805 species, 46 varieties, 10 subspecies, 12 forma) belonging to 185 genera and 61 families having Parmeliacaea as dominant family were reported so far until now. Central Nepal is found the most explored region of the country followed by eastern and western Nepal. Much work done were concerned about documentation and identification by foreign lichenologists and deposited in their own herbaria. This review tries to figure out exploration of lichen in different time period, total lichen taxa of Nepal and to present area of interest of lichenologist in recent period. Keywords: Central Nepal, Host specificity, Lichen richness, Life forms Introduction range was estimated between 13,500 (Hawksworth et al., 1996) and nearly 20,000 when “orphaned” Lichens, the non-vascular cryptogams and an species were included (Sipman & Aptroot 2001). It excellent example of symbiotic association between was estimated that about 50% of the tropical lichen mycobiont and photobiont, are broadly categorized mycobiota were still unknown (Aptroot & Sipman into crustose, foliose and fruticose life-forms on the 1997). In Asia, the Himalayan habitats are rich for basis of their general morphology As the mycobiont lichens (Upreti 1998). Sharma (1995) estimated is unique in the symbiotic association and usually 2,000 species of lichen in Nepal representing only dominates the association, lichen are classified as 10% of the total lichens species likely occurred in life form of fungi (Rankovie & Kosanic 2015). the world. Carborea voryticosa reported from the Lichens are one of the most successful organisms world’s highest altitude that was from Nepalese to colonize at extreme environments such as cold Himalayan at 7400m asl (Baniya et al., 2010). arctic and alpine environments where a few other Baniya et al. (1999) described a gross distribution plants can establish (Schroeter et al. 1994; Kappen pattern of lichens with physiographic zones in Nepal et al. 1996). They can grow at almost every type and reported that lower elevation was rich in crustose of terrestrial habitats and fewer of them were also lichen; middle elevation was rich in foliose lichen recorded from freshwater streams (e.g. Peltigera while higher elevation was rich in fruticose form hydrothyria) and in the marine intertidal zone of lichen. (e.g. Lichina spp.) (Hawksworth 2000). Lichens are dominant autotrophs in many polar and sub- In context of Nepal, lichens from the lowland Terai polar ecosystems (Longton 1988). Rogers (1977) and Siwalik hills are much less known, and those estimated about 20,000 species of lichen in the of western Nepal remain largely unexplored (Bhuju world. Lichens dominate approximately 8% of et al., 2007). Among terrestrial photosynthetic the Earth’s land surface (Nash, 2008). At higher organisms they are the major group that is least latitudes, the number of lichen species exceeds the investigated in Nepal (Baniya et al., 2010). Lichens number of vascular plant species (Nash, 2008). are difficult to recognize as compared to other Global number of currently recognized lichens vascular plants due to their small size, being non- 18 2021 Journal of Plant Resources Vol.19, No. 1 flowering and due to lack well-illustrated and well Indians and Japanese. For the first time in Nepal, pictured flora. They are identified by their external the knowledge about lichen was introduced by morphological characters, internal anatomy and Wallich’s collection done during 1820-26. His chemical constituents. Color spot test usually collections were mainly from the eastern and central applied on thallus and thin layer chromatography regions of the country (Thapa & Rajbhandary 2012). conducted to identify chemistry of each thallus Nylander in 1860 published some Nepalese Lichen helped to identify lichen species. In addition, specimens collected by Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker structural character and ontogeny of apothecia are and Thompson on “Synopsis Methodica Lichenum”. also taken as most stringent character to separate Likewise, Paulson (1925) described 31 lichen taxa individual genera as well as species. In Nepal, many collected by Sommervella in 1924, from Mt. Everest, publications have dealt with taxonomic exploration Nepal. of specific generic records as well as lichen flora of specific region or the whole country Nepal. Mid period (1950- 2000) However a comprehensive review of all publications In Mid period, major contribution to the lichenological is lacking. Thus this present work has attempted exploration of Nepal was provided by foreign to review works performed on Nepalese lichens at lichenologist. Nakao collected lichen species different intervals of time. Although in this study from different parts of eastern Nepal during the we have attempted to cover all of the available expedition to the Nepal Himalaya in 1952-53 (Thapa literature on lichen flora of Nepal published till & Rajbhandary, 2012). Based on his collection, 2020, inaccessibility of some literature is no more Asahina (1955) described 62 species of lichen and exception. This study in one hand might provide Abbayes (1958) reported distribution of Cladonia knowledge on research works done in Nepal and species from Nepal Himalayas. For the first time, in other hand could highlight major gaps in lichen Awasthi (1957), based on his own collection done research of Nepal. in eastern Nepal, reported Nepalese lichen and included 38 species in his publication. Among which Materials and Methods Cetraria nepalensis, Cetraria pallid and Physcia This present review is information about lichen melanotricha were new species. D. D. Awasthi was species related research work done in Nepal, regarded as father of Indian Lichenologist. Based especially lichen explorations in different parts of on collection of R. S. Rao, botanist member of the the country at different time periods by foreign as Indian expedition to Cho-Oyu in east Nepal, Awasthi well as Nepalese lichenologists. They published (1960) described 38 species of lichens among which their findings in different journals, books and five species were reported as new reports for the reports. All available information was gathered via Himalayas. searching scientific databases including Elsevier, Professor J. J. Poelt was the most famous lichenologist Springer, Google Scholars, and Cyberliber etc. who conducted a series of lichen expeditions to Also related thesis works, books, project reports Nepal. His first Himalayan expedition was held in and other available periodicals were reviewed. 1962 in the southern flank of the Mount Everest Global biodiversity information facility (GBIF) was region of Solu Khumbu. His second Himalayan followed to check accepted names and for author expedition was held in Langtang region, Central citation. Nepal. Most of his collections were housed at Botanische Staatssammlung Munchen (M) and Results and Discussion Graz University Herbarium (GZU) respectively. Results of his expedition’s represented 39 new taxa Historical Study of Nepalese Lichen till 1950 to science. His herbarium collections have been Lichenological research in Nepal was primarily maintaining by University Gratz, Austria together initiated by western lichenologists followed by with collections made from Tibet of China. Poelt 19 2021 Journal of Plant Resources Vol.19, No. 1 (1974) revised the genera Physica and Physconia Kurokawa (1988) reported 38 species of genera of the himalayan region. Out of the 19 species of Parmelia (24 species) and Anaptychia (14 species) Physica, 4 were new to science, and 15 species from Kathmandu valley. Similarly, Sharma & were new report from Nepal, and 2 species of Kurokawa, (1990) reported 10 species of Anaphychia Physciopsis and Physoconia were also reported. and 21 species of Parmelia from Nepal among which Vezda & Poelt (1974) reported Dimerella lutea and Parmelia erumpnse and Parmelia sinuosawere new described Pachyphiale himalayensis new to science to Nepal. Poelt, (1990) presented a list of roughly from Nepal. Poelt (1977) described 12 species of 280 lichen taxa as an attached (and commented) Umbilicaria from Nepal. Poelt & Mayrhofer (1988) list in the doctoral thesis of Georg Miehe, (1990) published the new taxa of Bryonora selenospora, B. dealing with vegetation ecology in Langtang area. reducta and B. rhypariza var. cyanotropha collected Another publication, Esslinger &Poelt,(1991) from Langtang area, Central Nepal. dealing with a soil inhabiting Parmelia contains the new description of Parmelia masonii (based on Asahina & Kurokawa (1966) reported 62 species of specimens of the Langtang and Khumbu region). lichens new to science out of a total of 133 species Altitudinal range
Recommended publications
  • Checklist of Calicioid Lichens and Fungi for Genera with Members in Temperate Western North America Draft: 2012-03-13

    Checklist of Calicioid Lichens and Fungi for Genera with Members in Temperate Western North America Draft: 2012-03-13

    Draft: 2012-03-13 Checklist of Calicioids – E. B. Peterson Checklist of Calicioid Lichens and Fungi For Genera with Members in Temperate Western North America Draft: 2012-03-13 by E. B. Peterson Calicium abietinum, EBP#4640 1 Draft: 2012-03-13 Checklist of Calicioids – E. B. Peterson Genera Acroscyphus Lév. Brucea Rikkinen Calicium Pers. Chaenotheca Th. Fr. Chaenothecopsis Vainio Coniocybe Ach. = Chaenotheca "Cryptocalicium" – potentially undescribed genus; taxonomic placement is not known but there are resemblances both to Mycocaliciales and Onygenales Cybebe Tibell = Chaenotheca Cyphelium Ach. Microcalicium Vainio Mycocalicium Vainio Phaeocalicium A.F.W. Schmidt Sclerophora Chevall. Sphinctrina Fr. Stenocybe (Nyl.) Körber Texosporium Nádv. ex Tibell & Hofsten Thelomma A. Massal. Tholurna Norman Additional genera are primarily tropical, such as Pyrgillus, Tylophoron About the Species lists Names in bold are believed to be currently valid names. Old synonyms are indented and listed with the current name following (additional synonyms can be found in Esslinger (2011). Names in quotes are nicknames for undescribed species. Names given within tildes (~) are published, but may not be validly published. Underlined species are included in the checklist for North America north of Mexico (Esslinger 2011). Names are given with authorities and original citation date where possible, followed by a colon. Additional citations are given after the colon, followed by a series of abbreviations for states and regions where known. States and provinces use the standard two-letter abbreviation. Regions include: NAm = North America; WNA = western North America (west of the continental divide); Klam = Klamath Region (my home territory). For those not known from North America, continental distribution may be given: SAm = South America; EUR = Europe; ASIA = Asia; Afr = Africa; Aus = Australia.
  • Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation

    Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation

    Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation Establishment of the 95-foot wide construction corridor and TEWAs would likely remove individuals of H. caeruleus and modify microclimate conditions around individuals that are not removed. The removal of forests and host trees and disturbance to soil could negatively affect H. caeruleus in adjacent areas by removing its habitat, disturbing the roots of host trees, and affecting its mycorrhizal association with the trees, potentially affecting site persistence. Restored portions of the corridor and TEWAs would be dominated by early seral vegetation for approximately 30 years, which would result in long-term changes to habitat conditions. A 30-foot wide portion of the corridor would be maintained in low-growing vegetation for pipeline maintenance and would not provide habitat for the species during the life of the project. Hygrophorus caeruleus is not likely to persist at one of the sites in the project area because of the extent of impacts and the proximity of the recorded observation to the corridor. Hygrophorus caeruleus is likely to persist at the remaining three sites in the project area (MP 168.8 and MP 172.4 (north), and MP 172.5-172.7) because the majority of observations within the sites are more than 90 feet from the corridor, where direct effects are not anticipated and indirect effects are unlikely. The site at MP 168.8 is in a forested area on an east-facing slope, and a paved road occurs through the southeast part of the site. Four out of five observations are more than 90 feet southwest of the corridor and are not likely to be directly or indirectly affected by the PCGP Project based on the distance from the corridor, extent of forests surrounding the observations, and proximity to an existing open corridor (the road), indicating the species is likely resilient to edge- related effects at the site.
  • New Records of Lichens and Allied Fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia

    New Records of Lichens and Allied Fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia

    Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 56: 53–62 (2019) https://doi.org/10.12697/fce.2019.56.06 New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia Irina Urbanavichene1 & Gennadii Urbanavichus2 1Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Professor Popov Str. 2, 197376 St Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre RAS, Akademgorodok 14a, 184209 Apatity, Murmansk Region, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: 29 species of lichens, 3 non-lichenized calicioid fungi and 3 lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time from the Kostroma Region. Among them, 15 species are new for the Central Federal District, including Myrionora albidula – a rare species with widely scattered locations, previously known only from the Southern Urals Mts in European Russia. The most important discoveries are confined to old-growth coniferous Picea sp. and Abies sibirica forests in the Kologriv Forest Nature Reserve. Two species (Leptogium burnetiae and Menegazzia terebrata) are included in the Red Data Book of Russian Federation. The distribution, ecology, taxonomic characters and conservation status of rare species and of those new for the Central Federal District are provided. Keywords: Biatora mendax, Myrionora albidula, old-growth forests, southern taiga, Kologriv Forest Reserve, Central European Russia INTRODUCTION The Kostroma Region is a large (60,211 km2), berniya, listing 39 and 54 taxa, respectively. most northeastern part of the Central Federal The recent published additions to the Kostroma District in European Russia situated between lichen flora are from the Kologriv District by Ivanovo, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Kirov and Nizhniy Novgorod regions (Fig.
  • A Checklist of Lichens Collected During the First Howard Crum Bryological Workshop, Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area

    A Checklist of Lichens Collected During the First Howard Crum Bryological Workshop, Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area

    Opuscula Philolichenum, 2: 1-10. 2005. Contributions to the Lichen Flora of Pennsylvania: A Checklist of Lichens Collected During the First Howard Crum Bryological Workshop, Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area RICHARD C. HARRIS1 & JAMES C. LENDEMER2 ABSTRACT. – A checklist of 209 species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi collected during the First Howard Crum Bryological Workshop in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Pennsylvania, USA is provided. The new species Opegrapha bicolor R.C. Harris & Lendemer, collected during the Foray, is described. Chrysothrix flavovirens Tønsberg and Merismatium peregrinum (Flotow) Triebel are reported as new to North America. On April 23-26, 2004, we were graciously allowed to be commensals during the First Howard Crum Bryological Workshop in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Pennsylvania, USA. Given the dearth of knowledge of lichen distributions in Pennsylvania and the overall lack of recent vouchers, this was a valuable opportunity to collect in what turned out to be a rich and interesting area. We were quite surprised by the apparent high lichen diversity, as well as the number of novelties and rarities, in an area so close to the East Coast megalopolis. In four half-days in the field, we collected 209 species in a limited area of the Pennsylvania part of the Park. Some are clearly new to science of which, Opegrapha bicolor is described here (see Endnote). Two presumably undescribed species of Fellhanera will be published elsewhere, and the Halecania will be included in a forthcoming treatment of Ozark lichens. Others are left for the future, as present material (and our knowledge) are inadequate.
  • An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi

    An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi

    Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 4-10. 2012. *pdf available online 3January2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi 1 BRENDAN P. HODKINSON ABSTRACT. – A taxonomic scheme for lichens and allied fungi that synthesizes scientific knowledge from a variety of sources is presented. The system put forth here is intended both (1) to provide a skeletal outline of the lichens and allied fungi that can be used as a provisional filing and databasing scheme by lichen herbarium/data managers and (2) to announce the online presence of an official taxonomy that will define the scope of the newly formed International Committee for the Nomenclature of Lichens and Allied Fungi (ICNLAF). The online version of the taxonomy presented here will continue to evolve along with our understanding of the organisms. Additionally, the subfamily Fissurinoideae Rivas Plata, Lücking and Lumbsch is elevated to the rank of family as Fissurinaceae. KEYWORDS. – higher-level taxonomy, lichen-forming fungi, lichenized fungi, phylogeny INTRODUCTION Traditionally, lichen herbaria have been arranged alphabetically, a scheme that stands in stark contrast to the phylogenetic scheme used by nearly all vascular plant herbaria. The justification typically given for this practice is that lichen taxonomy is too unstable to establish a reasonable system of classification. However, recent leaps forward in our understanding of the higher-level classification of fungi, driven primarily by the NSF-funded Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFToL) project (Lutzoni et al. 2004), have caused the taxonomy of lichen-forming and allied fungi to increase significantly in stability. This is especially true within the class Lecanoromycetes, the main group of lichen-forming fungi (Miadlikowska et al.
  • A New Checklist of Lichenised, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi Reported from South Africa

    A New Checklist of Lichenised, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi Reported from South Africa

    Page 1 of 4 Original Research A new checklist of lichenised, lichenicolous and allied fungi reported from South Africa Author: Background: The last comprehensive list of lichenised, lichenicolous and allied fungi reported 1 Alan M. Fryday from South Africa was published in 1950. A checklist is important to provide basic information Affiliation: on the extent of the diversity, and to provide the most recent name and classification. 1Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Objective: To present a list of all the lichenised, lichenicolous and allied fungi reported from United States South Africa. Correspondence to: Methods: The list presented is entirely literature based and no attempt has been made to Alan Fryday check the report of any taxa or their status by checking the specimens upon which they are based. Firstly, all taxa that were not reported from within the modern boundaries of South Email: Africa were excluded. Next, the Recent literature on lichens database was searched for literature [email protected] on South African lichens since 1945 and all references checked for new species or new reports, Postal address: which were then added to the list. These names were then checked against Index Fungorum Department of Plant Biology, to ensure that the most current name was being used. Finally, the list was rationalised by Plant Biology Laboratories, 612 Wilson Road, East excluding all synonyms and dubious infraspecific taxa. Lansing, MI, 48824, Results: The current list includes 1750 taxa in 260 genera from mainland South Africa, with United States an additional 100 species and 23 genera from the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands, which Dates: are treated separately.
  • BLS Bulletin 111 Winter 2012.Pdf

    BLS Bulletin 111 Winter 2012.Pdf

    1 BRITISH LICHEN SOCIETY OFFICERS AND CONTACTS 2012 PRESIDENT B.P. Hilton, Beauregard, 5 Alscott Gardens, Alverdiscott, Barnstaple, Devon EX31 3QJ; e-mail [email protected] VICE-PRESIDENT J. Simkin, 41 North Road, Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne NE20 9UN, email [email protected] SECRETARY C. Ellis, Royal Botanic Garden, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR; email [email protected] TREASURER J.F. Skinner, 28 Parkanaur Avenue, Southend-on-Sea, Essex SS1 3HY, email [email protected] ASSISTANT TREASURER AND MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY H. Döring, Mycology Section, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, email [email protected] REGIONAL TREASURER (Americas) J.W. Hinds, 254 Forest Avenue, Orono, Maine 04473-3202, USA; email [email protected]. CHAIR OF THE DATA COMMITTEE D.J. Hill, Yew Tree Cottage, Yew Tree Lane, Compton Martin, Bristol BS40 6JS, email [email protected] MAPPING RECORDER AND ARCHIVIST M.R.D. Seaward, Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, email [email protected] DATA MANAGER J. Simkin, 41 North Road, Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne NE20 9UN, email [email protected] SENIOR EDITOR (LICHENOLOGIST) P.D. Crittenden, School of Life Science, The University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, email [email protected] BULLETIN EDITOR P.F. Cannon, CABI and Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; postal address Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, email [email protected] CHAIR OF CONSERVATION COMMITTEE & CONSERVATION OFFICER B.W. Edwards, DERC, Library Headquarters, Colliton Park, Dorchester, Dorset DT1 1XJ, email [email protected] CHAIR OF THE EDUCATION AND PROMOTION COMMITTEE: S.
  • Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Diversification Events in the Caliciaceae

    Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Diversification Events in the Caliciaceae

    Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225-016-0372-y Phylogeny, taxonomy and diversification events in the Caliciaceae Maria Prieto1,2 & Mats Wedin1 Received: 21 December 2015 /Accepted: 19 July 2016 # The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Although the high degree of non-monophyly and Calicium pinicola, Calicium trachyliodes, Pseudothelomma parallel evolution has long been acknowledged within the occidentale, Pseudothelomma ocellatum and Thelomma mazaediate Caliciaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), a brunneum. A key for the mazaedium-producing Caliciaceae is natural re-classification of the group has not yet been accom- included. plished. Here we constructed a multigene phylogeny of the Caliciaceae-Physciaceae clade in order to resolve the detailed Keywords Allocalicium gen. nov. Calicium fossil . relationships within the group, to propose a revised classification, Divergence time estimates . Lichens . Multigene . and to perform a dating study. The few characters present in the Pseudothelomma gen. nov available fossil and the complex character evolution of the group affects the interpretation of morphological traits and thus influ- ences the assignment of the fossil to specific nodes in the phy- Introduction logeny, when divergence time analyses are carried out. Alternative fossil assignments resulted in very different time es- Caliciaceae is one of several ascomycete groups characterized timates and the comparison with the analysis based on a second- by producing prototunicate (thin-walled and evanescent) asci ary calibration demonstrates that the most likely placement of the and a mazaedium (an accumulation of loose, maturing spores fossil is close to a terminal node rather than a basal placement in covering the ascoma surface).
  • Lichens and Allied Fungi of the Indiana Forest Alliance

    Lichens and Allied Fungi of the Indiana Forest Alliance

    2017. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 126(2):129–152 LICHENS AND ALLIED FUNGI OF THE INDIANA FOREST ALLIANCE ECOBLITZ AREA, BROWN AND MONROE COUNTIES, INDIANA INCORPORATED INTO A REVISED CHECKLIST FOR THE STATE OF INDIANA James C. Lendemer: Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126 USA ABSTRACT. Based upon voucher collections, 108 lichen species are reported from the Indiana Forest Alliance Ecoblitz area, a 900 acre unit in Morgan-Monroe and Yellowwood State Forests, Brown and Monroe Counties, Indiana. The lichen biota of the study area was characterized as: i) dominated by species with green coccoid photobionts (80% of taxa); ii) comprised of 49% species that reproduce primarily with lichenized diaspores vs. 44% that reproduce primarily through sexual ascospores; iii) comprised of 65% crustose taxa, 29% foliose taxa, and 6% fruticose taxa; iv) one wherein many species are rare (e.g., 55% of species were collected fewer than three times) and fruticose lichens other than Cladonia were entirely absent; and v) one wherein cyanolichens were poorly represented, comprising only three species. Taxonomic diversity ranged from 21 to 56 species per site, with the lowest diversity sites concentrated in riparian corridors and the highest diversity sites on ridges. Low Gap Nature Preserve, located within the study area, was found to have comparable species richness to areas outside the nature preserve, although many species rare in the study area were found only outside preserve boundaries. Sets of rare species are delimited and discussed, as are observations as to the overall low abundance of lichens on corticolous substrates and the presence of many unhealthy foliose lichens on mature tree boles.
  • A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families

    A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families

    A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oliver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., ... & Stenroos, S. (2014). A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 79, 132-168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 Elsevier Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10,
  • Chaenotheca Chrysocephala Species Fact Sheet

    Chaenotheca Chrysocephala Species Fact Sheet

    SPECIES FACT SHEET Common Name: yellow-headed pin lichen Scientific Name: Chaenotheca chrysocephala (Turner ex Ach.) Th. Fr. Division: Ascomycota Class: Sordariomycetes Order: Trichosphaeriales Family: Coniocybaceae Technical Description: Crustose lichen. Photosynthetic partner Trebouxia. Thallus visible on substrate, made of fine grains or small lumps or continuous, greenish yellow. Sometimes thallus completely immersed and not visible on substrate. Spore-producing structure (apothecium) pin- like, comprised of a obovoid to broadly obconical head (capitulum) 0.2-0.3 mm diameter on a slender stalk, the stalk 0.6-1.3 mm tall and 0.04 -0.8 mm diameter; black or brownish black or brown with dense yellow colored powder on the upper part. Capitulum with fine chartreuse- yellow colored powder (pruina) on the under side. Upper side with a mass of powdery brown spores (mazaedium). Spore sacs (asci) cylindrical, 14-19 x 2.0-3.5 µm and disintegrating; spores arranged in one line in the asci (uniseriate), 1-celled, 6-9 x 4-5 µm, short ellipsoidal to globose with rough ornamentation of irregular cracks. Chemistry: all spot tests negative. Thallus and powder on stalk (pruina) contain vulpinic acid, which gives them the chartreuse-yellow color. This acid also colors Letharia spp., the wolf lichens. Other descriptions and illustrations: Nordic Lichen Flora 1999, Peterson (no date), Sharnoff (no date), Stridvall (no date), Tibell 1975. Distinctive Characters: (1) bright chartreuse-yellow thallus with yellow pruina under capitulum and on the upper part of the stalk, (2) spore mass brown, (3) spores unicellular (4) thallus of small yellow lumps. Similar species: Many other pin lichens look similar to Chaenotheca chrysocephala.
  • British Lichen Society Bulletin No

    British Lichen Society Bulletin No

    1 BRITISH LICHEN SOCIETY OFFICERS AND CONTACTS 2010 PRESIDENT S.D. Ward, 14 Green Road, Ballyvaghan, Co. Clare, Ireland, email [email protected]. VICE-PRESIDENT B.P. Hilton, Beauregard, 5 Alscott Gardens, Alverdiscott, Barnstaple, Devon EX31 3QJ; e-mail [email protected] SECRETARY C. Ellis, Royal Botanic Garden, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR; email [email protected] TREASURER J.F. Skinner, 28 Parkanaur Avenue, Southend-on-Sea, Essex SS1 3HY, email [email protected] ASSISTANT TREASURER AND MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY H. Döring, Mycology Section, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, email [email protected] REGIONAL TREASURER (Americas) J.W. Hinds, 254 Forest Avenue, Orono, Maine 04473-3202, USA; email [email protected]. CHAIR OF THE DATA COMMITTEE D.J. Hill, Yew Tree Cottage, Yew Tree Lane, Compton Martin, Bristol BS40 6JS, email [email protected] MAPPING RECORDER AND ARCHIVIST M.R.D. Seaward, Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, email [email protected] DATA MANAGER J. Simkin, 41 North Road, Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne NE20 9UN, email [email protected] SENIOR EDITOR (LICHENOLOGIST) P.D. Crittenden, School of Life Science, The University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, email [email protected] BULLETIN EDITOR P.F. Cannon, CABI and Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; postal address Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, email [email protected] CHAIR OF CONSERVATION COMMITTEE & CONSERVATION OFFICER B.W. Edwards, DERC, Library Headquarters, Colliton Park, Dorchester, Dorset DT1 1XJ, email [email protected] CHAIR OF THE EDUCATION AND PROMOTION COMMITTEE: position currently vacant.