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Instituto Tecnológico Y De Estudios Superiores De Monterrey Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences DESARROLLANDO UNA SUPERFICIE QUE PROPICIA LA CONDENSACION PARA COSECHAR AGUA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE AL TRATAR UNA TEJA DE ARCILLA CON NANOPARTICULAS DE SiO2-OTS DEVELOPING A SURFACE WITH DEW ENHANCING PROPERTIES TO HARVEST WATER FROM THE ENVIRONMENT BY TREATING A CLAY SUBSTRATE WITH SiO2-OTS NANOPARTICLES By Leonardo Arturo Beneditt Jimenez A00809139 Submitted to the School of Engineering and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Nanotechnology Monterrey Nuevo León, May 30th, 2019 2 FORMATO DE DECLARACIÓN DE ACUERDO PARA USO DE OBRA Por medio del presente escrito, Leonardo Arturo Beneditt Jiménez (en lo sucesivo EL AUTOR) hace constar que es titular intelectual de la obra titulada DEVELOPING A SURFACE WITH DEW ENHANCING PROPERTIES TO HARVEST WATER FROM THE ENVIRONMENT BY TREATING A CLAY SUBSTRATE WITH SiO2- OTS NANOPARTICLES (en lo sucesivo LA OBRA), en virtud de lo cual autoriza al Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (en lo sucesivo el ITESM) para que efectúe resguardo mediante copia digital o impresa para asegurar su conservación, preservación, accesibilidad, disponibilidad, visibilidad, divulgación, distribución, transmisión, reproducción y/o comunicación pública con fines académicos o propios al objeto de la institución y sin fines de lucro como parte del Repositorio Institucional del ITESM. EL AUTOR reconoce que ha desarrollado LA OBRA en su totalidad de forma íntegra y consistente cuidando los derechos de autor y de atribución, reconociendo el trabajo intelectual de terceros. Esto incluye haber dado crédito a las contribuciones intelectuales de terceros que hayan participado como coautores, cuando los resultados corresponden a un trabajo colaborativo. De igual manera, EL AUTOR declara haber dado reconocimiento y crédito de autoría a cualquier parte de LA OBRA que haya sido previamente sometida, para obtener un grado académico, titulación y/o certificación en ésta o cualquier otra universidad. Incluyendo la debida atribución a través de cita y/o referencia bibliográfica en LA OBRA a conceptos, escritos, imágenes y cualquier representación intelectual al consultar publicaciones académicas, científicas, culturales o artísticas de otros autores, así como la fuente de su obtención. EL AUTOR establece su deseo de conceder esta autorización de forma voluntaria y gratuita, y que de acuerdo a lo señalado en la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor y la Ley de Propiedad Industrial, el ITESM se compromete a respetar en todo momento la autoría y a otorgar el crédito correspondiente en todas las actividades mencionadas anteriormente de LA OBRA. De la misma manera, EL AUTOR manifiesta que el contenido académico, literario, la edición y en general cualquier parte LA OBRA presentada es de su entera responsabilidad, por lo que deslinda al ITESM por cualquier violación a los derechos de autor y/o propiedad intelectual o cualquier responsabilidad relacionada con LA OBRA frente a terceros. _________________________________________ Leonardo Arturo Beneditt Jiménez 3 Declaration of Authorship I, Leonardo Arturo Beneditt Jimenez, declare that this dissertation titled, DEVELOPING A SURFACE WITH DEW ENHANCING PROPERTIES TO HARVEST WATER FROM THE ENVIRONMENT BY TREATING A CLAY SUBSTRATE WITH SiO2-OTS NANOPARTICLES and the work presented in it are my own. I confirm that: • This work was done wholly or mainly while in candidature for a research degree at this University. • Where any part of this dissertation has previously been submitted for a degree or any other qualification at this University or any other institution, this has been clearly stated. • Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed. • Where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this dissertation is entirely my own work. • I have acknowledged all main sources of help. • Where the dissertation is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself. _______________________ Ing. Leonardo Arturo Beneditt Jiménez Tecnológico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences Monterrey Nuevo León, May 27th, 2019 @2019 by Leonardo Arturo Beneditt Jimenez All rights reserved 4 Dedication To my family: my caring mother, my supporting father and my dear sister. You have always had my back and have reminded me that hard work pays off. Thank you for believing in me and for all the effort done so that I can be where I am today. I am eternally grateful for having you. Thanks for all your unconditional confidence, support, patience, and encouragement. You were my main motivation for pushing through this work. This work and this triumph is as much mine as it is yours. WE did it. 5 Acknowledgements To those who inspired me and kept me going every day… Dr. Alan for the hours and knowledge spent by my side. Pushing me to look for answers and to gather more information constantly. Thank you for expanding my knowledge to new subject and territories. You have helped me grow. Dr. Oscar for the advice throughout my thesis. For opening my field of view to new ideas, perspectives and methods. Dr. Alex Elias for giving me the confidence and support to reach higher and push further. Thank you for supporting and motivating me to embark on this Masters on Nanotechnology and for granting me the opportunity to investigate a field I am passionate about. CONACYT for the economical support and opportunity to complete this Masters Program at ITESM, Monterrey. ITESM for allowing me to use its resources, installations and equipment to successfully complete and develop my research. To my parents, for all of their love and support. You always have my back. 6 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. 6 Table of Contents .................................................................................................................... 7 Abstract ................................................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 1: Introduction ......................................................................................................... 11 1. Motivation ......................................................................................................................... 12 2. The Problem ...................................................................................................................... 13 3. The Unsolved Problem ...................................................................................................... 14 4. Purpose of Investigation ................................................................................................... 15 5. Investigation Question ...................................................................................................... 17 6. Hypothesis ......................................................................................................................... 17 7. Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 17 7.1. Main Objective .......................................................................................................... 17 7.2. Specific Objectives .................................................................................................... 17 8. Methods and Materials ..................................................................................................... 18 8.1. Particles ..................................................................................................................... 18 8.2. Clay-Based Tile .......................................................................................................... 19 8.3. PTA 3D Printed Tiles .................................................................................................. 19 8.4. Experiments .............................................................................................................. 19 8.4.1. Particle Deposition ........................................................................................................ 19 8.4.2. Sample Preparation ....................................................................................................... 20 8.4.3. Wind Tunnel and Smoke Tunnel Tests .......................................................................... 21 9. Background ....................................................................................................................... 21 Chapter 2: Base Knowledge ................................................................................................. 25 1. Condensation .................................................................................................................... 26 2. Physics and Mathematics .................................................................................................. 26 2.1. Thermodynamics ....................................................................................................... 27 2.2. Surface-Substrate-Material Equations ...................................................................... 29 2.3. Droplet growth on a Surface ....................................................................................
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